CN113662538A - A non-invasive blood glucose detection method based on time-frequency domain comprehensive analysis - Google Patents

A non-invasive blood glucose detection method based on time-frequency domain comprehensive analysis Download PDF

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CN113662538A
CN113662538A CN202110973721.0A CN202110973721A CN113662538A CN 113662538 A CN113662538 A CN 113662538A CN 202110973721 A CN202110973721 A CN 202110973721A CN 113662538 A CN113662538 A CN 113662538A
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陈剑虹
杨佳
任军怡
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种基于时频域综合分析的无创血糖检测方法,包括:1)获取指尖光电容积脉搏波信号的同时进行OGTT实验采集检测血糖浓度;2)使用小波阈值法、曲线拟合法对光电容积脉搏波信号进行去噪处理;3)使用聚类分析提取代表波形;4)用时域分析提取具有生理意义的特征参数;5)采用快速傅里叶变换对信号进行频谱分析,提前频域特征参数;6)通过相关性分析提取与血糖相关的时域、频域特征参数;7)使用获取的特征参数与真实血糖值建立遗传算法,优化BP神经网络模型;8)通过Parkers误差网格分析预测血糖值与实际血糖值的误差,其中80.3%预测结果在A区临床准确区,19.7%在B区临床可接受区。

Figure 202110973721

The invention discloses a non-invasive blood sugar detection method based on time-frequency domain comprehensive analysis. De-noise the photoplethysmographic signal; 3) Use cluster analysis to extract representative waveforms; 4) Use time domain analysis to extract characteristic parameters with physiological significance; 6) Extract the time domain and frequency domain characteristic parameters related to blood glucose through correlation analysis; 7) Use the obtained characteristic parameters and the real blood glucose value to establish a genetic algorithm to optimize the BP neural network model; 8) Through Parkers error network The error between the predicted blood glucose value and the actual blood glucose value was analyzed by grid analysis, of which 80.3% of the predicted results were in the clinically accurate area in area A, and 19.7% in the clinically acceptable area in area B.

Figure 202110973721

Description

Non-invasive blood glucose detection method based on time-frequency domain comprehensive analysis
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological signal processing, and particularly relates to a non-invasive blood glucose detection method based on time-frequency domain comprehensive analysis.
Background
Diabetes is one of the fastest growing global health emergencies in the 21 st century, and the cause of death is a number of complications, usually caused by metabolic disorders. Currently, there is no cure method, and the main treatment method is to frequently detect blood sugar and control blood sugar level with drug assistance. In the detection of blood glucose, invasive detection causes pain with a concomitant risk of infection. Secondly, purchase disposable test paper and blood taking needle for a long time, not only increase the detection cost and can cause environmental pollution, in addition, unable continuous blood sugar that detects still can easily miss effective information. The minimally invasive method has the disadvantages that the change of the glucose concentration in the tissue fluid is slightly delayed relative to the change of the glucose concentration in the blood, and the position is easy to deviate, thereby bringing about measurement errors.
At present, noninvasive detection is a hot point of research in international academia at present, and an optical method is more applied to the aspect of noninvasive blood glucose detection technology. The detection position of the Raman spectroscopy is the anterior chamber of the eye, so that the incident light intensity is limited, and the influence of fluorescence interference of the skin and surface melanin needs to be solved; the detection position of the polarized light optical rotation method is an eye, the problem of measurement safety exists, and the concentration of aqueous humor in front of the eye and the concentration of blood glucose in blood have delay performance; photoacoustic spectroscopy is susceptible to interference from the environment of use and the stability of the instrument, which is stronger than that caused by fluctuations in blood glucose concentration; the scattering phenomenon of the fluorescence method has a large influence on the fluorescence method, and the skin color and the skin thickness can influence the fluorescence effect; the optical coherence imaging method is sensitive to physiological changes, tissue composition changes and motion abnormalities; mid-infrared spectroscopy has poor skin penetration and is susceptible to background interference from other compounds; the near infrared spectroscopy has a weak signal and is greatly influenced by physiological background and individual difference.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a non-invasive blood sugar detection method based on time-frequency domain comprehensive analysis, which combines a photoplethysmography and a near-infrared detection technology, performs time-frequency domain comprehensive analysis on photoplethysmography, extracts characteristic parameters related to blood sugar change for modeling, predicts the blood sugar value by processing a pulse wave signal and performs error analysis. The detection method has the characteristics of no wound, small error and high precision.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a non-invasive blood sugar detection method based on time-frequency domain comprehensive analysis comprises the following steps:
step 1, collecting human body pulse wave signals by using a finger-clipped photoelectric sensor, wherein the obtained photoplethysmographic pulse wave signals also contain noises such as myoelectricity interference, motion artifact, respiration, power frequency interference and the like, and meanwhile, carrying out an OGTT experiment, and collecting fingertip blood glucose concentration by using a portable glucometer;
step 2, preprocessing the photoplethysmography signals obtained in the step 1 by a wavelet threshold method and a curve fitting method, filtering noise, baseline drift and accidental errors, and obtaining relatively pure photoplethysmography signals;
step 3, extracting representative waveforms from the pure photoplethysmography signals of a plurality of periods obtained in the step 2 by using cluster analysis, and eliminating the influence of distorted waveforms on time domain and frequency domain analysis of the sphygmometer waves;
step 4, performing time domain analysis on the representative waveform obtained in the step 3, and extracting characteristic points and characteristic parameters with physiological significance; detecting an extreme point in the pulse wave by using a differential threshold method, determining the position range of the occurrence of an inflection point by setting a time threshold, determining the inflection point by combining the characteristics of a slope near the inflection point, and when the slope changes from negative to zero to positive, wherein the point with the fastest curvature change is the inflection point: namely the wave trough; conversely, when the slope goes from positive to zero to negative, the point where the curvature changes most rapidly is the inflection point: namely the wave crest;
step 5, performing fast Fourier transform on the representative waveform obtained in the step 3 to obtain frequency spectrum information and frequency domain characteristic parameters, and extracting characteristic parameters related to blood sugar;
step 6, carrying out correlation analysis on the extracted characteristic parameters and the real blood sugar value;
step 7, performing machine learning modeling by using the obtained characteristic parameters and the actually measured blood sugar values, establishing a genetic algorithm optimized BP neural network model, predicting the blood sugar concentration, taking the invasively collected blood sugar values as true values, and evaluating the prediction error of the model;
and 8, using international general Parkers grid error analysis to predict the error and clinical risk of the blood sugar value and the actual blood sugar value.
Further, 3 characteristic points and characteristic parameters with physiological significance are extracted in the step 4, and the ending time t of the single-cycle pulse wavea’Dominant wave amplitude hbMajor wave rise time tbAnd the start time t of the dicrotic waveeRatio t of2
Further, the amplitudes of the frequencies around 1.17Hz and 2.15Hz in the step 5 are respectively expressed as Af1、Af2A isf1、Af2As the characteristic parameters extracted by frequency domain analysis, because the correlations between the frequency components of different individuals and the blood sugar fluctuate within a certain range, the first six peak frequencies with certain correlations with the blood sugar and the corresponding amplitudes thereof are extracted, the spectral peak information is analyzed by using principal component analysis, and the main information of 6 spectral peaks is represented by using two principal components PC1 and PC2 as the frequency domain characteristic parameters.
Further, the correlation analysis described in step 6 is used to determine the degree of correlation between two variables, the variables satisfy normal distribution, and the correlation analysis is performed on the extracted characteristic parameters and the true blood glucose value, and the formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0003226590420000041
wherein: x and Y are two variable factors for correlation analysis, and Cov (X and Y) is the covariance between X and Y variables; d (X), D (Y) is the variance of X and Y; the selected time domain characteristic parameters comprise: end time t of single-cycle pulse wavea’Dominant wave amplitude hbMajor wave rise time tbAnd the start time t of the dicrotic waveeRatio t of2(ii) a The frequency domain characteristic parameters are as follows: amplitude A of frequencies around 1.17Hzf1Amplitude A of a frequency around 2.15Hzf2Two principal components PC1, PC2 representing spectral peak information.
Further, the specific implementation of step 7 is:
adjusting and optimizing the initial weight value, the threshold value and the coding mode of the neural network, calculating the fitness value of each individual by taking the absolute error sum of model prediction as the fitness value, selecting an operation selection proportion selection method, forming a new population by using individuals with better fitness, obtaining a new individual by adopting a real number intersection method, selecting a certain gene of the individual for mutation to obtain a new individual, judging whether the result meets a constraint condition or not, returning to the step of determining the fitness function if the result does not meet the constraint condition, recording the optimal individual fitness if the result meets the constraint condition, then using the optimal individual generated by evolution as the initial weight value and the threshold value of the neural network to predict the blood glucose concentration, using the blood glucose value collected initiatively as a true value, evaluating the model prediction error, using cross-folding verification to determine the model parameters, and dividing 355 groups of data into 3: 1: 1, using 213 training sets, 71 validation sets and 71 test sets to train models, putting 71 test sets into the model with the minimum training error, and analyzing the model prediction result.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a non-invasive blood sugar detection method based on time-frequency domain comprehensive analysis, which is a new blood sugar detection method. Combining photoplethysmography and near infrared detection technology, so that transmitted light passing through the fingertip contains substance information in blood; the OGTT experiment is carried out, so that the concentration change of glucose in blood is obvious and the concentrations of other substances are kept unchanged in a period of time, and the influence of other substances in the blood on light absorption is avoided; and the influence of external factors on the absorption of light is avoided as much as possible through time and frequency comprehensive analysis. Data of 85 volunteers are collected in the experiment, and 355 groups of data are analyzed and processed, so that the established model has universality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a non-invasive blood glucose detection method based on time-frequency domain comprehensive analysis according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a waveform of the photoplethysmography denoised in step 2 in the noninvasive blood glucose detection method based on time-frequency domain comprehensive analysis according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a waveform of the photoplethysmography including distorted waveforms preprocessed in step 2 in the noninvasive blood glucose sensing method based on time-frequency domain comprehensive analysis according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of characteristic points of the time domain analysis of the photoplethysmography pulse wave in the non-invasive blood glucose detection method based on the time-frequency domain comprehensive analysis.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a frequency domain analysis of photoplethysmography in a non-invasive blood glucose detecting method based on time-frequency domain analysis.
FIG. 6 is a flowchart of the BP neural network optimized by the genetic algorithm in the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the training result of the BP neural network according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a diagram of an error analysis of a blood glucose prediction result according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The collection of the photoplethysmography is based on the lambert beer law, and the emergent intensity of light passing through a certain medium is influenced by the concentration of a light-absorbing substance and the thickness of the medium. The preliminarily acquired pulse wave signals contain noises such as myoelectricity interference, motion artifact, respiration, power frequency interference and the like.
As shown in fig. 1, a non-invasive blood glucose detecting method based on time-frequency domain comprehensive analysis includes the following steps:
step 1, collecting human body pulse wave signals by using a finger-clipped photoelectric sensor, wherein the obtained photoplethysmographic pulse wave signals also contain noises such as myoelectricity interference, motion artifact, respiration, power frequency interference and the like, and meanwhile, carrying out an OGTT experiment, and collecting fingertip blood glucose concentration by using a portable glucometer;
step 2, preprocessing the collected photoplethysmographic pulse wave signals by a wavelet threshold method and a curve fitting method, filtering noise, baseline drift and accidental errors, and obtaining relatively pure photoplethysmographic pulse wave signals, as shown in fig. 2;
step 3, extracting a representative waveform from the pure photoplethysmography signals of a plurality of periods obtained in the step 2 by using cluster analysis, and eliminating the influence of the distorted waveform on the analysis of the photoplethysmography time domain and the frequency domain as shown in the figure 3;
step 4, obtaining a schematic diagram of characteristic points of the photoplethysmography pulse wave time domain analysis in the noninvasive blood glucose detection method based on the time-frequency domain comprehensive analysis shown in fig. 4 through step 3, wherein the quantities in the diagram respectively represent: h isbIs the dominant wave amplitude, htAmplitude of origin of tidal wave, hdIs the wave amplitude of the wave crest of the tidal wave, heThe amplitude of the origin of the dicrotic wave, hfIs the wave crest and amplitude of the dicrotic wave, tbIs the dominant wave rise time, tcIs the tidal wave onset time, tdIs the arrival time of the peak of the tidal wave, teAs the onset time of the dicrotic wave, tfTime of arrival of the peak of the dicrotic wave, ta’For the end time of the single-cycle pulse wave, the waveform is subjected to time domain analysis, 3 characteristic points and characteristic parameters with physiological significance are extracted, and the end time t of the single-cycle pulse wavea’Dominant wave amplitude hbMajor wave rise time tbAnd the start time t of the dicrotic waveeRatio t of2(ii) a Detecting an extreme point in the pulse wave by using a differential threshold method, determining the position range of the occurrence of an inflection point by setting a time threshold, determining the inflection point by combining the characteristics of a slope near the inflection point, and when the slope changes from negative to zero to positive, wherein the point with the fastest curvature change is the inflection point, namely a trough; on the contrary, when the slope changes from positive to zero to negative, the point with the fastest curvature change is the inflection point, namely the peak;
step 5, performing fast Fourier transform on the photoplethysmogram waveform obtained in the step 3 to obtain frequency spectrum information and frequency domain characteristic parameters; characteristic parameters relevant to blood sugar are extracted. As shown in FIG. 5, the amplitudes of frequencies around 1.17Hz and 2.15Hz are denoted Af1、Af2A isf1、Af2As a characteristic parameter extracted by frequency domain analysis. Because the correlations between the frequency components of different individuals and the blood sugar fluctuate within a certain range, the first six peak frequencies with certain correlation with the blood sugar and the corresponding amplitudes thereof are extracted, the spectral peak information is analyzed by using principal component analysis, and the two principal components PC1 and PC2 are used as frequency domain characteristic parameters to represent the main information of 6 spectral peaks;
and 6, performing correlation analysis on the extracted characteristic parameters and the real blood glucose values, finding that the extracted characteristic parameters and the real blood glucose values meet normal distribution, and showing that the extracted characteristic parameters are closely related to the real blood glucose values and can be used for establishing a subsequent blood glucose model. The specific formula of the correlation analysis is as follows:
Figure BDA0003226590420000071
wherein: x and Y are two variable factors for correlation analysis, and Cov (X and Y) is the covariance between X and Y variables; d (X), D (Y) is the variance of X and Y. The selected time domain characteristic parameters comprise: end time t of single-cycle pulse wavea’Dominant wave amplitude hbMajor wave rise time tbAnd the start time t of the dicrotic waveeRatio t of2(ii) a The frequency domain characteristic parameters are as follows: amplitude A of frequencies around 1.17Hzf1Amplitude A of a frequency around 2.15Hzf2Two principal components PC1, PC2 representing spectral peak information;
and 7, performing machine learning modeling by using the obtained characteristic parameters and the actually measured blood sugar value, establishing a genetic algorithm optimized BP neural network model, adjusting and optimizing the initial weight, the threshold and the coding mode of the neural network as shown in FIG. 6, calculating the fitness value of each individual by taking the sum of absolute errors predicted by the model as the fitness value, selecting an operation selection proportion selection method, and forming a new population by the individuals with better fitness. And obtaining a new individual by adopting a real number crossing method, and then selecting a certain gene of a certain individual for mutation to obtain the new individual. Judging whether the result meets the constraint condition, if not, returning to a determined fitness function, if so, recording the fitness of the optimal individual, then taking the optimal individual generated by evolution as the initial weight and the threshold value of a neural network to predict the blood glucose concentration, taking the invasively collected blood glucose value as the true value, evaluating the prediction error of the model, determining the model parameters by using cross validation of ten folds, and dividing 355 groups of data into 3: 1: 1, training models of 213 groups of training sets, 71 groups of verification sets and 71 groups of test sets by using the training sets and the verification sets, putting the 71 groups of test sets into a model with the minimum training error to obtain the actual blood glucose value of the output result of the GA-BP neural network and the predicted blood glucose value of the model, wherein the actual blood glucose value and the predicted blood glucose value of the model are shown in figure 7, and analyzing the predicted result of the model;
and 8, using international general Parkers grid error analysis to predict the error and clinical risk of the blood sugar value and the actual blood sugar value, wherein 80.3 percent of prediction results are in a clinically accurate area in an area A and 19.7 percent of prediction results are in a clinically acceptable area in an area B, and the results show that the noninvasive blood sugar detection technology has feasibility.
While specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that this is by way of example only, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these changes and modifications are within the scope of the invention.

Claims (5)

1.一种基于时频域综合分析的无创血糖检测方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:1. a non-invasive blood glucose detection method based on time-frequency domain comprehensive analysis, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: 步骤1,使用指夹式光电传感器采集人体脉搏波信号,获取的光电容积脉搏波信号中还包含着肌电干扰、运动伪差、呼吸、工频干扰等噪声,同时进行OGTT实验,使用便携式血糖仪采集指尖血糖浓度;Step 1. Use a finger-clip photoelectric sensor to collect the human pulse wave signal. The obtained photoelectric volume pulse wave signal also contains noise such as EMG interference, motion artifact, respiration, and power frequency interference. At the same time, the OGTT experiment is carried out, using a portable blood glucose The meter collects the blood glucose concentration at the fingertip; 步骤2,通过小波阈值法、曲线拟合法对步骤1获得的光电容积脉搏波信号进行预处理,滤除噪声、基线漂移、偶然误差,获得较为纯净的光电容积脉搏波信号;Step 2, pre-processing the photoplethysmography signal obtained in step 1 by the wavelet threshold method and the curve fitting method, filtering out noise, baseline drift, and accidental errors, and obtaining a relatively pure photoplethysmography signal; 步骤3,使用聚类分析从步骤2获得的较为纯净的若干个周期的光电容积脉搏波信号中提取代表波形,消除失真波形对脉搏波时域、频域分析的影响;Step 3, using cluster analysis to extract representative waveforms from the relatively pure photoplethysmographic pulse wave signals of several cycles obtained in step 2, to eliminate the influence of distorted waveforms on pulse wave time domain and frequency domain analysis; 步骤4,对步骤3得到的代表波形进行时域分析,提取具有生理意义的特征点及特征参数;使用差分阈值法检测脉搏波中的极值点,通过设定时间阈值,确定拐点出现的位置范围,结合拐点附近斜率的特点确定拐点,当斜率由负到零再到正,其中曲率变化最快的点为拐点:即波谷;反之,当斜率由正到零再到负的过程中,曲率变化最快的点为拐点:即波峰;Step 4, perform time domain analysis on the representative waveform obtained in step 3, and extract the characteristic points and characteristic parameters with physiological significance; use the differential threshold method to detect the extreme point in the pulse wave, and determine the position of the inflection point by setting the time threshold The range, combined with the characteristics of the slope near the inflection point, determines the inflection point. When the slope changes from negative to zero and then to positive, the point with the fastest curvature change is the inflection point: the trough; on the contrary, when the slope changes from positive to zero to negative, the curvature The fastest changing point is the inflection point: the wave crest; 步骤5,对步骤3得到的代表波形进行快速傅里叶变换,获取频谱信息及频域特征参数,提取出与血糖有相关性的特征参数;Step 5, perform fast Fourier transform on the representative waveform obtained in step 3, obtain spectrum information and frequency domain characteristic parameters, and extract characteristic parameters relevant to blood sugar; 步骤6,对提取的特征参数与真实血糖值进行相关性分析;Step 6, performing correlation analysis on the extracted characteristic parameters and the real blood glucose value; 步骤7,使用得到的特征参数与实测血糖值进行机器学习建模,建立遗传算法优化BP神经网络模型,预测血糖浓度,将有创采集的血糖值作为真值,评估模型预测误差;Step 7, using the obtained characteristic parameters and the measured blood glucose value to perform machine learning modeling, establish a genetic algorithm to optimize the BP neural network model, predict the blood glucose concentration, and use the invasively collected blood glucose value as the true value to evaluate the model prediction error; 步骤8,使用国际通用的Parkers网格误差分析预测血糖值与实际血糖值的误差与临床风险。Step 8: Use the internationally accepted Parkers grid error analysis to analyze the error and clinical risk between the predicted blood sugar value and the actual blood sugar value. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于时频域综合分析的无创血糖检测方法,其特征在于,所述步骤4中提取3个具有生理意义的特征点及特征参数,单周脉搏波结束时间ta’,主波波幅hb,主波上升时间tb与重搏波起始时间te之比t22. a kind of non-invasive blood glucose detection method based on time-frequency domain comprehensive analysis according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step 4, extract 3 characteristic points and characteristic parameters with physiological significance, and the pulse wave of a single week ends Time ta ' , main wave amplitude h b , ratio t 2 of main wave rise time t b and dichotomous wave start time t e . 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于时频域综合分析的无创血糖检测方法,其特征在于,所述步骤5中1.17Hz与2.15Hz附近频率的幅值分别表示为Af1、Af2,将Af1、Af2作为频域分析提取的特征参数,由于不同个体的频率分量与血糖的相关性在一定范围内波动,提取前六个与血糖具有一定相关性的波峰频率及其对应的幅值,使用主成分分析对谱峰信息进行分析,利用两个主成分PC1、PC2作为频域特征参数来表示6个谱峰的主要信息。3. a kind of non-invasive blood sugar detection method based on time-frequency domain comprehensive analysis according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step 5, the amplitude value of frequency near 1.17Hz and 2.15Hz is respectively expressed as A f1 , A f2 , A f1 and A f2 are used as the characteristic parameters extracted by frequency domain analysis. Since the correlation between the frequency components of different individuals and blood sugar fluctuates within a certain range, the first six peak frequencies with a certain correlation with blood sugar and their corresponding peak frequencies are extracted. Amplitude, using principal component analysis to analyze the spectral peak information, using two principal components PC1, PC2 as frequency domain characteristic parameters to represent the main information of the six spectral peaks. 4.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于时频域综合分析的无创血糖检测方法,其特征在于,步骤6所述的相关性分析用于判断两个变量间的关联程度,变量满足正态分布,对提取的特征参数与真实血糖值进行相关性分析,其公式为:4. a kind of non-invasive blood sugar detection method based on time-frequency domain comprehensive analysis according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the correlation analysis described in step 6 is used for judging the degree of association between two variables, and the variable satisfies normality distribution, and the correlation analysis between the extracted characteristic parameters and the real blood glucose value is carried out, and the formula is:
Figure FDA0003226590410000021
Figure FDA0003226590410000021
其中:X,Y为两个进行相关性分析的变量因素,Cov(X,Y)为X,Y变量之间的协方差;D(X),D(Y)为X,Y的方差;选取的时域特征参数有:单周脉搏波结束时间ta’,主波波幅hb,主波上升时间tb与重搏波起始时间te之比t2;频域特征参数有:1.17Hz附近频率的幅值Af1,2.15Hz附近频率的幅值Af2,代表谱峰信息的两个主成分PC1,PC2。Among them: X, Y are two variable factors for correlation analysis, Cov(X, Y) is the covariance between X, Y variables; D(X), D(Y) is the variance of X, Y; The time-domain characteristic parameters of the pulse wave are: the end time ta ' of the single-cycle pulse wave, the main wave amplitude h b , the ratio t 2 between the main wave rising time t b and the dichotomous wave start time t 2 ; the frequency domain characteristic parameters are: 1.17 The amplitude A f1 of the frequency near Hz and the amplitude A f2 of the frequency near 2.15 Hz represent the two principal components PC1 and PC2 of the spectral peak information.
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于时频域综合分析的无创血糖检测方法,其特征在于,所述步骤7的具体做法为:5. a kind of non-invasive blood glucose detection method based on time-frequency domain comprehensive analysis according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the concrete practice of described step 7 is: 对神经网络的初始权值及阈值以及编码方式进行调整优化,将模型预测的绝对误差和作为适应度值计算每个个体的适应度值,选择操作选择比例选择方法,适应度较优的个体组成新的种群,采用实数交叉法得到新的个体再选取某个个体的某个基因进行变异,得到新的个体,判断结果是否满足约束条件,若不满足将返回确定适应度函数,若满足则记录最优个体适应度,再将进化产生的最优个体作为神经网络的初始权值、阈值预测血糖浓度,将有创采集的血糖值作为真值,评估模型预测误差,使用十折交叉验证确定模型参数,将355组数据分为3:1:1,其中213组训练集,71组验证集,71组测试集,使用训练集与验证集训练模型,将71组测试集投入训练误差最小的模型,分析模型预测结果。Adjust and optimize the initial weights, thresholds and coding methods of the neural network, use the sum of the absolute errors predicted by the model as the fitness value to calculate the fitness value of each individual, select the operation selection ratio selection method, and make up individuals with better fitness For a new population, use the real number crossover method to obtain a new individual, and then select a gene of an individual to mutate to obtain a new individual, and judge whether the result satisfies the constraint conditions. The optimal individual fitness, and then the optimal individual generated by evolution is used as the initial weight and threshold of the neural network to predict the blood glucose concentration, and the blood glucose value collected invasively is used as the true value to evaluate the prediction error of the model, and use ten-fold cross-validation to determine the model. parameters, divide 355 sets of data into 3:1:1, of which 213 sets of training sets, 71 sets of validation sets, and 71 sets of test sets, use training sets and validation sets to train models, and put 71 sets of test sets into the model with the smallest training error , analyze the model prediction results.
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