CN113662197A - Indigestible starch-based bionic structure, and processing method and application thereof - Google Patents
Indigestible starch-based bionic structure, and processing method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/20—Reducing nutritive value; Dietetic products with reduced nutritive value
- A23L33/21—Addition of substantially indigestible substances, e.g. dietary fibres
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/30—Physical treatment, e.g. electrical or magnetic means, wave energy or irradiation
- A23L5/32—Physical treatment, e.g. electrical or magnetic means, wave energy or irradiation using phonon wave energy, e.g. sound or ultrasonic waves
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Abstract
The invention discloses an indigestible starch-based bionic structure body, a processing method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of processing of nutritional and healthy food. The invention takes common starch as raw material, and prepares the indigestible starch-based bionic structure body by combining ultrasonic atomization with a bionic cell wall construction technology. The method is simple and convenient, the operation is safe and efficient, the obtained product has good nutritional and health benefits, the processing stability suitable for different application scenes is realized, the method can be applied to various fields such as functional special meals, special medical foods and sports foods, and the market prospect is wide.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an indigestible starch-based bionic structure body, a processing method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of processing of nutritional and healthy food.
Background
The residents in China take rice, wheat, corn and the like rich in starch as staple food, wherein the starch is the most main carbohydrate in the diet, 50-70% of energy is provided for the organisms, and the digestion and absorption characteristics and the postprandial metabolic reaction of the starch are closely related to a series of chronic diseases. In the context of chronic disease epidemics, the main task to improve the bioavailability of starch is to reduce the rate and extent of digestion of dietary starch. The semi-crystalline physical structure of starch is destroyed by the heat processing means in the conventional food processing process, i.e. the starch granules are gelatinized and transformed into a food with a high content of fast-digestible starch. Therefore, a new food processing technology is needed to efficiently and environmentally prepare the indigestible starch-based biomimetic structure to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a processing method of an indigestible starch-based bionic structure, and the product has good nutritional and health benefits, has processing stability suitable for different application scenes, and can be applied to various fields such as functional special meals, special medical foods, sports foods and the like. The processing method has the advantages of advanced technology, simple and convenient process, safety, environmental protection, continuous production and the like, and is easy for industrial production.
The invention aims to provide a processing method of an indigestible starch-based bionic structure, which comprises the following steps of constructing a cell wall structure in a coaxial ultrasonic atomization bionic manner: and ultrasonically mixing and atomizing the starch water suspension and the natural high-molecular polysaccharide aqueous solution, collecting 10-400 mu m droplet microspheres to a buffer salt solution system for solidification, and centrifugally drying to obtain the indigestible starch-based bionic structure.
As an embodiment of the invention, the ultrasonic power in the ultrasonic mixed atomization is 25-120 kHz.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the starch aqueous suspension is prepared by: mixing common starch and water uniformly to obtain a suspension; wherein the mass ratio of the common starch to the water is 1:10-1: 100.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the common starch is one or more of corn starch, wheat starch, rice starch, potato starch, tapioca starch, mung bean starch, sorghum starch, and oat starch.
As an embodiment of the invention, the natural high molecular polysaccharide aqueous solution is prepared by the following steps: dissolving natural high molecular polysaccharide in water at 25-80 deg.C to obtain uniform solution; wherein the mass ratio of the natural high molecular polysaccharide to the water is 0.05-2:100 (w/w).
In one embodiment of the present invention, the natural high molecular polysaccharide is one or more of pectin, β -glucan, arabinoxylan, konjac glucomannan, chitosan, hyaluronic acid, carrageenan, algin, gellan gum, curdlan, xanthan gum, gum arabic, and alginate.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the buffered salt solution has a pH ranging from 4 to 7.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the buffered salt solution has a mass to volume concentration of 0.5-4% (w/v); the buffered salt solution contains divalent or multivalent cations.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the divalent or multivalent cation is Ca2+、Sr2+、Zn2+、Al3+、Fe3+One or more of (a).
The second purpose of the invention is to provide the indigestible starch-based bionic structure which is prepared by the processing method, has the grain diameter of 10-400 mu m, accounts for more than 50 percent of total starch by slow digestion and anti-digestion nutritional fragments, and has the gelatinization temperature which is improved by more than 14 ℃ compared with the original starch.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the indigestible starch-based bionic structure body in the fields of functional special meals, special medical foods and sports foods.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the raw materials are easy to obtain, complex chemical reagents and expensive enzyme preparations are not needed, no reagent residues are left, and the method is green and environment-friendly; and the method has the advantages of simple and convenient process, easy operation, controllable reaction conditions, safe and efficient operation, and continuous and large-scale production.
2. The method takes starch as a raw material, is different from the scheme reported in the prior art, creatively prepares the indigestible starch-based bionic structure body by combining ultrasonic atomization with a bionic cell wall construction technology, and applies the coaxial ultrasonic atomization technology to the modification of the dietary starch for the first time. The particle size of the structure is controlled by regulating and controlling key parameters such as ultrasonic frequency, natural high-molecular polysaccharide proportion and the like, and the obtained product has good enzymolysis resistance, heat processing stability and a nutritional health regulation function.
3. The invention develops the high-nutritional-quality starch-based bionic structure body by utilizing abundant starch resources in China, the product can meet the nutritional requirements of different health requirements and consuming groups, is suitable for the processing stability of different application scenes, can be applied to various fields such as functional special meals, special medical foods, sports foods and the like, and has wide market prospect.
4. The product of the invention exerts the effect similar to whole grain food on human health, conforms to the strategic development plan of China's health, and has important significance on the high-quality development of modern nutritional food industry.
Drawings
FIG. 1 RVA gelatinization profiles (including a temperature rise profile, which is a broken line) of the raw corn starch (illustrated as raw starch) and the resulting starch-based biomimetic structures (illustrated as starch structures) of example 1.
FIG. 2 photomicrograph of the starch-based biomimetic structures prepared in example 1.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples and drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Determination of slow digestion and digestion resistant nutrient fragmentation:referring to the Englyst method, porcine pancreatic alpha-amylase (enzyme activity) manufactured by Sigma was used>5units/mg) and Aspergillus niger derived amyloglucosidase (enzyme activity)>260units/mL) and is subjected to hydrolysis reaction with a sample to be detected under the conditions of 37 ℃ and 150rpm, glucose generated by hydrolysis is measured by a glucose kit, and is multiplied by a conversion factor of 0.9 to calculate the starch hydrolysis rate of 20min and 120 min.
And (3) measuring gelatinization temperature:3g of a starch sample to be tested (moisture content 14%) is accurately weighed by using a standard method 61-02 provided by AACC, 25mL of distilled water is added, the mixture is stirred and blended into starch milk, and a rapid viscosity analyzer (Australian Botong company, model RVA4500) is used for testing. The specific measurement conditions were: maintaining at 50 deg.C for 1 min; increasing the temperature to 95 ℃ at a speed of 5 ℃/min (9 min); keeping at 95 deg.C for 7 min; dropping to 50 deg.C (7.5min) at 6 deg.C/min; keeping at 50 deg.C for 4.5min (temperature rise curve see FIG. 1); the stirrer was rotated at 960r/min for the first 10s and then maintained at 160 r/min.
Example 1:
weighing 100g of common corn starch, dispersing in 1000mL of water, weighing a proper amount of natural high molecular polysaccharide (pectin and sodium alginate in a mass ratio of 1: 1) in the water, and fully dissolving at 30 ℃ to obtain a uniform solution, wherein the mass ratio of the natural high molecular polysaccharide to the water is 1: 100; performing coaxial ultrasonic atomization on the two obtained solutions to construct a cell structure in a bionic manner: and (3) carrying out ultrasonic mixing atomization with power of 35kHz, collecting 100-micron droplet microspheres to a calcium ion buffer salt solution system with mass volume ratio concentration of 1% for solidification, and carrying out centrifugal drying treatment to obtain a target product, namely the starch-based bionic structure.
Through determination, the particle size of the starch-based bionic structure body obtained in example 1 is 240 microns, a physical barrier of a cell wall structure is constructed in a coaxial ultrasonic atomization bionic mode, digestive enzyme migration is prevented from contacting starch, swelling of starch particles by water in a heating process is inhibited, slowly-digestible and anti-digestible nutrient fragments account for 88% of the total starch, and the gelatinization temperature is increased by 17 ℃ compared with that of original corn starch (see figure 1).
Example 2:
weighing 50g of common potato starch, dispersing in 2000mL of water, weighing a proper amount of natural high molecular polysaccharide (carrageenan and sodium alginate with the mass ratio of 1: 2) in the water, and fully dissolving at 50 ℃ to obtain a uniform solution, wherein the mass ratio of the natural high molecular polysaccharide to the water is 2: 100; and performing coaxial ultrasonic atomization on the two solutions to biomimetically construct a cell structure, namely performing ultrasonic mixing atomization at the power of 80kHz, collecting liquid drop microspheres of 60 mu m to a calcium ion buffer salt solution system with the mass volume ratio concentration of 2%, solidifying, and performing centrifugal drying treatment to obtain a target product, namely a starch-based biomimetic structure.
Through determination, the grain diameter of the starch-based bionic structure body obtained in example 2 is 120 microns, the proportion of the slowly-digested and anti-digested nutrient fragments in the total starch is 74%, and the gelatinization temperature is improved by 14 ℃ compared with that of the original potato starch.
Example 3:
weighing 100g of common wheat starch, dispersing in 2000mL of water, weighing a proper amount of glucan in the water, and fully dissolving at 60 ℃ to obtain a uniform solution, wherein the mass ratio of the glucan to the water is 0.4: 100; and performing coaxial ultrasonic atomization on the two solutions to bionically construct a cell structure, namely performing ultrasonic mixing atomization at the power of 125kHz, collecting 25-micron droplet microspheres to a zinc ion buffer salt solution system with the mass-volume ratio concentration of 2%, curing, and performing centrifugal drying treatment to obtain a target product, namely a starch-based bionic structure.
Through determination, the grain diameter of the starch-based bionic structure body obtained in the example 3 is 70 μm, the proportion of the slowly digestible and anti-digestible nutrition fragments accounts for 82% of the total starch proportion, and the gelatinization temperature is increased by 15 ℃ compared with that of the original wheat starch.
In conclusion, the grain size of the starch-based bionic structure prepared by the method is 10-400 microns, wherein the slowly digestible and anti-digestible nutritional fragments account for more than 50% of the total starch, so that the starch-based bionic structure has good enzymolysis resistance and a nutritional health regulation function; the gelatinization temperature is improved by over 14 ℃ compared with that of the original starch, and the starch has good thermal processing stability.
In addition, the raw materials are easy to obtain, complex chemical reagents and expensive enzyme preparations are not needed, the technology is advanced, the starch is used as the raw material, the indigestible starch-based bionic structure body is constructed by a bionic means, no reagent residue is generated, and the environment is protected; and the process is simple and convenient, the operation is easy, the reaction condition is controllable, and the continuous and large-scale production can be realized.
The invention develops the high-nutritional-quality starch-based bionic structure body by utilizing abundant starch resources in China, the product can meet the nutritional requirements of different health requirements and consuming groups, is suitable for the processing stability of different application scenes, can be applied to various fields such as functional special meals, special medical foods, sports foods and the like, and has wide market prospect.
The product of the invention exerts the effect similar to whole grain food on human health, conforms to the strategic development plan of China's health, and has important significance on the high-quality development of modern nutritional food industry.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The processing method of the nondigestible starch-based bionic structure is characterized by comprising the following steps of coaxially ultrasonically atomizing and bionically constructing a cell wall structure: and ultrasonically mixing and atomizing the starch water suspension and the natural high-molecular polysaccharide aqueous solution, collecting 10-400 mu m droplet microspheres to a buffer salt solution system for solidification, and centrifugally drying to obtain the indigestible starch-based bionic structure.
2. The method for processing the indigestible starch-based biomimetic structure according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic power in the ultrasonic mixing atomization is 25-120 kHz.
3. The method for processing an indigestible starch-based biomimetic structure according to claim 1, wherein the starch water suspension is prepared by the following steps: mixing common starch and water uniformly to obtain a suspension; wherein the mass ratio of the common starch to the water is 1:10-100 (w/w).
4. The method of processing an indigestible starch-based biomimetic structure according to claim 3, wherein the common starch is one or more of corn starch, wheat starch, rice starch, potato starch, tapioca starch, mung bean starch, sorghum starch, and oat starch.
5. The method for processing the indigestible starch-based biomimetic structure according to claim 1, wherein the natural polymer polysaccharide aqueous solution is prepared by the following steps: dissolving natural high molecular polysaccharide in water at 25-80 deg.C to obtain uniform solution; wherein the mass ratio of the natural high molecular polysaccharide to the water is 0.05-2:100 (w/w).
6. The method for processing an indigestible starch-based biomimetic structure according to claim 5, wherein the natural polymeric polysaccharide is one or more of pectin, β -glucan, arabinoxylan, konjac glucomannan, chitosan, hyaluronic acid, carrageenan, algin, gellan gum, curdlan, xanthan gum, gum arabic, and alginate.
7. The method for processing an indigestible starch-based biomimetic structure according to claim 1, wherein the pH of the buffered salt solution is in the range of 4-7.
8. The method for processing an indigestible starch-based biomimetic structure according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the buffered salt solution is 0.5-4% (w/v); the buffered salt solution contains divalent or multivalent cations.
9. The nondigestible starch-based biomimetic structures prepared by the processing method of any of claims 1-8 and having a particle size of 10-400 μm, wherein the slowly digestible and digestion resistant nutritive fragments account for more than 50% of the total starch, and the gelatinization temperature is increased by 14 ℃ or more relative to the original starch.
10. The use of the indigestible starch-based biomimetic structure according to claim 9 in the field of functional specialty meal, specialty medical food, sports food.
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| CN102847494A (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2013-01-02 | 浙江医药高等专科学校 | Device and method for preparing pulsatile release microspheres |
| CN106962946A (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2017-07-21 | 江南大学 | It is a kind of that there is slowly digestible plan grain structure body construction method |
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| US20070196437A1 (en) * | 2005-12-06 | 2007-08-23 | Hamaker Bruce R | Slowly digesting starch and fermentable fiber |
| CN102847494A (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2013-01-02 | 浙江医药高等专科学校 | Device and method for preparing pulsatile release microspheres |
| CN106962946A (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2017-07-21 | 江南大学 | It is a kind of that there is slowly digestible plan grain structure body construction method |
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