CN113659998A - Wide dynamic anti-saturation low-noise circuit and control method - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/06—Receivers
- H04B1/16—Circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/06—Receivers
- H04B1/10—Means associated with receiver for limiting or suppressing noise or interference
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/06—Receivers
- H04B1/16—Circuits
- H04B1/1607—Supply circuits
- H04B1/1615—Switching on; Switching off, e.g. remotely
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/06—Receivers
- H04B1/16—Circuits
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wide dynamic anti-saturation low-noise circuit and a control method, wherein an input end 0 of an energy distribution circuit is connected with an antenna and receives an input signal S1 of the antenna, a main circuit output end 1 of the energy distribution circuit is connected with an input end of a low-noise amplifier through an amplitude limiting circuit, an output end of the low-noise amplifier is connected with a branch port 1 of an N-out-of-one switch network K1, a power supply end of the low-noise amplifier is connected with a source electrode of a power switch K2, a grid electrode of the power switch K2 is connected with a driving circuit, and a drain electrode of the power switch K2 is connected with a power supply; the port 0 of the N-selected switch network K1 is connected with a receiving back-end circuit, and the receiving back-end circuit sends out a processed output signal S2; the circuit of the invention has simple structure, stability and reliability, realizes the adjustable ultrahigh dynamic range of a receiving system in multiple gears, and the maximum input signal amplitude can break through the input P of the low noise amplifier‑1The limit of (2).
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of receiving of radar, communication and electronic countermeasure systems, in particular to a wide dynamic anti-saturation low-noise circuit and a control method.
Background
With the continuous development of radar and communication technologies, the performance requirements for the receiving system, especially the sensitivity and dynamic range of the receiving system, are continuously increased. A receiving system with excellent performance is required to have high sensitivity and a large dynamic range. When the bandwidth of the receiving system is fixed, the noise coefficient determines the sensitivity of the system, and the smaller the noise coefficient, the higher the sensitivity. In general, the low noise amplifier as a receive front end becomes a key to influence the noise system and dynamic range of the receiving system. On one hand, when the gain of the low-noise amplifier is high enough, the receiving back-end circuit has no significant influence on the noise coefficient of the system; on the other hand, the gain of the low noise amplifier is increased, and the input P is constant-1Will be reduced, which will affect the dynamic range of the receiving system.
In order to increase the dynamic range of the receiving system, an effective method is to add a digital controlled attenuator in front of the lna, when the input signal is smaller than the input P of the lna-1When the digital control attenuator is not attenuated, when the input signal is greater than the input P of the low noise amplifier-1When the system is in use, the numerical control attenuator starts to attenuate, so that the dynamic range of the system is expanded. However, the insertion loss of the numerical control attenuator is about 2dB, so that the noise coefficient of the system is increased by a corresponding value, and the sensitivity of the whole system is deteriorated; in addition, the power endurance of the numerical control attenuator is usually about 30dBm, which limits the application of the numerical control attenuator in a high-power situation and limits the further expansion of the dynamic range of a system.
Publication No. CN210518283U discloses a miniaturized high-sensitivity large-scale movementThe state broadband receiving device comprises an antenna, a protection circuit, a band-pass filter, a low-noise amplifier, a step attenuator and an analog-to-digital converter; the AGC circuit consists of a step attenuator to make the broadband receiver of this patent highly sensitive, but still having its maximum input signal amplitude subject to the low noise amplifier input P-1Limited and the single pole double throw switch in front of the low noise amplifier increases the noise figure of the system.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: a wide dynamic anti-saturation low noise circuit and a control method are provided.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a wide dynamic anti-saturation low-noise circuit comprises an energy distribution circuit, an amplitude limiting circuit, a low-noise amplifier, an N-out-of-one switch network K1, a receiving back-end circuit, a power switch K2, a driving circuit and a power supply;
the energy distribution circuit comprises an input end 0 and N output ends (N is more than or equal to 2), wherein the N output ends are a main circuit output end 1, a branch circuit output end 2, branch circuit output ends 3 and … and a branch circuit output end N;
the input end 0 of the energy distribution circuit is connected with the antenna, an input signal S1 of the antenna is received, the main circuit output end 1 of the energy distribution circuit is connected with the input end of the low-noise amplifier through an amplitude limiting circuit, the output end of the low-noise amplifier is connected with the branch port 1 of the one-out-of-N switch network K1, the power supply end of the low-noise amplifier is connected with the source electrode of a power switch K2, the grid electrode of the power switch K2 is connected with the driving circuit, and the drain electrode of the power switch K2 is connected with the power supply;
the branch output end 2, the branch output ends 3, … and the branch output end N of the energy distribution circuit are respectively connected with the branch port 2, the branch port 3, … and the branch port N of the N-selected switch network K1, the port 0 of the N-selected switch network K1 is connected with the receiving back-end circuit, and the receiving back-end circuit sends out a processed output signal S2.
The advantages are that: the circuit of the invention has simple structure, stability and reliability, realizes the adjustable ultrahigh dynamic range of a receiving system with multiple gears,and the maximum input signal amplitude can break through the input P of the low noise amplifier-1The limit of (2).
Preferably, the energy distribution circuit comprises one or more of a coupler, a power divider and a bridge.
Preferably, the coupling degree C2-CN of each branch port of the energy distribution circuit is more than 10dB, and C2 < C3 < … < CN is satisfied.
Preferably, the low noise amplifier comprises a silicon-based, gallium arsenide-based or gallium nitride-based semiconductor amplifier, and the input and output coupling degree Cp of the low noise amplifier is greater than 30dB and less than 60dB under the condition that the power supply is turned off.
Preferably, the ports of the N-out-of-one switch network K1 are isolated, and when the switch is switched to a certain port, the rest ports are connected with matched loads.
Preferably, the power switch K2 comprises a silicon-based, gallium arsenide-based or gallium nitride-based semiconductor switch tube, which is an N-type MOS tube or a P-type MOS tube.
Preferably, the receiving back-end circuit implements one or more functions of frequency conversion, amplification, filtering, gain control, analog-to-digital conversion, digital preprocessing and the like of the microwave radio frequency signal.
A control method of wide dynamic anti-saturation low noise circuit is disclosed, when the power of input signal S1 from antenna is less than input P of low noise amplifier-1The switch of the N-out-of-one switch network K1 is switched to the branch port 1, the power switch K2 is turned on, the power supply passes through the power switch K2 and then turns on the power supply end of the low noise amplifier, at this time, the low noise amplifier operates, the input signal S1 passes through the main branch port 1, the limiter circuit, the low noise amplifier, the N-out-of-one switch network K1 and the receiving rear-end circuit of the energy distribution circuit in sequence, the output signal S2 is finally sent out, and the signal power of each branch port of the energy distribution circuit is absorbed by the load.
Preferably, when the power of the input signal S1 from the antenna is greater than the input P of the low noise amplifier-1The switch of the N-out-of-one switch network K1 is switched to the branch port i, wherein i is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to N, the power switch K2 is turned off, the power supply is not connected with the power supply end of the low noise amplifier, therefore, the low noise amplifier does not work, and the input signal can pass through the power supply endA branch port i of the quantity distribution circuit sequentially passes through an N-selected switch network K1 and a receiving back-end circuit, and finally sends out an output signal S2; because C2 < C3 < … < CN, if the power of the input signal S1 continues to increase, so that the signal of the branch port i of the energy distribution circuit is saturated by the receiving back-end circuit, the N-selected switch network K1 is switched to the port j (i < j ≦ N), and the signal power of the other output ports of the energy distribution circuit is absorbed by the load.
Preferably, the switch of the N-out-of-one switch network K1 is switched to the branch port 1, the power switch K2 is turned off, the low noise amplifier does not operate, but there is input-output coupling, the input signal S1 passes through the main path port 1 of the energy distribution circuit, then passes through the limiter circuit, the input-output coupling of the low noise amplifier, the N-out-of-one switch network K1, the receiving rear-end circuit in sequence, and finally the output signal S2 is sent out, and the signal power of each branch port of the energy distribution circuit is absorbed by the load.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the circuit structure of the invention realizes the adjustable ultrahigh dynamic range of a receiving system in multiple gears, and the maximum input signal amplitude breaks through the input P of the low noise amplifier-1The power tolerance of the current amplitude limiter can reach hundreds of watts under the restriction of the power tolerance Pw of the amplitude limiter, so that the radio frequency signals with large dynamic ranges above the sensitivity and below the hundreds of watts can be received.
(2) The circuit structure of the invention designs the power distribution ratio of the main path port and the branch path port of the energy distribution circuit, can realize that the insertion loss of the main path port is lower than 0.3dB, and ensures that the noise coefficient of a link is equivalent to the index of a conventional receiving link when receiving small signal input.
(3) The mode switching response speed is high. The switching time of the radio frequency switch can be controlled within 10ns, and the influence of the turn-off time of the power supply modulation switch on the circuit is small (the signal in the turn-off process of the low-noise amplifier is directly absorbed by a load, and the influence is small because the isolation degree of the switch is large).
(4) The circuit provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, stability, reliability, convenience for monolithic integration and obvious cost advantage.
(5) The application frequency range is wide. The circuit structure can be applied to radio frequency, microwave and millimeter wave receiving systems, and the frequency range covers from a meter wave band to a W wave band.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit connection diagram according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a transmission diagram under a small input signal condition according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a transmission diagram of the control method 1 under a large input signal condition according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a transmission diagram of control mode 2 under a large input signal condition according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate the understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention for those skilled in the art, the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described with reference to the drawings attached to the specification.
The terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment discloses a wide dynamic anti-saturation low-noise circuit, which includes an energy distribution circuit, a limiting circuit, a low-noise amplifier, an N-out-of-one switch network K1, a receiving back-end circuit, a power switch K2, a driving circuit, and a power supply;
the energy distribution circuit comprises an input end 0 and N output ends (N is more than or equal to 2), wherein the N output ends are a main circuit output end 1, a branch circuit output end 2, branch circuit output ends 3 and … and a branch circuit output end N;
the input end 0 of the energy distribution circuit is connected with the antenna and is used for receiving an input signal S1 from the antenna;
the output end 1 of the main circuit of the energy distribution circuit is connected with the input end of the low-noise amplifier through an amplitude limiting circuit, the output end of the low-noise amplifier is connected with a branch port 1 of an N-out-of-one switch network K1, the power supply end of the low-noise amplifier is connected with the source electrode of a power switch K2, the grid electrode of the power switch K2 is connected with a driving circuit, and the drain electrode of the power switch K2 is connected with a power supply;
the branch output end 2, the branch output ends 3, … and the branch output end N of the energy distribution circuit are respectively connected with the branch port 2, the branch port 3, … and the branch port N of the N-selected switch network K1, the port 0 of the N-selected switch network K1 is connected with the receiving back-end circuit, and the receiving back-end circuit sends out a processed output signal S2.
The energy distribution circuit comprises but is not limited to one or more combinations of a coupler, a power divider, an electric bridge and the like, and divides an input signal S1 into a main branch port 1 output, a branch port 2 output, a branch port 3 output, a branch port … and a branch port N output which are N-path outputs; the insertion loss of the main branch port 1 is as small as possible, the insertion loss is generally less than 0.5dB, the coupling degree C2-CN of each branch port cannot be too low and is generally more than 10dB, and the requirement that C2 is more than C3 and more than … is more than CN is met.
The limiter circuit is active or passive, and has low insertion loss and high power tolerance Pw.
The low noise amplifier includes but is not limited to silicon-based, gallium arsenide-based, gallium nitride-based and other semiconductor amplifiers, including one-stage or multi-stage amplification, the low noise amplifier should have a low noise coefficient NF and a high power gain Gp, and when the low noise amplifier is powered off, the input and output have weak power coupling, and the coupling degree is Cp, which is generally greater than 30dB and less than 60 dB.
The N-out-of-one switch network K1 has high isolation among the ports, and when the switch is switched to a certain port, the other ports are connected with matched loads.
The power switch K2 includes, but is not limited to, silicon-based, gallium arsenide-based, gallium nitride-based, and other semiconductor switching devices, which may be either N-type MOS devices or P-type MOS devices.
The receiving back-end circuit can realize one or more functions of frequency conversion, amplification, filtering, gain control, analog-to-digital conversion, digital preprocessing and the like of microwave radio frequency signals.
The embodiment also provides a control method of the wide dynamic anti-saturation low-noise circuit, which comprises the following steps:
(1) when the power of the input signal S1 from the antenna is less than the input P of the low noise amplifier-1As shown in fig. 2, the switch of the one-out-of-N switch network K1 is switched to the branch port 1, the power switch K2 is turned on, the power supply passes through the power switch K2 and then turns on the power supply terminal of the low noise amplifier, at this time, the low noise amplifier operates, the input signal S1 passes through the main port 1, the limiter circuit, the low noise amplifier, the one-out-of-N switch network K1 and the receiving back-end circuit of the energy distribution circuit in sequence, and finally the output signal S2 is sent out, and the signal power of each branch port of the energy distribution circuit is absorbed by the load.
(2) When the power of the input signal S1 from the antenna is larger than the input P of the low noise amplifier-1The following two control modes are adopted to receive signals:
as shown in fig. 3, the switch of the N-out-of-one switch network K1 is switched to the branch port i, where i is greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to N, the power switch K2 is turned off, and the power supply is not connected to the power supply terminal of the low noise amplifier, so that the low noise amplifier does not operate, an input signal passes through the branch port i of the energy distribution circuit, then passes through the N-out-of-one switch network K1 in sequence, receives the back-end circuit, and finally sends out an output signal S2; because C2 < C3 < … < CN, if the power of the input signal S1 continues to increase, so that the signal of the branch port i of the energy distribution circuit is saturated by the receiving back-end circuit, the N-selected switch network K1 is switched to the port j (i < j ≦ N), and the signal power of the other output ports of the energy distribution circuit is absorbed by the load.
As shown in fig. 4, the switch of the N-out-of-one switch network K1 is switched to the branch port 1, the power switch K2 is turned off, the low noise amplifier does not operate, but there is input-output coupling, the input signal S1 passes through the main branch port 1 of the energy distribution circuit, then passes through the limiter circuit, the input-output coupling of the low noise amplifier, the N-out-of-one switch network K1, the receiving back-end circuit in sequence, and finally the output signal S2 is sent out, and the signal power of each branch port of the energy distribution circuit is absorbed by the load.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein, and any reference signs in the claims are not intended to be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
The above-mentioned embodiments only represent embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these embodiments are all within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A wide dynamic anti-saturation low noise circuit, comprising: the device comprises an energy distribution circuit, an amplitude limiting circuit, a low noise amplifier, an N-out-of-one switch network K1, a receiving back-end circuit, a power switch K2, a driving circuit and a power supply;
the energy distribution circuit comprises an input end 0 and N output ends (N is more than or equal to 2), wherein the N output ends are a main circuit output end 1, a branch circuit output end 2, branch circuit output ends 3 and … and a branch circuit output end N;
the input end 0 of the energy distribution circuit is connected with the antenna, an input signal S1 of the antenna is received, the main circuit output end 1 of the energy distribution circuit is connected with the input end of the low-noise amplifier through an amplitude limiting circuit, the output end of the low-noise amplifier is connected with the branch port 1 of the one-out-of-N switch network K1, the power supply end of the low-noise amplifier is connected with the source electrode of a power switch K2, the grid electrode of the power switch K2 is connected with the driving circuit, and the drain electrode of the power switch K2 is connected with the power supply;
the branch output end 2, the branch output ends 3, … and the branch output end N of the energy distribution circuit are respectively connected with the branch port 2, the branch port 3, … and the branch port N of the N-selected switch network K1, the port 0 of the N-selected switch network K1 is connected with the receiving back-end circuit, and the receiving back-end circuit sends out a processed output signal S2.
2. The wide dynamic anti-saturation low noise circuit according to claim 1, wherein: the energy distribution circuit comprises one or more combinations of couplers, power dividers and electric bridges.
3. The wide dynamic anti-saturation low noise circuit according to claim 1, wherein: the coupling degree C2-CN of each branch port is more than 10dB, and C2 is more than C3 is more than … is more than CN.
4. The wide dynamic anti-saturation low noise circuit according to claim 1, wherein: the low noise amplifier comprises a silicon-based, gallium arsenide-based and gallium nitride-based semiconductor amplifier, and the input and output coupling degree Cp of the low noise amplifier is larger than 30dB and smaller than 60dB under the condition that the power supply is turned off.
5. The wide dynamic anti-saturation low noise circuit according to claim 1, wherein: and N is selected as one of the switch networks K1, the sub-ports are isolated, and when the switch is switched to a certain sub-port, the other sub-ports are connected with matched loads.
6. The wide dynamic anti-saturation low noise circuit according to claim 1, wherein: the power switch K2 comprises a silicon-based, gallium arsenide-based and gallium nitride-based semiconductor switch tube which is an N-type MOS tube or a P-type MOS tube.
7. The wide dynamic anti-saturation low noise circuit according to claim 1, wherein: the receiving back-end circuit realizes one or more functions of frequency conversion, amplification, filtering, gain control, analog-to-digital conversion, digital preprocessing and the like of microwave radio frequency signals.
8. The method for controlling a wide dynamic anti-saturation low noise circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: when the power of the input signal S1 from the antenna is less than the input P of the low noise amplifier-1The switch of the N-out-of-one switch network K1 is switched to the branch port 1, the power switch K2 is turned on, the power supply passes through the power switch K2 and then turns on the power supply end of the low noise amplifier, at this time, the low noise amplifier operates, the input signal S1 passes through the main branch port 1, the limiter circuit, the low noise amplifier, the N-out-of-one switch network K1 and the receiving rear-end circuit of the energy distribution circuit in sequence, the output signal S2 is finally sent out, and the signal power of each branch port of the energy distribution circuit is absorbed by the load.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein: when the power of the input signal S1 from the antenna is larger than the input P of the low noise amplifier-1The switch of the N-selected switch network K1 is switched to a branch port i, wherein i is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to N, the power switch K2 is turned off, and the power supply is not connected with the power supply end of the low noise amplifier, so that the low noise amplifier does not work, an input signal passes through a branch port i of the energy distribution circuit, then sequentially passes through the N-selected switch network K1, a receiving rear-end circuit and finally an output signal S2 is sent out; because C2 < C3 < … < CN, if the power of the input signal S1 continues to increase, so that the signal of the branch port i of the energy distribution circuit is saturated by the receiving back-end circuit, the N-selected switch network K1 is switched to the port j (i < j ≦ N), and the signal power of the other output ports of the energy distribution circuit is absorbed by the load.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein: when the power of the input signal S1 from the antenna is larger than the input P of the low noise amplifier-1The switch of the N-selected switch network K1 is switched to the branch port 1, the power switch K2 is turned off, the low noise amplifier does not work but has input and output coupling, an input signal S1 passes through the main path port 1 of the energy distribution circuit, then sequentially passes through the amplitude limiting circuit, the input and output coupling of the low noise amplifier, the N-selected switch network K1 and the receiving rear-end circuit, finally an output signal S2 is sent out, and the signal power of each branch path port of the energy distribution circuit is absorbed by the load.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115567070A (en) * | 2022-11-23 | 2023-01-03 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十九研究所 | Front end assembly capable of self-adapting to instantaneous dynamic expansion |
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| CN111510089A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-08-07 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十四研究所 | Low-noise amplification module with bypass function and control method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115567070A (en) * | 2022-11-23 | 2023-01-03 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十九研究所 | Front end assembly capable of self-adapting to instantaneous dynamic expansion |
| CN115567070B (en) * | 2022-11-23 | 2023-03-14 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十九研究所 | Front end assembly capable of self-adapting to instantaneous dynamic expansion |
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|---|---|
| CN113659998B (en) | 2023-03-14 |
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