CN113658723A - Cooling and water charging system - Google Patents
Cooling and water charging system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113658723A CN113658723A CN202010396772.7A CN202010396772A CN113658723A CN 113658723 A CN113658723 A CN 113658723A CN 202010396772 A CN202010396772 A CN 202010396772A CN 113658723 A CN113658723 A CN 113658723A
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- pipeline
- core
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- water
- heat exchanger
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/02—Arrangements or disposition of passages in which heat is transferred to the coolant; Coolant flow control devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/18—Emergency cooling arrangements; Removing shut-down heat
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Structure Of Emergency Protection For Nuclear Reactors (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a cooling and water replenishment system, the system comprising: the system comprises a refueling water tank, a heat exchanger, a spraying device, a first pipeline pump and a first pipeline; the heat exchanger and the first pipeline pump are arranged on the first pipeline, the hot sides of the refueling water tank and the reactor core are respectively connected with the input end of the first pipeline, and the spray device and the cold side of the reactor core are respectively connected with the output end of the first pipeline. The embodiment of the invention can improve the equipment utilization rate of the cooling and water supplementing system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear power, in particular to a cooling and water supplementing system.
Background
The core of a nuclear reactor, also called the core area, is made up of fuel assemblies arranged in a core grid with a certain grid. Due to the high temperature of the reactor core, when accidents such as main steam pipeline breakage or large break of a main pipeline of a reactor cooling system occur, the pressure and the temperature in a containment vessel in the nuclear power station can be rapidly increased. In the nuclear power station, a containment spraying system is arranged to reduce the pressure and the temperature in the containment, a reactor core cooling system is arranged to discharge the residual heat of the reactor core, and a water supplementing system is arranged to supplement water to the reactor core, so that the equipment utilization rate is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a cooling and water supplementing system, which aims to solve the problem that the equipment utilization rate of the cooling and water supplementing system is low.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a cooling and water replenishing system, including: the system comprises a refueling water tank, a heat exchanger, a spraying device, a first pipeline pump and a first pipeline; the heat exchanger and the first pipeline pump are arranged on the first pipeline, the hot sides of the refueling water tank and the reactor core are respectively connected with the input end of the first pipeline, and the cold sides of the spraying device and the reactor core are respectively connected with the output end of the first pipeline.
Optionally, a passive water replenishing device is further arranged in the system, the passive water replenishing device comprises a reactor cavity water injection water tank, the installation height of the reactor cavity water injection water tank is higher than the height of the reactor core, and the reactor cavity water injection water tank is connected with the cold side of the reactor core.
Optionally, the system includes a voltage stabilizer and a first pressure relief device, the voltage stabilizer is connected to the hot side of the reactor core, the first pressure relief device is disposed at one end of the voltage stabilizer, the voltage stabilizer is an existing voltage stabilizer of the nuclear power plant, and the first pressure relief device is an existing pressure relief device of the nuclear power plant.
Optionally, the pressure relief device is a safety valve or a blasting valve.
Optionally, the first pipeline pump is connected with an input end of the heat exchanger, and a first check valve is arranged between the first pipeline pump and the heat exchanger.
Optionally, a first regulating valve is further disposed in the first pipeline, and an input end of the first regulating valve is connected with an output end of the heat exchanger; the system also comprises a second pipeline, wherein the input end of the second pipeline is connected with the input end of the heat exchanger, the output end of the second pipeline is connected with the output end of the first regulating valve, and a second regulating valve is arranged on the second pipeline.
Optionally, at least 2 first isolation valves are connected in series between the refueling water tank and the input end of the first pipeline, at least 2 second isolation valves are connected in series between the hot side of the core and the input end of the first pipeline, and at least 2 third isolation valves are connected in parallel between the spraying device and the output end of the first pipeline.
Optionally, the spraying device is arranged in a containment vessel in the nuclear power plant, and the spraying device is a spraying ring pipe.
Optionally, the cold side of the core is connected to a pressure vessel outside the core, or the cold side of the core is connected to cold pipes of a reactor coolant system on the pressure vessel outside the core.
One of the above technical solutions has the following advantages or beneficial effects:
in the embodiment of the invention, the cooling and water supplementing system comprises: the system comprises a refueling water tank, a heat exchanger, a first pipeline pump of a spraying device and a first pipeline; the heat exchanger and the first pipeline pump are arranged on the first pipeline, the hot sides of the refueling water tank and the reactor core are respectively connected with the input end of the first pipeline, and the spray device and the cold side of the reactor core are respectively connected with the output end of the first pipeline. Compared with the prior art that the containment spraying system is arranged to reduce the pressure and the temperature in the containment, the reactor core cooling system is arranged to discharge the residual heat of the reactor core, and the water replenishing system is arranged to replenish water to the reactor core, the embodiment of the invention can improve the equipment utilization rate of the cooling and water replenishing system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a cooling and hydration system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of another cooling and water replenishment system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of another cooling and water replenishment system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a schematic diagram of a cooling and water replenishing system, as shown in fig. 1, including: the system comprises a refueling water tank 11, a heat exchanger 12, a spraying device 13, a first pipeline pump 19 and a first pipeline 14; the heat exchanger 12 and the first pipeline pump 19 are disposed on the first pipeline 14, the hot side a of the refueling water tank 11 and the hot side b of the core are respectively connected to the input end c of the first pipeline, and the spray device 13 and the cold side b of the core are respectively connected to the output end d of the first pipeline.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the water in the refueling water tank 11 passes through the heat exchanger 12 from the input end c of the first pipeline to the output end d of the first pipeline, and then is delivered to the cold side b of the core, so as to complete the water supplement of the core. When water passes through the heat exchanger 12, the heat exchanger 12 cools the water, and the temperature of the water is controlled within a preset range, so that the water supplemented to the cold side b of the core by the refueling water tank 11 is cooling water. When the coolant level in the reactor core is lowered due to a breach accident and the reactor core needs low-pressure emergency water replenishing, the cooling and water replenishing system achieves the water replenishing function of the reactor core through the steps.
The water in the hot side a of the core passes through the heat exchanger 12 from the input end c of the first pipeline to the output end d of the first pipeline, and then the cooling water is conveyed to the cold side b of the core to carry away the residual heat of the core, so that the core is cooled. When water passes through the heat exchanger 12, the heat exchanger 12 cools the water, and the temperature of the water is controlled within a preset range to form cooling water. The flow forms a circulation loop, and when the cooling water reaches the cold side b of the reactor core, the residual heat of the reactor core is taken out.
Due to the high temperature of the reactor core, when accidents such as main steam pipeline breakage or large break of a main pipeline of a reactor cooling system occur, the pressure and the temperature in a containment vessel in the nuclear power station can be rapidly increased. The water in the refueling water tank 11 passes through the heat exchanger 12 from the input end c of the first pipeline to the output end d of the first pipeline and then is conveyed to the spraying device 13, the spraying device 13 sprays cooling water into the containment, the pressure and the temperature in the containment are reduced, and the containment spraying function is realized.
The cooling and water replenishing system provided by the embodiment of the invention has the functions of realizing water replenishing of the reactor core, cooling of the reactor core and spraying of the containment vessel, and has various safety functions; the structure is simple, and the equipment is simplified; the redundancy is reduced while the cooling and water replenishing functions are realized. In the embodiment of the invention, when different safety functions are realized, facilities such as the heat exchanger 12, the first pipeline pump 19, part of pipelines and the like are shared, so that the equipment utilization rate is high, and the economical efficiency is good.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the on-off of the pipeline and the fluid flow can be controlled by arranging the valves such as the isolating valve, the check valve, the regulating valve and the like.
As an optional implementation manner, a passive water replenishing device is further provided in the system, as shown in fig. 2, the passive water replenishing device includes a reactor cavity water injection tank 15, the installation height of the reactor cavity water injection tank 15 is higher than the height of the core 16, and the reactor cavity water injection tank 15 is connected to the cold side b of the core.
In this embodiment, the installation height of the reactor cavity water injection tank 15 is higher than the height of the reactor core 16, a valve between the reactor cavity water injection tank 15 and the cold side b of the reactor core is opened, and water in the reactor cavity water injection tank 15 can be automatically injected into the reactor core 16 under the action of gravity, so that passive emergency water supplement is realized.
Under the condition that the reactor cavity water injection tank 15 is required to directly supplement water to the reactor core 16, the pressure and the temperature in the reactor core 16 are generally low, such as the shutdown stage of a nuclear power plant, and the liquid level of the coolant in the reactor core 16 is reduced. When the pressure and temperature within the core 16 are low, the heat exchanger 12 need not be used for cooling.
As an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the system includes a pressurizer 17 and a first pressure relief device 18, the pressurizer 17 is connected to the hot side a of the core, the first pressure relief device 18 is disposed at one end of the pressurizer 17, the pressurizer 17 is a pressurizer existing in the nuclear power plant itself, and the first pressure relief device 18 is a pressure relief device existing in the nuclear power plant itself.
In this embodiment, the type of the first pressure relief device 18 is not limited, and the pressure relief device 18 may be a safety valve or a burst valve, or may be an adjustable pressure relief device, which is not limited to this embodiment. And the cooling and water replenishing system also comprises a steam generator and a second pressure relief device on the secondary side of the steam generator, wherein the steam generator is a common steam generator of the nuclear power plant, and the second pressure relief device is a common pressure relief device of the nuclear power plant.
When the pressure of the reactor core 16 is high, the refueling water tank 11 is blocked from filling the reactor core 16, and at this time, the first pressure relief device 18 and the second pressure relief device relieve the pressure of the reactor core 16, so that the reactor core 16 is in a low-pressure condition, the refueling water tank 11 fills the reactor core 16 more easily, and the filling efficiency is higher.
The cooling and water replenishment system may preferentially perform the pressure relief function using the second pressure relief device and may perform the pressure relief function using the first pressure relief device 18 when the second pressure relief device fails. After the first pressure relief device 18 or the second pressure relief device reduces the pressure in the core 16 to a pressure value that can satisfy the lift of the first pipeline pump 19, the first pipeline pump 19 injects the water in the refueling water tank 11 into the core 16, and low-pressure emergency water replenishing for the core 16 is performed.
As an alternative embodiment, the pressure relief device 18 is a safety valve or a burst valve.
As an alternative implementation, as shown in fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of another cooling and water supplementing system according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the first pipe pump 19 is connected to an input end of the heat exchanger 12, and a first check valve 20 is disposed between the first pipe pump 19 and the heat exchanger 12.
When the cooling and water supplementing system realizes the functions of core water supplement, core cooling and containment spraying, the first pipeline pump 19 provides power for water delivery, and water supplementing and cooling efficiency is improved. The reactor cavity water injection tank 15 is directly connected with the cold side of the reactor core and does not pass through the first pipeline pump 19 and the heat exchanger 12 to supplement water passively.
The first check valve 20 is disposed between the first pipe pump 19 and the heat exchanger 12 to prevent water from flowing from the heat exchanger 12 to the first pipe pump 19, to ensure a unidirectional flow of water, and to prevent backflow.
In this embodiment, the number of check valves is not limited, and for example, a second check valve 21 may be disposed between the heat exchanger 12 and the cold side b of the core to prevent fluid in the cold side b of the core from flowing to the heat exchanger 12 and protect the heat exchanger 12. One or more check valves may be included in the cooling and water replenishment system.
As an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, a first regulating valve 22 is further disposed in the first pipeline, and an input end of the first regulating valve 22 is connected to an output end of the heat exchanger 12; the system further comprises a second pipeline 23, an input end of the second pipeline 23 is connected with an input end of the heat exchanger 12, an output end of the second pipeline 23 is connected with an output end of the first regulating valve 22, and a second regulating valve 24 is arranged on the second pipeline 23.
In this embodiment, the first regulating valve 22 is provided downstream of the heat exchanger 12, the second regulating valve 24 is provided in the bypass line, and the first regulating valve 22 and the second regulating valve 24 are used to regulate the flow rate of water passing through the heat exchanger 12, so as to satisfy the requirement of a limited cooling rate for the removal of residual core heat.
As an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, at least 2 first isolation valves 25 are connected in series between the refueling water tank 11 and the input end c of the first pipeline, at least 2 second isolation valves 26 are connected in series between the hot side a of the core and the input end of the first pipeline, and at least 2 third isolation valves 27 are connected in parallel between the spray device 13 and the output end d of the first pipeline.
In this embodiment, at least 2 first isolation valves 25 are connected in series between the refueling water tank 11 and the input end c of the first pipeline, and under a working condition that the pipeline between the refueling water tank 11 and the input end c of the first pipeline needs to be closed, if 1 of the first isolation valves 25 fails to close, another at least 1 first isolation valve 25 can be used for closing the pipeline, so as to prevent the pipeline from breaking and other consequences caused by untimely valve closing. Similarly, at least 2 second isolation valves 26 are connected in series between the hot side a of the core and the input c of the first pipe.
At least 2 third isolation valves 27 are connected in parallel between the spraying device 13 and the output end d of the first pipeline, and under the working condition that the pipeline between the spraying device 13 and the output end d of the first pipeline needs to be opened, if 1 of the third isolation valves 27 is opened and fails, at least 1 of the third isolation valves 27 can be used for opening the pipeline, so that the overhigh temperature and pressure in the containment vessel caused by untimely opening of the valves can be prevented.
The isolation valve is used to control the on-off of the pipeline fluid, it should be noted that other positions of the cooling and water replenishing system may be provided with the isolation valve, for example, a fourth isolation valve 28 may be provided on the second pipeline to control the on-off of the water in the second pipeline 23. The cooling and water replenishment system does not limit the number of isolation valves.
The cooling and water supplementing system can control and realize different safety functions by controlling the opening and closing state of the internal valve. For example, when the cooling and water replenishment system only needs to perform the containment spray function, the plant operator closes the second isolation valve 26, opens the first isolation valve 25, opens the third isolation valve 27, opens the valves in the first and second conduits, closes the valve between the output d of the first conduit to the cold side b of the core.
As an alternative embodiment, the spraying device 13 is disposed in a containment vessel in a nuclear power plant, and the spraying device 13 is a spray ring pipe.
The number of the spray devices 13 is not limited in this embodiment, and the number of the spray devices 13 may be set to 1 or more according to the core power and the size of the containment, and the water sprayed into the containment by the spray devices 13 covers the entire cross section of the containment.
As an alternative, the cold side of the core is connected to a pressure vessel outside the core, or the cold side of the core is connected to cold lines of the reactor coolant system on the pressure vessel outside the core.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the cold side b of the core may be directly connected to the pressure vessel outside the core, or may be connected to a cold pipe of a reactor coolant system on the pressure vessel outside the core. The cold side b of the reactor core is directly connected with the pressure vessel outside the reactor core, so that the influence of the rupture of the cold pipeline of the reactor coolant system can be avoided, and the safety is higher.
In the embodiment of the invention, the cooling and water supplementing system comprises: the system comprises a refueling water tank, a heat exchanger, a spraying device, a first pipeline pump and a first pipeline; the heat exchanger and the first pipeline pump are arranged on the first pipeline, the hot sides of the refueling water tank and the reactor core are respectively connected with the input end of the first pipeline, and the spray device and the cold side of the reactor core are respectively connected with the output end of the first pipeline. Compared with the prior art that the containment spraying system is arranged to reduce the pressure and the temperature in the containment, the reactor core cooling system is arranged to discharge the residual heat of the reactor core, and the water replenishing system is arranged to replenish water to the reactor core, the embodiment of the invention can improve the equipment utilization rate of the cooling and water replenishing system.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A cooling and water replenishment system, comprising: the system comprises a refueling water tank, a heat exchanger, a spraying device, a first pipeline pump and a first pipeline; the heat exchanger and the first pipeline pump are arranged on the first pipeline, the hot sides of the refueling water tank and the reactor core are respectively connected with the input end of the first pipeline, and the cold sides of the spraying device and the reactor core are respectively connected with the output end of the first pipeline.
2. The cooling and water makeup system according to claim 1, further comprising a passive water makeup device including a reactor cavity fill tank mounted at a height greater than the height of the core, the reactor cavity fill tank being connected to the cold side of the core.
3. The cooling and supplementing system of claim 1, wherein said system includes a pressurizer connected to the hot side of the core and a first pressure relief device provided at one end of said pressurizer, said pressurizer being an existing pressurizer of the nuclear power plant itself, and said first pressure relief device being an existing pressure relief device of the nuclear power plant itself.
4. The cooling and water replenishment system of claim 3, wherein the pressure relief device is a safety valve or a burst valve.
5. The cooling and water replenishment system of claim 1, wherein the first in-line pump is connected to an input of the heat exchanger, and a first check valve is disposed between the first in-line pump and the heat exchanger.
6. The cooling and water replenishment system of claim 5, wherein a first regulating valve is further disposed in the first conduit, an input of the first regulating valve being connected to an output of the heat exchanger;
the system also comprises a second pipeline, wherein the input end of the second pipeline is connected with the input end of the heat exchanger, the output end of the second pipeline is connected with the output end of the first regulating valve, and a second regulating valve is arranged on the second pipeline.
7. The cooling and water replenishment system of claim 1, wherein at least 2 first isolation valves are connected in series between the refueling water tank and the input end of the first conduit, at least 2 second isolation valves are connected in series between the hot side of the core and the input end of the first conduit, and at least 2 third isolation valves are connected in parallel between the spray device and the output end of the first conduit.
8. The cooling and water replenishment system of claim 1, wherein the spray assembly is disposed in a containment vessel in a nuclear power plant, the spray assembly being a spray collar.
9. The cooling and hydration system of claim 1 wherein the cold side of the core is connected to a pressure vessel outside the core or the cold side of the core is connected to cold conduits of a reactor coolant system on the outside core pressure vessel.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010396772.7A CN113658723A (en) | 2020-05-12 | 2020-05-12 | Cooling and water charging system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010396772.7A CN113658723A (en) | 2020-05-12 | 2020-05-12 | Cooling and water charging system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113658723A true CN113658723A (en) | 2021-11-16 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010396772.7A Pending CN113658723A (en) | 2020-05-12 | 2020-05-12 | Cooling and water charging system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113658723A (en) |
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2020
- 2020-05-12 CN CN202010396772.7A patent/CN113658723A/en active Pending
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