CN113655566A - Spatial light coupling method and coupling system for special photonic crystal fiber - Google Patents
Spatial light coupling method and coupling system for special photonic crystal fiber Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 239000004038 photonic crystal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 210000001747 pupil Anatomy 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012634 optical imaging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010191 image analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 235000016496 Panda oleosa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/262—Optical details of coupling light into, or out of, or between fibre ends, e.g. special fibre end shapes or associated optical elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/002—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of materials engineered to provide properties not available in nature, e.g. metamaterials
- G02B1/005—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of materials engineered to provide properties not available in nature, e.g. metamaterials made of photonic crystals or photonic band gap materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/32—Optical coupling means having lens focusing means positioned between opposed fibre ends
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Abstract
The invention provides a spatial light coupling method and a coupling system for a special photonic crystal fiber, which solve the problems that the existing special photonic crystal fiber is difficult to couple with spatial light, the coupling efficiency is low and the coupling precision is low. The space optical coupling system comprises a laser light source, a beam collimator, an optical focusing device, a target optical fiber, a three-dimensional adjusting device, an imaging device, a CCD detector and a data processing control device; the beam collimator, the optical focusing device, the target optical fiber, the imaging device and the CCD detector are sequentially arranged on an emergent light path of the laser light source; the three-dimensional adjusting device is arranged below the optical focusing device and used for adjusting the position of the three-dimensional space of the optical focusing device; the data processing control device receives the image acquired by the CCD detector, compares and processes the acquired image, and adjusts the position of the three-dimensional space of the optical focusing device through the three-dimensional adjusting device so that the space light is injected into the fiber core of the target optical fiber.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of fiber optics, and particularly relates to a spatial light coupling method and a spatial light coupling system for a special photonic crystal fiber.
Background
Photonic crystal fibers have found wide application in various fields. For example, the rare earth doped photonic crystal fiber is used for amplifying light pulses to obtain pulses with higher energy, the dispersion displacement characteristic of the photonic crystal fiber is used for realizing dispersion compensation of ultrashort pulses, the photonic crystal fiber is used for generating a supercontinuum, the photonic band gap photonic crystal fiber is used for realizing transmission of high-power pulses, and the photonic crystal fiber is used for realizing gas and pressure testing sensors.
The connection of common optical fibers adopts more fusion welding, and the mode can form an all-fiber structure, but the fusion welding of the photonic crystal fibers, especially the fusion welding of special photonic crystal fibers, is a very difficult problem to solve, and becomes one of the main technical difficulties of technical personnel. In many applications of lasers, spatial light is output more commonly, for example, light sources such as solid-state lasers and semiconductor lasers, and when special photonic crystal fibers (photonic band gap photonic crystal fibers, kagomie hollow photonic crystal fibers, and large-core-diameter polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fibers) cannot be fused, only a spatial coupling mode can be adopted.
For example, chinese patent CN10540633A discloses a spatial light beam coupling system and a closed-loop control method thereof, which increase closed-loop control by adopting a power monitoring mode in order to improve the working efficiency and the system stability during the coupling process, but when a special photonic crystal fiber is coupled by adopting such a mode, spatial light must be coupled into the fiber core diameter first, and the above-mentioned special fiber accurately and quickly couples light into the fiber core diameter is a difficult technical problem; secondly, the coupling mode can cause the condition that space light is coupled into a cladding of the special photonic crystal fiber, so that the coupling efficiency is low; finally, the coupling mode judges the coupling condition of the photonic crystal fiber through power, so that the coupling precision is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing special photonic crystal fiber is difficult to couple with space light, the coupling efficiency is low and the coupling precision is low, and provides a space light coupling method and a coupling system for the special photonic crystal fiber. The special photonic crystal fiber is solid, hollow and more complex photonic crystal fiber, such as photonic band gap photonic crystal fiber, kagomie hollow photonic crystal fiber and large-core polarization maintaining photonic crystal fiber.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a space optical coupling method for special photonic crystal fiber comprises the following steps:
collimating space light to be injected into a target optical fiber, wherein the diameter of a light spot of the collimated space light is larger than the diameter of a target optical fiber cladding, measuring the diameter and the divergence angle of the light spot of the collimated space light, and the target optical fiber is a special photonic crystal fiber;
step two, irradiating the collimated space light to the input end face of the target optical fiber, and building an imaging device at the output end of the target optical fiber, so that the output end face of the target optical fiber is imaged on a CCD detector through the imaging device to obtain an image of the end face of the target optical fiber;
step three, calculating parameters of an optical focusing device according to the diameter and the divergence angle of the light spot obtained in the step one, and placing the optical focusing device of the parameters between the light beam collimator and the input end face of the target optical fiber;
and step four, after the space light is collimated, imaging on the CCD detector sequentially through the optical focusing device, the target optical fiber and the imaging device, comparing the image acquired by the CCD detector with the image acquired in the step two, and adjusting the three-dimensional space position of the optical focusing device to enable the space light to be injected into the fiber core of the target optical fiber.
Furthermore, the special photonic crystal fiber is a photonic band gap photonic crystal fiber, a kagomie hollow photonic crystal fiber or a large-core-diameter polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber.
Meanwhile, the invention also provides a space optical coupling system for the special photonic crystal fiber, which comprises a laser light source, a beam collimator, an optical focusing device, a target fiber, a three-dimensional adjusting device, an imaging device, a CCD detector and a data processing control device; the beam collimator, the optical focusing device, the target optical fiber, the imaging device and the CCD detector are sequentially arranged on an emergent light path of the laser light source, and the target optical fiber is a special photonic crystal fiber; the three-dimensional adjusting device is arranged below the optical focusing device and used for adjusting the position of the three-dimensional space of the optical focusing device; the data processing control device is respectively connected with the three-dimensional adjusting device and the CCD detector, receives the images acquired by the CCD detector, compares and processes the acquired images, and adjusts the position of the three-dimensional space of the optical focusing device through the three-dimensional adjusting device so that the space light is injected into the fiber core of the target optical fiber.
Further, the beam collimator is an optical collimating lens with adjustable focal length and adjustable entrance pupil.
Furthermore, the imaging device mainly comprises a plurality of optical imaging lenses with adjustable focal lengths and adjustable entrance pupils, or the imaging device mainly comprises lenses or optical systems with focal lengths of 20 mm-50 mm and apertures of 25.4 mm-50.8 mm.
Further, the optical focusing device is mainly composed of a plurality of optical focusing lenses.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the system and the method of the invention compare the cross-section image of the optical fiber before coupling with the coupled image, and realize rapid adjustment through the data processing control device, can accurately couple the space light into the core diameter of the optical fiber, avoid the condition that the light is coupled into the cladding of the optical fiber due to monitoring the output power only, effectively improve the coupling efficiency, and promote the application of the special photonic crystal optical fiber.
2. The system and the method of the invention process the optical fiber images before and after coupling by adopting the image analysis technology, and effectively improve the coupling precision of the optical coupling process because the image analysis adopts the prior strict calculation analysis method.
3. The system and the method of the invention carry out image analysis on the section of the optical fiber, have no excessive requirement on the complexity of the section structure of the optical fiber, and can be widely applied to special photonic crystal fibers.
4. The system and the method of the invention adopt an image contrast mode to carry out space coupling, and simultaneously provide a way for carrying out coupling monitoring by adopting closed-loop control of image processing.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a spatial light coupling system for a specialty photonic crystal fiber according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a photonic crystal fiber of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a CCD detector with good PCF coupling of the photonic crystal fiber of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a control flow chart of the data processing control device according to the present invention.
Reference numerals: the system comprises a laser source 1, a beam collimator 2, an optical focusing device 3, a target fiber (PCF) 4, an imaging device 5, a CCD detector 6, a data processing control device 7 and a three-dimensional adjusting device 8.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only for explaining the technical principle of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a space optical coupling method and a coupling system for a special photonic crystal fiber, which particularly couple the special photonic crystal fiber and space light by adopting an image contrast technology, and particularly aim at the photonic crystal fiber with a complex fiber end face structure, such as: panda polarization maintaining photonic crystal, photonic band gap fiber and kagomie fiber. The method improves the space coupling working efficiency of the special photonic crystal fiber.
The space optical coupling system for the special photonic crystal fiber comprises a laser light source 1, a beam collimator 2, an optical focusing device 3, a three-dimensional adjusting device 8, an imaging device 5, a CCD detector 6 and a data processing control device 7; the beam collimator 2, the optical focusing device 3, the target optical fiber 4, the imaging device 5 and the CCD detector 6 are sequentially arranged on an emergent light path of the laser light source 1, and the target optical fiber 4 is a special photonic crystal optical fiber; the three-dimensional adjusting device 8 is disposed below the optical focusing device 3, and is used for adjusting the position of the optical focusing device 3 in three-dimensional space. The data processing control device 7 is respectively connected with the three-dimensional adjusting device 8 and the CCD detector 6, the data processing control device 7 receives the image acquired by the CCD detector 6, compares and processes the acquired image, and adjusts the position of the three-dimensional space of the optical focusing device 3 through the three-dimensional adjusting device 8, so that the space light is injected into the fiber core of the target optical fiber 4.
The beam collimator 2 may be an optical lens device with adjustable focal length and adjustable entrance pupil; the imaging device 5 is an optical unit with adjustable focal length, entrance pupil and exit pupil, which is composed of a plurality of lenses, similar to the beam collimator 2; the optical focusing device 3 is mainly composed of a plurality of optical focusing lenses.
The space optical coupling method for the special photonic crystal fiber provided by the invention specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, collimating the space light to be injected into the target optical fiber 4 through a beam collimator 2 to enable the diameter of the space light to reach millimeter magnitude, wherein the diameter of a light spot of the collimated space light needs to be larger than the diameter of a cladding of the target optical fiber 4, a relatively complete optical fiber end face cross section can be obtained in step two, and then measuring the diameter and the divergence angle of the collimated space light by adopting a CCD detector 6 according to the national standard GB/T32831-2016;
step two, irradiating the collimated space light to the input end face of the target optical fiber 4, and building an imaging device 5 at the output end of the target optical fiber 4, so that the output end face of the target optical fiber 4 is imaged on a CCD detector 6 through the imaging device 5 to obtain a clearer optical fiber end face structure image, namely an ideal image of the optical fiber end face;
clear structural images of the end face of the optical fiber, such as a panda eye in the polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber, a hollow-core photonic band gap photonic crystal fiber, a hollow core of a kagomie photonic crystal fiber and the like;
step three, calculating parameters of the optical focusing device 3 according to the parameters of the spot diameter and the divergence angle measurement obtained in the step one, the core diameter, the numerical aperture and the like of the target optical fiber 4, and placing the optical focusing device 3 with the parameters between the beam collimator 2 and the input end face of the target optical fiber 4;
in the step, the focal length, the entrance pupil size, the exit pupil size and the focused minimum light spot size of an optical system of the optical focusing device 3 are calculated by utilizing the transmission theory of Gaussian beams;
step four, after space light emitted by the laser is collimated, imaging is carried out on the CCD detector 6 sequentially through the optical focusing device 3, the target optical fiber 4 and the imaging device 5, an image obtained by the CCD detector 6 is compared with the image obtained in the step two to form a closed loop system, and the three-dimensional space position of the optical focusing device 3 is adjusted by observing the imaging image on the CCD detector 6, namely the position, the deflection angle and the focal length of the optical focusing device 3 are adjusted, so that the space light is injected into the fiber core of the target optical fiber 4;
in the step, when the image is compared, the image at the output end of the CCD detector after the optical focusing device is adjusted each time is detected and compared with the image at the end face of the optical fiber in the step two (the contrast parameters comprise the size of the light spot occupying the whole cross section of the optical fiber, the size of the light spot, the light intensity and the like), the optical focusing device is adjusted again after the comparison, and finally the condition that the image is close to an ideal image is achieved; the spot size can be measured by 4 sigma, blade method, etc.
The following description will be made of a specific embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings by taking a photonic crystal fiber as an example.
As shown in FIG. 1, the laser source 1 is a continuous laser source 1 having a wavelength of 1053nm, a spectral width of 5nm, an output fiber of 25/250, a core diameter of 25 μm, a numerical aperture of 0.08, and an output power of 200 mW; the light beam is collimated by a light beam collimator 2, and the diameter of the light beam is collimated to 2 mm-3 mm; the size and the divergence angle of the light spot are measured by adopting the CCD detector 6, and the transmission theory of Gaussian beams is utilized for calculation, so that the focal length, the entrance pupil and the exit pupil of the optical system of the optical focusing device 3 are obtained.
The collimated light beams directly irradiate the end face of the input end of the Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF), and part of the light beams are kept to enter the optical fiber to play a role in illumination. The core diameter of the photonic crystal fiber here is about 85 μm and the cladding diameter is 260 μm, and fig. 2 shows a cross-sectional image of the photonic crystal fiber.
Placing an imaging device 5 at the output tail end of the photonic crystal fiber, and adjusting the distance between the imaging device 5 and the special photonic crystal fiber to image the section of the output end face on a CCD detector 6 to obtain an ideal image of the end face of the Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF); the imaging device 5 can select a lens or an optical system with a focal length of 20mm to 50mm and an aperture of 25.4mm to 50.8mm as required, and in this embodiment, the imaging device 5 selects a lens with a focal length of 30mm and an aperture of 25.4 mm.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, an optical focusing device 3 is inserted into the input end face of the beam collimator 2 and the photonic crystal fiber, and is connected with a data processing control device 7, an image received by the CCD detector 6 is compared with an ideal image of the space light of the laser light source 1 injected into the special photonic crystal fiber, and the position of the optical focusing device 3 is adjusted to improve the condition of the space light input into the photonic crystal fiber, so that the space light is injected into the fiber core of the target fiber 4.
Claims (8)
1. A space optical coupling method for special photonic crystal fiber is characterized by comprising the following steps:
collimating space light to be injected into a target optical fiber by using a beam collimator, wherein the diameter of a light spot of the collimated space light is larger than the diameter of a target optical fiber cladding, measuring the diameter and the divergence angle of the light spot of the collimated space light, and the target optical fiber is a special photonic crystal optical fiber;
step two, irradiating the collimated space light to the input end face of the target optical fiber, and building an imaging device at the output end of the target optical fiber, so that the output end face of the target optical fiber is imaged on a CCD detector through the imaging device to obtain an image of the output end face of the target optical fiber;
step three, calculating parameters of an optical focusing device according to the diameter and the divergence angle of the light spot obtained in the step one, and placing the optical focusing device of the parameters between the light beam collimator and the input end face of the target optical fiber;
and step four, after the space light is collimated, imaging on the CCD detector sequentially through the optical focusing device, the target optical fiber and the imaging device, comparing the image acquired by the CCD detector with the image acquired in the step two, and adjusting the three-dimensional space position of the optical focusing device to enable the space light to be injected into the fiber core of the target optical fiber.
2. The spatial light coupling method for specialty photonic crystal fibers according to claim 1, wherein: in the first step, the space light to be injected into the target optical fiber is collimated by a beam collimator, so that the diameter of the collimated space light reaches millimeter magnitude.
3. The spatial light coupling method for specialty photonic crystal fibers according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the special photonic crystal fiber is a photonic band gap photonic crystal fiber, a kagomie hollow photonic crystal fiber or a large-core-diameter polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber.
4. A spatial light coupling system for special photonic crystal fibers, comprising: the device comprises a laser light source (1), a beam collimator (2), an optical focusing device (3), a target optical fiber (4), a three-dimensional adjusting device (8), an imaging device (5), a CCD detector (6) and a data processing control device (7);
the beam collimator (2), the optical focusing device (3), the target optical fiber (4), the imaging device (5) and the CCD detector (6) are sequentially arranged on an emergent light path of the laser light source (1), and the target optical fiber (4) is a special photonic crystal optical fiber;
the three-dimensional adjusting device (8) is arranged below the optical focusing device (3) and is used for adjusting the position of the three-dimensional space of the optical focusing device (3);
the data processing control device (7) is respectively connected with the three-dimensional adjusting device (8) and the CCD detector (6), the data processing control device (7) receives the image acquired by the CCD detector (6), compares and processes the acquired image, and adjusts the three-dimensional space position of the optical focusing device (3) through the three-dimensional adjusting device (8) so that space light is injected into the fiber core of the target optical fiber (4).
5. The spatial light coupling system for specialty photonic crystal fibers according to claim 4, wherein: the light beam collimator (2) is an optical collimating lens with adjustable focal length and adjustable entrance pupil.
6. The spatial light coupling system for specialty photonic crystal fibers according to claim 5, wherein: the imaging device (5) mainly comprises a plurality of optical imaging lenses with adjustable focal lengths and adjustable entrance pupils.
7. The spatial light coupling system for specialty photonic crystal fibers according to claim 5, wherein: the imaging device (5) mainly comprises a lens or an optical system with a focal length of 20-50 mm and a caliber of 25.4-50.8 mm.
8. The spatial light coupling system for specialty photonic crystal fibers according to any of claims 4 to 7, wherein: the optical focusing device (3) is mainly composed of a plurality of optical focusing lenses.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115248480A (en) * | 2022-09-22 | 2022-10-28 | 鹏城实验室 | Spatial light-optical fiber coupling device and method based on resolution target detection |
| CN115542474A (en) * | 2022-09-16 | 2022-12-30 | 飞秒激光研究中心（广州）有限公司 | Laser coupling system, control method, optical fiber fixing device and laser system |
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| CN105406334A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-03-16 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Spatial beam coupling system and closed-loop control method thereof |
| CN111969399A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-11-20 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Pulse self-compression system based on Kagome hollow photonic crystal fiber and coupling adjustment method thereof |
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2021
- 2021-07-29 CN CN202110864665.7A patent/CN113655566A/en active Pending
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| WO2008128678A1 (en) * | 2007-04-18 | 2008-10-30 | Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Device and method for coupling light in a fiber |
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Cited By (3)
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| CN115542474A (en) * | 2022-09-16 | 2022-12-30 | 飞秒激光研究中心（广州）有限公司 | Laser coupling system, control method, optical fiber fixing device and laser system |
| CN115248480A (en) * | 2022-09-22 | 2022-10-28 | 鹏城实验室 | Spatial light-optical fiber coupling device and method based on resolution target detection |
| CN115248480B (en) * | 2022-09-22 | 2022-11-29 | 鹏城实验室 | Spatial light-optical fiber coupling device and method based on resolution target detection |
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