CN113654999A - Surface water monitoring equipment, monitoring ship, monitoring system and pollution source tracing method - Google Patents
Surface water monitoring equipment, monitoring ship, monitoring system and pollution source tracing method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
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- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 abstract 1
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- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
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- G01N27/333—Ion-selective electrodes or membranes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B2035/002—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for for inland waters, e.g. for use on canals or rivers
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Abstract
本发明公开了地表水监测设备、监测船、监测系统及污染源溯源方法，属于污水监测领域。监测设备包括安装箱、循环取水装置、传感器和控制组件；循环取水装置固定安装在安装箱内，以使待监测的地表水流经所述安装箱；传感器固定安装在所述安装箱，以监测流经安装箱的地表水，并生成监测数据；控制组件固定安装在安装箱内，控制组件至少包括通信模块，通信模块与传感器电性连接以通过有线或者无线通讯网络发送监测数据。本发明结构设计合理，便于取水的同时，也能够及时采集地表水的信息并发送给远程服务器进行处理，从而降低了部署成本，适于网格化大量部署的同时，也便于进行移动部署。
The invention discloses surface water monitoring equipment, a monitoring ship, a monitoring system and a pollution source tracing method, and belongs to the field of sewage monitoring. The monitoring equipment includes an installation box, a circulating water intake device, a sensor and a control assembly; the circulating water intake device is fixedly installed in the installation box, so that the surface water to be monitored flows through the installation box; the sensor is fixedly installed in the installation box to monitor the flow The surface water passing through the installation box generates monitoring data; the control component is fixedly installed in the installation box, and the control component at least includes a communication module, which is electrically connected with the sensor to send monitoring data through a wired or wireless communication network. The invention has a reasonable structure design, is convenient for water intake, and can collect surface water information in time and send it to a remote server for processing, thereby reducing deployment costs, and is suitable for large-scale grid deployment and convenient for mobile deployment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water quality monitoring, in particular to surface water monitoring equipment, a monitoring ship, a monitoring system and a pollution source tracing method.
Background
Water quality monitoring is one of the earliest monitoring projects in the field of environmental monitoring. After decades of efforts, a series of methods for monitoring the pollutant monomer from the total amount are established in China. The monitoring mode is divided into two main modes, namely manual laboratory monitoring and continuous on-line monitoring at a fixed station.
1. Laboratory manual monitoring
The sampling of the manual monitoring method needs to use a large amount of manpower and material resources, and needs to consider the requirements of sampling consumables, sample storage, transportation and the like, so the sampling efficiency is low, generally monthly sampling monitoring is performed, the overall representativeness of data is poor, the unit section monitoring data quantity is small, dynamic change monitoring analysis of water quality is lacked, the change rule of continuity of the water quality of a river channel and a large data file are difficult to form, and the phenomenon of sudden change of the water quality is more difficult to find in time. With the great increase of the point positions and frequency of water quality monitoring, the traditional manual sampling monitoring analysis can not fully meet the requirements of current environmental management.
2. Continuous on-line monitoring of fixed stations
Since the data volume of manual monitoring is less, China gradually starts to establish surface water automatic monitoring stations on key monitoring sections of surface water from the nineties of the last century. The monitoring indexes of the relatively complete automatic online water quality monitoring station are five parameters (temperature, pH, turbidity, conductivity and DO) and technical indexes such as ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, permanganate index and the like, and the automatic online water quality monitoring station is used for preventing and early warning the water quality of a key section and realizing normalized water quality monitoring, so that the on-line monitoring station realizes the aim of all-weather monitoring for 24 hours and relatively comprehensively understands the change condition of the water quality.
The method has the defects of high construction cost, limited monitoring frequency (more than 2 hours), high maintenance cost and strong professional performance of the automatic water quality monitoring site, and does not have the feasibility of regional coverage and gridding deployment in view of the cost of manpower and material resources.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide surface water monitoring equipment, a monitoring ship, a monitoring system and a pollution source tracing method, aiming at solving the problem that a large amount of deployment is difficult due to the fact that water quality monitoring in the prior art is troublesome or high in cost and professional.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
in one aspect, the present invention provides a surface water monitoring device comprising
Installing a box;
the circulating water taking device is fixedly arranged in the installation box so as to enable surface water to be monitored to flow through the installation box;
a sensor fixedly mounted to the mounting box to monitor surface water flowing through the mounting box and generate monitoring data;
the control assembly is fixedly installed in the installation box and at least comprises a communication module, and the communication module is electrically connected with the sensor to send the monitoring data through a wired or wireless communication network;
wherein, the install bin includes outer box and can dismantle the connection and be in chamber door on the box, monitoring facilities still includes interior box, the one side of interior box is opened, just the open end of interior box can dismantle fixed connection on the inside wall of chamber door, control assembly fixed mounting be in the interior box.
Preferably, the circulating water taking device comprises an upper water pipe, a circulating groove and a lower water pipe which are connected in sequence, and the probe of the sensor is arranged on the circulating groove.
Furthermore, the circulating water taking device also comprises a flowmeter fixedly arranged on the water feeding pipe, the circulation groove and/or the sewer pipe.
Furthermore, the circulating water taking device also comprises a filtering device, the filtering device is positioned in the installation box, and the filtering device is installed on the water feeding pipe, or the filtering device is connected between the water feeding pipe and the circulation groove through a pipeline.
Preferably, the sensors are spectroscopic and ion selective electrode sensors.
Preferably, the control component is an industrial intelligent acquisition gateway.
In another aspect, the invention provides a surface water monitoring vessel comprising a hull and a surface water monitoring device as described above fixedly mounted on the hull.
In another aspect, the invention provides a surface water monitoring system, which includes the monitoring vessel and a data processing platform, wherein the data processing platform is in communication connection with the communication module, and is used for processing the received monitoring data to obtain the water quality condition of the surface water.
In still another aspect, the present invention provides a surface water pollution source tracing method, which is based on the system as described above, and includes:
the method comprises the steps that a data processing platform obtains monitoring data collected by monitoring equipment in the process of sailing of a monitoring ship, wherein the monitoring data comprises sensor data information and associated position information and time sequence information;
processing the sensor data information to obtain water quality information;
and processing the water quality information and the associated position information and time sequence information to obtain the source of the pollution source and/or the diffusion condition of the pollution source.
By adopting the technical scheme, due to the arrangement of the circulating water taking device, the surface water to be monitored can enter the installation box, and the surface water is monitored by the sensor arranged in the installation box, so that the monitoring data is obtained, and the monitoring data is sent out by the communication module in the control assembly, so that the data processing platform can process the monitoring data to obtain the water quality condition.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a surface water monitoring device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a surface water monitoring apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a surface water monitoring vessel according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a surface water monitoring system according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of a tracing method for surface water pollution sources according to the present invention.
In the figure, 10-surface water monitoring equipment, 1-installation box, 11-outer box body, 12-box door, 2-circulating water taking device, 21-water feeding pipe, 22-circulation groove, 23-water discharging pipe, 24-flowmeter, 25-filtering device, 3-sensor, 4-inner box body, 5-ship body, 6-data processing platform and 20-surface water detecting ship.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the description of the embodiments is provided to help understanding of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on structures shown in the drawings, and are only used for convenience in describing the present invention, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the technical scheme, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for referring to the same or similar structures or corresponding structures with similar functions, and are not used for ranking the importance of the structures, or comparing the sizes or other meanings.
In addition, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted" and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., the connection may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the two structures can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and the two structures can be communicated with each other. To those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in light of the present general concepts, in connection with the specific context of the scheme.
Example one
A surface water monitoring apparatus 10, as shown in figures 1-2, comprises an installation box 1, a water circulation intake device 2, a sensor 3 and a control assembly.
In this embodiment, the installation box 1 includes an outer box 11 and a box door 12 detachably connected to the box 11, wherein the outer box 11 is rectangular, one surface of the rectangular box is open, the box door 12 covers the open surface of the box 11, one side of the box door 12 is hinged to the box 11 through a hinge, and the other side of the box door is detachably fixed to the box 11 through a lock catch, a buckle or other structures.
The circulating water taking device 2 is fixedly installed in the installation box 1, so that surface water to be monitored flows through the installation box 1.
In this embodiment, the water circulation intake device 2 includes an upper water pipe 21, a circulation groove 22, and a lower water pipe 23 connected in this order. The circulation groove 22 is fixedly arranged in the outer box body 11, one end of the water feeding pipe 21 is connected with a water inlet of the circulation groove 22, the other end of the water feeding pipe 21 extends out of a through hole in the outer box body 11 so as to suck surface water from the outside, one end of the sewer pipe 23 is connected with a water outlet of the circulation groove 22, and the other end of the sewer pipe 23 extends out of the through hole in the outer box body 11 so as to discharge the surface water outwards. Wherein the probe of the sensor 3 is mounted on the flow channel 22 so as to collect data information of the surface water flowing therethrough and generate monitoring data.
In one embodiment, the water recycling device 2 further comprises a flow meter 24, the flow meter 24 is fixedly mounted on one or more of the water supply pipe 21, the flow groove 22 and the water discharge pipe 23, and the flow meter 24 is used for detecting whether the surface water normally flows through the water recycling device 2.
In one embodiment, the water recycling device 2 further comprises a filtering device 25, the filtering device 25 is located in the installation box 1, the filtering device 25 is installed on the water supply pipe 21, or the filtering device 25 is connected between the water supply pipe 21 and the circulation groove 22 through a pipeline. The filtering device 25 is used for filtering surface water and preventing impurities in the surface water from entering the circulation groove 22 so as to avoid blocking the sensor 3 and further influencing the detection precision.
It will be appreciated that in one embodiment, the water circulation intake device 2 comprises a water supply pipe 21, a filtering device 25, a flow meter 24, a flow trough 22 and a water discharge pipe 23 connected in series, wherein the filtering device 24 is configured as a filtering trough, or a sieve.
In one embodiment, the device 2 for circularly taking water is further provided with a circulating pump, which is installed at the end of the water feeding pipe 21 from the through hole of the outer box 11 to the water to take water, and the circulating pump is connected in series in the pipeline system composed of the water feeding pipe 21, the circulating groove 22 and the water discharging pipe 23, for example, the water suction section of the circulating pump is connected with the water feeding pipe 21, and the water discharging end is connected with the water inlet of the circulating groove 22. Alternatively, the water circulation intake device 2 takes water in an unpowered manner, for example, the water supply pipe 21 is obliquely arranged, and surface water is filled into the water circulation intake device by means of movement of the monitoring device (by using a structure bearing the monitoring device, such as a ship); another unpowered way of taking water is to arrange the monitoring device downstream and the inlet end of the water feeding pipe 21 upstream, so that the surface water flows through the water circulation taking device 2 by means of the natural fall of the surface water.
In the present embodiment, the sensor 3 is a spectroscopic sensor or an ion selective electrode sensor.
Control assembly fixed mounting is in install bin 1, and control assembly includes communication module at least, and communication module and sensor 3 electric connection, communication module are used for sending the monitoring data that sensor 3 generated through wired or wireless communication network. In this embodiment, the monitoring device 10 further includes an inner box 4, the inner box 4 is a rectangular shell structure with an open side, and the open end of the inner box 4 is detachably and fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the box door 12 through a screw or a bolt, so as to form a closed cavity, and the control component is fixedly installed in the inner box 4.
In this embodiment, the control assembly is an industrial intelligent acquisition gateway, and the sensor 3 transmits the generated monitoring data to the industrial intelligent acquisition gateway through an RS485 communication interface and a standard Modbus protocol, and then the industrial intelligent acquisition gateway transmits the related data to the outside through a wired or wireless network.
During the use, fix install bin 1 on boats and ships or fixed monitoring point, through circulating pump or unpowered water intaking mode, make surface water flow through upper hose 21, circulation groove 22 and downcomer 23 in proper order, sensor 3's probe carries out data acquisition to surface water, and generate monitoring data, and through RS485 communication interface and standard Modbus agreement, give industry intelligent acquisition gateway (control assembly) with the monitoring data transmission that it generated, transmit monitoring data to the external world through wired or wireless network by this industry intelligent acquisition gateway again.
Because manual operation is not needed, and the structural design of the device is simple and reasonable, the surface water monitoring device 10 provided by the invention not only can be deployed in a large quantity to form a monitoring network, but also can be deployed on carriers such as ships and the like to realize mobile deployment, thereby being convenient to monitor the motion of the surface water and improving the monitoring effect.
Example two
A surface water monitoring vessel 20, as shown in fig. 3, comprises a hull 5 and a surface water monitoring device 10 fixedly mounted on the hull 5, wherein the surface water monitoring device 10 is the surface water monitoring device disclosed in any of the above embodiments. The mounting box 10 is secured to the vessel 20, such as the stern or side of the vessel, near the surface water by brackets, preferably in the shape of a "bow", and screws or bolts to accommodate a variety of different types of hulls.
EXAMPLE III
A surface water monitoring system, as shown in fig. 4, includes a surface water monitoring vessel 20 and a data processing platform 6 in the above embodiments, and the data processing platform 6 is communicatively connected to a control component (i.e., a communication module). The data processing platform 6 is used for processing the received monitoring data so as to obtain the water quality condition of the surface water.
It can be understood that, usually, one data processing platform 6 corresponds to a plurality of surface water detecting ships 20, that is, a plurality of surface water detecting ships 20 collect surface water data at different places through sensors 3 to generate monitoring data, then send the monitoring data to the data processing platform 6 through respective equipped control components, and the data processing platform 6 processes the received monitoring data to obtain the water quality condition of the surface water at each place.
It will be appreciated that the data processing platform 6 generally comprises a processing module and a storage module, the processing module is mainly used for processing the monitoring data and generating the water quality condition of the surface water, and the storage module is used for storing the water quality condition of the surface water in various places and the original monitoring data.
In one embodiment, the surface water monitoring vessel 20, the surface water monitoring device 10 carried thereon, further includes a positioning module for determining a position and a clock module for timing, such as a GPS module, and the monitoring data transmitted from the surface water monitoring vessel 20 to the data processing platform 6 includes not only the data information of the surface water, but also the position information and timing information of the data information collection point of the surface water. Correspondingly, the data processing platform 6 processes the monitoring data, and after the water quality condition is obtained, the water quality condition also comprises position information and time sequence information, so that the water quality condition of the surface water with the time and position information can be conveniently displayed.
Example four
A method for tracing a surface water pollution source, which is based on the system in the third embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the method includes step S1, step S2 and step S3.
Step S1, the data processing platform acquires monitoring data acquired by monitoring equipment in the process of sailing of the monitoring ship, wherein the monitoring data comprises sensor data information and associated position information and time sequence information;
during the sailing process of the surface water monitoring ship 20, the surface water monitoring equipment 10 carried by the surface water monitoring ship continuously collects surface water data to form sensor data information, and then the relevant position information and time sequence information are supplemented to form monitoring data which are sent to the data processing platform 6.
Step S2, processing the sensor data information to obtain water quality information;
the data processing platform 6 processes the received monitoring data, specifically the sensor data information therein, so as to obtain water quality information.
And step S3, processing the water quality information and the associated position information and time sequence information, and determining the source of the pollution source and/or the diffusion condition of the pollution source.
It can be understood that, due to the water quality information and the associated position information and time sequence information, the water quality conditions (for example, the concentration of a certain pollutant) at various positions and various time points in a certain water area can be obtained, and accordingly, the distribution condition of the pollutant in a certain period can be seen, and the position of the pollutant source, namely, one or more places with the highest concentration can be confirmed according to the concentration relation; in addition, the direction and the range of the diffusion of the pollution source can be seen according to the concentration relation of the pollutants in each water area in each period.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and the scope of protection is still within the scope of the invention.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114111910A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-03-01 | 天津市水利科学研究院 | Pollution flux monitoring system for water system |
| CN114279975A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-04-05 | 江苏洋井环保服务有限公司 | Mobile pollution source tracing monitoring equipment and tracing method thereof |
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