CN113654932A - Air valve-valve seat friction wear testing machine and using method - Google Patents
Air valve-valve seat friction wear testing machine and using method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113654932A CN113654932A CN202110936704.XA CN202110936704A CN113654932A CN 113654932 A CN113654932 A CN 113654932A CN 202110936704 A CN202110936704 A CN 202110936704A CN 113654932 A CN113654932 A CN 113654932A
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- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/56—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The invention provides an air valve-valve seat friction wear testing machine and a use method thereof, wherein the testing machine comprises a supporting platform, a driving reset device, a rotating mechanism, an air valve, a valve seat, a heating device, a corrosion system and a cooling system, wherein the driving reset device, the rotating mechanism, the air valve, the valve seat, the heating device, the corrosion system and the cooling system are arranged on the supporting platform; the driving reset device is connected with the air valve and used for realizing the reciprocating opening and closing impact motion of the air valve, and the rotating mechanism is connected with the air valve and used for realizing the micro-motion rotation of the air valve and carrying out friction motion with the valve seat in the motion process of the air valve; the heating device is used for providing a high-temperature environment, the corrosion system is used for providing a corrosion atmosphere environment, and the cooling system is used for achieving cooling of the testing machine. The pneumatic valve can simulate the impact motion and the micro-motion rotation of the pneumatic valve, so that the pneumatic valve has the micro-motion rotation in the impact motion, and the motion form of a friction pair can be better simulated; can build high temperature and sulfur-containing corrosive atmosphere, and the working condition is closer to a real machine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of friction and wear tests, in particular to a gas valve-valve seat friction and wear testing machine and a using method thereof.
Background
The air valve-valve seat is one of friction pairs in an internal combustion engine with a severe working environment, is directly contacted with high-temperature and high-pressure fuel gas, and also bears corrosive wear caused by the fuel gas in continuous impact motion. Particularly, the exhaust valve is the worst in working condition and is the most important to be overhauled in the use of the actual internal combustion engine. In order to improve the frictional wear performance of the valve-valve seat, many manufacturers and researchers have researched and developed materials and processing technologies. Because the bench test is time-consuming and labor-consuming and has higher cost, the development of a friction wear testing machine for simulating the working condition and the movement form of the air valve-valve seat is particularly necessary. The abrasion form of the air valve-valve seat mainly comprises two types of sitting impact and micro-sliding, the air valve rotates along with micro-motion in the impact motion, and the environment atmosphere is mainly high-temperature and sulfur-containing corrosive gas. In order to simulate the working conditions, a novel air valve-valve seat friction wear testing machine is designed.
At present, most of the existing air valve-valve seat friction wear testing machines at home and abroad can only simulate the mode of air valve impact motion, and lack micromotion rotation. In addition, most of the testing machines only simulate high temperature and lack simulation factors of sulfur-containing corrosive atmosphere. The testing machine provided by the invention can simulate the impact motion and the micro-motion rotation of the air valve, can create high-temperature and sulfur-containing corrosive atmosphere, and has working conditions close to those of a real machine. And the air valve-valve seat pairing pairs with different models and sizes can be replaced, so that the practicability is stronger.
Disclosure of Invention
Most of the existing air valve-valve seat friction wear testing machines proposed above can only simulate the mode of air valve impact motion, and lack of micro-motion rotation; most of testing machines only simulate the technical problem of simulation factors of high temperature and lack of sulfur-containing corrosive atmosphere, and provide a gas valve-valve seat friction wear testing machine and a using method thereof. The invention mainly utilizes a speed regulating motor to drive a cam shaft to rotate, and the cam peach point rotates to make an air valve perform reciprocating open-close impact motion; the rotating mechanism realizes the micro-motion rotation of the air valve; the valve seat replacing tool is used for replacing valve seats with different sizes; the loading of the testing machine is changed by adjusting the elastic force of the spring; the temperature of the heating device is measured by a thermocouple; the corrosion system consists of an air inlet and outlet pipe and a sulfur-containing gas cylinder and is used for providing a corrosion atmosphere environment; the cooling system consists of a cooling water cavity, a circulating pump, a cooling water pipe and a cooling water bucket and is used for cooling the testing machine and protecting other parts at high temperature.
The technical means adopted by the invention are as follows:
an air valve-valve seat friction wear tester comprising: the testing machine comprises a supporting platform, a driving reset device, a rotating mechanism, an air valve, a valve seat, a heating device, a corrosion system and a cooling system, wherein the driving reset device, the rotating mechanism, the air valve, the valve seat, the heating device, the corrosion system and the cooling system are arranged on the supporting platform; the driving reset device is connected with the air valve and used for realizing reciprocating opening and closing impact motion of the air valve, and the rotating mechanism is connected with the air valve and used for realizing micro-motion rotation of the air valve, so that the air valve has micro-motion rotation in the impact motion and simulates the motion form of a friction pair between the air valve and a valve seat (the air valve performs friction motion with the valve seat in the motion process); heating device is used for providing the high temperature environment, corrosion system is used for providing corrosive atmosphere environment, cooling system is used for realizing the cooling of testing machine.
Furthermore, the driving reset device is arranged above the supporting platform and consists of a speed regulating motor, a belt wheel, a protective shell, a cam shaft, a cam, a gap adjusting gasket, a spring and a spring guide block, wherein the cam shaft, the cam, the gap adjusting gasket, the spring and the spring guide block are arranged in the protective shell; a motor shaft of the speed regulating motor is connected with one side of the belt wheel, one end of the cam shaft is connected with the other side of the belt wheel, the other end of the cam shaft is provided with a cam, the belt wheel is driven to rotate by the speed regulating motor, and the cam is driven to rotate by the belt wheel; the spring guide block is internally provided with an accommodating cavity, the spring is arranged in the accommodating cavity, the lower surface of the gap adjusting gasket is fixedly connected with the top of the spring, the upper surface of the gap adjusting gasket is in contact connection with the cam, and the valve rod of the air valve penetrates through two sides of the top of the spring and is provided with a clamping ring which is fixedly connected with the top of the spring; when the cam rotates, the gap adjusting gasket is pressed downwards to enable the air valve to move downwards, the spring is compressed, when the cam rotates to the point where the peach is in contact with the gap adjusting gasket, the spring is in the maximum compression state, the cam continues to rotate, the spring resets, and the gap adjusting gasket drives the air valve to move upwards, so that reciprocating opening and closing impact motion of the air valve is achieved.
Further, the rotating mechanism is installed below the spring and embedded into the supporting platform;
an air valve guide pipe is arranged at the bottom of the rotating mechanism and penetrates through the cooling system, a valve rod of the air valve sequentially penetrates through the air valve guide pipe and the rotating mechanism from bottom to top and is arranged in the spring guide block, and the air valve is positioned by the air valve guide pipe and the spring guide block.
Further, the heating device is arranged below the supporting platform and is heated by adopting fuel gas, and the heating temperature is 25-400 ℃; the heating device is provided with a heating furnace chamber, and the lower part of the air valve and the valve seat are arranged in the heating furnace chamber.
Furthermore, the corrosion system is positioned below the supporting platform and comprises an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe, one end of the air inlet pipe is connected with an external air bottle, the other end of the air inlet pipe is connected with the bottom of the heating furnace chamber, one end of the air outlet pipe is connected with the top of the heating furnace chamber, the other end of the air outlet pipe is connected with external alkaline water, and corrosive gas in the external air bottle is introduced into the heating furnace chamber through the air inlet pipe and is discharged into the external alkaline water through the air outlet pipe for neutralization; and a flowmeter is arranged on the pipeline of the gas inlet pipe and used for controlling the flow rate of the introduced corrosive gas.
Furthermore, a thermocouple is arranged in the heating device, and a body of the thermocouple penetrates through a measuring end in the exhaust pipe to be in contact connection with the valve seat, so that temperature measurement of the position of the valve seat is realized.
Furthermore, the cooling system is arranged below the supporting platform and consists of a cooling water cavity, a circulating pump, a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe and a cooling water barrel, wherein the cooling water cavity is fixed on the lower surface of the supporting platform, an inlet and an outlet of the cooling water cavity are respectively connected with one end of the water inlet pipe and one end of the water outlet pipe, the other end of the water inlet pipe is connected with the circulating pump, the circulating pump is connected with the cooling water barrel, and the cooling water barrel is connected with the other end of the water outlet pipe; the cooling water cavity is filled with circulating water through a circulating pump and a water inlet pipe.
Further, the cooling water chamber is in a downward-opening U-shaped structure, and surrounds the outside of the heating furnace chamber, and the two lower sides of the cooling water chamber extend to 1/2 of the heating furnace chamber.
Furthermore, the valve seat is connected with a valve seat replacing tool for replacing valve seats with different sizes, so that air valve-valve seat pairing pairs with different types and sizes can be replaced conveniently; the periphery of the valve seat replacing tool is fixed to the top of the heating furnace chamber through a plurality of screws, the middle of the valve seat replacing tool is provided with a conical through hole, the valve seat is placed into the matched conical through hole, the bottom end of the valve seat replacing tool is fixed through a positioning gasket, the positioning gasket is screwed on the valve seat replacing tool through the screws, and the valve seat is clamped in the conical through hole.
The invention also provides a use method of the air valve-valve seat friction wear testing machine, which comprises the following steps:
step one, placing a valve seat on a mounting position of a testing machine, and mounting a positioning gasket to fix the valve seat at the central position of the testing machine;
secondly, inserting the air valve from the lower part to enable the valve conical surface of the air valve to be in close contact with the valve seat, and exposing the valve rod from the upper part;
thirdly, mounting the snap rings on two sides of the top of the valve rod, and mounting a spring by using a special tool;
mounting a spring guide block on the upper surface of the supporting platform to fix the movable area of the spring inside the supporting platform;
installing a gap adjusting gasket, then installing a cam shaft, enabling the cam to be positioned above the gap adjusting gasket, installing a speed regulating motor and a belt wheel, and enabling the belt wheel to be connected with the cam shaft and the speed regulating motor;
installing a protective shell on the outer sides of the cam and the camshaft, reserving an oil filling hole on the protective shell, introducing a small amount of lubricating oil through a lubricating oil pump before starting the test, and continuously supplying oil in the whole test process;
seventhly, switching on a power supply, driving a belt wheel to rotate a cam shaft by a speed regulating motor, and enabling the air valve to perform reciprocating opening and closing impact motion by the peach point rotation of the cam; the rotating mechanism realizes the micro-motion rotation of the air valve; slowly increasing the rotating speed of the speed regulating motor to a preset rotating speed, wherein the rotating speed is 0-1500 r/min;
step eight, opening a heating device, heating by adopting fuel gas at the heating temperature of 25-400 ℃, measuring the temperature of the valve seat position by using a thermocouple, and slowly heating to a preset temperature;
step nine, starting a cooling system, and filling circulating water in the cooling water cavity through a circulating pump and a water inlet pipe;
step ten, starting the corrosion system, wherein the sulfur-containing corrosion gas contains SO2The gas cylinder is provided, the flow rate is controlled by a flowmeter, the gas flows in from a gas inlet pipe, flows out from a gas outlet pipe and is led to prepared alkaline water to neutralize acid gas;
step eleven, recording the test time, slowly reducing the rotating speed of the speed regulating motor after the test is finished, gradually closing the heating device, the lubricating oil pump, the corrosion system and the cooling system, disassembling the testing machine after the testing machine is completely cooled, and carrying out the next measurement work.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the air valve-valve seat friction wear testing machine and the use method provided by the invention can simulate the impact motion and the micro-motion rotation of the air valve, the used valve seat, the air valve, the clamping ring and the spring are all active parts of an actual internal combustion engine, and the rotating mechanism is arranged, so that the air valve has the micro-motion rotation in the impact motion, and the motion form of a friction pair can be better simulated.
2. The air valve-valve seat friction wear testing machine and the use method provided by the invention can create a high-temperature and sulfur-containing corrosive atmosphere, and the working condition is closer to that of a real machine.
3. The air valve-valve seat friction wear testing machine and the use method provided by the invention can replace air valve-valve seat pairing pairs with different types and sizes, and have stronger practicability.
4. The air valve-valve seat friction wear testing machine and the use method provided by the invention are provided with the cooling system, so that other parts at high temperature can be protected, and the problem of high-temperature deformation is avoided.
5. The air valve-valve seat friction wear testing machine and the use method provided by the invention have the advantages that the valve seat positioning gasket, the air valve guide pipe and the spring guide block are designed to position the valve seat and the air valve, the reliability and the stability of the test are improved, the eccentric wear phenomenon of the air valve-valve seat can be avoided, and the contact surface of a friction pair is completely attached.
In conclusion, the technical scheme of the invention can solve the problems that most of the existing air valve-valve seat friction wear testing machines can only simulate the impact motion of the air valve and lack of micro-motion rotation; most testing machines only simulate high temperature and lack simulation factors of sulfur-containing corrosive atmosphere.
Based on the reasons, the invention can be widely popularized in the fields of air valve-valve seat friction wear tests and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a speed-regulating motor; 2. a cam; 3. a gap adjusting shim; 4. a spring; 5. a rotation mechanism; 6. a valve seat; 7. an air valve; 8. a cooling water cavity; 9. a heating device; 10. a spring guide block; 11. an air valve guide pipe; 12. replacing the valve seat; 13. an exhaust pipe; 14. a thermocouple; 15. an air inlet pipe; 16. a water inlet pipe; 17. and a water discharge pipe.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. Any specific values in all examples shown and discussed herein are to be construed as exemplary only and not as limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the directional terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are used for convenience of description and simplicity of description only, and in the absence of any contrary indication, these directional terms are not intended to indicate and imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention: the terms "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the respective component itself.
Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to define the components, and are only used for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meanings unless otherwise stated, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited.
As shown in the figure, the invention provides a valve-valve seat friction wear testing machine capable of creating high-temperature and sulfur-containing corrosive atmosphere and simulating impact motion and micro-motion rotation of a valve, which comprises: the testing machine comprises a supporting platform, a driving reset device, a rotating mechanism 5, an air valve 7, a valve seat 6, a heating device 9, a corrosion system and a cooling system, wherein the driving reset device, the rotating mechanism 5, the air valve 7, the valve seat 6, the heating device 9, the corrosion system and the cooling system are arranged on the supporting platform, and the valve seat 6 is arranged at the center of the testing machine through a positioning gasket; the driving reset device is connected with the air valve 7 and used for realizing reciprocating opening and closing impact motion of the air valve 7, and the rotating mechanism 5 is connected with the air valve 7 and used for realizing micro-motion rotation of the air valve 7, so that the air valve 7 has micro-motion rotation in the impact motion and simulates the motion form of a friction pair between the air valve 7 and the valve seat 6 (the air valve 7 performs friction motion with the valve seat 6 in the motion process); heating device 9 is used for providing the high temperature environment, corrosion system is used for providing corrosive atmosphere environment, cooling system is used for realizing the cooling of testing machine.
As a preferred embodiment, the driving reset device is installed above the supporting platform and consists of a speed regulating motor 1, a belt wheel, a protective shell, a cam shaft, a cam 2, a gap adjusting gasket 3, a spring 4 and a spring guide block 10, wherein the cam shaft, the cam 2, the gap adjusting gasket 3, the spring 4 and the spring guide block 10 are arranged in the protective shell; a motor shaft of the speed regulating motor 1 is connected with one side of the belt wheel, one end of the cam shaft is connected with the other side of the belt wheel, the other end of the cam shaft is provided with a cam 2, the belt wheel is driven to rotate by the speed regulating motor 1, and the cam 2 is driven to rotate by the belt wheel; the spring guide block 10 is internally provided with an accommodating cavity, the spring 4 is arranged in the accommodating cavity, the lower surface of the gap adjusting gasket 3 is fixedly connected with the top of the spring 4, the upper surface of the gap adjusting gasket is in contact connection with the cam 2, and the valve rod of the air valve 7 penetrates through two sides of the top of the spring 4 and is provided with a clamping ring which is fixedly connected with the top of the spring 4; when the cam 2 rotates, the gap adjusting gasket 3 is pressed downwards to enable the air valve 7 to move downwards, the spring 4 is compressed, when the cam 2 rotates to the point where the peach is in contact with the gap adjusting gasket 3, the spring 4 is in the maximum compression state, the cam 2 continues to rotate, the spring 4 resets, and the gap adjusting gasket 3 drives the air valve 7 to move upwards, so that reciprocating opening and closing impact motion of the air valve 7 is achieved.
In a preferred embodiment, the rotating mechanism 5 is installed below the spring 4 and embedded in the supporting platform; an air valve guide pipe 11 is arranged at the bottom of the rotating mechanism 5, the air valve guide pipe 11 penetrates through the cooling system, a valve rod of the air valve 7 sequentially penetrates through the air valve guide pipe 11 and the rotating mechanism 5 from bottom to top and is arranged in the spring guide block 10, and the air valve 7 is positioned by the air valve guide pipe 11 and the spring guide block 10.
As a preferred embodiment, the heating device 9 is installed below the supporting platform and is heated by using fuel gas, and the heating temperature is 25-400 ℃; the heating device 9 is provided with a heating furnace chamber, and the lower part of the air valve 7 and the valve seat 6 are arranged in the heating furnace chamber.
As a preferred embodiment, the corrosion system is located below the supporting platform and comprises an air inlet pipe 15 and an air outlet pipe 13, one end of the air inlet pipe 15 is connected with an external air bottle, the other end of the air inlet pipe 15 is connected with the bottom of the heating furnace chamber, one end of the air outlet pipe 13 is connected with the top of the heating furnace chamber, the other end of the air outlet pipe 13 is connected with external alkaline water, and corrosive gas in the external air bottle is introduced into the heating furnace chamber through the air inlet pipe 15 and is discharged into the external alkaline water through the air outlet pipe 13 for neutralization; the pipeline of the gas inlet pipe 15 is provided with a flow meter for controlling the flow rate of the introduced corrosive gas.
In a preferred embodiment, a thermocouple 14 is arranged in the heating device 9, and a measuring end of a body of the thermocouple 14 penetrating into the exhaust pipe 13 is in contact connection with the valve seat 6 for realizing temperature measurement of the position of the valve seat 6.
As a preferred embodiment, the cooling system is installed below the supporting platform and consists of a cooling water cavity 8, a circulating pump, a water inlet pipe 16, a water outlet pipe 17 and a cooling water bucket, wherein the cooling water cavity 8 is fixed on the lower surface of the supporting platform, the inlet and the outlet of the cooling water cavity are respectively connected with one end of the water inlet pipe 16 and one end of the water outlet pipe 17, the other end of the water inlet pipe 16 is connected with the circulating pump, the circulating pump is connected with the cooling water bucket, and the cooling water bucket is connected with the other end of the water outlet pipe 17; the cooling water chamber 8 is filled with circulating water by a circulating pump, a water inlet pipe 16 and a water outlet pipe 17.
In a preferred embodiment, the cooling water chamber 8 is a downward-opening U-shaped structure, and surrounds the outside of the heating furnace chamber, and the lower two sides of the cooling water chamber extend to 1/2 of the heating furnace chamber.
In a preferred embodiment, the valve seat 6 is connected with a valve seat replacement tool 12 for replacing valve seats 6 with different sizes, so that air valves 7 and valve seat 6 pairing pairs with different models and sizes can be replaced conveniently.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a novel air valve-valve seat friction wear testing machine is composed of a supporting platform, a speed regulating motor 1, a cam 2, a gap adjusting gasket 3, a spring 4, a rotating mechanism 5, a valve seat 6, an air valve 7, a cooling water cavity 8, a heating device 9, a spring guide block 10, an air valve guide pipe 11, a valve seat replacement tool 12, an exhaust pipe 13, a thermocouple 14 and an air inlet pipe 15, wherein the speed regulating motor 1, the cam 2, the gap adjusting gasket 3, the spring 4 and the spring guide block 10 are all located above the supporting platform, the valve seat 6, the cooling water cavity 8, the heating device 9, the air valve guide pipe 11, the valve seat replacement tool 12, the exhaust pipe 13, the thermocouple 14 and the air inlet pipe 15 are all located below the supporting platform, the rotating mechanism 5 is located between the spring 4 and the air valve guide pipe 11, and the air valve 7 penetrates above and below the supporting platform. The speed regulating motor 1 is connected with a cam shaft through a belt wheel, a cam 2 on the cam shaft can be in contact with a gap adjusting gasket 3, a spring 4 is arranged below the gap adjusting gasket 3, a spring guide block 10 is arranged on the outer side of the spring 4, an air valve 7 is fixed through the spring 4 and a clamping ring, the air valve 7 can be tightly attached to a valve seat 6, and a rotating mechanism 5 and an air valve guide pipe 11 are arranged below the spring 4. In this embodiment, the heating device 9 is heated by gas, and the thermocouple 14 measures the temperature of the valve seat 6. Corrosive gas is introduced from the gas inlet pipe 15 and is discharged from the gas outlet pipe 13; specifically, the sulfur-containing gas is supplied from a gas cylinder containing SO2, the flow rate of which is controlled by a flow meter, and the sulfur-containing gas flows in from an inlet pipe 15 and flows out through an outlet pipe 13 to prepared alkaline water SO as to neutralize the acid gas. In order to protect other parts at high temperature, a cooling system is required. The cooling system is composed of a cooling water cavity 8, a circulating pump, a water inlet pipe 16, a water outlet pipe 17 and a cooling water bucket, the cooling system is started after the machine is started, the cooling water cavity 8 is filled with circulating water through the circulating pump, the water inlet pipe 16 and the water outlet pipe 17, and the lower part of the cooling water cavity 8 extends to the 1/2 position of a heating furnace cavity of the heating device. In order to replace air valve-valve seat pairs of different models and sizes conveniently, a valve seat replacing tool 12 is designed, the periphery of the valve seat replacing tool 12 is fixed to the top of the heating furnace chamber through 4 screws, a conical through hole is formed in the middle of the valve seat replacing tool 12, the valve seat 6 is placed into the matched conical through hole from the lower portion, the bottom end of the valve seat replacing tool is fixed through a positioning gasket, the positioning gasket is screwed on the valve seat replacing tool 12 through the screws, and the valve seat 6 is clamped in the conical through hole. The positioning gasket is a thin iron sheet. Aiming at valve seats 6 of different models and sizes, only the valve seat replacement tool 12 needs to be replaced, the valve seat 6 is placed into a conical through hole matched with the valve seat 6 in size during testing, and the screw for screwing the positioning gasket can be fixed.
In the embodiment, the motor 1 drives the cam shaft to move, and the cam 2 rotates to enable the air valve 7 to perform reciprocating opening and closing impact motion; the rotating mechanism 5 realizes the micro-motion rotation of the air valve 7; the valve seat replacing tool 12 is used for replacing valve seats 6 with different sizes; the valve seat positioning gasket, the air valve guide pipe 11 and the spring guide block 10 are used for positioning the valve seat 6 and the air valve 7, so that the eccentric wear phenomenon of the air valve and the valve seat is avoided, the contact surfaces of the friction pair are completely attached, and the reliability and the stability of the test are improved.
Example 2
On the basis of embodiment 1, the invention also provides a use method of the air valve-valve seat friction wear testing machine, which comprises the following steps:
1. firstly, the valve seat is installed, the valve seat 6 is placed in the position shown in figure 1, and the positioning gasket is installed, so that the valve seat 6 can be fixed in the center of the testing machine, and the probability of eccentric wear is reduced.
2. Then, the air valve is installed, the air valve 7 is inserted from the lower part (a valve rod of the air valve 7 sequentially penetrates through the valve seat 6, the air valve guide pipe 11, the rotating mechanism 5 and the spring 4 from the heating furnace chamber to the upper part, so that the valve conical surface of the air valve is in close contact with the valve seat 6, the valve rod is exposed from the upper part, the snap ring is installed on two sides of the top of the valve rod, the spring 4 is installed by a special tool, and the special tool adopts an air valve spring assembling and disassembling tool.
3. Finally, the spring guide block 10 is installed to fix the spring active region. The valve seat, the air valve, the clamping ring and the spring are all active parts of the actual diesel engine, and the motion form of the friction pair can be better simulated; the positioning gasket and the spring guide block 10 are designed and processed, and the complete fit of the friction contact surface of the air valve and the valve seat is ensured.
4. A gap adjustment shim 3 is installed and then the cam shaft is installed with the cam 2 over the shim and the pulley connecting the cam shaft and the motor 1. The protective housing is installed on the outer side, an oil filling hole is reserved in the protective housing above the cam, a small amount of lubricating oil is introduced before the test starting, and oil is continuously supplied in the whole test process.
5. The power supply is switched on, the speed regulating motor 1 drives the belt wheel to enable the cam shaft to rotate, and the peach point of the cam rotates to enable the air valve to perform reciprocating opening and closing impact motion; the rotating mechanism realizes the micro-motion rotation of the air valve. Slowly increasing the rotation speed of the motor to a preset rotation speed, wherein the rotation speed is 0-1500 r/min.
6. And opening the heating device, heating by adopting fuel gas at 25-400 ℃, measuring the temperature of the position of the valve seat 6 by using the thermocouple 14, and slowly raising the temperature to a preset temperature.
7. The cooling system is started and the cooling water chamber 8 is filled with circulating water through the circulating pump, the water inlet pipe 16 and the water outlet pipe 17.
8. Starting the etching system, the sulfur-containing etching gas containing SO2The gas cylinder of (1) provides a flow rate controlled by a flow meter, flows in from the gas inlet pipe (15) and flows out through the gas outlet pipe (13) to the prepared alkaline water to neutralize the acid gas.
9. Recording the test time, slowly reducing the rotating speed of the speed regulating motor 1 after the test is finished, gradually closing the heating device, the lubricating oil pump, the corrosion system valve and the cooling system, disassembling the testing machine after the testing machine is completely cooled, and carrying out the next measurement work.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An air valve-valve seat friction wear testing machine is characterized by comprising: the testing machine comprises a supporting platform, a driving reset device, a rotating mechanism (5), an air valve (7), a valve seat (6), a heating device (9), a corrosion system and a cooling system, wherein the driving reset device, the rotating mechanism (5), the air valve (7), the valve seat (6) is tightly attached to a valve conical surface of the air valve (7), and the valve seat (6) is arranged in the center of the testing machine through a positioning gasket; the driving reset device is connected with the air valve (7) and used for realizing reciprocating opening and closing impact motion of the air valve (7), and the rotating mechanism (5) is connected with the air valve (7) and used for realizing micro-motion rotation of the air valve (7) so that the air valve (7) has micro-motion rotation in the impact motion and simulates the motion form of a friction pair between the air valve (7) and the valve seat (6); heating device (9) are used for providing the high temperature environment, the corrosion system is used for providing corrosive atmosphere environment, cooling system is used for realizing the cooling of testing machine.
2. The air valve-valve seat friction wear testing machine of claim 1, characterized in that the drive resetting device is arranged above the supporting platform and consists of a speed regulating motor (1), a belt wheel, a protective shell, a cam shaft, a cam (2), a gap adjusting gasket (3), a spring (4) and a spring guide block (10), wherein the cam shaft, the cam (2), the gap adjusting gasket (3), the spring and the spring guide block are arranged in the protective shell, and an oil filling hole is formed in the protective shell; a motor shaft of the speed regulating motor (1) is connected with one side of the belt wheel, one end of the cam shaft is connected with the other side of the belt wheel, the other end of the cam shaft is provided with a cam (2), the belt wheel is driven to rotate by the speed regulating motor (1), and the cam shaft is driven to rotate by the belt wheel; an accommodating cavity is formed in the spring guide block (10), the spring (4) is arranged in the accommodating cavity, the lower surface of the gap adjusting gasket (3) is fixedly connected with the top of the spring (4), the upper surface of the gap adjusting gasket is in contact connection with the cam (2), clamping rings are arranged on two sides of the top of the valve rod of the air valve (7) penetrating through the spring (4), and the clamping rings are fixedly connected with the top of the spring (4); when the cam (2) rotates, the gap adjusting gasket (3) is pressed downwards to enable the air valve (7) to move downwards, the spring (4) is compressed, when the cam (2) rotates to the point where the peach is in contact with the gap adjusting gasket (3), the spring (4) is in the maximum compression state, the cam (2) continues to rotate, the spring (4) resets, and the gap adjusting gasket (3) drives the air valve (7) to move upwards, so that reciprocating opening and closing impact motion of the air valve (7) is achieved.
3. An air valve-valve seat friction wear testing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the rotating mechanism (5) is installed below the spring (4) and embedded in the supporting platform;
an air valve guide pipe (11) is arranged at the bottom of the rotating mechanism (5), the air valve guide pipe (11) penetrates through the cooling system, a valve rod of the air valve (7) sequentially penetrates through the air valve guide pipe (11) and the rotating mechanism (5) from bottom to top to be arranged in the spring guide block (10), and the air valve (7) is positioned by the air valve guide pipe (11) and the spring guide block (10).
4. The air valve-valve seat friction wear testing machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the heating device (9) is installed below the supporting platform and heated by gas at a temperature of 25-400 ℃; the heating device (9) is provided with a heating furnace chamber, and the lower part of the air valve (7) and the valve seat (6) are arranged in the heating furnace chamber.
5. The gas valve-valve seat friction wear testing machine according to claim 4, characterized in that the corrosion system is located below the supporting platform and comprises a gas inlet pipe (15) and a gas outlet pipe (13), one end of the gas inlet pipe (15) is connected with an external gas cylinder, the other end of the gas inlet pipe is connected with the bottom of the heating furnace chamber, one end of the gas outlet pipe (13) is connected with the top of the heating furnace chamber, the other end of the gas inlet pipe is connected with external alkaline water, corrosive gas in the external gas cylinder is introduced into the heating furnace chamber through the gas inlet pipe (15) and is discharged into the external alkaline water through the gas outlet pipe (13) for neutralization; and a flow meter is arranged on the pipeline of the gas inlet pipe (15) and used for controlling the flow rate of the introduced corrosive gas.
6. The gas valve-valve seat friction wear testing machine according to claim 5, characterized in that a thermocouple (14) is arranged in the heating device (9), and a measuring end of the body of the thermocouple (14) penetrating into the exhaust pipe (13) is in contact connection with the valve seat (6) for realizing temperature measurement of the position of the valve seat (6).
7. The air valve-valve seat friction wear testing machine of claim 4, characterized in that the cooling system is arranged below the supporting platform and consists of a cooling water cavity (8), a circulating pump, a water inlet pipe (16), a water outlet pipe (17) and a cooling water bucket, wherein the cooling water cavity (8) is fixed on the lower surface of the supporting platform, the inlet and the outlet of the cooling water cavity are respectively connected with one end of the water inlet pipe (16) and one end of the water outlet pipe (17), the other end of the water inlet pipe (16) is connected with the circulating pump, the circulating pump is connected with the cooling water bucket, and the cooling water bucket is connected with the other end of the water outlet pipe (17); circulating water is filled in the cooling water cavity (8) through a circulating pump, a water inlet pipe (16) and a water outlet pipe (17).
8. The air valve-valve seat friction wear testing machine of claim 7, characterized in that the cooling water chamber (8) is of a downward-opening U-shaped structure, is enclosed outside the heating furnace chamber, and extends to 1/2 of the heating furnace chamber from two lower sides thereof.
9. The air valve-valve seat friction wear testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the valve seat (6) is connected with a valve seat replacement tool (12) for replacing valve seats (6) with different sizes, so as to replace air valve (7) -valve seat (6) pairing pairs with different types and sizes; the periphery of the valve seat replacing tool (12) is fixed to the top of the heating furnace chamber through a plurality of screws, a conical through hole is formed in the middle of the valve seat replacing tool, the valve seat (6) is placed into the matched conical through hole, the bottom end of the valve seat replacing tool is fixed through a positioning gasket, the positioning gasket is screwed on the valve seat replacing tool (12) through the screws, and the valve seat (6) is clamped in the conical through hole.
10. A method of using the valve-seat friction wear tester according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
step one, placing a valve seat (6) on a mounting position of a testing machine, and mounting a positioning gasket to fix the valve seat (6) at the central position of the testing machine;
secondly, inserting the air valve (7) from the lower part to enable the valve conical surface of the air valve to be in close contact with the valve seat (6) and expose the valve rod from the upper part;
thirdly, mounting the snap rings on two sides of the top of the valve rod, and mounting a spring (4) by using a special tool;
fourthly, mounting a spring guide block (10) to the upper surface of the supporting platform to fix the movable area of the spring (4) inside the supporting platform;
fifthly, installing a gap adjusting gasket (3), then installing a cam shaft, enabling the cam (2) to be located above the gap adjusting gasket (3), installing a speed regulating motor (1) and a belt wheel, and enabling the belt wheel to be connected with the cam shaft and the speed regulating motor (1);
sixthly, mounting a protective shell on the outer sides of the cam (2) and the camshaft, reserving an oil filling hole on the protective shell, introducing a small amount of lubricating oil through a lubricating oil pump before starting the test, and continuously supplying oil in the whole test process;
seventhly, a power supply is switched on, the speed regulating motor (1) drives the belt wheel to enable the cam shaft to rotate, and the peach point of the cam (2) rotates to enable the air valve (7) to perform reciprocating opening and closing impact motion; the rotation mechanism (5) realizes the micro-motion rotation of the air valve (7); slowly increasing the rotating speed of the speed regulating motor (1) to a preset rotating speed, wherein the rotating speed is 0-1500 r/min;
step eight, opening a heating device (9), heating by adopting gas at 25-400 ℃, measuring the temperature of the position of the valve seat (6) by using a thermocouple (14), and slowly heating to a preset temperature;
step nine, starting a cooling system, and filling circulating water in the cooling water cavity (8) through a circulating pump, a water inlet pipe (16) and a water outlet pipe (17);
step ten, starting the corrosion system, wherein the sulfur-containing corrosion gas contains SO2The gas cylinder is provided, the flow rate is controlled by a flowmeter, the gas flows in from a gas inlet pipe (15), flows out from a gas outlet pipe (13), and is led to prepared alkaline water to neutralize acid gas;
step eleven, recording the test time, slowly reducing the rotating speed of the speed regulating motor (1) after the test is finished, gradually closing the heating device (9), the lubricating oil pump, the corrosion system and the cooling system, disassembling the testing machine after the testing machine is completely cooled, and carrying out next measurement work.
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Application publication date: 20211116 |