CN113654711B - Method for measuring peak pressure of Gaussian nanosecond pulse laser induced shock wave - Google Patents
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- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
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- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01L11/00—Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by means not provided for in group G01L7/00 or G01L9/00
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for measuring the peak pressure of Gaussian nanosecond pulse laser induced shock waves, which comprises the following steps: testing the free particle speed of nanosecond pulse laser induced shock waves acting on the back surfaces of materials with different thicknesses under different parameter conditions by using a Doppler particle velocimeter to obtain the change rule of the particle speed of the back surfaces of the materials along with time; establishing a finite element model of the material under the action of shock waves, wherein the dynamic constitutive model of the material considers the high strain rate effect of the material, the boundary conditions are the same as those of the experiment, and the particle speed of the back surface of the material at the same part as that of the experiment test is obtained; and (3) taking the experimental result of the free surface particle velocity as an optimization target and the shock wave peak pressure as an optimization variable, and performing iterative optimization on the peak pressure to enable the particle velocity obtained by the finite element model calculation to be the same as the experimental result, so that the shock wave peak pressure generated by nanosecond pulse laser induction is obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of mechanical engineering, and particularly relates to a method for measuring peak pressure of Gaussian nanosecond pulse laser induced shock waves.
Background
The principle of the method is that short-pulse and high-power-density laser penetrates through a restraint layer to irradiate an absorption protection layer on the metal surface, the absorption protection layer absorbs laser energy and is gasified and expanded in a short time to generate high-temperature and high-pressure plasma, and the generated high-pressure shock wave is transmitted to the inside of the metal due to the fact that the plasma is limited by the restraint layer, so that the metal is subjected to plastic deformation, and the reinforcement effect is achieved. In recent years, due to rapid development of computer technology, finite element theory is applied to the field of laser shock, and a great amount of manpower, material resources and financial resources are saved for establishing a laser shock process parameter database.
Most of pressure estimation models of laser-induced plasma shock waves in the current laser shock finite element simulation adopt a Fabbro model, the model is a one-dimensional model for predicting the peak pressure of the shock waves based on laser with laser energy distributed in a flat top manner along with space and in a Gaussian distribution manner along with time, and for the laser with the Gaussian distribution along with the time and the space, no peak pressure calculation method and corresponding pressure model exist at present, so that the application of the Gaussian laser in the laser shock practical engineering is limited. The difficulty of testing the peak pressure of the Gaussian nanosecond pulse laser induced shock wave is 1. the peak pressure of the laser induced shock wave cannot be directly and accurately tested; 2. the propagation rule of laser induced shock waves is difficult to obtain, and the free particle velocity of the shock waves and the material back surface in the action of the material can only be tested by tools such as a Doppler particle velocity meter and the like. Therefore, a method for measuring the peak pressure of the Gaussian nanosecond pulse laser-induced shock wave and obtaining a pressure model is urgently needed. And the cost of experiment, time and the like is saved for establishing the Gaussian nanosecond pulse laser induced shock wave peak pressure database.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for measuring the peak pressure of the Gaussian nanosecond pulse laser induced shock wave, and the method adopts a method combining experimental test and finite element simulation to obtain the peak pressure of the nanosecond pulse laser induced shock wave and further obtain a pressure estimation model.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for measuring the peak pressure of Gaussian nanosecond pulse laser induced shock waves comprises the following steps:
s1: testing of different average power densities I by laser Doppler particle velocimeter i The nanosecond pulse laser induced shock wave acts on the non-use thickness D i The free particle speed of the back surface of the lower material is obtained, and the change rule of the free particle speed of the back surface of the material along with time is obtained;
s2: calculating the peak pressure of the laser-induced plasma shock wave by using the relationship between the particle speed and the pressure under high pressure according to the change rule of the material back surface free particle speed along with time in the step S1, wherein the peak pressure is used as the initial value of the peak pressure;
s3: establishing a finite element model of the material under the action of the shock waves, wherein the dynamic constitutive model of the material considers the high strain rate effect of the material, the boundary conditions are the same as the experiment, the shock load is the initial peak pressure calculated in the step S2, and the particle speed of the back surface of the material at the same part as the experiment test in the step S1 is obtained;
s4: taking the experimental result of the free surface particle velocity in the step S1 as an optimization target, the peak pressure of the shock wave boundary condition in the step S3 as an optimization variable, and the peak pressure in the step S2 as an initial value, and performing iterative optimization on the peak pressure to enable the particle velocity obtained by the finite element model calculation to be the same as the experimental result, wherein the shock wave peak pressure P at the moment is the shock wave peak pressure generated by nanosecond pulse laser induction;
s5: and obtaining peak pressure of the nanosecond pulse laser induced shock wave under different material thicknesses and different laser power densities according to the steps S1, S3 and S4, fitting the relation between the peak pressure and the average laser power density, establishing a peak pressure model of the laser induced plasma shock wave, and further realizing prediction of the peak pressure of the nanosecond pulse laser induced plasma shock wave under different parameter conditions.
The invention is further improved in that the Gaussian nanosecond pulse laser is in Gaussian distribution along with time and space.
The invention is further improved in that the average laser power density I i All the selected values of (1) are included in the interval of [1.88GW/cm ] 2 ,4.71GW/cm 2 ]。
The invention is further improved in that the absorption protective layer is black adhesive tape or aluminum foil, and the restraint layer is plasma water.
A further development of the invention consists in that the material has a planar dimension of 35X 35mm and the thickness of the material is chosen to be D i Are all contained in the interval of 0.5mm and 1mm]。
A further development of the invention consists in the selection of the value D for the thickness of the material i Both 0.5mm and 1 mm.
The invention is further improved in that a finite element model is established according to the physical and mechanical property parameters of the metal material.
The invention is further improved in that the peak pressure of the plasma shock wave is induced by different laser power densities, and is defined and loaded through a subprogram outside finite element software.
A further improvement of the invention consists in experimenting and simulating the particle velocity at the same site, this area ranging from a circular area of 200 μm diameter.
The invention is further improved in that the expression of the peak pressure model is as follows: p ═ axi b P is the peak pressure of Gaussian laser induced shock wave, I is the average laser power density, and a and b are coefficients to be fitted.
The invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects;
according to the invention, the Gaussian nanosecond pulse laser induced shock wave peak pressure and the pressure estimation model are obtained through the laser Doppler particle velocity experiment and the finite element calculation, so that the precision of Gaussian laser shock finite element simulation can be improved, convenience is provided for optimizing laser shock process parameters and establishing a process database, and manpower, material resources and financial resources are saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the operation of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a speed test of free particles on the back surface of a target under the action of Gaussian nanosecond pulse laser-induced plasma shock waves.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following detailed drawings and examples, which are given by way of illustration and not by way of limitation.
Referring to fig. 1, the method for obtaining the peak pressure and the pressure estimation model of the gaussian nanosecond pulse laser-induced plasma shock wave comprises the following steps:
s1: testing the free particle speed of nanosecond pulse laser induced shock waves acting on the titanium alloy back surface without thickness under different parameter conditions by adopting a laser Doppler particle velocimeter to obtain the change rule of the free particle speed of the titanium alloy back surface along with time; the sizes of the titanium alloy test pieces are 35 multiplied by 0.5mm and 35 multiplied by 1mm, the restraint layer is water, the absorption protective layer is a black adhesive tape and an aluminum foil, and the laser energy is adjustable within 2-8J;
s2: calculating the peak pressure of the laser-induced plasma shock wave as an initial value of the peak pressure by using the relationship between the particle velocity and the pressure under high pressure according to the titanium alloy material parameters in the step S1;
s3: establishing a finite element model of the titanium alloy sheet under the action of shock waves, wherein the model size is the same as that of the experiment, the high-strain-rate dynamic constitutive model of the titanium alloy is adopted, the boundary conditions are the same as that of the experiment, opposite side fixing is adopted, the shock load is the initial peak pressure calculated in the step S2, and the particle speed of the back surface of the material at the same part as that of the experimental test in the step S1 is obtained;
s4: taking the experimental result of the free surface particle velocity in the step S1 as an optimization target, the peak pressure of the shock wave boundary condition in the step S3 as an optimization variable, and the peak pressure in the step S2 as an initial value, and performing iterative optimization on the peak pressure to enable the particle velocity obtained by the finite element model calculation to be the same as the experimental result, wherein the shock wave peak pressure at the moment is the shock wave peak pressure generated by nanosecond pulse laser induction;
s5: and obtaining the peak pressure of the nanosecond pulse laser induced shock wave under different parameter conditions according to the steps S1, S3 and S4, fitting the relation between the peak pressure and the laser parameters, and establishing a peak pressure model of the laser induced plasma shock wave.
The step S3 of establishing a finite element model of the titanium alloy sheet under the action of the laser-induced plasma shock wave further comprises the following steps:
s21: establishing a finite element model according to the physical and mechanical property parameters of the metal material;
s22: defining and loading different laser-induced plasma shock wave peak pressures obtained in the step S2 and the step S3 through a subroutine connected with finite element software.
The principle of testing the speed of free particles on the back surface of the titanium alloy under the action of the Gaussian nanosecond pulsed laser induced shock waves in the step S1, the arrangement of the sensors and the iterative optimization of the load in the step S4 are explained by combining the attached drawings 1 and 2;
as shown in fig. 2, laser 1 irradiates on an absorption layer 3 through a confinement layer 2, the absorption layer 3 interacts with the laser 1, so that the absorption layer 3 absorbs a large amount of laser energy in a short time, the absorption layer 3 is gasified to generate a high-temperature and high-pressure plasma 4, the plasma 4 is limited by the confinement layer 2, the generated high-pressure shock wave propagates to a material 5, the material 5 is clamped and fixed on an experiment table by a clamp 6 at the opposite side, when the shock wave induced by nanosecond pulse laser propagates to the back of the material 5, free particles move at a speed U, and a speed signal of the free particles is measured by a sensor 7, so that a change rule of the speed of the free particles on the back of the material 5 along with time can be obtained, the sensor 7 is located at the center of the back of a test piece, and the center of the sensor and the center of the laser are on the same straight line.
In a dynamic response finite element model of the titanium alloy sheet under the action of the Gaussian laser induced shock wave, the same as the experimental test, the load is applied to the center of the shock surface. The initial value A of the load is the peak pressure calculated in the step S2, the free particle speed of the back surface of the model in the same area as the experimental test is obtained, the particle speed in the simulation is compared with the experimental value, and if the particle speed in the simulation is the same as the experimental value, the load is output as the peak pressure of the laser induced shock wave of the parameter; if the speeds of the two are different, when the experimental value is greater than the simulation value, the load is increased by 50% of the initial value, namely 1.5A, if the experimental value is still greater than the simulation value, the increment is continuously increased by 150%, namely 2.25A, if the experimental value is less than the simulation value, the increment is reduced by 50%, namely 1.25A, the whole process is repeated until the simulation value is the same as the experimental value, and the iterative optimization of the load is finished. The peak pressure of the laser induced shock wave was obtained with different parameters in the same way.
In conclusion, the invention adopts the experiment to test the speed of free particles of the Gaussian nanosecond pulse laser induced shock wave acting on the back surface of the titanium alloy sheet, and uses the high strain rate constitutive model of the finite element combined material to reversely identify and obtain the peak pressure and the pressure estimation model of the Gaussian nanosecond pulse laser induced shock wave according to the speed of the free particles on the back surface, thereby improving the precision of the Gaussian laser shock numerical simulation.
Claims (10)
1. A method for measuring the peak pressure of Gaussian nanosecond pulse laser induced shock waves is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: the laser penetrates through the absorption protective layer of the restraint layer to irradiate the metal surface, the absorption protective layer absorbs the laser energy and is gasified and expanded in a short time to generate high-temperature high-pressure plasma, and a laser Doppler particle velocimeter is adopted to test different average power densities I i The nanosecond pulse laser induced shock wave acts on the non-use thickness D i The free particle speed of the back surface of the lower material is obtained, and the change rule of the free particle speed of the back surface of the material along with time is obtained;
s2: calculating the peak pressure of the laser-induced plasma shock wave by using the relationship between the particle speed and the pressure under high pressure according to the change rule of the material back surface free particle speed along with time in the step S1, wherein the peak pressure is used as the initial value of the peak pressure;
s3: establishing a finite element model of the material under the action of the shock waves, wherein the dynamic constitutive model of the material considers the high strain rate effect of the material, the boundary conditions are the same as the experiment, the shock load is the initial peak pressure calculated in the step S2, and the particle speed of the back surface of the material at the same part as the experiment test in the step S1 is obtained;
s4: taking the experimental result of the free surface particle velocity in the step S1 as an optimization target, the peak pressure of the shock wave boundary condition in the step S3 as an optimization variable, and the peak pressure in the step S2 as an initial value, and performing iterative optimization on the peak pressure to enable the particle velocity obtained by the finite element model calculation to be the same as the experimental result, wherein the shock wave peak pressure P at the moment is the shock wave peak pressure generated by nanosecond pulse laser induction;
s5: and obtaining peak pressure of the nanosecond pulse laser induced shock wave under different material thicknesses and different laser power densities according to the steps S1, S3 and S4, fitting the relation between the peak pressure and the average laser power density, establishing a peak pressure model of the laser induced plasma shock wave, and further realizing prediction of the peak pressure of the nanosecond pulse laser induced plasma shock wave under different parameter conditions.
2. The method for determining the peak pressure of the Gaussian nanosecond pulsed laser induced shock wave as claimed in claim 1, wherein the Gaussian nanosecond pulsed laser is Gaussian distributed over time and space.
3. The method for determining peak pressure of Gaussian nanosecond pulsed laser-induced shock wave as claimed in claim 1, wherein the average laser power density I i All the selected values of (1) are included in the interval of [1.88GW/cm ] 2 ,4.71GW/cm 2 ]。
4. The method for determining the peak pressure of the Gaussian nanosecond pulsed laser induced shock wave as claimed in claim 1, wherein the absorbing protective layer is a black tape or an aluminum foil, and the confining layer is plasma water.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the planar dimension of the material is 35 x 35mm, and the thickness of the material is selected to be D i Are all contained in the interval of 0.5mm and 1mm]。
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the thickness of the material is selected to be D i Both 0.5mm and 1 mm.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the finite element model is established based on physical and mechanical properties of the metal material.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the peak pressure of the laser-induced shock wave of the Gaussian nanosecond pulse is defined and loaded by an external subroutine of finite element software, wherein the peak pressure of the laser-induced shock wave of the plasma is induced by different laser power densities.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the particle velocity is measured and simulated at the same location in a circular region with a diameter of 200 μm.
10. The method for determining the peak pressure of the Gaussian nanosecond pulsed laser induced shock wave as claimed in claim 1, wherein the peak pressure model expression is as follows: p ═ axi b P is the peak pressure of Gaussian laser induced shock wave, I is the average laser power density, and a and b are coefficients to be fitted.
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| US6197133B1 (en) * | 1999-02-16 | 2001-03-06 | General Electric Company | Short-pulse high-peak laser shock peening |
| JP5610068B2 (en) * | 2010-10-26 | 2014-10-22 | 新東工業株式会社 | Laser peening method |
| CN106399663B (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2019-01-08 | 江苏大学 | A kind of deep cooling laser shock peening method and device based on induced with laser high-temperature plasma body technique |
| CN107389241B (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2019-06-28 | 江苏大学 | A kind of peak stress detection method with laser impact intensified hole wall |
| CN110205477B (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2021-03-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Laser shock peening method for improving laser induced shock wave intensity by adopting time sequence double laser pulses |
| CN111310375B (en) * | 2020-02-14 | 2023-05-16 | 广东工业大学 | Processing method for optimizing laser double-sided simultaneous opposite impact titanium alloy blade shock wave pressure |
| CN112989654A (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2021-06-18 | 江苏大学 | Finite element method for predicting laser shock forming limit under shock load |
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