CN113653612A

CN113653612A - Solid gravity flow carrying equipment, gravity energy storage element and energy storage system

Info

Publication number: CN113653612A
Application number: CN202111101986.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴炎喜
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-09-18
Filing date: 2021-09-18
Publication date: 2021-11-16

Abstract

The invention discloses a solid gravity flow carrying device, a gravity energy storage element and an energy storage system, which comprise a transfer track, wherein the transfer track is provided with a low-altitude section, a high-altitude section opposite to the low-altitude section and an inclined section and is used for enabling the gravity energy storage element to directionally move; the pushing mechanism is provided with a plurality of inclined sections which are arranged side by side along the transfer track; the electric energy and kinetic energy conversion mechanism is connected with the pushing mechanism; the plurality of pushing mechanisms move by being driven by the corresponding electric energy-kinetic energy conversion mechanisms and drive the plurality of gravity energy storage elements to continuously push the gravity energy storage elements from the low-altitude section to the high-altitude section along the inclined section; or the plurality of pushing mechanisms move under the action of gravity of the plurality of gravity energy storage elements and drive the corresponding electric energy-kinetic energy conversion mechanisms to convert mechanical kinetic energy into electric energy, wherein the action of gravity is formed by pushing the gravity energy storage elements to the low-altitude section to slide downwards from the high-altitude section continuously along the inclined section. The problems of high terrain requirement and poor applicability existing in the prior art are solved.

Description

Solid gravity flow carrying equipment, gravity energy storage element and energy storage system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of gravity energy storage, in particular to solid gravity flow carrying equipment, a gravity energy storage element and an energy storage system.

Background

The use of energy in human society is limited by reserves, and fossil energy such as coal, petroleum, natural gas and the like which pollute the environment are used in production and life. The traditional pollution energy is converted into inexhaustible dependence, and inexhaustible, clean, environment-friendly and renewable solar energy, wind energy and other renewable energy sources are the historical necessity.

However, renewable energy has naturally occurring properties, intermittent and random fluctuation, and belongs to unstable energy. The intermittent and random fluctuation unstable energy is converted into intelligent energy supplied according to requirements, and the energy storage link is the key of energy conversion. The energy is a basic substance for the operation of human society, and the daily consumption is huge. Based on the sunshine time characteristic of the sun, the electricity quantity directly utilized in sunshine is only close to 25% of the annual electricity consumption; in view of the characteristics of wind generation, the main output of wind power generation is only approximately 25% of the electric quantity directly consumed and utilized at night; about 75% of the charge needs to be stored. The energy storage system provides electric quantity for social loads in the period that wind and light power generation can not output power, so that the ultra-large-scale energy storage system is needed for energy transformation.

The existing energy storage technology comprises pumped storage, and the pumped storage is suitable for high-capacity energy storage, but the construction of pumped storage power stations requires the construction of the landform of a storage reservoir at high and low altitudes, so that the geographic resources capable of meeting the landform conditions are extremely limited, and the geographic resource requirements of ultra-large-scale energy storage required by energy transformation on station sites cannot be met at all.

In conclusion, the pumped storage in the prior art has the defects of high topographic requirement and poor applicability. Accordingly, the prior art is yet to be improved and developed.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above disadvantages of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a solid gravity flow carrying device, a gravity energy storage element and an energy storage system, which solve the problems of high requirement on the terrain and poor applicability existing in the prior art.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a solid gravity flow carrying device for moving a gravity energy storage element, comprising:

a transfer rail having a low-altitude section and a high-altitude section opposite the low-altitude section, and an inclined section between the low-altitude section and the high-altitude section, and for causing directional movement of the gravity energy storage element;

a plurality of pushing mechanisms are arranged and arranged along the inclined section of the transfer track;

the electric energy and kinetic energy conversion mechanism is connected with the pushing mechanism;

the plurality of pushing mechanisms move by being driven by the corresponding electric energy-kinetic energy conversion mechanisms and drive the plurality of sequentially abutted gravity energy storage elements to continuously push the gravity energy storage elements to a high-altitude section from a low-altitude section along an inclined section; or

It is a plurality of push mechanism supports through a plurality of support in proper order and moves through the action of gravity energy storage component to drive and correspond electric energy kinetic energy conversion mechanism converts mechanical kinetic energy into electric energy, wherein the action of gravity by gravity energy storage component is followed the slope section by the continuous top of high altitude section is pushed to low altitude section gliding formation.

Further, the pushing mechanism comprises two chain transmission assemblies positioned on two sides and a force transmission piece arranged between the two chain transmission assemblies;

the chain drive assembly comprises: the chain is sleeved on the driving chain wheel and the driven chain wheel and arranged along the extending direction of the inclined section;

the force transmission piece is connected to the chains on two sides and is used for being connected with the gravity energy storage element.

Furthermore, the pushing mechanism also comprises a driving shaft, and driving chain wheels of the two chain transmission assemblies are connected to the driving shaft;

the electric energy and kinetic energy conversion mechanism is connected to the driving shaft;

be provided with arrestment mechanism on the push mechanism, arrestment mechanism includes:

the brake drum is connected to one end, away from the electric energy-kinetic energy conversion mechanism, of the driving shaft;

a brake pad for abutting against the brake drum.

Further, the solid gravity flow carrying equipment also comprises a horizontal pushing mechanism, and the horizontal pushing mechanism is arranged at a low-altitude section and a high-altitude section of the transfer track;

the horizontal pushing mechanism comprises: the slideway and the transfer rail are arranged in the same direction;

the ram is arranged on the slideway in a sliding manner;

the telescopic assembly is arranged on the ram and is connected with or separated from the gravity energy storage element through telescopic operation; and

the linear motor is arranged below the ram and connected with the ram.

Based on the same concept, the invention also provides a gravity energy storage element for the solid gravity flow carrying equipment; wherein the force transfer member comprises a force transfer rod;

the gravity energy storage element comprises: the energy storage element comprises an energy storage element body and hook teeth arranged on the energy storage element body;

the hook tooth is hooked with the dowel bar and transmits torque.

Further, one end of the energy storage element body is provided with a pushing concave platform, and the other end of the energy storage element body is provided with a pushing convex platform;

the pushing boss of one gravity energy storage element is used for abutting against the pushing boss of the other adjacent gravity energy storage element.

Further, the gravity energy storage element further comprises: the rail wheel is rotatably arranged on the energy storage element body and abuts against the transfer rail to move;

the transfer track is provided with two sets, and two sets of the transfer track is located the left and right sides, the rail wheel is provided with a plurality ofly, and a plurality of rail wheels support respectively and lean on the transfer track of both sides.

Further, a hook tooth sinking groove and a roller sinking groove are formed in the upper surface of the gravity energy storage element;

when the gravity energy storage elements are stacked, the hook tooth trap groove is used for accommodating a hook tooth of another adjacent gravity energy storage element, and the roller trap groove is used for accommodating a rail wheel of another adjacent gravity energy storage element;

and hanging parts are respectively arranged on the left side surface and the right side surface of the gravity energy storage element.

Based on the same conception, the invention also provides a gravity energy storage element, which comprises the solid gravity flow carrying equipment, a plurality of gravity energy storage elements, a low-altitude storage yard and a high-altitude storage yard; the gravity energy storage element is separated from or connected with the pushing mechanism, the low-altitude section penetrates through the low-altitude storage yard, and the high-altitude section penetrates through the high-altitude storage yard;

when the energy storage system stores energy, the low-altitude storage yard is used for conveying the gravity energy storage elements to the low-altitude section, and the high-altitude storage yard is used for receiving and storing the gravity energy storage elements from the high-altitude section;

when the energy storage system releases energy, the high-altitude storage yard is used for conveying the gravity energy storage elements to the high-altitude section, and the low-altitude storage yard is used for receiving and storing the gravity energy storage elements from the low-altitude section.

Furthermore, the low-altitude pile and the high-altitude pile yard are both provided with traveling cranes for loading, unloading and stacking gravity energy storage elements, and the traveling cranes are vertically arranged along the extension direction of the transfer track;

the travelling crane is provided with a plurality of travelling cranes which load or unload the gravity energy storage elements on the transfer track alternately. And ensuring the collecting and dispersing speed of the low-altitude reactor and the high-altitude reactor yard to be coordinated with the flow velocity of the solid gravity flow so as to ensure the formation of the solid gravity flow of the lifting channel.

Has the advantages that: compared with the linear motor propulsion technology, the energy conversion element of the electric energy-kinetic energy conversion mechanism adopts the rotating motor, so that the energy conversion efficiency is higher. The invention provides a solid gravity flow carrying device, a gravity energy storage element and an energy storage system, wherein the gravity energy storage element is pushed up by mechanical power, and the gravity energy storage element can directionally ascend or descend along a transfer track by laying the transfer track. When energy is stored, a plurality of electric energy and kinetic energy conversion mechanisms on the inclined section convert electric energy of a power grid into mechanical kinetic energy to drive the pushing mechanism to move, and the pushing mechanism moves to drive the whole gravity energy storage element to continuously push the gravity energy storage element to the high-altitude section along the inclined section. When energy is released, the gravity energy storage elements are continuously pushed to the low-altitude section from the high-altitude section along the inclined section under the action of gravity, and the plurality of pushing mechanisms move under the action of the gravity energy storage elements and drive the corresponding electric energy-kinetic energy conversion mechanisms to convert mechanical kinetic energy into electric energy. Thereby realizing the storage and the release of the electric energy. When the electric energy is sufficient, the electric energy is converted into mechanical energy to convey the gravity energy storage element to a high place to form gravity potential energy for storage; when the electric energy is in shortage, the gravity potential energy of the gravity energy storage element stored at a high position is converted into the electric energy to be fed into a power grid. And the whole solid gravity energy storage component of slope section leans on each other and forms solid gravity and flows when the propelling movement, and solid gravity energy storage component is densely distributed at the slope section, forms very big thrust downwards at the whole journey of slope section, and the structural strength requirement to whole pushing mechanism is very high, and single-stage pushing mechanism's spare part can not bear the thrust of concentrating like this. Therefore, the pushing mechanisms are arranged in a segmented mode, the whole gravity energy storage elements are pushed in a segmented relay mode, each pushing mechanism only needs to be responsible for pushing a part of the gravity energy storage elements for a certain distance, and accordingly the phenomenon that the pushing force of the whole solid gravity flow of the inclined section is too concentrated is avoided. The pushing mechanism arranged in a sectional mode pushes in a sectional relay mode, so that the thrust concentration is avoided, and the requirement of the high-altitude height difference solid gravity energy storage power station on high thrust under the condition of limited material strength is met. And the continuous pushing process enables the gravity energy storage element to continuously ascend or descend, and as water flows, the gravity energy storage element keeps continuous unidirectional motion in each functional time period, so that the utilization efficiency of equipment is high, and the energy storage cost is reduced. The terrain of the applicable big altitude difference of this solid gravity flow delivery equipment compares pumped storage, and the altitude difference of utilizing is bigger for energy storage element's quality energy density is higher, can reduce the occupation of the big quantity of solid energy storage element and soil. The method has the advantages that the requirement of no water resource condition is met by utilizing solid gravity energy storage, the method can adapt to the large altitude difference between the high altitude of the plateau and the low altitude of the basin (plain) in the arid region, the terrain is abundant geographical resources, the distribution is wide, and the resource guarantee of ultra-large scale energy storage required by energy transformation can be met.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a right side view of an embodiment of a solid gravity flow carrier apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a right side view of a portion of the structure of an embodiment of a solid gravity flow carrier apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a gravity flow solid carrier apparatus of the present invention in a gravity cascade station;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a pushing mechanism of an embodiment of a solid gravity flow carrier apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a top view of an inclined section of an embodiment of a solid gravity flow carrying device of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the chain portion of one embodiment of a solid gravity flow carrier apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of a horizontal transfer mechanism of an embodiment of a solid gravity flow carrier apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a right side view of an embodiment of a gravity energy storage element of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a front view of an embodiment of a gravity energy storage element of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a functional block diagram of an embodiment of an energy storage system of the present invention;

fig. 11 is a right side view of a low altitude yard embodying an energy storage system of the present invention.

The reference numbers in the figures: 100. a gravity energy storage element; 110. an energy storage element body; 120. a rail wheel; 130. a rack plate; 140. hooking teeth; 141. hooking; 142. a bevel; 150. pushing the concave platform; 160. pushing the boss; 170. a hook tooth sink groove; 171. a roller sinking groove; 180. a hanging part; 181. hoisting and digging grooves; 200. transferring the track; 210. a low altitude section; 220. a high altitude section; 230. an inclined section; 300. a pushing mechanism; 310. a chain drive assembly; 311. a drive sprocket; 312. a driven sprocket; 313. a chain; 314. a drive shaft; 315. a coupling; 316. a pin shaft; 320. a force transfer member; 321. a dowel bar; 400. an electric energy-kinetic energy conversion mechanism; 410. a power grid; 500. a horizontal pushing mechanism; 510. rail bases; 520. heightening the rail platform; 530. a slideway; 540. a ram; 550. a telescoping assembly; 551. a telescopic tongue; 560. a linear motor; 561. a stator; 562. a mover; 600. a brake mechanism; 610. a brake drum; 620. a brake pad; 700. a low-altitude yard; 710. high altitude yards; 720. driving a vehicle; 730. a cache segment; 740. a loading and unloading section; 750. a storage yard; 800. a system main controller; 810. a low altitude yard control assembly; 820. a high altitude yard control assembly; 830. a current transformer.

Detailed Description

The invention provides a solid gravity flow carrying device, a gravity energy storage element and an energy storage system, and in order to make the purpose, technical scheme and effect of the invention clearer and clearer, the invention is further described in detail by referring to the attached drawings and taking examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

In the prior art, the existing energy storage technology comprises physical energy storage such as pumped storage, compressed air energy storage, flywheel energy storage and the like; and chemical energy storage technologies such as lead batteries, lithium batteries, sodium-sulfur batteries and flow batteries. The pumped storage can be suitable for large-capacity energy storage, but the construction of pumped storage power stations requires the construction of the landform of a storage reservoir at high and low altitudes, so that the geographic resources capable of meeting the landform conditions are extremely limited, and the geographic resource requirements of ultra-large-scale energy storage required by energy transformation on station sites cannot be met at all. The energy storage cost of the chemical battery is high, the electricity consumption cost of the energy storage is close to twice the grid price of the coal power (0.6 yuan + to 0.80 yuan +), and the possibility that the electricity consumption cost is lower than the grid price of the coal power cannot be seen for a long time. Except for the operation of improving a power grid, the peak-valley electricity price difference is used for arbitrage operation, and the chemical battery is used for energy transformation and energy storage and has no economic feasibility. There is more potential risk: if the chemical battery is used to satisfy the ultra-large-scale energy storage required by energy transformation, the harm to the environment caused by regeneration of the chemical battery is difficult to estimate, and even a new environmental disaster may be formed.

It is a physical common knowledge to realize the storage and release of energy by using the transfer of the gravity of an object between altitude differences. Pumped storage power stations based on liquid mobility are a specific application of this physical common knowledge. The storage and release of energy are realized by utilizing the transfer of the gravity of the solid between the altitude differences, and no valuable engineering example is seen yet. In the prior art of gravity energy storage retrieved by the patent, the transportation is realized by using a hoisting technology, but the hoisting technology is not suitable for being applied as energy storage. The rope pulls the winch to lift (descend) the heavy object, the lifting and descending processes are repeated each time, and the period occupies long time; dragging 500 weight blocks of 50 tons in 8 hours on one track with the length of 200 meters, wherein the time of each weight block is 57.6 seconds, and the utilization efficiency of the equipment is extremely low; and the loss of the hoisting steel wire rope is large, and the operation and maintenance cost is high. The suitable range of the altitude difference of the scheme is 200-400 m, and the theoretical energy density is 0.544-1.09 wh/kg. Such low energy densities would require a large number of solid energy storage elements. When the electricity storage amount is 1.0 hundred million kilowatt hour meter, 9184.4232-18382.3529 million tons of solid weight are needed as the energy storage element. According to the research of a writer, China becomes an energy-intensive country through energy transformation, and the daily energy storage capacity reaches about 420 hundred million kilowatt-hours. If the height difference of the utilized altitude is only 200-400 m, 385.75-772.06 million tons of solid weight needed by the energy storage element cannot be realized through the prior art.

The mountain body is the most abundant natural form of the earth, and the solid is the most abundant substance of the earth, so that the mountain body is easy to form according to the process requirement. From the aspect of resource quantity, the solid gravity energy storage is very suitable for super-large-scale energy storage. Therefore, the present embodiment provides a solid gravity flow carrying device, which utilizes the transfer of solid gravity between altitude differences to realize energy storage and release, and compared with chemical energy storage, the device has no pollutant discharge, and is energy-saving and environment-friendly. The defects of high requirement on the existing pumped storage geographical environment and low engineering difficulty and equipment utilization rate in the hoisting process are overcome. The method comprises the following specific steps:

first embodiment as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 3, the present embodiment provides a solid gravity flow carrying apparatus for transferring a gravity energy storage element 100, including: transfer rail 200, pushing mechanism 300, and electric energy-kinetic energy conversion mechanism 400. The transfer rail 200 has a low-altitude section 210 and a high-altitude section 220 opposite to the low-altitude section 210, and an inclined section 230 between the low-altitude section 210 and the high-altitude section 220, wherein the low-altitude section 210 and the high-altitude section 220 are horizontal sections. When the apparatus is installed on a mountain, a flat ground is installed under the feet of the mountain for installing the low-altitude section 210 of the transfer rail 200. A flat ground is disposed on the top or the waist of the mountain for disposing the high altitude section 220 of the transfer rail 200. An inclined section 230 of the transfer track 200 is arranged along the ridge, and the gradient of the inclined section 230 is selected between 15 degrees and 75 degrees according to terrain conditions and engineering requirements. Thus, a lifting channel for the gravity energy storage element 100 is formed by the transfer rail 200, and the gravity energy storage element 100 moves up or down directionally on the transfer rail 200. The pushing mechanism 300 is provided in plurality, and a plurality of the pushing mechanisms 300 are provided along the inclined section 230 of the transfer rail 200. Specifically, the pushing mechanisms 300 are usually spaced apart by a distance to form a power section and a non-power section, and the pushing direction of each pushing mechanism 300 is the same as the extending direction of the inclined section. The pushing mechanism 300 drives the gravity energy storage element 100 to move, and the electric energy and kinetic energy conversion mechanism 400 is connected with the pushing mechanism 300. Electric-to-kinetic energy conversion mechanism 400 may convert electric energy to mechanical energy, such as a motor function, and may also convert mechanical energy to electric energy, such as a generator function. When storing energy, the pushing mechanisms 300 are driven by the corresponding electric energy-kinetic energy conversion mechanisms 400 to move, and drive the gravity energy storage elements 100 to be continuously pushed from the low-altitude section 210 to the high-altitude section 220 along the inclined section 230; when releasing energy, the pushing mechanisms 300 move under the action of gravity of the gravity energy storage elements 100 and drive the corresponding electric energy-kinetic energy conversion mechanisms 400 to convert mechanical kinetic energy into electric energy, wherein the action of gravity is formed by the gravity energy storage elements 100 continuously pushing along the inclined section 230 from the high-altitude section 220 to the low-altitude section 210 to slide downwards.

Through the arrangement of the transfer rail 200 in the scheme, the gravity energy storage element 100 can directionally ascend or directionally descend along the transfer rail 200, when energy is stored, the electric energy and kinetic energy conversion mechanism 400 converts electric energy into mechanical kinetic energy to drive the plurality of pushing mechanisms 300 to move, and the plurality of pushing mechanisms 300 move to drive the plurality of gravity energy storage elements 100 which are sequentially abutted against each other to be continuously pushed to the high-altitude section 220 along the inclined section 230 by the low-altitude section 210. When releasing energy, the gravity energy storage element 100 is continuously pushed from the high altitude section 220 to the low altitude section 210 along the inclined section 230 to slide down to form a gravity action, and the plurality of pushing mechanisms 300 which are sequentially abutted against move under the gravity action of the plurality of gravity energy storage elements 100 and drive the corresponding electric energy-kinetic energy conversion mechanisms 400 to convert mechanical kinetic energy into electric energy to be fed into the power grid. Thereby realizing the storage and the release of the electric energy. During energy storage, the system absorbs electric energy of a power grid and converts the electric energy into mechanical energy to push the gravity energy storage element 100 to a high position, so that gravitational potential energy is formed and stored; when the electric energy is in shortage, the gravitational potential energy of the gravitational energy storage element 100 stored at the high position is converted into the electric energy. And the whole range of the multiple gravity energy storage elements 100 abutting against each other in sequence forms a solid gravity flow when pushed, and the driving force required by the solid gravity flow on the whole transfer track 200 is very large. In the conventional technology, a chain is used as a carrying tool, a driving sprocket outputs torque, and the torque is transmitted to a load in the whole process through the chain, for example, an inclined ladder in a supermarket, the chain has enough strength to pull and carry a heavy object in the whole process to rise, and the whole process of gravity needs to be borne, so that the limited chain strength can only bear limited gravity load, and therefore, a place with a large altitude difference cannot be used due to the limitation of the chain strength.

The scheme is that the pushing mechanism 300 is arranged in a segmented mode, multi-power-source segmented series connection is achieved, and the problem that limited chain strength can only bear limited load is solved. The altitude difference may no longer be limited. Through the segmented (serial) transmission of the plurality of pushing mechanisms 300, the whole solid gravity energy storage elements can be segmented and serially connected for relay pushing. Can carry out the propelling movement with a plurality of gravity energy storage element 100 segmentation, like this propelling movement mechanism 300 only needs to be responsible for propelling movement a section distance with partial gravity energy storage element 100 to avoid the thrust of whole solid gravity flow to concentrate, and if the thrust of solid gravity flow concentrates, it is very big to the powerful structure of whole propelling movement mechanism 300, and spare part can't bear the thrust of concentrating like this. The pushing mechanism 300 arranged in a segmented manner disperses the power, so that the total thrust requirement of large altitude difference is met under the condition of limited material strength. And the process of continuous pushing enables the energy of the gravity energy storage element 100 to continuously ascend or descend, and as the water flow, the gravity energy storage element keeps continuous unidirectional uninterrupted motion in a functional time period, so that the transfer efficiency is high, and the utilization efficiency of equipment is high.

In the specific structure of the present embodiment, for convenience of structural description, the inclined direction of the inclined section 230 is inclined from front to back in the direction from bottom to top. Then the low-altitude section 210 is located lower-front and the high-altitude section 220 is located upper-rear. The direction perpendicular to the front-rear direction and the up-down direction is the left-right direction. The following description of each structure is set forth with this orientation as a reference.

As shown in fig. 1 and 7, the present solid gravity flow carrier device further comprises a horizontal pusher mechanism 500, wherein the horizontal pusher mechanism 500 is disposed at the low altitude section 210 and the high altitude section 220 of the transfer track 200. Taking the energy storage process as an example, the horizontal pushing mechanism 500 on the low altitude section 210 conveys the gravity energy storage element 100 to the pushing mechanism 300, and the gravity energy storage element 100 is continuously pushed along the inclined section 230 by the multi-stage pushing mechanism 300, so that the gravity energy storage element 100 is sequentially abutted and pushed up on the transfer track 200, and after the gravity energy storage element is pushed to the high altitude section 220, the horizontal pushing mechanism 500 on the high altitude section 220 horizontally conveys and moves away the gravity energy storage element 100. Thus, rapid energy storage is realized.

The ground is paved with rail base 510, two heightening rail platforms 520 are paved on the rail base 510, the two heightening rail platforms 520 are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side in mirror symmetry, the transfer rail 200 is provided with two, the transfer rail 200 is respectively arranged on the heightening rail platforms 520 on the left side and the right side. The horizontal pushing mechanism 500 in this embodiment includes: a slide 530, a ram 540, a telescoping assembly 550, and a linear motor 560. The slide 530 with transfer track 200 syntropy and set up, just slide 530 is provided with two, two slide 530 sets up respectively on the rail platform 520 that increases of the left and right sides, slide 530 is located and increases on the inboard step of rail platform 520, makes slide 530 is less than transfer track 200. Through the arrangement of the heightening rail table 520, the horizontal pushing mechanism 500 is installed in a sufficient space between the two transfer rails 200, so that the structure is reasonable, and the system is more stable. The ram 540 is slidably arranged on the slideway 530, and the cross section of the contact surface between the ram 540 and the slideway 530 is in a V shape, so that the inner wall of the contact surface on the ram 540 limits the slideway 530, and the ram 540 and the slideway 530 can move more stably. The telescoping assembly 550 is disposed on the ram 540 and is coupled to or decoupled from the gravitational energy storage element 100 by telescoping. The linear motor 560 is disposed below the ram 540 and connected to the ram 540. Specifically, the stator 561 of the linear motor 560 is laid along the extending direction (front-back direction) of the transfer track 200, the mover 562 of the linear motor 560 is driven by the stator 561 to move along the front-back direction, so that the mover 562 drives the ram 540 to move along the front-back direction, the telescopic tongue 551 on the telescopic assembly 550 arranged on the ram 540 can be stretched up and down, and a clamping groove (not labeled in the figure) matched with the telescopic tongue 551 is arranged at the bottom of the gravity energy storage element 100. When the gravity energy storage element 100 is placed on the transfer track 200, the telescopic assembly 550 raises the telescopic tongue 551 to be embedded in the bottom clamping groove, so that the gravity energy storage element 100 is connected to the ram 540, the gravity energy storage element 100 is driven to move in the front-back direction by the movement of the ram 540, and when the gravity energy storage element 100 is moved to the pushing mechanism 300 on the inclined section 230, the telescopic assembly 550 lowers the telescopic tongue 551, and the pushing mechanism 300 pushes the gravity energy storage element 100 obliquely upwards. It is easy to think that the horizontal pushing mechanism 500 may also be a chain transmission mechanism, a ball screw pushing mechanism, etc.

As shown in fig. 2, 4 and 5, the pushing mechanism 300 in this embodiment includes two chain transmission assemblies 310 located at the left and right sides, and a force transmission member 320 disposed between the two chain transmission assemblies 310, wherein the force transmission member 320 is used for connecting the gravity energy storage element 100. The force transmission member 320 is driven to move by the rotation of the chain transmission assembly 310, so that the gravity energy storage element 100 is pushed by the force transmission member 320. And continuous pushing-up of the gravity energy storage element 100 is realized. The chain drive assembly 310 includes: the driving chain wheel 311, the driven chain wheel 312, and the chain 313 that overlaps drive chain wheel 311 and driven chain wheel 312, chain 313 sets up along the extending direction of inclined section 230. The force transmission member 320 is connected to the chains 313 on both sides. In addition, in order to realize the transmission function of the chain transmission assembly 310, a base (not shown in the figures) is arranged on the rail base 510, and a bearing support is arranged on the base, and a driving shaft 314 and other mechanical components are arranged on the bearing support. The driving shaft 314 connects the electric energy/kinetic energy conversion mechanism 400 and the driving sprocket 311. During energy storage, the electric energy and kinetic energy conversion mechanism 400 is powered by an electric network through a converter, the electric energy and kinetic energy conversion mechanism 400 converts electric energy input by the electric network 410 into rotary mechanical power, the rotary mechanical power is transmitted to the driving shaft 314 through the coupler 315, the driving shaft 314 drives the driving sprocket 311 to rotate, the rotary driving sprocket 311 drives the chain 313 to rotate, the force transmission piece 320 is driven by the chain 313 to circularly move along the inclined direction, so that the rotary motion is converted into upward linear motion, and the gravity energy storage element 100 is pushed by the force transmission piece 320 to move upwards along the slope. When releasing energy, the gravity energy storage element 100 moves linearly downwards along the inclined section 230 of the transfer track 200 under the action of gravity, the gravity energy storage element 100 drives the force transmission member 320 to move, the force transmission member 320 drives the chain 313 to move, so that the driving sprocket 311 is driven to rotate, the driving shaft 314 is driven to rotate, the linear motion is converted into the rotary motion to drive the electric energy and kinetic energy conversion mechanism 400, and at the moment, the electric energy and kinetic energy conversion mechanism 400 is in a power generation state, so that mechanical rotary power is converted into electric energy to be input into the power grid 410. The energy conversion element of the electric energy-kinetic energy conversion mechanism adopts a rotating motor, and the energy conversion efficiency of the rotating motor is higher than that of a linear motor, so that the energy conversion efficiency is higher.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the driving sprockets 311 of the two chain transmission assemblies 310 in this embodiment are connected to the driving shaft 314, so that the driving sprockets 311 on the left and right sides are synchronously driven by the driving shaft 314 to synchronously rotate, and synchronous conveying of the chains 313 on the left and right sides is realized. In addition, the two driven sprockets 312 on the left and right sides are also connected by a rod shaft, so that the two driven sprockets 312 rotate synchronously.

As shown in fig. 4, a braking mechanism 600 is disposed on the pushing mechanism 300, and the braking mechanism 600 includes: a brake drum 610, and a brake pad 620. The brake drum 610 is connected to an end of the driving shaft 314 facing away from the electric energy-kinetic energy conversion mechanism 400, and the brake pad 620 is used for abutting against the brake drum 610. The specific working principle is as follows: after the electric energy and kinetic energy conversion mechanism 400 is powered on, the driving shaft 314 is driven to rotate, when the driving shaft 314 needs to stop, namely the chain transmission assembly 310 stops transmission, the driving shaft 314 cannot immediately stop rotating due to inertia after the electric energy and kinetic energy conversion mechanism 400 is powered off. And the gravity energy storage element 100 on the transfer track moves downwards due to the pushing action of the gravity, the lifting channel needs to be stopped by the braking mechanism 600, and then the braking mechanism 600 is started, so that the brake pad 620 tightly holds the brake drum 610, and the driving shaft 314 is locked and braked. Causing the chain drive assembly 310 to immediately stop driving.

It is easy to think that the electric energy-kinetic energy conversion mechanism 400 can be a motor and a generator separately arranged (not shown in the figure), and the motor and the generator can be respectively connected with the driving shaft 314 through a clutch, so that when energy storage is needed, the clutch is started, the motor is connected with the driving shaft 314, and the driving shaft 314 is driven to rotate after the motor is powered on, thereby realizing the rotation of the chain transmission assembly 310 and driving the gravity energy storage element 100 to ascend. When energy needs to be released, the clutch is started, so that the generator is connected with the driving shaft 314, the gravity energy storage element 100 descends to drive the chain transmission assembly 310 to move, and the driving shaft 314 drives the generator to rotate, so that the generator generates electricity. In this embodiment, the motor and the generator are of the same structure, and when the motor and the generator are powered on, the motor functions to drive the driving shaft 314 to rotate. In addition, when the driving shaft 314 rotates due to the driving of the gravity energy storage element 100, the function of a generator is realized.

Example two

Based on the same concept, as shown in fig. 8 and fig. 9, on the basis of the first embodiment, the invention further provides a gravity energy storage element 100 for the solid gravity flow carrying device; the gravity energy storage element 100 is used in cooperation with the force transmission member 320, and the gravity energy storage element 100 comprises an energy storage element body 110 and a rail wheel 120. The rail wheel 120 is rotatably disposed on the energy storage element body 110 and moves against the transfer rail 200. The rail wheels 120 are provided in plurality, and the plurality of rail wheels 120 respectively abut against the transfer rails 200 on both sides. In this way, the rail wheel 120 supports the energy storage element body 110, and reduces the friction force of the energy storage element body 110 on the transfer rail 200, so that the energy storage element body 110 can move on the transfer rail 200 more stably.

The gravity energy storage element 100 can be a molded solid weight, and the weight is configured according to different energy storage power station units, and a plurality of standard grades are respectively set at 20-200 tons. The material can be selected from cast steel workpieces, concrete members and structural members of which the shells of the steel members are filled with other solid materials. In addition, the gravity energy storage element 100 may also be a housing with an inner cavity, and the gravity energy storage element 100 is formed by filling a medium in the housing, such as water, sand, and the like available in nature, so that the manufacturing cost of the gravity energy storage element 100 can be saved.

As shown in fig. 6, the force transmission member 320 in the first embodiment of the gravity flow solid carrying device includes a plurality of force transmission rods 321, the plurality of force transmission rods 321 are provided, and the left and right sides of the force transmission rods 321 are respectively connected with the chains 313 on the left and right sides by the pins 316 in an interference fit connection manner, so that the connection structure is simple, the fixation is firm, and the positions of the force transmission rods 321 on the chains 313 are not easy to deform. It is contemplated that the force-transmitting member 320 may be other force-transmitting structures such as hooks, push plates, etc.

As shown in fig. 8, the gravity energy storage element 100 further includes: a hook tooth 140 provided on the energy storage element body 110. The hook teeth 140 hook the force transmission rod 321 and transmit torque. In a specific structure, the rack plate 130 is disposed at the bottom of the energy storage element body 110, the plurality of hook teeth 140 are disposed on the rack plate 130, and the hook 141 of the hook teeth 140 faces one side of the low altitude section 210, that is, the hook 141 of the hook teeth 140 faces forward. Thus, when the chain transmission assembly 310 drives the transmission rod 321 to move, the transmission rod 321 moves from bottom to top, so that the transmission rod 321 can move to the position of the hook tooth 140 and hook into the hook 141 of the hook tooth 140, thereby pushing the energy storage element body 110 to move upwards. When the energy storage element body 110 slides downwards, the hook 140 slides to the position of the transmission rod 321, and abuts against the transmission rod 321 through the hook 141 of the hook 140, so as to drive the work chain 313 to rotate. The inclined surface 142 is formed on one side of the hook tooth 140 facing the high altitude section 220, and the inclined surface 142 is inclined from front to back along the direction from bottom to top, so that the connection structure between the hook tooth 140 and the rack plate 130 has high strength, the hook tooth 140 is not easy to break, and the inclined surface 142 is not easy to interfere with the dowel 321 on the chain 313.

As shown in fig. 8, in the embodiment, one end of the energy storage element body 110 is provided with a pushing concave platform 150, and the other end is provided with a pushing convex platform 160. The ejection boss 150 of one of the gravity energy storage elements 100 is used for abutting against the ejection boss 160 of another adjacent gravity energy storage element 100. In a specific structure, when the gravity energy storage element 100 is pushed, the gravity energy storage elements 100 are sequentially abutted, and when the lowermost gravity energy storage element 100 is pushed by the pushing mechanism 300 or the horizontal pushing mechanism 500, the gravity energy storage elements 100 abutted against each other can be simultaneously pushed, so that the gravity energy storage elements 100 are continuously pushed. Therefore, the front end surface and the rear end surface of the energy storage element body 110 are respectively provided with the pushing boss 160 and the pushing recess 150. The top surface of the pushing boss 160 is a convex spherical surface. The top surface of the pushing concave table 150 is a concave spherical surface. Thus, the pushing boss 160 with the convex spherical surface can be embedded into the pushing boss 150 with the concave spherical surface, so that the gravity energy storage elements 100 are sequentially and stably abutted. The convex spherical pushing boss 160 can have a certain rotation space in the concave spherical pushing boss 150, so that the gravity energy storage element 100 can transition from the low altitude section 210 to the inclined section 230, and can still keep a leaning state when transitioning from the inclined section 230 to the high altitude section 220, thereby realizing a stable transition.

The upper surface of the gravity energy storage element 100 is provided with a hooking recess groove 170, and a roller recess groove 171. When the gravity energy storage elements 100 are stacked, the hook recess groove 170 is used for accommodating the hook 140 of another adjacent gravity energy storage element 100, and the roller recess groove 171 is used for accommodating the rail wheel 120 of another adjacent gravity energy storage element 100. This facilitates stacking of the gravity energy storage elements 100.

Hanging parts 180 are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the gravity energy storage element 100. The hanging part 180 may facilitate the handling of the gravity energy storage device 100, for example, after reaching the high altitude section 220, the hanging part 180 may be hooked by a crane to transfer the gravity energy storage device 100 out of the transfer rail 200 and move to a specific stacking area. The hanging part 180 in this embodiment is a plurality of hanging grooves 181, and the hanging grooves 181 are provided at four corners of the upper part of the left side and the right side of the gravity energy storage element 100. The upper groove wall of the hoisting groove 181 is parallel to the horizontal plane or is inclined, and if the upper groove wall is inclined, the upper groove wall is inclined from the lower part to the upper part in the inward direction of the groove opening. Therefore, the hoisting is firmer and more convenient.

Therefore, the working principle of the above embodiment is as follows: when energy storage is needed, the electric energy-kinetic energy conversion mechanism 400 is powered on and operates as a motor to convert the electric energy of the power grid 410 into kinetic energy of upward displacement of the gravity energy storage element 100, and pushes the gravity energy storage element 100 to move from low altitude to high altitude. The electric energy and kinetic energy conversion mechanism 400 transmits mechanical rotation power to the pushing mechanism 300 through the coupler 315, the pushing mechanism 300 drives the driving sprockets 311 on the left side and the right side to rotate through the driving shaft 314, and then the rotation motion is converted into upward unidirectional linear motion through the chain 313; the rotating chains 313 on the left and right sides transmit torque to the dowel bar 321 through the pin 316, and the dowel bar 321 is hooked and engaged with the hook teeth 140 at the bottom of the gravity energy storage element 100 to push the gravity energy storage element 100 to move upwards; the upward force is transmitted to the previous gravity energy storage element 100 by contacting the pushing boss 160 at the rear part of the gravity energy storage element 100 which is abutted against each other in sequence with the pushing boss 150 at the front part of the previous gravity energy storage element 100 to transmit the upward force to the previous gravity energy storage element 100, so as to push the previous gravity energy storage element 100 to move upwards; in the whole process of the inclined end between the low-altitude section 210 and the high-altitude section 220, the rear pushing boss 160 of the next gravity energy storage element 100 is connected with the front pushing boss 150 of the previous gravity energy storage element 100 in a head-to-tail block manner, and extends from the inlet of the low-altitude section 210 to the outlet of the high-altitude section 220, and the gravity energy storage element 100 is continuously pushed from the low-altitude section 210 to the high-altitude section 220 under the power driving of the pushing mechanism 300 on the inclined section 230. The gravity energy storage element 100 absorbs the kinetic energy from low altitude to high altitude to form potential difference energy, so as to realize energy storage.

When energy storage is required, the pushing mechanism 300 operates in reverse. On the inclined section 230 of the transfer track 200, the whole gravity energy storage elements 100 are connected end to end, and under the action of gravity, the whole gravity energy storage elements continuously move linearly along the inclined section 230 of the transfer track 200 to the low-altitude section 210. In the inclined section 230, the hook teeth 140 at the bottom of the gravity energy storage element 100 are meshed with the force transmission rod 321 on the chain transmission assembly 310, the gravity of the gravity energy storage element 100 on the whole inclined section 230 of the transfer track 200 is transmitted to the chain 313 through the force transmission rod 321, the chain 313 is pulled to perform linear motion constrained by the inclined transfer track 200, the chain 313 pulls the driving sprocket 311 to be converted into rotary motion of the driving sprocket 311, the driving sprocket 311 is coaxially connected with the electric energy and kinetic energy conversion mechanism 400 through the driving shaft 314 through the coupler 315, the rotary mechanical power drives the electric energy and kinetic energy conversion mechanism 400 to rotate and generate electricity, and a winding of the electric energy and kinetic energy conversion mechanism 400 is electrically connected with a power grid 410 access device to feed back the electricity to the power grid 410.

EXAMPLE III

Based on the same concept, as shown in fig. 10, on the basis of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, the invention further provides an energy storage system, which comprises the solid gravity flow carrying device as described above, and a plurality of gravity energy storage elements 100, a low-altitude storage yard 700 and a high-altitude storage yard 710; the gravity energy storage element 100 is separated from or connected to the pushing mechanism 300, the low-altitude section 210 penetrates through the low-altitude storage yard 700, and the high-altitude section 220 penetrates through the high-altitude storage yard 710. When the energy storage system stores energy, the low-altitude yard 700 is configured to push the gravity energy storage elements 100 to the low-altitude section 210, and the high-altitude yard 710 is configured to receive and store the gravity energy storage elements 100 from the high-altitude section 220. When the energy storage system is de-energized, the high-altitude yard 710 is configured to deliver the gravity energy storage elements 100 to the high-altitude section 220, and the low-altitude yard 700 is configured to receive and store the gravity energy storage elements 100 from the low-altitude section 210. This allows space to be fully utilized to store more of the gravity energy storage elements 100.

As shown in fig. 11, the low-altitude storage yard 700 and the high-altitude storage yard 710 are both provided with traveling cranes 720 for loading, unloading and stacking the gravity energy storage elements 100, and the traveling cranes 720 are vertically arranged along the extending direction of the transfer track 200. The travelling crane 720 is provided with a plurality of travelling cranes 720, and the plurality of travelling cranes 720 alternately load or unload the gravity energy storage elements 100 on the transfer track 200. To ensure the formation of a gravity flow of solids in the hoistway.

The low-altitude storage yard 700 and the high-altitude storage yard 710 of the gravity energy storage element 100 are respectively positioned at the two ends of a low-altitude and high-altitude lifting channel formed by the transfer track 200, the low-altitude section 210 of the transfer track 200 is arranged on the low-altitude storage yard 700, the high-altitude section 220 of the transfer track 200 is arranged on the high-altitude storage yard 710, and the low-altitude section 210 and the high-altitude section 220 are respectively connected with the middle inclined section 230, so that a communication channel from the low-altitude storage yard 700 to the high-altitude storage yard 710 of the gravity energy storage element 100 is formed. The high-altitude and low-altitude storage yard 700 of the gravity energy storage element 100 has the same basic structure and equipment configuration, a travelling crane 720 for loading, unloading and stacking the gravity energy storage element 100 is installed on the storage yard of the gravity energy storage element, and the travelling crane 720 is vertically arranged along the extension direction of the transfer track 200; the arrangement quantity is designed according to the energy storage scale, and the working area of the traveling crane 720 in each storage yard is not less than 20 rows. Two traveling cranes 720 are arranged in the working area of each traveling crane 720, and the two traveling cranes 720 alternately unload the gravity energy storage elements 100 on the transfer track 200 and transfer the gravity energy storage elements to a stacking position. The low-altitude storage yard 700 and the high-altitude storage yard 710 are respectively provided with a loading and unloading section 740, a buffer storage section 730 and a storage yard 750, which are preferably terrain leveling sites. But can also be constructed according to terrain conditions. The handling section 740 is disposed at a side close to the inclined section 230 of the transfer track 200 and is used for moving the gravity energy storage elements 100 on the transfer track 200 to the buffer section 730, the buffer section 730 is used for buffering the gravity energy storage elements 100 to be transported or conveyed, and the yard 750 is disposed at a side far from the inclined section 230 and is used for storing the gravity energy storage elements 100.

As shown in fig. 10, the energy storage system further includes a system main controller 800, a low-altitude yard control module 810 and a high-altitude yard control module 820, wherein the low-altitude yard control module 810 is used for controlling the operation of the low-altitude yard equipment, the high-altitude yard control module 820 is used for controlling the operation of the high-altitude yard equipment, and the system main controller 800 is electrically connected with the low-altitude yard control module 810 and the high-altitude yard control module 820 respectively and controls the low-altitude yard control module and the high-altitude yard control module respectively. The electric energy and kinetic energy conversion mechanism 400 is electrically connected with a converter 830, and the converter 830 is electrically connected with the system main controller 800 and the power grid 410 respectively. And automatic control of the energy storage system is realized.

In summary, the present invention provides a solid gravity flow carrying device, a gravity energy storage element and an energy storage system, wherein a transfer track 200 is laid, so that the gravity energy storage element 100 can directionally ascend or directionally descend along the transfer track 200, when energy is stored, an electric energy-kinetic energy conversion mechanism 400 converts electric energy into mechanical kinetic energy to drive a plurality of pushing mechanisms 300 to move, and the plurality of pushing mechanisms 300 move to drive a plurality of gravity energy storage elements 100 to be continuously pushed from a low-altitude section 210 to a high-altitude section 220 along an inclined section 230. When energy is released, the gravity energy storage elements 100 are continuously pushed from the high-altitude section 220 to the low-altitude section 210 along the inclined section 230 to slide downwards to form a gravity action, and the plurality of pushing mechanisms 300 move under the gravity action of the plurality of gravity energy storage elements 100 and drive the corresponding electric energy-kinetic energy conversion mechanisms 400 to convert mechanical kinetic energy into electric energy. Thereby realizing the storage and the release of the electric energy. When the electric energy is sufficient, the electric energy is converted into mechanical energy to push the gravity energy storage element 100 to a high position, so that gravitational potential energy is formed for storage; when the electric energy is in shortage, the gravity energy release of the gravity energy storage element 100 stored at a high position is converted into the electric energy. And a plurality of gravity energy storage component 100 form solid gravity and flow when the propelling movement, and the required drive power of solid gravity on the whole transfer orbit 200 flows is just very big, consequently the setting of push mechanism 300 segmentation can carry out the propelling movement with a plurality of gravity energy storage component 100 segmentation, and like this push mechanism 300 only needs to be responsible for a section distance with partial gravity energy storage component 100 propelling movement to avoid the thrust of whole solid gravity to flow to concentrate, and if the thrust of solid gravity flows is concentrated, the prior art can not provide sufficient power, and powerful very high to whole push mechanism 300's structure, spare part can not bear the thrust of concentrating like this. The pushing mechanism 300 arranged in a segmented mode avoids thrust concentration, structure burden is relieved, stability of equipment is enhanced, the equipment is not easy to break, and maintenance cost is reduced. And the process of continuous pushing enables the energy of the gravity energy storage element 100 to continuously ascend or descend, and as the water flow, the continuous unidirectional uninterrupted motion is kept in the functional time period, so that the utilization efficiency of the equipment is high. And this solid gravity flow carrying equipment can directly utilize the mountain slope just can lay, or form the difference in height structure of height and lay, compares water pumping energy storage, and its topography requirement is low, extensive applicability. Therefore, the landform geographic resources with large altitude difference between the high altitude of the plateau and the low altitude of the basin (plain) are enriched, so as to meet the resource guarantee of the ultra-large-scale energy storage required by energy transformation. Meanwhile, the altitude difference is utilized to the maximum extent, and the energy density of unit mass is improved, so that the consumption of solid energy storage elements and the occupation of land are reduced. The carrying equipment does not need a frequency conversion and speed change device, has a simple structure, and reduces the engineering investment and the daily maintenance cost to the maximum extent.

It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the examples described above, but that modifications and variations may be effected thereto by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the foregoing description, and that all such modifications and variations are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A solid gravity flow carrier device for transferring a gravity energy storage element, comprising:

the electric energy and kinetic energy conversion mechanism is provided with a plurality of electric energy and kinetic energy conversion mechanisms which are correspondingly connected with the plurality of pushing mechanisms;

2. The solids gravity flow carrier of claim 1, wherein the pushing mechanism comprises two chain drive assemblies on either side, and a force transfer member disposed between the two chain drive assemblies;

3. The solids gravity flow carrier apparatus of claim 2, wherein the pushing mechanism further comprises a drive shaft to which the drive sprockets of both of the chain drive assemblies are connected;

a brake pad for abutting against the brake drum.

4. The solids gravity flow carrier device of claim 2, further comprising a horizontal pusher mechanism disposed at a low altitude section and a high altitude section of the transfer track;

the ram is arranged on the slideway in a sliding manner;

the linear motor is arranged below the ram and connected with the ram.

5. A gravity energy storage element for use in a solid gravity flow carrier device according to any one of claims 2 to 4; wherein the force transfer member comprises a force transfer rod;

the hook tooth is hooked with the dowel bar and transmits torque.

6. The gravity energy storage element according to claim 5, wherein one end of the energy storage element body is provided with a pushing concave platform, and the other end is provided with a pushing convex platform;

7. A gravity energy storage element according to claim 5, further comprising: the rail wheel is rotatably arranged on the energy storage element body and abuts against the transfer rail to move;

8. The gravity energy storage element according to claim 5, wherein the upper surface of the gravity energy storage element is provided with a gullet indentation groove, and a roller indentation groove;

9. An energy storage system comprising a solid gravity flow carrier device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and a plurality of gravity energy storage elements, a low altitude yard and a high altitude yard; the gravity energy storage element is separated from or connected with the pushing mechanism, the low-altitude section penetrates through the low-altitude storage yard, and the high-altitude section penetrates through the high-altitude storage yard;

10. The energy storage system of claim 9, wherein the low-altitude pile and the high-altitude pile yard are each equipped with a trolley for loading, unloading and stacking the gravity energy storage elements, the trolley being vertically arranged along the extension direction of the transfer track;

the travelling crane is provided with a plurality of travelling cranes which load or unload the gravity energy storage elements on the transfer track alternately.