CN113653478B - Perforating device, testing system and testing method for hydraulic fracturing simulation experiment - Google Patents
Perforating device, testing system and testing method for hydraulic fracturing simulation experiment Download PDFInfo
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- CN113653478B CN113653478B CN202111063491.0A CN202111063491A CN113653478B CN 113653478 B CN113653478 B CN 113653478B CN 202111063491 A CN202111063491 A CN 202111063491A CN 113653478 B CN113653478 B CN 113653478B
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003079 shale oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
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Abstract
The invention provides a perforating device, a test system and an experimental method for a hydraulic fracturing simulation experiment, wherein the perforating device comprises a box body, a driving mechanism and a drilling assembly, the box body is enclosed to form an accommodating space and is provided with a guide hole, the driving mechanism is accommodated in the accommodating space, the output end of the driving mechanism can rotate, the drilling assembly comprises an outer sleeve, an inner sleeve and a drill bit piece, the outer sleeve is arranged on the box body corresponding to the guide hole, the inner sleeve is arranged in the outer sleeve in a penetrating mode and is connected with the output end of the driving mechanism, a spiral groove is formed in the outer sleeve, a straight groove is formed in the inner sleeve, and a guide column which penetrates through the straight groove and is clamped in the spiral groove is arranged on the drill bit piece. Through the technical scheme, the spiral telescopic movement of the drill bit piece can be realized, and then the perforation operation of the horizontal naked eye hole is completed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas development, in particular to a perforating device, a test system and a test method for a hydraulic fracturing simulation experiment.
Background
Shale oil refers to a petroleum resource contained in a shale layer system mainly composed of shale. The exploration of shale oil in China has huge reserves and becomes an important ring of energy strategies in China. The shale oil reservoir has the characteristics of low porosity and low permeability, the maturity of organic matters is low, and the like, so in order to efficiently develop the shale oil reservoir, reservoir modification processes such as an ultra-long horizontal well, a small well spacing, dense cutting, three-dimensional development and the like are provided at present, so that a large number of hydraulic fractures can be formed in the shale oil reservoir, the drainage area of the reservoir is greatly increased, a large number of oil and gas migration channels with high flow conductivity are formed in the reservoir, the shale oil exploitation conditions are greatly improved, and the reservoir recovery ratio is improved.
The shale close-cutting reservoir reconstruction process requires that multiple clusters of holes are formed in each section of a horizontal open hole, so that multiple transverse main seams are formed in one fracturing section, and the reservoir reconstruction volume of the single fracturing section is increased. With the progress of the technology, the distance between the fracture sections is gradually reduced, the distance between the fracture sections is compressed to be below 50m, and the stress interference between the fractures is considered, so that the distance between the fracture sections is gradually reduced, and the clustering parameter optimization is also promoted. Experimental research is an important reference for engineering technology and process improvement, but the dense cutting technology used in large quantity at present still lacks sufficient effective experimental guidance, and particularly, the experimental verification of spiral perforation and segmented multi-cluster perforation cannot be carried out due to the lack of a perforation device which can carry out perforation operation in the experiment.
Disclosure of Invention
To at least partially solve the above problems in the prior art, an object of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a perforating device, a testing system and a testing method for hydraulic fracture simulation experiment.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a perforating device for hydraulic fracture simulation experiment, wherein the perforating device comprises: the drilling device comprises a box body, a driving mechanism and a drilling assembly; the box body is enclosed to form an accommodating space and is provided with a guide hole; the driving mechanism is accommodated in the accommodating space and the output end can rotate; the drilling assembly comprises an outer sleeve, an inner sleeve and a drill bit piece, wherein the outer sleeve is arranged on the box body in a corresponding mode, the inner sleeve is arranged in the outer sleeve in a penetrating mode and connected with the output end of the driving mechanism, a spiral groove is formed in the outer sleeve, a straight groove is formed in the inner sleeve, and a guide column which penetrates through the straight groove and is clamped in the spiral groove is arranged on the drill bit piece.
In the embodiment of the invention, the driving mechanism comprises a worm arranged on the box body and a worm wheel which is in transmission connection with the worm and is arranged in the accommodating space, and the inner sleeve is connected with the worm wheel.
In the embodiment of the invention, the two opposite sides of the box body are respectively provided with a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole, bearing pieces are arranged in the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole, and two ends of the worm correspondingly penetrate through the bearing pieces in the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole one by one.
In the embodiment of the invention, one end of the worm extending out of the accommodating space is provided with at least two connecting columns, the at least two connecting columns are sequentially arranged at intervals along the length direction of the worm, and the driving mechanism further comprises a power part selectively connected with one of the connecting columns.
In the embodiment of the invention, the inner sleeve comprises a first connecting seat embedded in the connecting hole of the worm wheel and a pipe body connected with the first connecting seat and penetrating through the outer sleeve, two straight grooves are arranged on the pipe body at intervals, and the two straight grooves extend along the length direction of the pipe body.
In the embodiment of the invention, the drill bit piece comprises a second connecting seat and a drill bit body arranged on the second connecting seat, wherein two guide columns are arranged on the second connecting seat, and the two guide columns and the two straight grooves are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
In the embodiment of the invention, one end of the straight groove is provided with a first limiting groove communicated with the straight groove, the other end of the straight groove is provided with a second limiting groove communicated with the straight groove, the first limiting groove and the second limiting groove are arranged along the straight groove in a bending and extending manner, and the first limiting groove and the second limiting groove are arranged in an extending manner in a back-to-back manner.
In the embodiment of the invention, the outer sleeve is arranged in the accommodating space.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a test system for a hydraulic fracture simulation experiment, wherein the test system comprises: a true triaxial hydraulic fracturing simulation experiment instrument and a perforation device for hydraulic fracturing simulation experiment according to the above.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a hydraulic fracture simulation experiment method, wherein the hydraulic fracture simulation experiment method is applied to the test system for hydraulic fracture simulation experiment according to the above, and the hydraulic fracture simulation experiment method includes:
drilling a horizontal naked eye hole on the outcrop rock sample;
controlling a perforating device to drill a first perforation group on a first layer section of the horizontal naked eye, wherein the first perforation group comprises a plurality of first perforations spirally arranged at intervals according to a first preset phase angle and a first preset interval;
controlling the perforating device to drill a second perforation group on a second layer section of the horizontal naked eye, wherein the second perforation group comprises a plurality of second perforations spirally arranged at intervals according to a second preset phase angle and a second preset interval;
putting the shaft into the horizontal open hole, and fixing and sealing the shaft;
and controlling a liquid injection system of the true triaxial hydraulic fracturing experimental instrument to inject fracturing liquid into the shaft, and carrying out a fracturing experiment.
Through the technical scheme, the perforating device for the hydraulic fracturing simulation experiment provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the perforating device for the hydraulic fracturing simulation experiment comprises a box body, a driving mechanism and a drilling assembly, wherein the box body is enclosed to form an accommodating space and is provided with a guide hole, the driving mechanism is accommodated in the accommodating space, the output end of the driving mechanism can do rotary motion, the drilling assembly comprises an outer sleeve pipe, an inner sleeve pipe and a drill bit piece, the outer sleeve pipe is arranged on the box body in a corresponding mode, the inner sleeve pipe is arranged in the outer sleeve pipe in a penetrating mode and is connected with the output end of the driving mechanism, a spiral groove is formed in the outer sleeve pipe, a straight groove is formed in the inner sleeve pipe, a guide post penetrating through the straight groove and clamped in the spiral groove is arranged on the drill bit piece, namely when the horizontal naked eye hole needs to be subjected to spiral perforation and multi-cluster perforation staged fracturing experiment verification, the driving mechanism can drive the inner sleeve pipe to do rotary motion, the guide post penetrating through the straight groove of the inner sleeve pipe and clamped in the spiral groove of the outer sleeve pipe can move together, and the guide post penetrates through the straight groove and is clamped in the spiral groove, and further enabling the guide column to move in the straight groove and the spiral groove simultaneously, and coupling the linear motion in the straight groove with the spiral motion in the spiral groove to realize the spiral telescopic motion of the drill bit piece and further complete the perforation operation of the horizontal naked eye hole.
Additional features and advantages of embodiments of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the embodiments of the invention without limiting the embodiments of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a schematic diagram of a perforating device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a partial structural view of a perforating device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a case according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 schematically illustrates a worm gear in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 schematically illustrates a structural view of an outer sleeve according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 schematically shows a structural view of the inner sleeve according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 7 schematically shows a construction of a drill member according to an embodiment of the invention.
Description of the reference numerals
| 1 | |
11 | |
| 12 | |
13 | Containing |
| 14 | |
15 | |
| 16 | |
17 | |
| 2 | |
21 | |
| 211 | |
212 | Connecting |
| 22 | |
221 | Connecting |
| 222 | Clamping |
3 | |
| 31 | Helical groove | 4 | |
| 41 | First connecting |
42 | |
| 421 | |
422 | |
| 423 | |
5 | |
| 51 | Second connecting |
52 | |
| 53 | Guide post |
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
The perforating device for hydraulic fracture simulation experiments according to the present invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a perforating device for a hydraulic fracture simulation experiment, wherein the perforating device for the hydraulic fracture simulation experiment comprises:
the box body 1 is enclosed to form an accommodating space 13 and is provided with a guide hole 16;
a driving mechanism 2 accommodated in the accommodating space 13 and having an output end capable of rotating; and
the drilling assembly comprises an outer sleeve 3, an inner sleeve 4 and a drill bit 5, wherein the outer sleeve 3 corresponds to the guide hole 16 and is arranged on the box body, the inner sleeve 4 penetrates through the outer sleeve 3 and is connected with the output end of the driving mechanism 2, a spiral groove 31 is formed in the outer sleeve 3, a straight groove 421 is formed in the inner sleeve 4, and a guide column 53 which penetrates through the straight groove 421 and is clamped in the spiral groove 31 is arranged on the drill bit 5.
In the embodiment of the invention, the perforating device for the hydraulic fracturing simulation experiment comprises a box body 1, a driving mechanism 2 and a drilling assembly, wherein the box body 1 is enclosed to form an accommodating space 13 and is provided with a guide hole 16, the driving mechanism 2 is accommodated in the accommodating space 13, the output end of the driving mechanism 2 can rotate, the drilling assembly comprises an outer sleeve 3, an inner sleeve 4 and a drill bit 5, the outer sleeve 3 is arranged on the box body corresponding to the guide hole 16, the inner sleeve 4 is arranged in the outer sleeve 3 in a penetrating mode and is connected with the output end of the driving mechanism 2, a spiral groove 31 is formed in the outer sleeve 3, a straight groove 421 is formed in the inner sleeve 4, and a guide column 53 is arranged on the drill bit 5 in a penetrating mode and clamped in the spiral groove 31 through the straight groove 421, namely when the horizontal bare hole is required to be subjected to the staged fracturing experiment verification of spiral perforation and multi-cluster perforation, the driving mechanism 2 can drive the inner sleeve 4 to rotate, and the guide column 53 arranged in the spiral groove 421 of the outer sleeve 3 in a penetrating mode and can move together with the following mode Because the guide post 53 passes through the straight groove 421 and is clamped in the spiral groove 31, the guide post 53 is further moved in the straight groove 421 and the spiral groove 31, and the linear motion in the straight groove 421 is coupled with the spiral motion in the spiral groove 31, so that the spiral telescopic motion of the drill bit piece 5 is realized, and the perforation operation of the horizontal naked eye hole is completed.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2 again, in the embodiment of the present invention, the driving mechanism 2 includes a worm 21 mounted on the box 1 and a worm wheel 22 in transmission connection with the worm 21 and disposed in the accommodating space 13, and the inner sleeve 4 is connected with the worm wheel 22. That is, the inner tube 4 is provided on the worm wheel 22, and the inner tube 4 can be rotated by rotating the control worm 21. The worm wheel 22 and the worm 21 are compact in structure and arranged in an intersecting mode, so that perforating operation on the wall surface of the horizontal naked eye hole can be facilitated. Of course the invention is not limited to this, but other suitable drive mechanisms 2 are possible. In particular, the transmission ratio between the worm 21 and the worm wheel 22 may be 10-1000.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, in the embodiment of the present invention, a first mounting hole 14 and a second mounting hole 15 are respectively formed on two opposite sides of the box body 1, bearing members 17 are respectively disposed in the first mounting hole 14 and the second mounting hole 15, and two ends of the worm 21 correspondingly penetrate through the bearing members 17 in the first mounting hole 14 and the second mounting hole 15. By supporting both ends of the worm 21 by the bearing member 17, the friction coefficient during its movement can be reduced and the revolution accuracy thereof can be ensured. In addition, the worm 21 and the bearing member 17 can be matched by a base hole system, meanwhile, an annular groove 211 is further formed in the position, corresponding to the bearing member 17, of the worm 21, an O-ring is placed in the annular groove 211, the depth of the annular groove 211 can be 0.5mm, and then the inner diameter of the O-ring can be obtained by subtracting 0.5mm from the outer diameter of the worm 21.
In the embodiment of the present invention, at least two connecting columns 212 are disposed at one end of the worm 21 extending out of the accommodating space 13, the at least two connecting columns 212 are sequentially disposed at intervals along the length direction of the worm 21, and the driving mechanism 2 further includes a power member selectively connected to one of the connecting columns 212. That is, when the perforating device performs perforating operation on the first layer section of the horizontal naked eye, the power element can select one connecting column 212, which is closest to the box body 1, of at least two connecting columns 212 to connect, and when the perforating device performs perforating operation on the second layer section of the horizontal naked eye, the power element can select the next connecting column 212 to connect, and by analogy, perforating operation on the next layer section can be performed, so that segmented multi-cluster perforating operation can be realized, and it needs to be particularly explained that the second layer section is located on the inner side of the horizontal naked eye compared with the first layer section. Meanwhile, the spacing between two adjacent connection columns 212 may be determined according to the corresponding spacing between two adjacent intervals.
Specifically, the power part can be an electric motor or a motor.
As shown in fig. 2 to 4, in the embodiment of the present invention, the inner sleeve 4 includes a first connecting seat 41 embedded in the connecting hole 221 of the worm wheel 22 and a tube body 42 connected to the first connecting seat 41 and passing through the outer sleeve 3, two straight grooves 421 are arranged on the tube body 42 at intervals, and both the two straight grooves 421 extend along the length direction of the tube body 42. The hole wall of the connection hole 221 of the worm wheel 22 is formed with a clamping groove 222, the first connection seat 41 includes a first branch portion accommodated in the connection hole 221 and a second branch portion accommodated in the clamping groove 222, and the clamping groove 222 stops the second branch portion, so that the inner sleeve 4 and the worm wheel 22 can be stably connected. Meanwhile, the pipe body 42 is a cylindrical pipe body, and the two straight grooves 421 are uniformly distributed on the pipe body 42 at intervals, that is, the central angle between the two straight grooves 421 may be 180 °.
Referring to fig. 2 and 7, in the embodiment of the present invention, the drilling member 5 includes a second connecting seat 51 and a drilling body 52 disposed on the second connecting seat 51, two guiding studs 53 are disposed on the second connecting seat 51, and the two guiding studs 53 are disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the two straight grooves 421, so that the stability of the spiral telescopic motion of the drilling member 5 can be ensured.
As shown in fig. 6, in the embodiment of the present invention, one end of the straight groove 421 is provided with a first limiting groove 422 communicated with the straight groove 421, the other end of the straight groove 421 is provided with a second limiting groove 423 communicated with the straight groove 421, the first limiting groove 422 and the second limiting groove 423 are both bent and extended along the straight groove 421, and the first limiting groove 422 and the second limiting groove 423 are oppositely extended. Specifically, when the first stopper groove 422 is provided at an end close to the worm wheel 22 and the second stopper groove 423 is provided at an end far from the worm wheel 22, the second stopper groove 423 may restrict the continued movement of the guide post 53 when the drill bit 5 performs the helical extension movement, and the first stopper groove 422 may restrict the continued movement of the guide post 53 when the drill bit 5 performs the helical retraction movement.
As shown in fig. 5, in the embodiment of the present invention, the spiral groove 31 may be provided in a spiral structure of at least two turns.
Referring to fig. 1 again, in the embodiment of the present invention, the outer sleeve 3 is disposed in the accommodating space 13, and the tube body 42 of the inner sleeve 4 is sleeved in the outer sleeve 3, that is, the inner sleeve 4 is also accommodated in the accommodating space 13, so that the overall structure layout is compact.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, in the embodiment of the present invention, the box body 1 includes a square frame 11 and a bottom plate 12 disposed at one end of the square frame 11, the square frame 11 and the bottom plate 12 enclose to form an accommodating space 13, two opposite sides of the square frame 11 are respectively provided with a first mounting hole 14 and a second mounting hole 15, one side of the square frame 11, which is staggered from the first mounting hole 14 and the second mounting hole 15, is provided with a guide hole 16, one end of the square frame 11, which is away from the bottom plate 12, forms an opening, and the first mounting hole 14 and the second mounting hole 15 are disposed closer to the opening than the guide hole 16, that is, the worm wheel 22 is disposed closer to the bottom plate 12, and the worm 21 is disposed closer to the opening.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a test system for a hydraulic fracture simulation experiment, wherein the test system comprises: a true triaxial hydraulic fracturing simulation experiment instrument and a perforation device for hydraulic fracturing simulation experiment according to the above. Since the test system adopts all the technical solutions of the above embodiments, at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments are achieved, and details are not repeated herein.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a hydraulic fracture simulation experiment method, wherein the hydraulic fracture simulation experiment method is applied to the test system for hydraulic fracture simulation experiment according to the above, and the hydraulic fracture simulation experiment method includes:
drilling a horizontal naked eye hole on the outcrop rock sample;
controlling a perforating device to drill a first perforation group on the wall surface of a first layer section of the horizontal naked eye, wherein the first perforation group comprises a plurality of first perforations spirally arranged at intervals according to a first preset phase angle and a first preset interval;
controlling the perforating device to drill a second perforation group on the wall surface of a second layer section of the horizontal naked eye, wherein the second perforation group comprises a plurality of second perforations spirally arranged at intervals according to a second preset phase angle and a second preset interval;
putting the shaft into the horizontal open hole, and fixing and sealing the shaft;
and controlling a liquid injection system of the true triaxial hydraulic fracturing experimental instrument to inject fracturing liquid into the shaft, and carrying out a fracturing experiment.
Specifically, according to experimental requirements, horizontal naked eye holes can be drilled in the outcrop rock sample along the direction parallel to the bedding direction; connecting a power component with a connecting column 212 on the worm 21, which is closest to the box body 1, so that the drill bit body 52 extends into a first layer section of the horizontal naked eye, and spirally drilling a plurality of first perforation holes at intervals according to a first preset phase angle and a first preset interval on the first layer section to form a first perforation group, wherein the first perforation holes are spiral perforation holes on the first layer section, and the spiral perforation holes are formed by sequentially performing perforation operations at equal intervals and equal phase angles on the circumferential wall surface of one layer section; connecting the power element with the next connecting column 212 on the worm 21 so that the drill bit body 52 extends into the second interval of the horizontal naked eye, and spirally drilling and shooting a plurality of second perforation holes at intervals according to a second preset phase angle and a second preset interval on the second interval to form a second perforation group, namely the second perforation group is the spiral perforation hole on the second interval, and meanwhile, the first preset phase angle can be equal to the second preset phase angle, and the first preset interval can be equal to the second preset interval; the previous step can be continuously repeated to complete the spiral perforation operation of a third layer segment or more, so that segmented multi-cluster perforation and seam making are realized; then, the shaft is put into the horizontal open hole, glue can be injected into the annular space between the horizontal open hole and the shaft, and the shaft is fixed and sealed after the glue is condensed; and finally, controlling a liquid injection system of the true triaxial hydraulic fracturing experimental instrument to inject fracturing liquid into the shaft, and completing the segmented multi-cluster jet hole fracturing experiment.
Specifically, the segmented multi-cluster perforation fracturing experiment can evaluate whether the fracture meets the requirements or not through the fracturing duration and the pressure change obtained through experiments.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "first", "second" and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically coupled, may be electrically coupled or may be in communication with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be interconnected within two elements or in a relationship where two elements interact with each other unless otherwise specifically limited. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A perforating device for hydraulic fracture simulation experiments, the perforating device comprising:
the box body (1) is enclosed to form an accommodating space (13) and is provided with a guide hole (16);
the driving mechanism (2) is accommodated in the accommodating space (13) and the output end of the driving mechanism can rotate; and
the drilling assembly comprises an outer sleeve (3) arranged on the box body (1) corresponding to the guide hole (16), an inner sleeve (4) arranged in the outer sleeve (3) in a penetrating mode and connected with the output end of the driving mechanism (2), and a drill bit piece (5), wherein a spiral groove (31) is formed in the outer sleeve (3), a straight groove (421) is formed in the inner sleeve (4), and a guide column (53) penetrating through the straight groove (421) and clamped in the spiral groove (31) is arranged on the drill bit piece (5);
the driving mechanism (2) comprises a worm (21) installed on the box body (1) and a worm wheel (22) connected with the worm (21) in a transmission mode and arranged in the accommodating space (13), the inner sleeve (4) is connected with the worm wheel (22), the driving mechanism (2) can drive the inner sleeve (4) to perform rotary motion, and meanwhile the guide columns (53) penetrating through the straight-going groove (421) of the inner sleeve (4) and clamped in the spiral grooves (31) of the outer sleeve (3) follow together to move in the straight-going groove (421) and the spiral grooves (31).
2. The perforating device for the hydraulic fracturing simulation experiment according to claim 1, wherein a first mounting hole (14) and a second mounting hole (15) are respectively formed in two opposite sides of the box body (1), bearing pieces (17) are respectively arranged in the first mounting hole (14) and the second mounting hole (15), and two ends of the worm (21) are correspondingly arranged in the bearing pieces (17) in the first mounting hole (14) and the second mounting hole (15) in a penetrating manner.
3. Perforating device for hydraulic fracture simulation experiments according to claim 2, characterized in that the end of the worm (21) protruding from the housing space (13) is provided with at least two connecting columns (212), at least two connecting columns (212) are sequentially arranged at intervals along the length direction of the worm (21), and the driving mechanism (2) further comprises a power member selectively connected with one of the connecting columns (212).
4. The perforating device for the hydraulic fracturing simulation experiment according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner sleeve (4) comprises a first connecting seat (41) embedded in a connecting hole (221) of the worm gear (22) and a tube body (42) connected with the first connecting seat (41) and penetrating into the outer sleeve (3), two straight-going grooves (421) are arranged on the tube body (42) at intervals, and the two straight-going grooves (421) extend along the length direction of the tube body (42).
5. The perforating device for hydraulic fracture simulation experiments as claimed in claim 4, wherein the drill bit piece (5) comprises a second connecting seat (51) and a drill bit body (52) arranged on the second connecting seat (51), two guide posts (53) are arranged on the second connecting seat (51), and the two guide posts (53) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the two straight grooves (421).
6. The perforating device for the hydraulic fracturing simulation experiment according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein one end of the straight groove (421) is provided with a first limiting groove (422) communicated with the straight groove (421), the other end of the straight groove (421) is provided with a second limiting groove (423) communicated with the straight groove (421), the first limiting groove (422) and the second limiting groove (423) are both arranged along the straight groove (421) in a bending and extending manner, and the first limiting groove (422) and the second limiting groove (423) are arranged in a back-to-back extending manner.
7. Perforating device for hydraulic fracture simulation experiments according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the outer casing (3) is built into the receiving space (13).
8. A testing system for hydraulic fracture simulation experiments, the testing system comprising: a true triaxial hydraulic fracture simulation experiment instrument and a perforating device for hydraulic fracture simulation experiments according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. A hydraulic fracture simulation experiment method, wherein the hydraulic fracture simulation experiment method is applied to the test system for the hydraulic fracture simulation experiment according to claim 8, and the hydraulic fracture simulation experiment method comprises the following steps:
drilling a horizontal naked eye hole on the outcrop rock sample;
controlling a perforating device to drill a first perforation group on a first layer section of the horizontal naked eye, wherein the first perforation group comprises a plurality of first perforations spirally arranged at intervals according to a first preset phase angle and a first preset interval;
controlling the perforating device to drill a second perforation group on a second layer section of the horizontal naked eye, wherein the second perforation group comprises a plurality of second perforations spirally arranged at intervals according to a second preset phase angle and a second preset interval;
a shaft is put into the horizontal open hole, and the shaft is fixed and sealed;
and controlling an injection system of the true triaxial hydraulic fracturing experimental instrument to inject fracturing fluid into the shaft, and performing a fracturing experiment.
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