CN113652722B - Zinc-aluminum-magnesium alloy ingot and method for producing uniform zinc-aluminum-magnesium plating solution - Google Patents
Zinc-aluminum-magnesium alloy ingot and method for producing uniform zinc-aluminum-magnesium plating solution Download PDFInfo
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- CN113652722B CN113652722B CN202110954581.2A CN202110954581A CN113652722B CN 113652722 B CN113652722 B CN 113652722B CN 202110954581 A CN202110954581 A CN 202110954581A CN 113652722 B CN113652722 B CN 113652722B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/56—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys
- C25D3/565—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys containing more than 50% by weight of zinc
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D7/00—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals
- B22D7/005—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals from non-ferrous metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C18/00—Alloys based on zinc
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C18/00—Alloys based on zinc
- C22C18/04—Alloys based on zinc with aluminium as the next major constituent
Abstract
The invention provides a zinc-aluminum-magnesium alloy ingot and a method for producing uniform zinc-aluminum-magnesium plating solution, wherein the zinc-aluminum-magnesium alloy ingot comprises a C ingot, a D ingot and an E ingot; c, ingot component: zn- (1.5-2.0%) Al- (1.5-2.0%) Mg; d, ingot composition: zn- (4.8-11.0%) Al; e, ingot component: zn- (4.8-11.0%) Mg. According to the invention, by designing reasonable zinc-aluminum-magnesium ingot types and components, reasonable proportioning is carried out during ingot melting, a reasonable adding mode is determined, and the zinc-aluminum-magnesium plating solution with target components and uniform components is obtained. The zinc-aluminum-magnesium pot can hit target components and the components in the zinc-aluminum-magnesium pot are uniform.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of metal materials, in particular to the field of hot dipping, and relates to a zinc-aluminum-magnesium alloy ingot and a method for producing uniform zinc-aluminum-magnesium plating solution.
Background
With the continuous improvement of the requirements of key parts such as automobiles, household appliances, structural parts and the like on the aspects of energy conservation, environmental protection, safety and the like, the steel materials of the steel plates must be ensured not to be seriously corroded in the service period, and the traditional steel plate surface galvanization treatment cannot meet the requirement of corrosion resistance.
The addition of a proper amount of metal magnesium and aluminum in the pure zinc coating can improve the corrosion resistance of the coating, greatly prolong the service life of the coating, reduce the consumption of zinc by reducing the weight of the coating, and have higher social benefit and popularization and application value.
The zinc-aluminum-magnesium steel plate has super-strong corrosion resistance, wear resistance, coating property and good welding processability, can adapt to various severe environments, is a novel environment-friendly energy-saving steel plate, and is mainly applied to various fields of light energy photovoltaic industry, equipment manufacturing industry, household appliance manufacturing, high-speed rail, large-scale transformer substations, automobile manufacturing and the like.
A zinc-aluminum-magnesium alloy for hot dipping and a direct smelting method thereof, disclosed in publication No. CN 106480336A of 3, 8 and 2017, disclose a smelting method of a zinc-aluminum-magnesium alloy ingot for hot dipping. Heating zinc liquid to 640-680 ℃ after melting a zinc ingot, adding an aluminum ingot, cooling to 590-610 ℃ after the aluminum ingot is completely melted, adding a magnesium ingot in a pressing mode according to 1.05 times of the theoretical magnesium content ratio, fully stirring after the magnesium ingot is completely dissolved, cooling to 490-520 ℃, standing for 10-15 min, and removing surface scum.
In the publication of publication No. CN 106480338A, published in 3/8/2017, publication No. CN 106480338A, a zinc-aluminum-magnesium alloy for adjusting hot-dip plating bath components and a direct smelting method thereof, there are disclosed a zinc-aluminum-magnesium alloy for adjusting hot-dip plating bath components and a direct smelting method thereof, the zinc-aluminum-magnesium alloy comprises the following chemical components: 4.4 to 5.8 percent of Al, 4.4 to 5.8 percent of Mg4, less than 0.015 percent of Fe, less than 0.008 percent of Pb, less than 0.010 percent of Cd, less than 0.008 percent of Cu, less than 0.008 percent of Sn and the balance of zinc. Heating zinc liquid to 640-680 ℃ after melting a zinc ingot, adding an aluminum ingot, cooling to 590-610 ℃ after the aluminum ingot is completely melted, adding a magnesium ingot in a pressing mode according to 1.05 times of the theoretical magnesium content ratio, stirring for 11-15 min after the magnesium ingot is completely dissolved, cooling to 490-520 ℃, standing for 10-15 min, removing surface scum, and then casting an ingot, wherein the mass of the ingot is 15-35 kg.
The existing zinc-aluminum-magnesium technology is introduced in the aspects of production of zinc-aluminum-magnesium coating products, smelting of zinc-aluminum-magnesium ingots and adjustment of zinc melting components in a zinc-free aluminum-magnesium pot.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a zinc-aluminum-magnesium alloy ingot, which is used for preparing a zinc-aluminum-magnesium plating solution with uniform components by designing different types and components of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium ingot.
The invention also aims to provide a method for producing uniform zinc-aluminum-magnesium plating solution, which utilizes different zinc-aluminum-magnesium ingot types designed by the invention to carry out reasonable proportioning during ingot melting, determines a reasonable adding mode and obtains the zinc-aluminum-magnesium plating solution with target components and uniform components.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the zinc-aluminum-magnesium alloy ingot provided by the invention comprises a C ingot, a D ingot and an E ingot;
the C ingot comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.5-2.0% of Al,1.5-2.0% of Mg, the balance being Zn and unavoidable impurities;
the D ingot comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 4.8-11.0% of al, the balance being Zn and unavoidable impurities;
the E ingot comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 4.8-11.0% of Mg, the balance being Zn and unavoidable impurities.
The plating solution for producing the zinc-aluminum-magnesium alloy ingot comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.3-9.0% of Al,1.3-9.0% of Mg, and the balance of Zn and unavoidable impurities.
Preferably, the plating solution for producing the zinc-aluminum-magnesium alloy ingot comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.5-2.0% of Al,1.5-2.0% of Mg, and the balance of Zn and unavoidable impurities.
The invention designs the ingot comprising C ingot, D ingot and E ingot: selecting C ingot as basic component ingot, and selecting D ingot and E ingot to regulate Al and Mg component contents.
The invention provides a method for producing uniform zinc-aluminum-magnesium plating solution, which is produced by using the zinc-aluminum-magnesium alloy ingot, and the production method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) Adding C ingots at the bottom of the zinc pot, and heating with open fire to melt the ingots;
2) And (2) after the plating solution prepared in the step 1) is pressed into an induction heater, adding a D ingot and an E ingot according to the detection result of the chemical components of the plating solution after ingot melting in the step 1), and adjusting the zinc-aluminum-magnesium solution to the target components.
3) And after the target components are adjusted, adding C ingots into the zinc-aluminum-magnesium pot to the target weight.
The amount of C ingots added in the step 1) is 40-45% of the mass of the target plating solution.
In the step 1), the burning loss of Al and Mg elements and the condition of slag are considered, and the yield is 86-92%.
In the step 2), the burning loss of Al and Mg elements and the condition of slag are considered, and the yield of Al and Mg elements of D ingots and E ingots is 80-87%.
Step 2), a flow field generated by heating work of the induction heater plays a role of uniform plating solution, and the rate of melting zinc, aluminum and magnesium by using the induction heater is 1500 Kg/h;
in the step 2), the deviation of the content of each component of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium solution and the target component is adjusted within +/-0.03 percent, which is allowed in the field.
The C ingot designed by the invention is a low-aluminum magnesium ingot, the burning loss of Al/Mg elements is mainly caused by open fire heating in the step 1), the step 3) is that an induction heater is used for heating and melting, the Al/Mg content of the C ingot is basically free of burning loss, and meanwhile, a flow field generated by the heating work of the induction heater plays a role in homogenizing plating solution.
The reasonable zinc-aluminum-magnesium ingot types and components are designed, and the reasonable proportion is carried out during ingot melting, so that the reasonable adding mode is determined: 1) Firstly, adding a C ingot which is a low-aluminum magnesium ingot, and heating with open fire to cause burning loss of Al/Mg elements; 2) Adding medium-high aluminum magnesium ingots, heating and melting by using an induction heater, adjusting components of the plating solution to a target value, and simultaneously enabling a flow field generated by heating work of the induction heater to play a role in homogenizing the plating solution; 3) C ingots consistent with target components are added to the target weight required by the zinc pot, the C ingots are low-aluminum magnesium ingots, and the Al/Mg content basically has no burning loss under the condition of heating and melting by an induction heater. The zinc-aluminum-magnesium plating solution with target components and uniform components is obtained, and meanwhile, a flow field generated by heating work of the induction heater plays a role in homogenizing the plating solution. The zinc-aluminum-magnesium pot has the advantages of target components, uniform components in the pot and less oxidizing impurities in the pot.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a zinc pot and an inductor;
FIG. 2 is the surface of a sample plate of example 1;
fig. 3 is a surface of a sample plate of comparative example 1.
Detailed Description
Example 1 to example 3
The zinc-aluminum-magnesium alloy ingot comprises a C ingot, a D ingot and an E ingot, and the specific components are shown in the following table 1.
TABLE 1 chemical composition of Zn-Al-Mg ingot
| Element(s) | Target component | C ingot | D ingot | E ingot |
| Example 1 | Zn-1.5％Al-1.5％Mg | Zn-1.5％Al-1.5％Mg | Zn-4.8％Al | Zn-4.8％Mg |
| Example 2 | Zn-2.0％Al-2.0％Mg | Zn-2.0％Al-2.0％Mg | Zn-5.5％Al | Zn-5.5％Mg |
| Example 3 | Zn-2.0％Al-2.0％Mg | Zn-2.0％Al-2.0％Mg | Zn-10.0％Al | Zn-10.0％Mg |
The method for examining the target uniform zinc-aluminum-magnesium plating solution of example 1 by using the zinc-aluminum-magnesium alloy ingot of example 1 comprises the following steps:
1) Adding 120 ton of C ingot (Zn-1.5% Al-1.5% Mg) to the bottom of the zinc pot, and heating with naked fire to melt the ingot, wherein the chemical composition detected is Zn-1.38% Al-1.36% Mg;
2) After pressing the plating solution prepared in step 1) into an induction heater, 15 tons of D ingot (Zn-4.8% by weight of Al) and 15 tons of E ingot (Zn-4.8% by weight of Mg) were added, respectively, and the assay was determined as Zn-1.51% by weight of Al-1.49% by weight of Mg.
3) Further, 130 tons of C ingot (Zn-1.5% Al-1.5% Mg) was added to 280 tons, and the chemical composition in the Zn-Al-Mg pot was examined as Zn-1.49% Al-1.48% Mg.
The method for examining the target uniform zinc-aluminum-magnesium plating solution of example 2 by using the zinc-aluminum-magnesium alloy ingot of example 2 comprises the following steps:
1) Adding 120 ton of C ingot (Zn-2.0% Al-2.0% Mg) to the bottom of the zinc pot, and melting the ingot by naked flame heating, wherein the chemical composition detected is Zn-1.84% Al-1.82% Mg;
2) Pressing the plating solution prepared in step 1) into an induction heater, adding 36 tons of D ingot (Zn-5.5% Al) and 36 tons of E ingot (Zn-5.5% Mg), respectively, as determined by Zn-2.01% Al-2.00% Mg.
3) Then, 88 tons of C ingot (Zn-2.0% Al-2.0% Mg) was added to 280 tons, and the chemical composition in the Zn-Al-Mg pot was measured as Zn-1.99% Al-1.98% Mg.
The method for examining the target uniform zinc-aluminum-magnesium plating solution of example 3 by using the zinc-aluminum-magnesium alloy ingot of example 3 comprises:
1) Adding 120 tons of C ingot (Zn-2.0% Al-2.0% Mg) to the bottom of the zinc pot, melting the ingot by open flame heating, and detecting the chemical composition as Zn-1.84% Al-1.82% Mg;
2) Pressing the bath prepared in step 1) into an induction heater, adding 5.0 ton D ingot (Zn-10% Al) and 5.0 ton E ingot (Zn-10% Mg) respectively, detecting the composition as Zn-2.02% Al-2.01% Mg.
3) Further, 150 tons of C ingot (Zn-2.0% Al-2.0% Mg) was added to about 280 tons, and the chemical composition in the Zn-Al-Mg pot was examined as Zn-1.98Al-1.98% Mg.
The target components are hit in example 1, example 2 and example 3, the coating components are uniform, and the results of component detection at different positions in the zinc-aluminum-magnesium pot are shown in tables 2 and 3 (the plating solution is uniform).
TABLE 2 chemical composition in Zn-Al-Mg pot at different depths of Zn pot/wt%
TABLE 3 chemical composition in wt% in zinc-aluminum-magnesium pot at different positions
The zinc-aluminum-magnesium sample plate produced by the embodiment has excellent surface quality and no obvious defect. The surface of the sample plate of the product produced in example 1 is shown in FIG. 2.
Comparative example 1: target component Zn-2.0% by weight of Al-2.0% by weight of Mg
An alloy ingot comprising Zn-3.0% by weight of Al-3.0% of the Mg alloy ingot, zn-2.0% by weight of the Al-2.0% of the Mg alloy ingot, zn-1.5% by weight of the Al alloy ingot and Zn-1.5% by weight of the Mg alloy ingot.
1) Adding 120 tons of Zn-3.0% Al-3.0% Mg alloy ingot, heating with open fire to increase the content of Al and Mg elements, generating oxidation particles which are not easy to remove in the plating solution during the heating process with open fire, causing the defects of cloud and fog on the plate surface, and measuring the chemical composition as Zn-2.64% Al-2.61% Mg;
2) Adding 29 tons of Zn-1.5-Al alloy ingot and 29 tons of Zn-1.5-Mg alloy ingot, respectively, heating with induction heater, detecting the contents of Zn-2.01, al-1.99% Mg;
3) Adding 102 tons of Zn-2.0% by weight of Al-2.0% to 280 tons of Mg alloy ingot, and determining the chemical composition in the Zn-Al-Mg pot as Zn-1.98% by weight of Al-1.97% by weight of Mg.
The surface of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium sample plate produced by adopting the comparative example has a large amount of cloud defects caused by oxide impurities in a zinc pot, and the defects that in the process of heating by open fire, the content of Al and Mg elements is higher, small oxidized particles which are not easy to remove are generated in a plating solution in the process of heating by open fire, the plate surface generates cloud and the like are caused in the step 1).
As can be seen from the examples, the zinc-aluminum-magnesium plating solution with target components and uniform components is obtained by designing reasonable types and components of zinc-aluminum-magnesium ingots, reasonably proportioning the zinc-aluminum-magnesium ingots during ingot melting and determining a reasonable adding mode. The zinc-aluminum-magnesium pot can hit target components and the components in the zinc-aluminum-magnesium pot are uniform.
The above description is only for specific exemplary description of the present invention, and it should be noted that the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited by the above manner, and it is within the protection scope of the present invention as long as various insubstantial modifications are made by using the technical idea and technical solution of the present invention, or the technical idea and technical solution of the present invention are directly applied to other occasions without modifications.
Claims (2)
1. The method for producing the uniform zinc-aluminum-magnesium plating solution is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Adding C ingots at the bottom of the zinc pot, and heating with open fire to melt the ingots;
2) Pressing the plating solution prepared in the step 1) into an induction heater, adding D ingot and E ingot according to the result of detecting the chemical composition of the plating solution after ingot melting in the step 1), adjusting the zinc aluminum magnesium solution to a target composition of 1.5-2.0% Al,1.5-2.0% Mg, and the balance Zn and unavoidable impurities;
3) After the target components are adjusted, adding C ingots into the zinc pot to the target weight;
the amount of C ingots added in the step 1) is 40-45% of the mass of the target plating solution;
the C ingot comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.5-2.0% of Al,1.5-2.0% of Mg, the balance being Zn and unavoidable impurities;
the D ingot comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 4.8-11.0% of Al, and the balance of Zn and inevitable impurities;
the E ingot comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 4.8-11.0% of Mg, and the balance of Zn and inevitable impurities;
in the step 2), the burning loss of Al and Mg elements and the condition of slag are considered, and the yield of Al and Mg elements of D ingots and E ingots is estimated to be 80-87%.
2. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the yield is 86-92% in step 1) considering the burning loss of Al and Mg elements and the condition of slag.
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