CN113651525B - Rock wool and preparation method and preparation device thereof - Google Patents
Rock wool and preparation method and preparation device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113651525B CN113651525B CN202111033319.0A CN202111033319A CN113651525B CN 113651525 B CN113651525 B CN 113651525B CN 202111033319 A CN202111033319 A CN 202111033319A CN 113651525 B CN113651525 B CN 113651525B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C13/00—Fibre or filament compositions
- C03C13/06—Mineral fibres, e.g. slag wool, mineral wool, rock wool
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
- C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B26/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B26/12—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones
- C04B26/122—Phenol-formaldehyde condensation polymers
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Abstract
The invention particularly relates to rock wool and a preparation method and a preparation device thereof, belonging to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of dust collecting powder, wherein the method comprises the following steps: mixing the dust collecting powder, dolomite, basalt, waste ceramic chips and return materials of the graphitization furnace to obtain a first mixture; mixing coke with the first mixture to obtain a second mixture; preheating the second mixture to obtain a preheated mixture; heating the preheated mixture to obtain a hot melt; centrifuging the hot melt into fibers to obtain fibers; collecting and collecting the fibers to obtain a primary cotton layer; paving cotton on the primary cotton layer to obtain a cotton felt; curing and cutting the cotton felt to obtain rock wool; the method for preparing the rock wool by using the dust-collecting powder of the graphitization furnace as the raw material solves the problem that the dust-collecting powder of solid wastes generated by the graphitization furnace is difficult to store and dispose. The pollution problem generated by the graphitizing furnace is favorably solved; the purpose of comprehensive utilization of resources is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of dust collecting powder, and particularly relates to rock wool and a preparation method and a preparation device thereof.
Background
The rock wool has the characteristics of light weight, small heat conductivity coefficient, no combustion, moth prevention, low price, corrosion resistance, good chemical stability, good sound absorption performance and the like, so the rock wool is widely applied to the aspects of filling heat insulation, sound absorption, sound insulation of buildings, cold insulation of oxygen generators and refrigeration houses, filling heat insulation of various thermal equipment and the like. Rock wool has been put into industrial production since the 30 th of the 20 th century and is the heat-insulating material with the widest application range in the world at present. Rock wool is called the fifth conventional energy source in foreign countries, and the material is most widely applied to buildings. Rock wool is defined in the national standard: one type of mineral wool, made primarily from fused natural igneous rock, is known as rockwool.
Most of the existing rock wool production processes use natural rocks such as basalt and dolomite as basic raw materials, and silica, dolomite and the like as auxiliary materials to adjust the acidity coefficient, and then a certain amount of coke is added to be melted and uniformly mixed in a cupola furnace, and the mixture is melted and centrifugally blown into inorganic fiber at high temperature, and a four-roller centrifuge system is used for preparing the finished wool. For example: the Chinese invention patent application CN111253075A relates to a rock wool product and a preparation method thereof. 350-450 parts of basalt, 80-120 parts of slag, 100-150 parts of cement, 200-300 parts of waste cotton slag blocks, 20-50 parts of sodium silicate, 10-30 parts of glass fiber and 50-70 parts of phenolic resin are respectively crushed and then sieved by a 50-mesh sieve, and the crushed materials are uniformly mixed with the cement in a mixer, and then are heated and melted by a solute furnace, thrown by a high-speed centrifugal machine and collected by a cotton collector. After cotton is distributed by a pendulum machine and is pleated by a pleating machine, sodium silicate, glass fiber and phenolic resin are added, and the rock wool product is obtained by automatic packaging after pressurization by a pressurizing machine, curing by a curing furnace and cutting by a flying saw; the Chinese patent application CN 108585468A discloses a method for preparing rock wool by taking silicon tailings as a raw material, belonging to the technical field of new materials. The method is characterized in that the silicon tailings are used as main raw materials, the components are adjusted by adding raw materials such as high-temperature iron-making water slag at about 1200 ℃, the raw materials are heated and uniformly mixed by means of an intermediate high-temperature furnace, the mixture is put into rock wool equipment, rock wool fibers are prepared under the action of a centrifugal machine, urea-formaldehyde resin aqueous solution is uniformly sprayed on the surfaces of the fibers after the rock wool fibers are blown into a cotton collecting machine, and the product rock wool is prepared according to a rock wool production process.
The applicant finds in the course of the invention that: in the process of producing the carbon material by the graphitization furnace, elements such as sulfur, silicon, partial carbon and the like which are impurities are subjected to complex high-temperature reaction to generate a dust collection powder mixture which is recovered by a high-temperature flue gas recovery system, the main components of the dust collection powder are sodium sulfate, silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide and a small amount of other substances, about 15kg of dust collection powder can be generated when 1 ton of carbon material is produced, and the dust collection powder contains a lot of valuable components and needs to be recycled.
And current utilization techniques include: the Chinese patent application CN110668704A relates to a method for comprehensive utilization of bag-type dedusting ash and fly ash of a blast furnace, which comprises the steps of taking 70-85 parts by mass of bag-type dedusting ash, 15-30 parts by mass of fly ash and 0.3-1 part by mass of binder as raw materials, adjusting the mixing ratio, granulating and pelletizing the mixture, putting the pellets into a submerged arc furnace to generate molten iron and slag, discharging the molten iron and casting the molten iron into iron blocks, throwing wires after discharging the slag to prepare slag wool, fully utilizing heat energy, realizing utilization of two industrial solid wastes by one-time smelting, and finally obtaining two products of the iron blocks and the slag wool.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide rock wool, a preparation method and a preparation device thereof, and aims to solve the problems that dust collecting powder generated in the preparation of high-quality carbonaceous materials in a graphitization furnace is difficult to recycle and generated solid waste cannot be applied.
The embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of rock wool, which comprises the following steps:
mixing the dust collecting powder, dolomite, basalt, waste ceramic chips and return materials of the graphitization furnace to obtain a first mixture;
mixing coke with the first mixture to obtain a second mixture;
preheating the second mixture to obtain a preheated mixture;
heating the preheated mixture to obtain a hot melt;
centrifuging the hot melt to form fibers to obtain fibers;
collecting and collecting the fibers to obtain a primary cotton layer;
paving cotton on the primary cotton layer to obtain a cotton felt;
curing and cutting the cotton felt to obtain rock wool;
wherein, the components of the first mixture comprise, in parts by mass: 90-110 parts of dust collecting powder of a graphitization furnace, 120-140 parts of dolomite, 350-390 parts of basalt, 140-160 parts of waste ceramic chips and 90-110 parts of return materials; the return materials comprise leftover materials of the rock wool and the rock wool which cannot form a fixed shape.
Optionally, the particle size of the first mixture is 1mm-5mm.
Optionally, the coke is used in an amount of 140-160 parts by weight, and the particle size of the coke is 5mm-8mm.
Optionally, the temperature of the pre-heated mixture is 450 ℃ to 550 ℃.
Optionally, the temperature of the hot melt is > 1500 ℃.
Optionally, the centrifugal speed of the centrifugal fiber forming is more than 7000r/min.
Optionally, the fibres comprise a binder, the composition of which comprises a phenolic resin material.
Optionally, the curing temperature of the curing cutting is 220-250 ℃.
Based on the same invention concept, the embodiment of the invention also provides the rock wool, and the rock wool is prepared by adopting the preparation method of the rock wool.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the invention also provides a rock wool preparation device, which comprises:
the mixing unit is used for mixing the dust collecting powder, the dolomite, the basalt, the waste ceramic sheets and the return materials of the graphitization furnace to obtain a first mixture and mixing the coke with the first mixture to obtain a second mixture;
the preheating unit is used for preheating the second mixture to obtain a preheated mixture; the preheating unit is communicated with the mixing unit and is used for receiving the second mixture;
the heating unit is used for heating the preheated mixture to obtain a hot melt; the heating unit is communicated with the preheating unit and is used for receiving the preheated mixture;
the fiber forming unit is used for performing centrifugal fiber forming on the hot melt to obtain fibers; the fiber forming unit comprises a centrifugal unit, a blowing unit and a fiber forming chamber, wherein the centrifugal unit is communicated with the fiber forming chamber and is used for sending fibers formed by centrifugation into the fiber forming chamber; the blowing unit is communicated with the fiber forming chamber and is used for blowing the bonding agent into the fiber forming chamber;
the cotton collecting unit is used for collecting cotton from the fibers to obtain a primary cotton layer, and the cotton collecting unit is communicated with the fiber forming chamber and used for receiving the fibers;
the cotton paving unit is used for paving cotton on the primary cotton layer to obtain a cotton felt; the cotton spreading unit is communicated with the cotton collecting unit and is used for receiving the primary cotton layer;
the curing and cutting unit is used for curing and cutting the cotton felt to obtain rock wool; the curing and cutting unit is communicated with the cotton paving unit and is used for receiving the cotton felt.
One or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:
the embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of rock wool, which comprises the following steps: mixing the dust collecting powder, dolomite, basalt, waste ceramic chips and return materials of the graphitization furnace to obtain a first mixture; mixing coke with the first mixture to obtain a second mixture; preheating the second mixture to obtain a preheated mixture; heating the preheated mixture to obtain a hot melt; centrifuging the hot melt to form fibers to obtain fibers; collecting and collecting the fibers to obtain a primary cotton layer; paving cotton on the primary cotton layer to obtain a cotton felt; curing and cutting the cotton felt to obtain rock wool; the first mixture comprises the following components in parts by mass: 90-110 parts of dust collecting powder of a graphitization furnace, 120-140 parts of dolomite, 350-390 parts of basalt, 140-160 parts of waste ceramic chips and 90-110 parts of return materials; the return materials comprise leftover materials of the rock wool and the rock wool which cannot form a fixed shape; the method for preparing the rock wool by using the dust-collecting powder of the graphitization furnace as the raw material solves the problem that the solid waste dust-collecting powder generated by the graphitization furnace is difficult to store and dispose. The pollution problem generated by the graphitization furnace is favorably solved; the purpose of comprehensive utilization of resources is achieved.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and the embodiments of the present invention are described below in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood and to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understandable.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a method provided by an embodiment of the invention;
reference numerals in fig. 2: w11-dust collection powder; w12-dolomite; w13-basalt; w14-waste ceramic chips; w15-coke; w16-returning; w2-mixing; w3-thermosol; w4-fiber; w5-cotton felt; w6-rock wool; w7-rock wool product.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be specifically explained below in conjunction with specific embodiments and examples, and the advantages and various effects of the present invention will be more clearly presented thereby. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that these specific embodiments and examples are illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Throughout the specification, unless otherwise specifically noted, terms used herein should be understood as having meanings as commonly used in the art. Accordingly, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. If there is a conflict, the present specification will control.
Unless otherwise specifically stated, various raw materials, reagents, instruments, equipment and the like used in the present invention are commercially available or can be prepared by existing methods.
In order to solve the technical problems, the general idea of the embodiment of the application is as follows:
according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing rock wool, the method including:
s1, mixing dust collecting powder of a graphitization furnace, dolomite, basalt, waste ceramic chips and return materials to obtain a first mixture; the first mixture comprises the following components in parts by mass: 90-110 parts of dust collecting powder of a graphitization furnace, 120-140 parts of dolomite, 350-390 parts of basalt, 140-160 parts of waste ceramic chips and 90-110 parts of return materials; the return materials comprise leftover materials of the rock wool and the rock wool which cannot form a fixed shape;
the dust collecting powder of the graphitization furnace comprises the following specific components: na (Na) 2 SO 4 、Na 2 SiF 6 、SiO 2 、K 2 NaAlF 6 、Ca 2 AlF 7 、Na 2 SiO 3 The reason for controlling the mass part of the dust collecting powder of the graphitization furnace to be 90-110 parts is that the acidity coefficient can be adjusted to ensure the normal range, the adverse effect of overlarge mass part value causes the acidity coefficient of the rock wool to be overlarge, and the adverse effect of undersize cannot achieve the purpose of comprehensive utilization of resources. Preferably, the mass part of the dust collecting powder of the graphitization furnace is 100 parts.
The dolomite is used as a refractory medium, the reason for controlling the mass part of the dolomite to be 120-140 parts is the fire resistance degree, the too large value of the mass part can cause the rock wool fiber to be coarse, and the too small value can influence the melt viscosity and influence the fiber performance. Preferably, the mass part of the dolomite is 130 parts.
The basalt has the function of preparing basic raw materials of the rock wool, the reason for controlling the mass part of the basalt to be 350-390 is that the basalt has extremely strong pressure resistance and weather resistance, the adverse effect of overlarge mass part is that the basalt is difficult to melt, and the adverse effect of undersize is that the pressure resistance and the weather resistance of the rock wool cannot be achieved. Preferably, the mass part of the basalt is 370 parts.
The waste ceramic chips are used for adjusting the acidity coefficient, the reason for controlling the mass part of the waste ceramic chips to be 140-160 parts is that the problem of overhigh acidity coefficient caused by dust collecting powder of the graphitization furnace can be adjusted, the adverse effect of overhigh mass part is overhigh cost, and the adverse effect of overlow mass part is that the acidity coefficient cannot be adjusted, so that the rock wool is unqualified. Preferably, the mass part of the waste ceramic chip is 150 parts.
The return material has the function of disposing waste materials in the production process and does not generate solid waste, and the reason for controlling the mass part of the return material to be 90-110 parts is to control the production amount of finished products in the production process. Preferably, the mass part of the feed back is 100 parts.
Specifically, the raw materials are mixed according to the proportion of dolomite, basalt, feed back, waste ceramic chips and dust collecting powder of a graphitization furnace and then crushed into particles of 1-5 mm. Wherein the basalt has the granularity of 6-10mm, and the over-range amount is not more than 10%; the granularity of dolomite is 4-6mm, and the over-range amount is not more than 10%; the dust collecting powder of the graphitization furnace is a powdery substance collected from each dust collecting port of the graphitization furnace, is industrial waste which is subjected to high-temperature gasification and temperature reduction recovery when the graphitization furnace is used for producing carbonaceous materials, takes sodium sulfate and sodium silicate as main components, is rich in carbon material resources in China, is a production place of main carbon materials in the world, and can generate 15kg of dust collecting powder when one ton of carbon materials are produced; the waste ceramic chip is waste generated in the process of producing ceramic products; the return material is rock wool leftover material produced and rock wool which can not form a fixed shape.
S2, mixing the coke and the first mixture to obtain a second mixture;
specifically, 140-160 parts of coke with the particle size of 5-8mm is added during or after the first mixture is mixed, and the mixture is mixed together to obtain a second mixture, and the preferable part of the coke is 150 parts by mass.
S3, preheating the second mixture to obtain a preheated mixture;
as an alternative embodiment, the temperature of the preheated mixture is 450-550 ℃, in particular, preheated to 450-550 ℃ with combustion air, and a portion of the air is mixed in.
S4, heating the preheated mixture to obtain a hot melt;
as an alternative embodiment, the preheated mixture is introduced into a cupola at a temperature of 1200-1280 deg.C to form a hot melt, the mixture in the hot melt continues to flow downward and is heated to above 1500 deg.C by the continued heat provided by the hot coke to form a hot melt, which flows out through the cupola siphon. Specifically, the fuel adopted by the cupola furnace is coke or anthracite or a mixture of the coke and high-quality anthracite. And the yellow phosphorus tail gas is supplemented as an auxiliary fuel; feeding main fuel coke or high-quality anthracite or a mixture of the coke and the high-quality anthracite and a mixture of dust collecting powder, dolomite, basalt and waste ceramic chip powder into a cupola furnace; and the auxiliary fuel yellow phosphorus tail gas is blown into the cupola furnace through high-temperature air generated by combustion to melt the materials.
S5, carrying out centrifugal fiber forming on the hot melt to obtain fibers;
as an optional embodiment, the hot melt flow falls into a high-speed centrifugal force with the rotating speed of 7000r/min or more, the high-temperature solution flowing into the centrifugal fiberizer through the high-pressure roots blower is drafted into fibers by the centrifugal force of the centrifugal roller and the air flow sprayed by the air ring, and is sprayed into the fiber forming chamber, and a binder made of a phenolic resin material is sprayed in the spraying process at the same time, specifically, the components of the binder are a mixed liquid of phenolic resin and water with the mass ratio of 1; the slag balls are separated, and the fibers are blown into a cotton collector; the slag balls fall into a slag pit, and the slag balls are periodically cleaned to remove waste slag and return to production.
S6, collecting and collecting the fibers to obtain a primary cotton layer;
as an alternative embodiment, the fibers with the adhesive are collected by a negative pressure mode of a cotton collecting machine; the fiber containing the binder is uniformly settled on a cotton collecting belt running at high speed under the suction action of a negative pressure fan of the cotton collecting machine to form a primary cotton layer, and the suction fan is adjusted by frequency conversion at any time according to the felting condition; the pressure intensity of the primary cotton felt is adjusted by changing the rotating speed of the cotton collecting drum so as to control the product quality.
S7, paving cotton on the primary cotton layer to obtain a cotton felt;
as an alternative embodiment, the initial cotton layer is formed into a uniform cotton felt in a multi-layer folding structure form on a forming conveyor arranged according to forming requirements under the reciprocating swing action of a pendulum belt of a pendulum machine, and the cotton felt is pressurized and then enters a curing furnace for curing.
And S8, curing and cutting the cotton felt to obtain the rock wool.
As an alternative embodiment, the multi-layered cotton felt formed on the forming machine is pressurized and then enters the curing oven. Pressurizing the felt layer by upper and lower chain plates in a curing furnace and curing the felt layer by hot air to form a rock wool wall plate and a rock wool felt with certain thickness and volume weight, blowing hot air at 220-250 ℃ through the felt layer to cure the binder and form a continuous cotton plate or a continuous cotton felt with certain thickness and strength, and cooling and cutting the cotton plate or the cotton felt from the curing furnace to obtain the rock wool product. Specifically, the temperature in the curing furnace is 220-250 ℃, hot air is provided by a fluidized bed furnace, and yellow phosphorus tail gas, bituminous coal, anthracite or available low-grade coal is used as fuel.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided rock wool manufactured using the method for manufacturing rock wool provided above.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a rock wool manufacturing apparatus, including:
the mixing unit is used for mixing the dust collecting powder, dolomite, basalt, waste ceramic sheets and return materials of the graphitization furnace to obtain a first mixture and mixing the coke and the first mixture to obtain a second mixture;
the preheating unit is used for preheating the second mixture to obtain a preheated mixture; the preheating unit is communicated with the mixing unit and is used for receiving the second mixture;
a heating unit for heating the preheated mixture to obtain a hot melt; the heating unit is communicated with the preheating unit and is used for receiving the preheated mixture;
the fiber forming unit is used for performing centrifugal fiber forming on the hot melt to obtain fibers; the fiber forming unit comprises a centrifugal unit, a blowing unit and a fiber forming chamber, wherein the centrifugal unit is communicated with the fiber forming chamber and is used for sending fibers formed by centrifugation into the fiber forming chamber; the blowing unit is communicated with the fiber forming chamber and is used for blowing the bonding agent into the fiber forming chamber;
the cotton collecting unit is used for collecting the cotton of the fibers to obtain a primary cotton layer, and the cotton collecting unit is communicated with the fiber forming chamber and used for receiving the fibers;
a cotton laying unit for laying cotton on the primary cotton layer to obtain a cotton felt; the cotton spreading unit is communicated with the cotton collecting unit and is used for receiving the primary cotton layer;
the curing and cutting unit is used for curing and cutting the cotton felt to obtain rock wool; the curing and cutting unit is communicated with the cotton paving unit and is used for receiving the cotton felt.
The rock wool of the present application, the method for producing the same, and the apparatus for producing the same will be described in detail below with reference to examples, comparative examples, and experimental data.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 2, a method for preparing rock wool includes:
crushing and mixing: the dust-collecting powder is prepared from 130 parts by weight of dolomite, 370 parts by weight of basalt, 100 parts by weight of recycled materials, 150 parts by weight of waste ceramic chips and 100 parts by weight of dust-collecting powder, and the raw materials are mixed and crushed into particles of 1-5 mm.
High-temperature melting: the mixed material W2 is added from the upper part of a rock wool melting furnace by a belt conveyor, is sent into the melting furnace to be heated and melted and enters a melt launder, the rock wool melting furnace adopts coke as fuel, and combustion-supporting air is preheated to 450 ℃ and is mixed with air in a certain proportion. The material starts to soften at 1200 c and starts a complex physicochemical reaction to form a hot melt W3. The hot melt W3 continuously flows downwards to contact with the hot coke W15 and the flue gas, is heated to more than 1500 ℃, flows out of a siphon opening of the rock wool melting furnace, and enters a centrifuge through a chute to form the fiber W4. The melt strip must maintain a layer of glowing incandescent coke (bottom coke) to prevent the melt from condensing at the bottom.
Centrifugal fiber forming: the hot melt W3 flows into a high-speed centrifugal force with the rotating speed of more than 7000r/min, the hot melt W3 flowing into the centrifugal fiber forming machine through the high-pressure Roots blower is drafted into fibers by the centrifugal force of a centrifugal roller and air flow sprayed out by an air ring, the fibers are sprayed into a fiber forming chamber, a bonding agent made of a phenolic resin material is sprayed in the spraying process, and the used phenolic resin is a bonding agent which is prepared by adding water to adjust the ratio of 1; the slag balls are separated, and the fibers are blown into a cotton collector; the slag balls fall into a slag pit, and the slag balls are periodically cleaned to recover waste slag and returned to production. The roller of the centrifuge is cooled by forced water, and the bearing is lubricated by oil gas.
Collecting cotton: collecting the fiber W4 with the binder in a negative pressure mode of a cotton collector; fibers containing the binder are uniformly settled on a cotton collecting belt running at a high speed under the suction action of a negative pressure fan of a cotton collecting machine to form a primary cotton layer, and waste residues are periodically cleaned and recovered; the suction fan adopts frequency conversion adjustment and is adjusted at any time according to the felt forming condition; the product quality is controlled by changing the rotation speed of the cotton collecting drum (the rotation speed is 60 r/min) to adjust the initial rotation speed, and the product requirement is met.
B, pendulum bob cotton laying: the initial cotton layer forms a multilayer folding structure type uniform cotton felt W5 on a forming conveyor arranged according to forming requirements under the reciprocating swinging action of a pendulum belt of a pendulum machine, the cotton felt is pressurized and then enters a curing furnace for curing treatment, and waste residues are periodically cleaned and recovered.
Curing and cutting: the multilayer cotton felt formed on the forming machine enters a curing oven after being pressurized. Pressurizing the felt layer by an upper chain plate and a lower chain plate in a curing furnace and curing the felt layer by hot air penetration to form rock wool W6 with certain thickness and volume weight, blowing 220 ℃ hot air to penetrate through the felt layer to cure the binder and form a continuous cotton plate or cotton felt with certain thickness and strength, cooling the cotton plate or cotton felt from the curing furnace, cutting the cured product (adjusting according to the curing state of the cotton), obtaining a rock wool product W7 after cutting, and periodically cleaning and recovering waste residues.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 2, a method for preparing rock wool includes:
crushing and mixing: the dust collecting powder W11, the dolomite W12, the basalt W13, the waste ceramic chip W14, the coke W15, the return material W16 and the like of the graphitization furnace are taken as raw materials for preparation, and the raw materials are mixed according to the specific gravity of 120 parts of dolomite, 350 parts of basalt, 90 parts of return material, 140 parts of waste ceramic chip and 90 parts of dust collecting powder and then crushed into particles of 1-5 mm.
High-temperature melting: the mixed material W2 is added from the upper part of a rock wool melting furnace by a belt conveyor, and is sent into the melting furnace to be heated and melted to enter a melt launder, the rock wool melting furnace adopts coke as fuel, and combustion-supporting air is preheated to 450 ℃ and is mixed with air in a certain proportion. The material starts to soften at 1200 c and starts a complex physicochemical reaction to form a hot melt W3. The hot melt W3 continuously flows downwards to contact with the hot coke W15 and the flue gas, is heated to more than 1500 ℃, flows out of a siphon opening of the rock wool melting furnace, and enters a centrifuge through a chute to form the fiber W4. The melt strip must maintain a layer of glowing incandescent coke (bottom coke) to prevent the melt from condensing at the bottom.
Centrifugal fiber forming: the hot melt W3 flows into a high-speed centrifugal force with the rotating speed of more than 7000r/min, the hot melt W3 flowing into the centrifugal fiber forming machine through the high-pressure Roots blower is drafted into fibers by the centrifugal force of a centrifugal roller and air flow sprayed out by an air ring, the fibers are sprayed into a fiber forming chamber, a bonding agent made of a phenolic resin material is sprayed in the spraying process, and the used phenolic resin is a bonding agent which is prepared by adding water to adjust the ratio of 1; the slag balls are separated, and the fibers are blown into a cotton collector; the slag balls fall into a slag pit, and the slag balls are periodically cleaned to recover waste slag and returned to production. The roller of the centrifuge is cooled by forced water, and the bearing is lubricated by oil gas.
Collecting cotton: collecting the fiber W4 with the binder in a negative pressure mode of a cotton collector; fibers containing the binder are uniformly settled on a cotton collecting belt running at a high speed under the suction action of a negative pressure fan of a cotton collecting machine to form a primary cotton layer, and waste residues are periodically cleaned and recovered; the suction fan adopts frequency conversion adjustment and is adjusted at any time according to the felt forming condition; the product quality is controlled by changing the rotation speed of the cotton collecting drum (the rotation speed is 60 r/min) to adjust the initial rotation speed, and the product requirement is met.
B, cotton paving with a pendulum: the initial cotton layer forms a multilayer uniform cotton felt W5 in a folding structure form on a forming conveyor arranged according to forming requirements under the reciprocating swinging action of a pendulum belt of a pendulum machine, the cotton felt is pressurized and then enters a curing furnace for curing treatment, and waste residues are periodically cleaned and recovered.
Curing and cutting: the multilayer cotton felt formed on the forming machine enters a curing oven after being pressurized. Pressurizing the felt layer by an upper chain plate and a lower chain plate in a curing furnace and curing the felt layer by hot air penetration to form rock wool W6 with certain thickness and volume weight, blowing 220 ℃ hot air to penetrate through the felt layer to cure the binder and form a continuous cotton board or a continuous cotton felt with certain thickness and strength, cooling the cotton board or the cotton felt discharged from the curing furnace, cutting a cured product (adjusted according to the curing state of cotton), cutting to obtain a rock wool product W7, and periodically cleaning and recycling waste residues.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 2, a method for preparing rock wool includes:
crushing and mixing: the dust collecting powder W11, the dolomite W12, the basalt W13, the waste ceramic chip W14, the coke W15, the return material W16 and the like of the graphitization furnace are taken as raw materials for preparation, and the raw materials are mixed according to the proportion of 140 parts of dolomite, 390 parts of basalt, 110 parts of return material, 160 parts of waste ceramic chip and 110 parts of dust collecting powder and then crushed into particles with the particle size of 1-5 mm.
High-temperature melting: the mixed material W2 is added from the upper part of a rock wool melting furnace by a belt conveyor, and is sent into the melting furnace to be heated and melted to enter a melt launder, the rock wool melting furnace adopts coke as fuel, and combustion-supporting air is preheated to 450 ℃ and is mixed with air in a certain proportion. The material starts to soften at 1200 c and starts a complex physicochemical reaction to form a hot melt W3. The hot melt W3 continuously flows downwards to contact with the hot coke W15 and the flue gas, is heated to more than 1500 ℃, flows out of a siphon opening of the rock wool melting furnace, and enters a centrifuge through a chute to form the fiber W4. The melt strip must maintain a layer of glowing incandescent coke (bottom coke) to prevent the melt from condensing at the bottom.
Centrifugal fiber forming: the hot melt W3 flows into a high-speed centrifugal force with the rotating speed of more than 7000r/min, the hot melt W3 flowing into the centrifugal fiber forming machine through the high-pressure Roots blower is drafted into fibers by the centrifugal force of a centrifugal roller and air flow sprayed out by an air ring, the fibers are sprayed into a fiber forming chamber, a bonding agent made of a phenolic resin material is sprayed in the spraying process, and the used phenolic resin is a bonding agent which is prepared by adding water to adjust the ratio of 1; separating the slag balls, and blowing the fibers into a cotton collector; the slag balls fall into a slag pit, and the slag balls are periodically cleaned to recover waste slag and returned to production. The roller of the centrifuge is cooled by forced water, and the bearing is lubricated by oil gas.
Collecting cotton: collecting the fiber W4 with the binder in a negative pressure mode of a cotton collector; fibers containing the binder are uniformly settled on a cotton collecting belt running at a high speed under the suction action of a negative pressure fan of a cotton collecting machine to form a primary cotton layer, and waste residues are periodically cleaned and recovered; the suction fan adopts frequency conversion adjustment and is adjusted at any time according to the felt forming condition; the product quality is controlled by changing the rotation speed of the cotton collecting drum (the rotation speed is 60 r/min) to adjust the initial rotation speed, and the product requirement is met.
B, pendulum bob cotton laying: the initial cotton layer forms a multilayer uniform cotton felt W5 in a folding structure form on a forming conveyor arranged according to forming requirements under the reciprocating swinging action of a pendulum belt of a pendulum machine, the cotton felt is pressurized and then enters a curing furnace for curing treatment, and waste residues are periodically cleaned and recovered.
Curing and cutting: the multilayer cotton felt formed on the forming machine enters a curing oven after being pressurized. Pressurizing the felt layer by an upper chain plate and a lower chain plate in a curing furnace and curing the felt layer by hot air penetration to form rock wool W6 with certain thickness and volume weight, blowing 220 ℃ hot air to penetrate through the felt layer to cure the binder and form a continuous cotton plate or cotton felt with certain thickness and strength, cooling the cotton plate or cotton felt from the curing furnace, cutting the cured product (adjusting according to the curing state of the cotton), obtaining a rock wool product W7 after cutting, and periodically cleaning and recovering waste residues.
Comparative example 1
Referring to fig. 2, a method for preparing rock wool includes:
crushing and mixing: the dust-collecting powder W11, the dolomite W12, the basalt W13, the waste ceramic chip W14, the coke W15, the return material W16 and the like of the graphitization furnace are taken as raw materials for preparation, and the raw materials are mixed according to the specific gravity of 170 parts of dolomite, 450 parts of basalt, 150 parts of return material, 120 parts of waste ceramic chip and 120 parts of dust-collecting powder and then crushed into particles of 1-5 mm.
High-temperature melting: the mixed material W2 is added from the upper part of a rock wool melting furnace by a belt conveyor, and is sent into the melting furnace to be heated and melted to enter a melt launder, the rock wool melting furnace adopts coke as fuel, and combustion-supporting air is preheated to 450 ℃ and is mixed with air in a certain proportion. The material starts to soften at 1200 c and starts a complex physicochemical reaction to form a hot melt W3. The hot melt W3 continuously flows downwards to contact with the hot coke W15 and the flue gas, is heated to more than 1500 ℃, flows out of a siphon opening of the rock wool melting furnace, and enters a centrifuge through a chute to form the fiber W4. The melt strip must maintain a layer of glowing incandescent coke (bottom coke) to prevent the melt from condensing at the bottom.
Centrifugal fiber forming: the hot melt W3 flows into a high-speed centrifugal force with the rotating speed of more than 7000r/min, the hot melt W3 flowing into the centrifugal fiber forming machine through the high-pressure Roots blower is drafted into fibers by the centrifugal force of a centrifugal roller and air flow sprayed out by an air ring, the fibers are sprayed into a fiber forming chamber, a bonding agent made of a phenolic resin material is sprayed in the spraying process, and the used phenolic resin is a bonding agent which is prepared by adding water to adjust the ratio of 1; the slag balls are separated, and the fibers are blown into a cotton collector; the slag balls fall into a slag pit, and the slag balls are periodically cleaned to recover waste slag and returned to production. The roller of the centrifuge is cooled by forced water, and the bearing is lubricated by oil gas.
Collecting cotton: collecting the fiber W4 with the binder in a negative pressure mode of a cotton collector; fibers containing the binder are uniformly settled on a cotton collecting belt which runs at a high speed under the suction action of a negative pressure fan of a cotton collecting machine to form a primary cotton layer, and waste residues are periodically cleaned and recovered; the suction fan adopts frequency conversion adjustment and is adjusted at any time according to the felt forming condition; the product quality is controlled by changing the rotation speed of the cotton collecting drum (the rotation speed is 60 r/min) to adjust the initial rotation speed, and the product requirement is met.
B, pendulum bob cotton laying: the initial cotton layer forms a multilayer uniform cotton felt W5 in a folding structure form on a forming conveyor arranged according to forming requirements under the reciprocating swinging action of a pendulum belt of a pendulum machine, the cotton felt is pressurized and then enters a curing furnace for curing treatment, and waste residues are periodically cleaned and recovered.
Curing and cutting: the multilayer cotton felt formed on the forming machine enters a curing oven after being pressurized. Pressurizing the felt layer by an upper chain plate and a lower chain plate in a curing furnace and curing the felt layer by hot air penetration to form rock wool W6 with certain thickness and volume weight, blowing 220 ℃ hot air to penetrate through the felt layer to cure the binder and form a continuous cotton plate or cotton felt with certain thickness and strength, cooling the cotton plate or cotton felt from the curing furnace, cutting the cured product (adjusting according to the curing state of the cotton), obtaining a rock wool product W7 after cutting, and periodically cleaning and recovering waste residues.
Comparative example 2
Referring to fig. 2, a method for preparing rock wool includes:
crushing and mixing: the dust collecting powder W11, the dolomite W12, the basalt W13, the waste ceramic chip W14, the coke W15, the return material W16 and the like of the graphitization furnace are taken as raw materials for preparation, and the raw materials are mixed according to the specific gravity of 90 parts of the dolomite, 300 parts of the basalt, 50 parts of the return material, 170 parts of the waste ceramic chip and 70 parts of the dust collecting powder and then crushed into particles with the particle size of 1-5 mm.
High-temperature melting: the mixed material W2 is added from the upper part of a rock wool melting furnace by a belt conveyor, and is sent into the melting furnace to be heated and melted to enter a melt launder, the rock wool melting furnace adopts coke as fuel, and combustion-supporting air is preheated to 450 ℃ and is mixed with air in a certain proportion. The material starts to soften at 1200 c and starts a complex physicochemical reaction to form a hot melt W3. The hot melt W3 continuously flows downwards to contact with the hot coke W15 and the flue gas, is heated to more than 1500 ℃, flows out of a siphon opening of the rock wool melting furnace, and enters a centrifuge through a chute to form the fiber W4. The melting band must maintain a layer of glowing incandescent coke (bottom coke) to prevent the melt from condensing at the bottom.
Centrifugal fiber forming: the hot melt W3 flows into a high-speed centrifugal force with the rotating speed of more than 7000r/min, the hot melt W3 flowing into the centrifugal fiber forming machine through the high-pressure Roots blower is drafted into fibers by the centrifugal force of a centrifugal roller and air flow sprayed out by an air ring, the fibers are sprayed into a fiber forming chamber, a bonding agent made of a phenolic resin material is sprayed in the spraying process, and the used phenolic resin is a bonding agent which is prepared by adding water to adjust the ratio of 1; the slag balls are separated, and the fibers are blown into a cotton collector; the slag balls fall into a slag pit, and the slag balls are periodically cleaned to recover waste slag and returned to production. The roller of the centrifuge is cooled by forced water, and the bearing is lubricated by oil gas.
Collecting cotton: collecting the fiber W4 with the binder in a negative pressure mode of a cotton collection machine; fibers containing the binder are uniformly settled on a cotton collecting belt which runs at a high speed under the suction action of a negative pressure fan of a cotton collecting machine to form a primary cotton layer, and waste residues are periodically cleaned and recovered; the suction fan adopts frequency conversion adjustment and is adjusted at any time according to the felt forming condition; the product quality is controlled by changing the rotation speed of the cotton collecting drum (the rotation speed is 60 r/min) to adjust the initial rotation speed, and the product requirement is met.
B, pendulum bob cotton laying: the initial cotton layer forms a multilayer uniform cotton felt W5 in a folding structure form on a forming conveyor arranged according to forming requirements under the reciprocating swinging action of a pendulum belt of a pendulum machine, the cotton felt is pressurized and then enters a curing furnace for curing treatment, and waste residues are periodically cleaned and recovered.
Curing and cutting: the multilayer cotton felt formed on the forming machine enters a curing oven after being pressurized. Pressurizing the felt layer by an upper chain plate and a lower chain plate in a curing furnace and curing the felt layer by hot air penetration to form rock wool W6 with certain thickness and volume weight, blowing 220 ℃ hot air to penetrate through the felt layer to cure the binder and form a continuous cotton plate or cotton felt with certain thickness and strength, cooling the cotton plate or cotton felt from the curing furnace, cutting the cured product (adjusting according to the curing state of the cotton), obtaining a rock wool product W7 after cutting, and periodically cleaning and recovering waste residues.
Related experiments:
the rock wool produced in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2 was examined and the results are shown in the following table:
in the table, the short-term water absorption amount means the water absorption amount into 10mm, 24h; the calculated slag ball content is the slag ball with the grain diameter larger than 0.25 mm; the compressive strength is a compressive strength of 10% deformation.
The rock wool prepared by the method has the effect of meeting the requirements of rock wool for heat insulation, slag and products GB/T11835-2016; as can be seen from comparison of the data of the comparative example and the examples, when the respective compounding ratios of the mixture are out of the ranges provided by the present method, problems such as fiber coarsening, poor compressive strength, and an unsatisfactory acidity coefficient may occur.
One or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention at least have the following technical effects or advantages:
(1) According to the method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the dust collecting powder of the graphitization furnace is used as the raw material for preparing the rock wool, the method can completely utilize the dust collecting powder of the solid waste generated by graphitization, so that the solid waste generated by the graphitization furnace can be treated, the rock wool can be produced, and the problem of the solid waste generated in the production process of the graphitization furnace can be solved;
(2) The method provided by the embodiment of the invention uses the dust collection powder of the graphitization furnace as the raw material to prepare the rock wool, and solves the problem that the dust collection powder of the solid waste generated by the graphitization furnace is difficult to store and dispose. The pollution problem generated by the graphitization furnace is favorably solved; the purpose of comprehensive utilization of resources is achieved;
(3) The rock wool provided by the embodiment of the invention has good chemical stability; the acidity index was 1.7, the tensile strength was 9.6kPa, and the short-term water absorption capacity (varying immersion 10mm, 24h) was 0.1kg/m 2 A density of 83kg/m 3 The continuous combustion time is 0, the hydrophobic rate reaches 99.5%, the slag ball content (the grain diameter is more than 0.25 mm) is 3.7%, and the heat conductivity coefficient is 0.034W/(m.k). The performance of the heat-insulating rock wool board is tested, the average diameter of the fiber is 4.7 mu m, the maximum use temperature is 640-650 ℃, the tensile strength is 9.4kPa, and the compressive strength65kPa (deformation 10%).
Finally, it should be further noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (7)
1. A preparation method of rock wool is characterized by comprising the following steps:
mixing the dust collection powder, dolomite, basalt, waste ceramic chips and return materials of the graphitization furnace to obtain a first mixture;
mixing coke with the first mixture to obtain a second mixture;
preheating the second mixture to obtain a preheated mixture;
heating the preheated mixture to obtain a hot melt;
centrifuging the hot melt to form fibers to obtain fibers;
collecting cotton from the fibers to obtain a primary cotton layer;
paving cotton on the primary cotton layer to obtain a cotton felt;
curing and cutting the cotton felt to obtain rock wool;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,the first mixture comprises the following components in parts by mass: 90-110 parts of dust collecting powder of a graphitization furnace, 120-140 parts of dolomite, 350-390 parts of basalt, 140-160 parts of waste ceramic chips and 90-110 parts of return materials; the feed back includes rock wool's leftover bits and the rock wool that can not form fixed shape, the composition that graphitizing furnace received the dust includes: na (Na) 2 SO 4 、Na 2 SiF 6 、SiO 2 、K 2 NaAlF 6 、Ca 2 AlF 7 、Na 2 SiO 3 The temperature of the preheated mixture is 450-550 ℃, and the temperature of the hot melt is more than 1500 ℃.
2. The method of producing rock wool according to claim 1, wherein the first mixture has a particle size of 1mm to 5mm.
3. The method for preparing rock wool according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the coke is 140-160 parts by weight, and the particle size of the coke is 5mm-8mm.
4. The method for preparing rock wool according to claim 1, wherein the centrifugal speed of centrifugal fibre-forming is greater than 7000r/min.
5. The method of manufacturing rock wool according to claim 1 wherein said fibers include a binder, said binder including a phenolic resin material.
6. The method for preparing rock wool according to claim 1, wherein the curing temperature of the curing cutting is 220-250 ℃.
7. A rock wool, characterized in that it is produced by the method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
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