CN113650813A - Active driving type large-scale film unfolding sail device - Google Patents
Active driving type large-scale film unfolding sail device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113650813A CN113650813A CN202110910702.3A CN202110910702A CN113650813A CN 113650813 A CN113650813 A CN 113650813A CN 202110910702 A CN202110910702 A CN 202110910702A CN 113650813 A CN113650813 A CN 113650813A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64G—COSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
- B64G1/00—Cosmonautic vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B64G—COSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
- B64G1/00—Cosmonautic vehicles
- B64G1/22—Parts of, or equipment specially adapted for fitting in or to, cosmonautic vehicles
- B64G1/42—Arrangements or adaptations of power supply systems
- B64G1/44—Arrangements or adaptations of power supply systems using radiation, e.g. deployable solar arrays
- B64G1/446—Thermal solar power generation
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Abstract
The invention discloses an active driving type large-scale film sail unfolding device which comprises an upper layer unfolding device, a sail storage device, a lower layer unfolding device, a driving device and a locking device which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein the upper layer unfolding device and the lower layer unfolding device are used for realizing the extension of a strip-shaped elastic mast so as to drag the unfolding of a film sail; storing the film sail in a sail storage device; the driving device is used for driving the strip-shaped elastic mast in the unfolding device to unfold; the locking device is used for locking the unfolding device in a locking state. The invention also includes a barrier device for isolating the internal device from the external environment. The invention can be used as a mast sail for the off-orbit in the last stage of the satellite life; the solar sail can be used as a future spacecraft propulsion system, is suitable for a propulsion system of a long-distance deep space exploration spacecraft, and can reduce the mass of the device, simplify the structural design and improve the reliability and stability of the system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of space structure mechanisms, and particularly relates to an active driving type large-scale film unfolding sail device.
Background
The film unfolding sail can be used as an off-orbit sail for off-orbit at the end of the service life of a satellite as a space structure mechanism system, and can also be used as a solar sail for a future spacecraft propulsion system.
The film off-orbit sail device mainly increases the windward area of the satellite in the flight direction, so that the atmospheric resistance borne by the satellite is improved, and the satellite off-orbit is accelerated. The off-orbit sail is mainly used for low-orbit spacecraft and accelerates off-orbit after being unfolded at the end of service life. Patrick discloses and reports an off-orbit sail device AEOLDOS suitable for low orbit cuboids, the deployment area of which is only 1m2Occupying about 0.3U (3 cm × 10cm × 10 cm) of space within the star. The off-track sail device Nanosail-D designed by NASA is the earliest on-track demonstration verification device reported at present, and the maximum product after expansion can reach 10m2The off-rail sail with the largest unfolding area occupies 2U (20 cm multiplied by 10 cm) of space in the satellite. A micro-nano satellite off-orbit sail device aiming at the level below 20 kg is developed by Toronto university in Canada, and four single-layer strip-shaped elastic masts are mainly adopted to drag four pieces of sail with the area of 1
The triangular film sail is unfolded, and the four film sails are respectively stored in four sail storage bins, so that the space of 0.5U (5 cm multiplied by 10 cm) in the star is occupied. The existing off-orbit sail device designed at home and abroad mostly adopts a single-layer four-mast structure, and the sail deployment area is basically 10m2The film unfolding sail device is suitable for micro-nano satellites, and is suitable for large-scale failure spacecrafts, rocket end stages, airships and the like, and the large-scale film unfolding sail device is required to be designed because the mass of the film unfolding sail device is large, and the surface-to-mass ratio of the film unfolding sail device is required to be improved in order to accelerate the off-orbit flight of the film unfolding sail device.
The solar sail is suitable for the fields of high orbit satellite orbit changing or deep space navigation and the like, and is currently in the hot spot field of various research units and companies. On 21.5.2010, JAXA in Japan successfully launches the first solar sail spacecraft 'IKARAOS' in the world, the specification of the sail surface is about 14m multiplied by 14m after being unfolded, and the on-orbit unfolding, on-orbit light pressure accelerating sailing and accelerating golden star flying tasks of the solar sail are completed for the first time. Thereafter, the American Planet Association transmitted Sun Sail-1 and Sun Sail-2 sun Sail spacecraft in tandem, with LightSail-2 successfully demonstrating sun-driven flight, lifting orbit, and opening a new interplanetary voyage mode for the first time. The essential characteristics of the film sail, such as no mass loss and infinite specific impulse, make the film sail the research focus in the field of deep space exploration, particularly the field of non-Keplerian orbit missions. At present, China carries out partial basic research in the fields of track transfer, attitude control and the like of the solar sail, but the research on a large-scale solar sail deployment device is still in a starting stage, the device has the problems of high complexity and low reliability, and the application research of an on-track deployment test and a propulsion test is not carried out temporarily.
Based on the analysis, the design of the film unfolding sail device at home and abroad at present is mainly considered from the aspects of the unfolding feasibility of a structural mechanism, the product reliability and the on-orbit service life. In the field of low-rail off-rail sails, an active driving type unfolding mode design is mainly adopted, and the film sail is driven to unfold by utilizing elastic potential energy stored in a mast; in the field of solar sails, a motor-driven unfolding mode design is mainly adopted, and a stepping motor is used for driving a film sail to unfold. The two design schemes have narrow application range and are difficult to realize generalization, so that the space application range of the existing solar sail and off-rail sail is difficult to expand.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an actively-driven large-scale film unfolding sail device (the sail area is 20-100 m)2) The system is suitable for the fields of deep space exploration and the like, and solves the problem of a propulsion system for performing remote deep space exploration on part of spacecrafts.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: an actively-driven large-scale film unfolding sail device comprises an upper layer unfolding device, a sail storage device, a lower layer unfolding device, a driving device and a locking device from top to bottom;
the sail storage device is used for storing the film sail.
The upper layer unfolding device comprises an upper layer mast central shaft, an upper layer unfolding sub-mechanism and two upper layer strip elastic masts, wherein the fixed section of the upper layer strip elastic mast is arranged in the upper layer unfolding sub-mechanism and wound on the upper layer mast central shaft, the extending section of the upper layer strip elastic mast extends out of the upper layer unfolding sub-mechanism and then is connected with the film sail, and when the upper layer strip elastic masts are unfolded, the upper layer strip elastic masts and the two lower layer strip elastic masts of the lower layer are synchronously unfolded so as to drive the film sail connected with the upper layer strip elastic masts to be unfolded.
The lower layer unfolding device comprises a lower layer mast central shaft, a lower layer unfolding sub-mechanism and two lower layer strip elastic masts, wherein the two lower layer strip elastic masts and the two upper layer strip elastic masts are vertically distributed, a fixed section of the lower layer strip elastic mast is arranged in the lower layer unfolding sub-mechanism and wound on the lower layer mast central shaft, an extension section of the lower layer strip elastic mast extends out of the lower layer unfolding sub-mechanism and then is connected with the film sail, and when the lower layer strip elastic masts are unfolded, the extension section of the lower layer strip elastic masts and the two upper layer strip elastic masts are synchronously unfolded so as to drive the film sail connected with the extension section to be unfolded.
The driving device is used for driving the upper layer of strip-shaped elastic masts in the upper layer of unfolding device and the lower layer of strip-shaped elastic masts in the lower layer of unfolding device to unfold.
And the locking device is used for locking the upper-layer unfolding device and the lower-layer unfolding device in a locking state.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the remarkable advantages that:
(1) the invention has small volume and light weight, reduces the limit to the mass and space of other systems, and improves the functional density of the film sail deployment device.
(2) The invention adopts the double-layer elastic mast to unfold, so that the length of the elastic mast stored in the unfolding mechanism of each layer is increased, and the unfolding area of the sail is greatly increased.
(3) The device is driven by the scroll spring, and the membrane sail is unfolded by utilizing the mechanical energy stored in the device, so that the ground control difficulty is reduced, the manufacturing cost of a membrane sail unfolding system is reduced, and the weight of the device is further reduced.
(4) The pressing mechanism adopts the double-friction roller and the tension spring to press the strip-shaped elastic mast, and realizes the structural simplification on the basis of ensuring the uniform stress of the strip-shaped elastic mast.
(5) The sailboard designed by the invention isolates the internal original components from the external environment, and prevents the external interference from influencing the functions of the device in the installation and transportation processes.
(6) The sail surface of the film sail is fixed on the central shaft of the mast by the sail pressing block, so that the film sail is simple to mount and is not easy to loosen due to the reverse stroke self-locking principle.
(7) The invention adopts the positioning pin for locking, and has the advantages of simple structure, good reliability, low processing cost and strong practicability.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the assembled film sail deployment device of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the film sail deployment device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the deployed film sail deployment device according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the external structure of the upper layer spreading device of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the interior of the upper layer deployment device of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a pressing mechanism in the upper layer spreading device according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a sail storage device according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the construction of the lower deployment device of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the driving device of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of a transmission shaft structure of the driving device of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the locking device of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a baffle device according to the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of a base plate of the locking device of the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the central axis structure of the lower mast of the present invention.
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the central axis structure of the upper mast according to the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-locking device, 2-upper layer deployment device, 3-sail storage device, 4-lower layer deployment device, 5-driving device, 6-lower layer mast central shaft, 7-upper layer mast central shaft, 8-1-upper layer strip elastic mast, 8-2-upper layer strip elastic mast, 9-upper layer outer shell, 10-end cover, 11-support plate, 12-first tension spring, 13-pressing block, 14-friction roller shaft, 15-friction roller, 16-guide roller shaft, 17-guide roller, 18-sail fixing block, 19-lower baffle plate, 20-first boss, 21-second boss, 25-lower layer outer shell, 26-gear, 28-sail pressing block, 29-lower layer outer shell, 30-a spring, 31-a transmission shaft, 32-a second tension spring, 33-a positioning pin, 34-a positioning rod, 35-a positioning table, 36-a regular hexagon boss, 37-a hold-down mechanism, 39-a baffle device, 40-a transmission gear, 41-a film sail, 42-a torsion spring, 43-a sail shaft, 44-a sail, 45-a baffle ring, 46-a bottom plate, 47-a spring and 48-a third boss.
Detailed Description
The device is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
With reference to fig. 1 to 15, an actively driven large-scale film unfolding sail device occupies a space of 80mm x 140mm, and is composed of an upper layer unfolding device 2, a sail storage device 3, a lower layer unfolding device 4, a driving device 5 and a locking device 1 from top to bottom.
With reference to fig. 4 and 5, the upper layer unfolding device 2 comprises an upper layer mast central shaft 7, an upper layer unfolding sub-mechanism and two upper layer strip-shaped elastic masts 8-1. The lower layer unfolding device 4 comprises a lower layer mast central shaft 6, a lower layer unfolding sub-mechanism and two lower layer strip-shaped elastic masts 8-2, wherein the structure of the lower layer unfolding sub-mechanism is the same as that of the upper layer unfolding sub-mechanism.
The upper layer unfolding sub-mechanism comprises an upper layer outer shell 9, a lower layer outer shell 25, two end covers 10, a pair of supporting plates 11, four groups of pressing mechanisms 37, two pairs of guide rollers 17 and two pairs of guide roller shafts 16; the supporting plates 11 are L-shaped, the pair of supporting plates 11 are symmetrically arranged, mast extending seams are reserved at the connecting positions of the two supporting plates, the top surfaces and the bottom surfaces of the pair of supporting plates 11 are fixedly connected with an end cover 10 respectively to form a mast cavity, and the upper layer outer shell 9 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the mast cavity; the lower-layer outer shell 25 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the mast cavity; the upper layer unfolding sub-mechanism is of a centrosymmetric structure, two pairs of guide roller shafts 16 are arranged in the cavity of the mast, a pair of guide roller shafts 16 is arranged at the position of each extending seam of the mast, one guide roller 17 is sleeved on each guide roller shaft 16, the two pairs of guide roller shafts 16 are positioned on the first diagonal of the upper layer unfolding sub-mechanism through an end cover 10, and a 1-3mm gap is reserved between the guide rollers 17 in the same pair; the central shaft of the mast is arranged along the central axis of the mast cavity, two ends of the central shaft respectively extend into the upper outer shell 9 and the lower outer shell 25, the central shaft of the mast is wound on the central shaft of the mast along the fixed section of the strip-shaped elastic mast, and the extending sections of the two strip-shaped elastic masts on the same layer respectively extend out of different mast extending seams after passing through the pair of guide rollers 17 and then are connected with the film sail 41.
With reference to fig. 5 and 6, each set of pressing mechanisms 37 includes two pressing blocks 13, two friction roller shafts 14, two friction rollers 15 and eight first tension springs 12; two friction roller shafts 14 are arranged in the mast cavity in parallel, two ends of each friction roller shaft respectively penetrate through the two end covers 10 and then are fixedly connected with a pressing block 13, one pressing block 13 is positioned in the upper layer outer shell 9, and the other pressing block is positioned in the lower layer outer shell 25; each friction roller shaft 14 is provided with a friction roller 15; four press blocks 13 are positioned in the upper layer outer shell 9, two adjacent press blocks 13 are connected through a first tension spring 12, and the four first tension springs 12 form a quadrangle; the four sets of hold-down mechanisms 37 are located at the four corners of the upper deployment sub-mechanism and are positioned by the end caps 10 for holding down the strip-like flexible mast to prevent the strip-like flexible mast from "blooming" within the device when in the collapsed state.
With reference to fig. 7, the sail storage device includes a sail fixing block 18, a sail pressing block 28 and a lower fence 19; the sail pressing block 28 is a circular truncated cone shaped sleeve, but the outer side is provided with threads, and the large end is provided with four slits, so that the aperture size of the sail pressing block 28 can be slightly changed. The sail fixing block 18 is provided with threads on the inner side for cooperating with the sail pressing block 28. When the sail fixing block 18 and the sail pressing block 28 are screwed tightly, under the action of the pre-tightening force on the threads, the inner diameter of the sail pressing block 28 is reduced and is tightly fixed on the lower mast central shaft 6, and the center of the film sail is tightly pressed between the sail pressing block 28 and the lower mast central shaft 6. When the membrane sail deployment device is in the locked position, the membrane sail is folded in a manner between the lower fender 19 and the lower outer hull 25 of the upper deployment device 2.
With reference to FIG. 8, the lower deployment device further comprises a gear 26; gear 26 sets up on lower floor's mast center shaft 6, and is located the bottom surface of lower floor's expansion sub-mechanism, and gear 26 is used for meshing drive arrangement 5, is equipped with the screw hole along the center of lower floor's mast center shaft 6, is equipped with regular hexagon boss at the top surface of lower floor's mast center shaft 6 for link firmly with upper mast center shaft 7, and 6 bottom surfaces of lower floor's mast center shaft are equipped with regular hexagon boss, are used for carrying out interference fit with gear 26.
The center of upper mast center shaft 7 is equipped with the screw thread through-hole, upwards opens at 7 bottoms of upper mast center shaft has regular hexagon recesses, and regular hexagon recess is used for linking firmly with lower floor's mast center shaft 6.
Be equipped with the screw hole along the center of lower floor's mast center pin 6, be equipped with regular hexagon boss at the top surface of lower floor's mast center pin 6 for link firmly with upper mast center pin 7, 6 bottom surfaces of lower floor's mast center pin are equipped with regular hexagon boss, are used for carrying out interference fit with gear 26.
With reference to fig. 9, the driving device 5 comprises a bottom outer casing 29, a spring 30, a transmission shaft 31 and a transmission gear 40; the transmission shaft 31 comprises a first cylinder, a second cylinder, a first disc, a third cylinder, a second disc and a regular hexagon boss from top to bottom, the bottom outer shell 29 is a shell without a top cover, the boss is arranged at the center of the inner wall of the bottom surface of the bottom outer shell, the regular hexagon boss of the transmission shaft 31 penetrates through the bottom surface of the bottom outer shell 29 and extends into the locking device 1 so as to be locked by the locking device 1 in a locking state, the transmission shaft 31 is rotatably connected with the bottom outer shell 29, the transmission gear 40 is fixed on the second cylinder, the transmission gear 40 is meshed with the gear 26 to drive the rotation of a central shaft of the mast, and further the banded elastic mast is unfolded, the first cylinder upwards extends into the lower unfolding sub-mechanism and is rotatably connected with the lower outer shell 25, the spiral spring 30 is a spiral flat spring, one end is fixedly wound on the boss, and the other end is fixed on the third cylinder.
With reference to fig. 10, 11 and 13, the locking device 1 includes a bottom plate 46, a spring 47, a second tension spring 32, a positioning pin 33 and four retaining rings 45; the baffle rings 45 are fixed on the positioning rod 34 on the bottom plate 46 through screws, meanwhile, the whole positioning rod 34 is positioned in four diagonal stepped holes of the bottom outer shell 29, and the baffle rings 45 are used for limiting the moving distance of the bottom plate 46; one end of the second tension spring 32 is fixedly connected with a third boss with a through hole on the bottom plate 46, the other end of the second tension spring is fixedly connected with one end of the positioning pin 33, and the other end of the positioning pin 33 is connected with a nylon rope; when the locking mechanism is in a locking state, one end of the locking mechanism is fixed on the first boss with the groove on the periphery, the other end of the locking mechanism provides a pulling force for the positioning pin 33, so that the second tension spring 32 is in a stretching state, the positioning pin 33 is positioned in the through hole on the regular hexagon boss of the transmission shaft 31, and meanwhile, the spring 47 is in a compression state; when the device is in the unfolding state, the nylon rope fixedly connected with the positioning pin 33 is blown out through the wire burning module, at the moment, the positioning pin 33 leaves the transmission shaft 31 under the action of the second tension spring 32 fixedly connected with the positioning pin, the locking device 1 is unlocked, the transmission shaft starts to rotate under the action of the spring, and meanwhile, the locking device releases the baffle plate device under the action of the spring 47.
With reference to fig. 11 and 12, the actively driven large film unfolding sail device further includes a baffle device 39, and the baffle device 39 is disposed around the upper layer unfolding device 2, the sail storage device 3, the lower layer unfolding device 4, the driving device 5, and the locking device 1 along the central axis direction of the film sail unfolding device.
The said flap arrangement 39 comprises a windsurfing board 44, a torsion spring 42 and a windsurfing board shaft 43; a pair of first support lugs is arranged on the upper portion of the inner wall of the sailboard 44, a pair of second support lugs is arranged on the outer wall of the upper layer outer shell 9 of the upper layer unfolding sub-mechanism, the first support lugs and the second support lugs are equal in height, the sailboard shaft 43 penetrates through the first support lugs and the second support lugs, the torsion spring 42 is arranged on the sailboard shaft 43, and the opening of the baffle plate device 39 and the upper layer outer shell 9 is achieved through the torsion spring 42 and the sailboard shaft 43; the bottom surface of the sailboard 44 is in contact with the bottom plate 46 of the locking device 1, and the limiting is realized through a weak element; in the deployed state, the base plate 46 is under the spring force generated by the spring 47 to break the weak element release barrier means 39 and thereby deploy the windsurfing board 44.
The working description is as follows:
the top of the invention is fixedly connected with the cube star, and the invention can be used in the fields of off-orbit of the cube star or orbit change of high orbit satellites, deep space navigation and the like.
When the active driving type large film unfolding sail device is in a locking state: the whole film sail 41 is stored in the sail storage device 3 in a folded state, and four corners of the film sail 41 are fixed on the extension section of the strip-shaped elastic mast by using hauling ropes; the fixed ends of the upper layer strip-shaped elastic mast 8-1 and the lower layer strip-shaped elastic mast 8-2 are respectively wound on the upper layer mast central shaft 7 and the lower layer mast central shaft 6 clockwise, and the strip-shaped elastic mast is pressed by the pressing mechanism 37, so that the strip-shaped elastic mast is prevented from flowering in the device when in a contraction state; in a locking state, a second tension spring 32 fixedly connected with a positioning pin is in a stretching state, one end of a positioning pin 33 of the locking device 1 is fixedly connected with the second tension spring 32, the other end of the positioning pin is fixedly connected with a connecting rope, the positioning pin is positioned in a through hole of a regular hexagon boss of the transmission shaft 31, the transmission shaft 31 is locked, and then the lower-layer mast central shaft 6 and the upper-layer mast central shaft are fixed, so that the strip-shaped elastic mast is prevented from being unfolded accidentally due to the elastic potential energy of the strip-shaped elastic mast; the spring 47 on the positioning table 35 of the base plate 46 is in a compressed state, and the bottom surface of the windsurfing board 44 is in contact with the base plate 46 of the locking device 1, and is limited by a weak element, so that the windsurfing board 44 is prevented from being unfolded due to the elastic potential energy of the torsion spring 42.
In the unfolded state: an additional wire burning module in the locking device 1 burns off a section of the connecting rope of the positioning pin 33, and the positioning pin 33 leaves a through hole on the regular hexagon boss 36 of the transmission shaft 31 under the action of a second tension spring 32 fixedly connected with the positioning pin 33; the base plate 46 is moved away from the underlying outer hull 29 by the spring 47 so that the windsurfing board 44 leaves the windsurfing board slot 38 and the windsurfing board 44 is unfolded by the torsion spring 42; the baffle ring 45 on the positioning rod 34 is limited by the stepped hole on the bottom layer outer shell body 29, so that the bottom plate is not completely separated from the film sail deployment device; meanwhile, the transmission shaft 31 rotates under the action of the clockwork spring 30, and power is transmitted to the lower-layer mast central shaft 6 and the upper-layer mast central shaft 7 through the transmission shaft 31 and the gear 26 in sequence; the upper layer of the strip-shaped elastic mast 8-2 and the lower layer of the strip-shaped elastic mast 8-2 are gradually unfolded, the number of the strip-shaped elastic mast layers wound on the central shaft of the mast is gradually reduced in the unfolding process, and meanwhile, the pressing mechanism 37 is used for pressing the strip-shaped elastic mast wound on the central shaft all the time under the action of the first tension spring 12; the guide roller limits the unfolding direction of the extending sections of the upper layer of the strip-shaped elastic mast 8-1 and the lower layer of the strip-shaped elastic mast 8-2 when the extending sections leave the device; the extending sections of the upper layer of the strip-shaped elastic mast 8-1 and the lower layer of the strip-shaped elastic mast 8-2 drag the film sail 41 to extend outwards during the unfolding process until the film sail 41 is completely unfolded.
In conclusion, the active driving type large-scale film unfolding sail device has the advantages of small volume, light weight, reduction of the limit on the mass and space of other systems and the like; meanwhile, the double-layer elastic masts are adopted for unfolding, so that the lengths of the upper-layer strip-shaped elastic mast 8-1 stored in the upper-layer unfolding mechanism and the lower-layer strip-shaped elastic mast 8-2 stored in the lower-layer unfolding mechanism are increased, and the unfolding area of the sail is greatly increased; the membrane sail 41 is unfolded by using mechanical energy stored by the membrane sail unfolding device under the driving of the spring 30, so that the difficulty of ground control is reduced, the manufacturing cost of the membrane sail unfolding system is reduced, and the weight of the membrane sail unfolding device is further reduced; the baffle device 39 is added to isolate the internal original components from the external environment, so that the influence of external interference on the functions of the device in the installation and transportation processes is prevented; the sail surface of the film sail 41 is fixed on the lower-layer mast central shaft 6 by adopting a sail pressing block 28, so that the installation is simple, and the film sail is not easy to loosen due to a self-locking principle; the locking device 1 is locked by the positioning pin 33, and has the advantages of simple structure, good reliability, low processing cost and strong practicability.
Claims (10)
1. An actively-driven large-scale film unfolding sail device is characterized in that: comprises an upper layer unfolding device (2), a sail storage device (3), a lower layer unfolding device (4), a driving device (5) and a locking device (1) from top to bottom;
the sail storage device (3) is used for storing a film sail (41);
the upper layer unfolding device (2) comprises an upper layer mast central shaft (7), an upper layer unfolding sub mechanism and two upper layer strip elastic masts (8-1), wherein the fixed section of the upper layer strip elastic mast (8-1) is arranged in the upper layer unfolding sub mechanism and wound on the upper layer mast central shaft (7), the extending section of the upper layer strip elastic mast (8-1) extends out of the upper layer unfolding sub mechanism and then is connected with the film sail (41), and when the upper layer strip elastic masts are unfolded, the upper layer strip elastic masts and the lower layer strip elastic masts (8-2) are synchronously unfolded so as to drive the film sail (41) connected with the upper layer strip elastic masts to be unfolded;
the lower layer unfolding device (4) comprises a lower layer mast central shaft (6), a lower layer unfolding sub mechanism and two lower layer strip-shaped elastic masts (8-2), the two lower layer strip-shaped elastic masts (8-2) and the two upper layer strip-shaped elastic masts (8-1) are vertically distributed, a fixed section of each lower layer strip-shaped elastic mast is arranged in the lower layer unfolding sub mechanism and wound on the lower layer mast central shaft (6), an extension section of each lower layer strip-shaped elastic mast (8-2) extends out of the lower layer unfolding sub mechanism and then is connected with the corresponding film sail (41), and when the lower layer strip-shaped elastic masts are unfolded, the lower layer unfolding device and the two upper layer strip-shaped elastic masts (8-1) are synchronously unfolded so as to drive the film sails (41) connected with the lower layer strip-shaped elastic masts to be unfolded;
the driving device (5) is used for driving the upper layer strip-shaped elastic mast (8-1) in the upper layer unfolding device (2) and the lower layer strip-shaped elastic mast (8-2) in the lower layer unfolding device (4) to be unfolded;
the locking device (1) is used for locking the upper layer unfolding device (2) and the lower layer unfolding device (4) in a locking state.
2. The actively driven large film spreading sail apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the upper layer unfolding sub-mechanism and the lower layer unfolding sub-mechanism have the same structure;
the upper layer unfolding sub-mechanism comprises an upper layer outer shell (9), a lower layer outer shell (25), two end covers (10), a pair of supporting plates (11), four groups of pressing mechanisms (37), two pairs of guide rollers (17) and two pairs of guide roller shafts (16);
the supporting plates (11) are L-shaped, the pair of supporting plates (11) are symmetrically arranged, mast extending seams are reserved at the connecting positions of the supporting plates and the pair of supporting plates, the top surfaces and the bottom surfaces of the pair of supporting plates (11) are fixedly connected with an end cover (10) respectively to form a mast cavity, and the upper layer outer shell (9) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the mast cavity; the lower-layer outer shell (25) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the mast cavity;
the upper-layer unfolding sub-mechanism is of a centrosymmetric structure, two pairs of guide roller shafts (16) are arranged in a mast cavity, a pair of guide roller shafts (16) is arranged at the position of each extending seam of the mast, one guide roller (17) is sleeved on each guide roller shaft (16), the two pairs of guide roller shafts (16) are positioned on the first diagonal of the upper-layer unfolding sub-mechanism through an end cover (10), and a 1-3mm gap is reserved between the guide rollers (17) in the same pair;
the mast central shaft is arranged along the central axis of the mast cavity, two ends of the mast central shaft respectively extend into the upper layer outer shell (9) and the lower layer outer shell (25), the mast central shaft is wound along the fixed section of the strip-shaped elastic mast, and the extension sections of the two strip-shaped elastic masts on the same layer respectively extend out from different mast extension seams after passing through a pair of guide rollers (17) and then are connected with the film sail (41);
the four groups of pressing mechanisms (37) are positioned at four corners of the upper-layer unfolding sub-mechanism and positioned through end covers (10) and are used for pressing the strip-shaped elastic masts so as to prevent the strip-shaped elastic masts from flowering in the device when the strip-shaped elastic masts are in a contracted state; two ends of the pressing mechanism (37) respectively extend into the upper outer shell (9) and the lower outer shell (25);
the strip-shaped elastic mast is clockwise wound on the mast central shaft and is driven to extend outwards by the rotation of the mast central shaft when being unfolded.
3. The actively driven large film spreading sail apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein: each group of pressing mechanisms (37) comprises two pressing blocks (13), two friction roller shafts (14), two friction rollers (15) and eight first tension springs (12);
two friction roller shafts (14) are arranged in the mast cavity in parallel, two ends of each friction roller shaft penetrate through the two end covers (10) respectively and then are fixedly connected with a pressing block (13), one pressing block (13) is positioned in the upper layer outer shell (9), and the other pressing block is positioned in the lower layer outer shell (25);
each friction roller shaft (14) is provided with a friction roller (15);
the four pressing blocks (13) are positioned in the upper layer outer shell (9), two adjacent pressing blocks (13) are connected through first tension springs (12), and the four first tension springs (12) form a quadrangle;
the four pressing blocks (13) are positioned in the lower-layer outer shell (25), two adjacent pressing blocks (13) are connected through first tension springs (12), and the four first tension springs (12) form a quadrangle;
when the strip-shaped elastic mast is wound on the central shaft of the mast, the tension spring (12) is in a stretching state, and the pressing mechanism (37) transmits pressing force to the strip-shaped elastic mast under the action of the tension spring (12).
4. The actively driven large film spreading sail apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the sail storage device (3) comprises a sail pressing block (28), a sail fixing block (18) and a lower baffle plate (19);
the lower baffle plate (19) and the sail pressing block (28) are sleeved on the lower-layer mast central shaft (6), the sail pressing block (28) is positioned above the lower baffle plate (19), the sail fixing block (18) is sleeved on the sail pressing block (28), and the two are fixedly connected through threads;
the sail pressing block (28) is cylindrical, a long and thin groove is formed upwards from the bottom end along the circumferential side wall, under the action of the sail fixing block (18), the bottom of the sail pressing block (28) is slightly deformed, so that the inner diameter of the sail pressing block (28) is reduced, the inner part of the film sail (41) is pressed on the lower-layer mast central shaft (6), meanwhile, the film sail (41) is folded and stored between the top surface of the lower baffle plate (19) and the bottom surface of the upper-layer unfolding device (2), a cylinder is arranged in the center of the bottom surface of the lower baffle plate (19), and the cylinder extends into the upper-layer outer shell (9) of the lower-layer unfolding device (4) and is in interference fit with the lower-layer unfolding device and the upper-layer outer shell;
connecting holes are formed in four opposite corners of the film sail (41) and are respectively connected with the four strip-shaped elastic masts through traction ropes, and when the strip-shaped elastic masts are unfolded, the film sail is driven to be unfolded.
5. The actively driven large film spreading sail apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the lower layer unfolding device (4) further comprises a gear (26), the gear (26) is arranged on the lower layer mast central shaft (6) and is located on the bottom surface of the lower layer unfolding sub-mechanism, and the gear (26) is used for being meshed with the driving device (5).
6. The actively driven large film spreading sail apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 5, wherein: the center of the upper-layer mast central shaft (7) is provided with a threaded through hole, the bottom surface of the upper-layer mast central shaft (7) is upwards provided with a regular hexagonal groove, and the regular hexagonal groove is fixedly connected with the lower-layer mast central shaft (6);
the central screw hole that is equipped with along lower floor's mast center pin (6), be equipped with regular hexagon boss at the top surface of lower floor's mast center pin (6) for link firmly with upper mast center pin (7), lower floor's mast center pin (6) bottom surface is equipped with regular hexagon boss, is used for carrying out interference fit with gear (26).
7. The actively driven large film spreading sail apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the driving device (5) comprises a clockwork spring (30), a bottom layer outer shell (29), a transmission shaft (31) and a transmission gear (40);
the transmission shaft (31) comprises a first cylinder, a second cylinder, a first disc, a third cylinder, a second disc and a regular hexagon boss from top to bottom, the bottom layer outer shell (29) is a shell without a top cover, the boss is arranged at the center of the inner wall of the bottom surface of the bottom layer outer shell, the regular hexagon boss of the transmission shaft (31) penetrates through the bottom surface of the bottom layer outer shell (29) and extends into the locking device (1) so as to be locked by the locking device (1) in a locking state, the transmission shaft (31) is rotatably connected with the bottom layer outer shell (29), the transmission gear (40) is fixed on the second cylinder, the transmission gear (40) is meshed with the gear (26) to drive the rotation of the central shaft of the mast so as to expand the strip-shaped elastic mast, the first cylinder extends upwards into the lower layer expansion sub mechanism to be rotatably connected with the lower layer outer shell (25), the spiral spring (30) is a flat spring, and one end of the spiral is fixedly wound on the boss, the other end is fixed on the third cylinder.
8. The actively driven large film spreading sail apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the locking device (1) comprises a positioning pin (33), a second tension spring (32), a spring (47), a bottom plate (46) and four retaining rings (45);
a positioning table (35) and a first boss (20) are arranged in the center of the inner wall of the base plate (46), the positioning table (35) is used for mounting a spring (47), when the base plate is in a locking state, the spring (47) is in a compression state, a third boss (48) and two second bosses (21) are arranged on the inner wall of the base plate (46) at collinear intervals, through holes are formed in the two second bosses (21), two ends of a positioning pin (33) are in clearance fit with the through holes of the two second bosses (21) respectively, one end of a second tension spring (32) is fixedly connected to the third boss (48), the other end of the second tension spring is fixedly connected to one end of the positioning pin (33), the other end of the positioning pin (33) is fixedly connected to a connecting rope, and the connecting rope is wound on the first boss (20);
and four corners of the bottom plate (46) are respectively provided with a positioning rod (34), the positioning rods (34) are used for being matched with the bottom layer outer shell (29) to realize positioning, and the top ends of the positioning rods are downwards provided with threaded holes for arranging baffle rings (45) so as to limit the movement of the locking device in the unfolding state.
9. An actively driven large film spreading sail device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: the film sail unfolding device comprises four baffle devices (39), wherein the baffle devices (39) are arranged around an upper layer unfolding device (2), a sail storage device (3), a lower layer unfolding device (4), a driving device (5) and a locking device (1) along the direction of a central axis of the film sail unfolding device.
10. The actively driven large film spreading sail apparatus as claimed in claim 9, wherein: the baffle plate device (39) comprises a sailboard (44), a torsion spring (42) and a sailboard shaft (43);
a pair of first support lugs is arranged on the upper portion of the inner wall of the sailboard (44), a pair of second support lugs is arranged on the outer wall of an upper layer outer shell (9) of the upper layer unfolding sub-mechanism, the first support lugs and the second support lugs are equal in height, a sailboard shaft (43) penetrates through the first support lugs and the second support lugs, a torsion spring (42) is arranged on the sailboard shaft (43), and the opening of the baffle plate device (39) and the upper layer outer shell (9) is achieved through the torsion spring (42) and the sailboard shaft (43);
the bottom surface of the sailboard (44) is contacted with a bottom plate (46) of the locking device (1), and the limiting is realized through a weak part;
when in the unfolded state, the bottom plate (46) breaks the weak part release baffle plate device (39) under the action of the spring force generated by the spring (47), and then the sailboard (44) is unfolded.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110910702.3A CN113650813B (en) | 2021-08-09 | 2021-08-09 | Active driving type large-scale film unfolding sail device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110910702.3A CN113650813B (en) | 2021-08-09 | 2021-08-09 | Active driving type large-scale film unfolding sail device |
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| CN113650813A true CN113650813A (en) | 2021-11-16 |
| CN113650813B CN113650813B (en) | 2023-01-24 |
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| CN202110910702.3A Active CN113650813B (en) | 2021-08-09 | 2021-08-09 | Active driving type large-scale film unfolding sail device |
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| CN114132528A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-04 | 北京卫星制造厂有限公司 | Flexible sail unfolding device |
| CN115924134A (en) * | 2022-12-16 | 2023-04-07 | 苏州馥昶空间技术有限公司 | Off-orbit sail device and satellite |
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| US3785590A (en) * | 1970-12-21 | 1974-01-15 | Communications Satellite Corp | Spacecraft body with roller mechanism for deployable-retractable thin film solar array |
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|---|---|
| CN113650813B (en) | 2023-01-24 |
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