CN113648935B - Photo-thermal electricity-releasing catalytic reaction device, system and application - Google Patents
Photo-thermal electricity-releasing catalytic reaction device, system and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN113648935B CN113648935B CN202110885512.0A CN202110885512A CN113648935B CN 113648935 B CN113648935 B CN 113648935B CN 202110885512 A CN202110885512 A CN 202110885512A CN 113648935 B CN113648935 B CN 113648935B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a photo-thermal electricity-releasing catalytic reaction device, a system and application. The reaction device comprises: the lower part of the reactor is arranged in a water cooling tank, the upper part of the reactor is provided with quartz glass, and the upper part of the reactor is provided with a light source and a shielding component; the first circulation pipeline and the second circulation pipeline are respectively communicated with the water cooling tank and used for adjusting the water temperature in the water cooling tank so as to adjust the temperature of the solution in the reactor; the temperature monitoring device is communicated with the reactor and used for monitoring the temperature change in the reactor, and comprises a first detector and a second detector, wherein the first detector detects the temperature of the solution in the reactor, and the second detector detects the surface temperature of the solution in the reactor. The method can be used for measuring the change of the temperature of the solution in the reaction with or without illumination along with time; the detection of the catalytic performance under the action of photochemical and pyroelectric effects can be completed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photocatalytic reaction, in particular to a photo-thermal electricity-releasing catalytic reaction device, a photo-thermal electricity-releasing catalytic reaction system and application.
Background
Solar energy, which is a clean energy source that is known to be easily available at present, has great significance for the development and utilization of solar energy, and the use of solar energy instead of fossil energy combustion can effectively reduce the emission of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and the like and simultaneously alleviate various environmental problems caused by the solar energy.
However, the exploitation of solar energy is still desired, for example, as the inventor realizes: taking into account the time-dependent solar energy, it has been found that sunlight can not only have a photochemical effect but also produce a thermal effect, i.e. heat the illuminated surface in addition to the generation of photo-generated electron-hole pairs in the semiconductor material by excitation. The thermal effect of sunlight has great fluctuation, that is, not only the distribution of the photothermal resources is not uniform in space, but also the temperature generated by the sunlight irradiating the surface of an object can be changed by clouds, wind power and water flow at any time in one day.
Therefore, starting from the photocatalytic reaction, the inventors realized that: it is necessary to further utilize the temperature gradient of photothermal with time, and more precisely, it is important to examine the catalytic performance of the catalyst under the temperature gradient with time and the photochemical reaction, in the present invention, the inventor has designed a photothermal-release electrocatalytic reaction system, which is combined with a gas chromatograph, and can be used to measure the catalytic performance of the photocatalytic reaction, such as the catalytic performance of photocatalytic water decomposition.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a photo-thermal electricity-releasing catalytic reaction device, a system and application, by adopting the photo-thermal electricity-releasing catalytic reaction device, the change of the temperature of a solution in the reaction with or without illumination along with time can be measured; the detection of the catalytic reaction performance under the action of photochemical and pyroelectric effects can be completed.
The above purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a photothermal desorption electrocatalytic reaction device comprising:
the lower part of the reactor is arranged in the water cooling tank, the upper part of the reactor is provided with quartz glass, and a light source and a shielding component are arranged above the reactor;
the circulating pipeline comprises a first circulating pipeline and a second circulating pipeline, is respectively communicated with the water cooling tank and is used for heating and cooling water in the water cooling tank so as to adjust the temperature of the solution in the reactor;
the temperature monitoring device is communicated with the reactor and used for monitoring the temperature change in the reactor and comprises a first detector and a second detector, wherein the first detector extends into the reactor and is placed in the solution to be used for detecting the temperature of the solution, and the second detector extends into the reactor to be used for detecting the surface temperature of the solution. For example, when the catalyst can float on the surface of the solution, the temperature of the catalyst on the surface of the solution is detected; when the catalyst is in a non-floating state in the solution, the surface temperature of the solution is detected.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a photothermal emission electrocatalytic system comprising: the gas chromatograph is respectively connected with the reactor and the temperature monitoring device.
Optionally, the shutter assembly comprises: the baffle and the mechanical connecting rod are connected with the baffle, and the baffle is driven to move by controlling the mechanical connecting rod, so that whether the reaction is carried out under the illumination condition is controlled.
Optionally, the first circulation line includes therein: the water recycling system comprises a first water recycling machine, a first electric three-way valve, a second electric three-way valve and a first connecting pipe, wherein the first electric three-way valve and the second electric three-way valve are positioned on two sides of the first water recycling machine; the first connecting pipe is connected with the first electric three-way valve and the second electric three-way valve, and the first electric three-way valve, the first connecting pipe, the second electric three-way valve and the first circulating water machine form a first self-circulating pipeline; the first circulation pipeline or the first self-circulation pipeline is communicated by controlling the first electric three-way valve and the second electric three-way valve.
Optionally, the second circulation line includes therein: the water recycling machine comprises a water recycling machine II, a third electric three-way valve, a fourth electric three-way valve and a second connecting pipe, wherein the third electric three-way valve and the fourth electric three-way valve are positioned on two sides of the water recycling machine II; the second connecting pipe is connected with the third electric three-way valve and the fourth electric three-way valve, and the third electric three-way valve, the second connecting pipe, the fourth electric three-way valve and the second circulating water machine form a second self-circulating pipeline; and the second circulation pipeline or the second self-circulation pipeline is communicated by controlling the third electric three-way valve and the fourth electric three-way valve.
Optionally, the first circulation line is provided with check valves at both the inlet and the outlet connected to the reactor.
Optionally, the second circulation line is provided with check valves at both the inlet and the outlet connected to the reactor.
Optionally, a gas pipe is connected to the reactor and extends from the side wall of the reactor into the bottom of the reactor.
Optionally, the system further comprises a tail gas treatment device in communication with the reactor.
According to still another aspect of the invention, the invention provides an application of the photothermal electrorelease catalytic system in the performance determination of catalytic reaction.
Optionally, the applying comprises: under the condition of no illumination, the temperature of the solution in the reactor is regulated through the first circulating pipeline and the second circulating pipeline, and the change of the temperature of the solution in the reactor along with the time is detected through the temperature monitoring device; under the illumination condition, the temperature of the solution in the reactor is kept constant through the first circulation pipeline and the second circulation pipeline, the light source irradiation time is controlled by controlling the movement of the shielding assembly, the change of the temperature of the solution in the reactor along with the time is detected through the temperature monitoring device, and the change of the surface temperature of the solution is detected through the temperature monitoring device; and detecting the product performance of the catalytic reaction under the condition of no illumination and/or illumination by a gas chromatograph.
Optionally, the catalytic reaction is a catalytic water decomposition reaction under the condition of a catalyst; and the gas chromatograph detects the hydrogen production of the catalytic decomposition water.
Compared with the prior art, the method can determine the change of the temperature of the solution in the reaction with or without illumination along with time; the detection of the catalytic reaction performance under the action of photochemical and pyroelectric effects can be completed. For example, the change of temperature with time in the case of catalytically decomposing water without light irradiation, the catalytic performance under the action of photochemical and pyroelectric effects generated by light irradiation, and the like can be measured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a reactor and a shielding member in a photothermal and pyroelectric catalytic reaction apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photothermal electrocatalytic system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the temperature of the solution in the reactor with time without light irradiation in practical example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the temperature of the solution in the reactor as a function of time and the surface temperature of the solution in the reactor as a function of time in the case of light irradiation in practical example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the results of measuring the catalytic decomposition performance of water in application example 3 of the present invention.
In fig. 1-2, 100 reactors, 110 water cooling tanks, 120 quartz glass, 130 shielding assemblies, 1310 baffles, 1320 mechanical connecting rods, 140 sealing rings, 150 clamps, d, o, e, c, n, j, k, l, m are water nozzles, wherein n and o are used for connecting temperature controllers, d and e are used for connecting gas chromatographs, c is used for connecting tail gas treatment devices, and m, j, k and l are used for connecting circulation pipelines; 21 a first water circulating machine, 22 a second water circulating machine, 211 a first electric three-way valve, 212 a second electric three-way valve, 223 a third electric three-way valve and 224 a fourth electric three-way valve; 31 temperature controller, 32 computer; 40 gas chromatography; 50 gas pipe, 51 flow meter, 52 argon cylinder; 60 tail gas treatment device; 71 a first check valve, 72 a second check valve, 73 a third check valve, 74 a fourth check valve.
In addition, reference numerals 1 to 16 are specifically explained as follows: 7 and 8 are interfaces at two sides of a first circulating water machine, 1-3 are respectively three interfaces of a first electric three-way valve, 4-6 are three interfaces of a second electric three-way valve, 9 and 10 are interfaces at two sides of a second circulating water machine, 11-13 are three interfaces of a third electric three-way valve, and 14-16 are three interfaces of a fourth electric three-way valve.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a photo-thermal electricity-releasing catalytic reaction device which comprises a reactor 100, a circulating pipeline and a temperature monitoring device. Wherein the circulation line is used for adjusting the temperature of the solution in the reactor 100, and the temperature monitoring device is used for detecting the temperature change of the solution or the surface of the solution in the reactor 100. The circulation pipeline can adopt a water circulating machine to complete water circulation, the temperature monitoring device can comprise a temperature controller 31 and temperature measuring/monitoring components such as a computer 32 connected with the temperature monitoring device, and the temperature controller 31 can be a temperature detector.
The photothermal desorption electrocatalytic reaction device can complete the test of the temperature gradient changing along with time through the reactor 100, the light source (not shown), the circulating pipeline and the temperature monitoring device, and can be used for detecting the change curve of the solution in the reactor 100 along with the temperature and the change curve of a specific catalyst sample along with the temperature. The determination of the temperature variation curve of the specific catalyst sample can be completed by determining the surface temperature of the solution, when the catalyst floats on the surface of the solution, the temperature of the floating catalyst can be directly determined, and when the catalyst is powdery, the surface temperature of the solution can be determined.
Fig. 1 schematically shows the structure of a reactor 100 and a shield assembly 130 in a photothermal desorption electrocatalytic reaction device, and as shown in fig. 1, the lower portion of the reactor 100 is placed in a water cooling tank 110. The reactor 100 has an outwardly extending edge at the top, the quartz glass 120 is placed on the top of the reactor 100, and both ends are sealed by the sealing rings 140, and then the quartz glass 120 is clamped and fixed to the edge of the top of the reactor 100 by the clamp 150. In the present invention, a light source may be disposed above the reactor 100, and a shielding assembly 130 may be disposed between the light source and the reactor 100. As shown in fig. 1, the shielding assembly 130 may include: the baffle 1310 and the mechanical link 1320 connected to the baffle 1310 drive the baffle 1310 to move by controlling the mechanical link 1320, so as to control whether the light source irradiates the reactor 100, i.e. whether the catalytic reaction is performed under the illumination condition.
The invention provides a photothermal release electrocatalysis system, which comprises a gas chromatograph 40 and the photothermal release electrocatalysis reaction device, wherein the gas chromatograph 40 is respectively connected with the reactor 100 and a temperature monitoring device.
In the system of the present invention, the gas chromatograph 40 is connected to the computer 32 to measure the properties of the catalytic products in the reactor 100, such as the amount of the gas components and substances generated by the catalytic reaction. The system can realize that: the property of catalyzing a reaction without light but with a change in temperature with time, such as the property of catalyzing the decomposition of water; testing the catalytic performance under the action of photochemical and pyroelectric effects generated under the action of illumination; so long as the change in temperature of the solution in the reactor 100 and the surface area of the solution specific catalyst with time is measured by a temperature detector, such as a thermocouple or an infrared thermometer, in the temperature monitoring device.
FIG. 2 schematically shows the structure of a photothermal electrocatalytic system according to the invention. As shown in fig. 2, the circulation line may include a first circulation line and a second circulation line, which are respectively communicated with the water-cooling tank 110 to heat and cool water in the water-cooling tank 110, thereby adjusting the temperature of the solution in the reactor 100. Preferably, the first circulation line and the second circulation line circulate in opposite directions to enhance the temperature control effect, for example, the first circulation line (i.e., 21-211-71-100-72-212-21) may be used for heating, and the second circulation line (i.e., 22-224-73-100-74-223-22) may be used for cooling. The inlet and the outlet of the two circulation lines connected to the reactor 100 are provided with check valves, and specifically, the inlet and the outlet of the first circulation line connected to the reactor 100 are provided with a first check valve 71 and a second check valve 72, respectively, and the inlet and the outlet of the second circulation line connected to the reactor 100 are provided with a third check valve 73 and a fourth check valve 74, respectively.
The first circulation line may include therein: the water circulating machine comprises a first water circulating machine 21, a first electric three-way valve 211 and a second electric three-way valve 212 which are positioned at two sides of the first water circulating machine 21, and a first connecting pipe which is used for connecting the first electric three-way valve 211 and the second electric three-way valve 212. The first electric three-way valve 211, the first connecting pipe, the second electric three-way valve 212, and the first water circulator 21 may form a first self-circulation pipeline. The first circulation line or the first self-circulation line is switched on by controlling the first electric three-way valve 211 and the second electric three-way valve 212. Furthermore, the conduction of any two of the three pipelines is controlled by controlling the three-quarter spherical plug in the middle of the three-way valve through the relay.
The second circulation line may include therein: the second water circulating machine 22, a third electric three-way valve 223 and a fourth electric three-way valve 224 located at both sides of the second water circulating machine 22, and a second connection pipe connecting the third electric three-way valve 223 and the fourth electric three-way valve 224. Wherein, the third electric three-way valve 223, the second connection pipe, the fourth electric three-way valve 224 and the second water circulation machine 22 may form a self-circulation. The second circulation line or the second self-circulation line is switched on by controlling the third electric three-way valve 223 and the fourth electric three-way valve 224.
The temperature monitoring device is in communication with the reactor 100 for monitoring temperature changes within the reactor 100. The temperature monitoring device can comprise a first detector and a second detector, wherein the first detector is used for extending into the reactor 100 and placing the first detector in the solution to detect the temperature of the solution, the second detector is used for extending into the reactor 100 to detect the temperature of the solution/catalyst irradiated surface, and further, when the catalyst uses the foamy carbon floating on the surface, the temperature of the foamy carbon floating on the surface of the solution can be directly detected; when the catalyst is a non-floating catalyst, such as a powder, the surface temperature of the solution can be directly detected. The first detector and the second detector may be thermocouples, an infrared thermometer, and the temperature controller 31, for example, the first detector may be a first thermocouple, and the second detector may be a second thermocouple. It should be noted that the temperature monitoring device herein of the present invention includes a computer 32 connected to the detector for recording and plotting the temperature-time variation curve. It should be noted that the first detector and the second detector respectively detect the temperature in the solution and the temperature on the surface of the solution, and the two are different, especially the change rate of the temperature along with the time.
Further, the reactor 100 of the present invention is further connected with a gas pipe 50, and specifically, the gas pipe 50 extends from the sidewall of the reactor 100 to the bottom of the reactor 100. As shown in fig. 2, one end of the gas pipe 50 is connected to an argon gas cylinder 52, the other end is connected to the reactor 100, and a flow meter 51 is further disposed in the gas pipe 50 to monitor the gas flow.
In an alternative embodiment, the system of the present invention may further include a tail gas treatment device 60, wherein the tail gas treatment device 60 is communicated with an upper portion of the reactor 100 to treat tail gas generated in the reactor 100, so as to ensure smooth reaction in the reactor 100.
The photo-thermal electricity-releasing catalytic reaction device and the system of the invention adopt two circulating water machines for setting different temperatures so as to obtain the temperature gradient changing along with time, a digital display type temperature controller 31, an infrared thermometer and the like can be adopted in the temperature monitoring device to be connected with a computer 32, the detection data of the temperature controller 31 records the curve of the temperature along with time through the software of the computer 32, and the recording and drawing of the change curve of the solution and the specific catalyst in the reactor 100 along with the temperature can be completed. In the photothermal desorption electrocatalytic system of the present invention, the gas chromatograph 40 is connected to the computer 32 to measure the catalytic product performance in the reactor 100, such as the amount of the gas components and substances generated by the catalytic reaction, so as to complete the detection of the catalytic performance. The invention can realize the detection of the catalytic reaction performance, such as the performance of catalytic water decomposition, under the condition that the temperature changes with time without illumination, and can also test the catalytic performance detection under the action of photochemical and pyroelectric effects generated under the action of illumination, as long as the temperature changes of the solution in the reactor 100 and the specific catalyst with time are measured by a thermocouple or an infrared thermometer.
The invention provides an application of a photothermal-release electrocatalysis system in catalytic reaction performance measurement. Further, the application of the photothermal-desorption electrocatalysis system in the performance measurement of catalytic water decomposition. The method is applied to catalytic decomposition water, and can quickly and accurately complete the determination of the catalytic performance. For example, in the detection of photocatalytic hydrogen production performance, the temperature gradient of photothermal with time may be examined, and the catalytic performance of the catalyst under the combination of the temperature gradient of time with photochemical reaction and the like may be examined.
In an alternative embodiment, the application may include: in the absence of light, the temperature of the solution in the reactor 100 was adjusted by the first circulation line and the second circulation line, and the change in the temperature of the solution in the reactor 100 with time was detected by a temperature monitoring device.
In an optional embodiment, the applying may further include: under the condition of illumination, the temperature of the solution in the reactor 100 is kept constant through a first circulation pipeline and a second circulation pipeline; the position of the baffle 1310 above the reactor 100 is changed by controlling the movement of the shielding assembly 130, that is, the light source is controlled to irradiate the reactor 100 for a certain time, the temperature of the solution is detected by the temperature monitoring device along with the time, and the temperature of the catalyst-receiving light-irradiated surface of the solution is detected by the temperature monitoring device.
In an optional embodiment, the applying may further include: the product properties of the catalytic reaction are measured by gas chromatograph 40 in the absence of light and/or in the presence of light. For example, the amount of hydrogen produced by catalytically decomposing water is measured in the absence of light and/or under light.
The following description is made of the application process of the present invention with reference to specific application examples:
application example 1
As shown in fig. 2, the temperature change of the solution in the reactor 100 was tested by a two-cycle water machine for a certain number of cycles without light irradiation.
Wherein the temperature is measured by a first thermocouple extending from the n water nozzle into the reactor 100. The conduction of any two paths at the three-way valve is controlled by adopting a mode that a relay controls a three-quarter spherical plug in the middle of the three-way valve. Specifically, the first relay is used for controlling the conduction of any two paths at the first electric three-way valve 211 and the second electric three-way valve 212, and the second relay is used for controlling the conduction of any two paths at the third electric three-way valve 223 and the fourth electric three-way valve 224.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
1) the temperature of the first water circulating machine 21 is preheated to 50 ℃, and the temperature of the second water circulating machine 22 is preheated to 20 ℃.
2) And (3) sequentially opening the first relay and the second relay, wherein the working time difference of the two relays is 5 min.
Specifically, the first relay controls the first electric three-way valve 211 and the second electric three-way valve 212, the two paths of the interface 1 and the interface 3 at the first electric three-way valve 211 are conducted, and the two paths of the interface 4 and the interface 6 at the second electric three-way valve 212 are conducted, so that the circulating water at 50 ℃ passes through the 7-1-3-k-l-6-4. Meanwhile, in the period, the two paths of the interface 11 and the interface 13 at the third electric three-way valve 223 are conducted through the second relay, and the two paths of the interface 14 and the interface 16 at the fourth electric three-way valve 224 are conducted, namely, the water with the temperature of 20 ℃ in the second circulating water machine 22 flows through the 9-11-13-16-14-10 (in a self-circulation state, namely, a short-circuit state); that is, the water circulation machine 21 gradually heats the reactor 100 in the 5min period.
After 5min, the first relay is controlled to conduct the two paths of the interface 1 and the interface 2 at the first electric three-way valve 211, and conduct the two paths of the interface 4 and the interface 5 at the second electric three-way valve 212, at this time, the first circulating water machine 21 starts to self-circulate, namely, is in a short-circuit state, so that water in the first circulating water machine 21 does not flow through the reactor 100 any more. Meanwhile, the second relay is controlled to conduct the two paths of the interface 11 and the interface 12 at the position of the third electric three-way valve 223, and conduct the two paths of the interface 14 and the interface 15 at the position of the fourth electric three-way valve 224 (at this time, the interface 13 and the interface 16 are blocked by the spherical plugs), water in the second circulating water machine 22 flows through the reactor 100 from the opposite direction, so that the reactor 100 starts to be gradually cooled, and the flow path of the water at this time is as follows: 10-14-15-m-j-12-11.
3) Ten minutes is taken as a cycle, namely a mode of heating for 5 minutes and then cooling for 5 minutes, and the temperature T is detected by a first thermocouple which extends into the reactor 100 from an n water nozzle and is placed in the solution 1 And the temperature change of the solution in the reactor 100 was recorded by the computer 32, as shown in fig. 3, and as can be seen from fig. 3, the temperature T of the solution in the reactor 100 was measured by the first thermocouple by setting the temperature of the first circulating water machine 21 to 50 ℃ and the temperature of the second circulating water machine 22 to 20 ℃ in the absence of light irradiation 1 Change over time.
Application example 2
In the embodiment, foam carbon is used as a catalyst, the foam carbon floats on the surface of the solution, and the second detector can directly detect the temperature of the light irradiation surface of the foam carbon. The carbon foam floating on the surface of the solution can sufficiently absorb the heat of sunlight to generate a temperature gradient that fluctuates with time, but is not limited to this catalyst, and for example, a powder catalyst may be suspended in the entire solution, and the surface temperature of the solution may be detected.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
the carbon foam (not shown) floating on the surface of the solution, whose temperature T is the temperature of the carbon foam, is irradiated through the quartz glass 120 on the top of the reactor 100 using a xenon lamp light source (not shown) 2 The results of the second thermocouple inserted into the reactor 100 through the o-nozzle demonstrate that the reactor 100 designed according to the present invention can obtain the property of temperature change with time under the premise of utilizing light energy.
1) The temperature of the reactor 100 is controlled to be constant by the circulation line. Specifically, the first relay conducts the two paths of the interface 1 and the interface 3 of the first electric three-way valve 211, and conducts the two paths of the interface 2 and the interface 5 of the second electric three-way valve 212, that is, the interface 2 and the interface 5 are plugged by the spherical plugs, so that the first circulating water machine 21 is in a 20 ℃ running state. Meanwhile, the two paths of the interface 11 and the interface 13 of the third electric three-way valve 223 are conducted through the second relay, and the two paths of the interface 14 and the interface 16 of the fourth electric three-way valve 224 are conducted, namely, the interface 12 and the interface 15 are plugged by the spherical plugs, so that the second circulating water machine 22 is in a short-circuit state, namely, a self-circulation state. That is, the temperature of the reactor 100 is kept constant by the water circulation machine No. one during this process.
2) The mechanical linkage 1320 is controlled to move the baffle 1310 back and forth, for example, 5min to block the light source above the reactor 100, and the light source is isolated from the light source, and 5min is retracted to fully irradiate the reactor 100, wherein the emphasis is on the cycle of light irradiation and blocking.
3) The temperature T is detected by a second thermocouple passing through the o-nozzle of the reactor 100 2 Specifically, the temperature change of the surface of the carbon foam floating on the surface of the solution in the reactor 100 is detected and recorded by the computer 32, and the result is shown in FIG. 4, in which T is shown in FIG. 4 1 The change in temperature of the solution in the reactor 100 over time, measured by the first thermocouple under illumination, T 2 Is a foamy carbon joint detected by a second thermocouple after a piece of foamy carbon catalyst is put inThe temperature of the light-receiving surface changes with time.
Application example 3
On the basis of the first two application embodiments, the single-crystal cadmium sulfide nanowires are selected to detect the catalytic performance of photocatalytic water decomposition under the conditions of no light pyroelectricity, constant-temperature photocatalysis and photo-thermal pyroelectricity.
Fig. 5 schematically shows a comparison of the detection results in three cases. In fig. 5, the pyroelectricity refers to the performance of hydrogen production by catalytic decomposition of water under a single pure temperature gradient without illumination; the photocatalysis refers to the performance of photocatalytic water decomposition and hydrogen production under constant illumination and constant temperature of 20 ℃; photo-thermal pyroelectricity refers to the performance of photocatalytic water decomposition to produce hydrogen under the conditions of constant temperature, illumination and dark state circulation.
Pyroelectric: under the condition of no illumination, the hydrogen production performance for 1h is realized by controlling the heat preservation modes of 20 ℃ and 50 ℃ respectively for 5min by two circulating water machines corresponding to 50mg of cadmium sulfide nanowires. Specifically, the detection result is realized by short-circuiting one water circulating machine in a circulation period of 5min +5min by the electric three-way valve in the manner of application example 1 without light, and only flowing water of one water circulating machine passes through the reactor at a certain time.
And (3) photocatalysis: the hydrogen production performance is 1h under the illumination condition corresponding to the constant temperature of 20 ℃. The detection result is realized by adopting the mode in the application example 2, enabling one water circulating machine to be in a short-circuit self-circulation state all the time under the illumination condition, keeping the water temperature of the other water circulating machine constant and enabling the water in the other water circulating machine to flow through the reactor all the time.
Photo-pyroelectric: the illumination and dark state are circularly carried out through the shielding assembly 130, in the process, one water circulating machine does not work all the time, the other water circulating machine is in a short-circuit self-circulation state during illumination, and the water temperature is kept constant during dark state.
Specifically, the hydrogen production is circulated for 2 hours under the condition of illumination for 5min and water cooling for 5min in a dark state; that is, there is a 2h cycle of light and dark states in sequence, corresponding to a total of 1h light and 1h dark states. In the step of water cooling simultaneously in a dark state, after the light source is shielded by the shielding component 130, the whole device is in a lightless state, only one of the two circulating water machines works at the moment, the water supply is set to be 20 ℃, and water flows through the reactor to cool the reactor during shading; and when the light irradiates, the water circulating machine is in a self-circulation state by short circuit, the other water circulating machine does not work all the time, and the water in the other water circulating machine cannot flow.
As can be seen from fig. 5: the performance of the photothermal electrorelease catalysis hydrogen production is superior to that of the pyroelectric hydrogen production under the condition of no light. On one hand, the method embodies photothermal pyroelectric as a novel catalytic mode, has photochemical action and pyroelectric catalytic effect, and is a mode capable of making chemicals by utilizing photothermal fluctuation along with time; on the other hand, the invention also proves the function of the invention in testing the application of photothermal pyroelectric catalytic reaction such as catalytic hydrogen production. Therefore, the device and the system have great significance for detecting the photo-thermal electro-release catalytic performance.
The description of the present invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and is not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the invention in the form disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to practitioners skilled in this art. The embodiment was chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the invention for various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.
Claims (8)
1. A photothermal electrocatalytic system, comprising: a gas chromatograph and a light-heat electricity-releasing catalytic reaction device, the light-heat electricity-releasing catalytic reaction device comprising:
the lower part of the reactor is arranged in the water cooling tank, the upper part of the reactor is provided with quartz glass, and a light source and a shielding component are arranged above the reactor; the shielding assembly comprises a baffle and a mechanical connecting rod connected with the baffle, and is also used for obtaining intermittent illumination and enabling the illumination and a dark state to be sequentially carried out and circulated so as to obtain a temperature gradient changing along with time;
the circulating pipeline comprises a first circulating pipeline and a second circulating pipeline, is respectively communicated with the water cooling tank and is used for heating and cooling water in the water cooling tank so as to adjust the temperature of the solution in the reactor; the first circulation pipeline and the second circulation pipeline are respectively provided with an electric three-way valve for automatic switching, and the circulation pipelines are also used for sequentially heating, cooling and circulating through the first circulation pipeline and the second circulation pipeline so as to obtain a temperature gradient changing along with time;
the temperature monitoring device is communicated with the reactor and used for monitoring the temperature change in the reactor and comprises a first detector and a second detector, wherein the first detector extends into the reactor and is placed in the solution for detecting the temperature of the solution, and the second detector extends into the reactor for detecting the surface temperature of the solution;
and the gas chromatograph is respectively connected with the reactor and the temperature monitoring device.
2. The photothermal electrocatalytic system as set forth in claim 1,
the first circulation line includes: the water recycling system comprises a first water recycling machine, a first electric three-way valve, a second electric three-way valve and a first connecting pipe, wherein the first electric three-way valve and the second electric three-way valve are positioned on two sides of the first water recycling machine; the first connecting pipe is connected with the first electric three-way valve and the second electric three-way valve, and the first electric three-way valve, the first connecting pipe, the second electric three-way valve and the first circulating water machine form a first self-circulating pipeline;
the first circulation pipeline or the first self-circulation pipeline is communicated by controlling the first electric three-way valve and the second electric three-way valve.
3. The photothermal electrocatalytic system as set forth in claim 1,
the second circulation line includes: the water recycling machine comprises a water recycling machine II, a third electric three-way valve, a fourth electric three-way valve and a second connecting pipe, wherein the third electric three-way valve and the fourth electric three-way valve are positioned on two sides of the water recycling machine II; the second connecting pipe is connected with the third electric three-way valve and the fourth electric three-way valve, and the third electric three-way valve, the second connecting pipe, the fourth electric three-way valve and the second circulating water machine form a second self-circulating pipeline;
and the second circulation pipeline or the second self-circulation pipeline is communicated by controlling the third electric three-way valve and the fourth electric three-way valve.
4. The photothermal electrocatalytic system as set forth in claim 1,
the first circulating pipeline is provided with check valves at an inlet and an outlet which are connected with the reactor;
and check valves are arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the second circulating pipeline connected with the reactor.
5. The photothermal electrocatalytic system as set forth in claim 1,
the reactor is connected with a gas pipeline, and the gas pipeline extends into the bottom of the reactor from the side wall of the reactor;
the system also comprises a tail gas treatment device, and the tail gas treatment device is communicated with the reactor.
6. Use of a photothermal electrocatalytic system as defined in any one of claims 1-5 for the performance determination of a catalytic reaction.
7. Use of the photothermal electrocatalytic system of claim 6 in catalytic reaction performance determination, comprising:
the shading assembly is used for realizing the circulation of illumination and dark states, in the process, one of the two circulation pipelines does not work all the time, the other circulation pipeline is in a short-circuit self-circulation state when the illumination is performed, and is in a state of keeping the water temperature constant when the illumination is not performed; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
under the condition of no illumination, the temperature of the solution in the reactor is regulated through the other circulating pipeline, and the change of the temperature of the solution in the reactor along with the time is detected through a temperature monitoring device;
under the illumination condition, the movement of the shielding assembly is controlled, the irradiation time of a light source is controlled, the change of the temperature of the solution in the reactor along with the time is detected by a temperature monitoring device, and the change of the surface temperature of the solution is detected by the temperature monitoring device;
the product properties of the catalytic reaction were measured by gas chromatography in the absence of light and under light.
8. Use of the photothermal release electrocatalytic system as set forth in claim 7 in the performance measurement of catalytic reaction, wherein the catalytic reaction is a catalytic water splitting reaction; and the gas chromatograph detects the hydrogen production of the catalytic decomposition water.
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