CN113647512A

CN113647512A - Feed additive for necrotic enteritis of livestock and poultry, livestock and poultry feed and preparation method

Info

Publication number: CN113647512A
Application number: CN202110936904.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 林映才; 张罕星
Original assignee: Guangzhou Lijia Biotechnology Co ltd
Current assignee: Guangzhou Lijia Biotechnology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-08-16
Filing date: 2021-08-16
Publication date: 2021-11-16
Anticipated expiration: 2041-08-16
Also published as: CN113647512B

Abstract

The invention discloses a feed additive for necrotic enteritis of livestock and poultry, and provides new applications of muscadine grape pomace, round cardamom, costustoot, bagasse, lightyellow sophora root and inulin; animal feeding experiments prove that the feed additive disclosed by the invention can reduce the mortality rate of necrotic enteritis broiler chickens and intestinal lesions of necrotic enteritis, effectively improve necrotic enteritis of chickens, improve average daily feed intake and end body weight, reduce the content of dextran in serum of necrotic enteritis broiler chickens, increase the content of IGF-I, EGF in serum, promote the development of animal intestinal tracts, further promote the growth performance of animals, and has good popularization and application prospects in the aspects of promotion of the growth performance of necrotic enteritis broiler chickens and intestinal development.

Description

Feed additive for necrotic enteritis of livestock and poultry, livestock and poultry feed and preparation method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of improvement of necrotic enteritis of livestock and poultry, and particularly relates to a feed additive for necrotic enteritis of livestock and poultry and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Necrotic enteritis is estimated to cause economic losses of about $ 20 million per year, and has become a problem that plagues the broiler breeding industry worldwide and a major problem in the poultry industry.

Necrotic enteritis is caused by toxins produced by clostridium perfringens type a or C, has obvious difference in clinical manifestations from reduced productivity to sudden death and high mortality, is mainly characterized by severe dyspepsia and growth and development stagnation, and commonly occurs at 2-6 weeks of age. The early symptoms of necrotic enteritis are often moist bedding and diarrhea of chickens, and infected chickens often have depressed spirit, are reluctant to walk, feather stands up, close eyes and sleepiness, discharge black and gray stool, and sometimes are mixed with blood. A reduction in growth rate and feed conversion is generally seen later due to the destruction of the gut, which causes a reduction in digestion and absorption of food. The histopathological examination shows that the macroscopic change is mainly limited to the small intestine, particularly the jejunum and the ileum, and partial cecum can also be seen as lesion; the intestinal wall is fragile, the expansion is full of gas, the intestinal mucosa is attached with a loose or compact pseudomembrane, and the appearance of the pseudomembrane is yellow or green; bleeding spots can be seen in the serosal layer of the intestinal wall, and some capillaries are ruptured to form a blood halo. Mucosal hemorrhage reaches deep to the muscular layer, diffuse bleeding occurs occasionally and severe necrosis occurs.

The traditional prevention and treatment method is to add antibiotics into drinking water or feed for prevention and treatment. However, the excessive dependence on antibiotics can lead to the increase of drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria, the disturbance of intestinal flora of chickens and other negative effects, which can reduce the production performance of chickens, and meanwhile, the residual antibiotics can cause adverse effects on consumers and the environment. The vaccine may also prevent and treat NE caused by clostridium perfringens and coccidia. Vaccines for clostridium perfringens mainly comprise toxoid vaccines and genetically engineered vaccines (such as polypeptide vaccines, subunit vaccines, nucleic acid vaccines, live vector vaccines, gene deletion vaccines and the like), and the toxoid vaccines are applied more, but have the defects of high immunization cost, safety, residual toxicity, efficiency and the like. In addition to ensuring the quality of the vaccine, the use of the vaccine should pay attention to the inoculation dose of each chicken, namely the immune uniformity. Meanwhile, strong-toxicity seedlings are not easy to remove after being introduced into a new field, and weak-toxicity seedlings are gradually strengthened in the henhouse environment, so that potential safety hazards are large.

The feed with comprehensive nutrition and reasonable proportion is necessary for ensuring the healthy growth, development and production of the chickens. Nutritional imbalance is an important factor in the development and progression of necrotic enteritis, particularly in high protein, high energy feeds. High protein results in an increased number of clostridium perfringens in the gut. Wherein the feed mainly used for feeding corn can reduce the incidence rate of necrotic enteritis, and the feed mainly used for feeding wheat, barley, oat and rye can increase the incidence rate of necrotic enteritis. Meanwhile, in addition to the use of antibiotics and vaccines, various other methods have been tried to control necrotic enteritis. If microorganism, namely probiotics, oligosaccharide, organic acid, various feed enzymes, hen egg yolk antibody, Chinese herbal medicine, plant essential oil and the like which are directly fed are added into the feed. These methods all have different degrees of effectiveness, and among them, the research of Chinese herbal medicines and plant essential oils is very much concerned. For example, cortex Magnolia officinalis extract (0.33 or 0.56mg/kg) can increase feed intake, body weight gain and average body weight of NE infected broiler chicken, significantly reduce feed conversion rate and feed conversion rate, and improve antioxidant gene expression of gallbladder, intestine, liver and pectoralis muscle. Compared with NE control group, the feed is added with 1% or 3% of Gentiana latifolia powder (containing flavonoids and phenols) to remarkably increase the weight gain of broiler chickens and reduce the coccidiosis amount. In addition, the addition of beta-complexon oxide to the daily ration can obviously increase the average weight (74d) of NE infected broiler chickens and obviously reduce the colonization amount of the perfringen shuttles. The results of the above studies demonstrate that plant extracts (or plant-derived additives) have a positive effect on controlling poultry NE.

Poultry gut health is an important guarantee that poultry maintain high survival rates and produce quality products. The poultry intestine is the most important digestive organ and the largest immune organ of poultry. The growth and development conditions of the intestinal tract are usually evaluated by using the indexes of the intestinal tract shape, the villus height, the crypt depth, the ratio of the villus height to the crypt depth, intestinal tract cells and the like. The intestinal villus is increased in height, so that the absorption area of the small intestine is increased, and nutrient substances are fully absorbed and utilized; the depth of the crypts reflects the proliferation rate and the maturity of intestinal mucosa cells, and the depth of the crypts becomes shallow, which shows that the proliferation rate of the intestinal epithelial cells is accelerated and the absorption function is enhanced; the ratio of the height of villus to the depth of crypt can comprehensively reflect the function of intestinal tract, and the ratio is reduced, which indicates that the digestion and absorption functions are reduced. The growth and intestinal development of poultry are regulated by a variety of hormones, wherein the hormone index IGF-I (insulin-like growth factor 1) is an important regulatory substance involved in regulating growth and energy metabolism, so that IGF-I can promote the development of the body and is beneficial to the functional development of various parts of the body. The epidermal growth factor is a heat-resistant and acid-resistant polypeptide, regulates the maturation and differentiation of mucosal epithelial cells together with an epidermal growth factor EGF receptor, and can obviously improve the completeness of the intestinal tract, heal the damaged mucosa of the intestinal tract and regenerate the intestinal epithelial cells. Meanwhile, dextran in serum is an important index of intestinal permeability. For example, arginine can alleviate intestinal mucosal injury in broilers caused by necrotic enteritis by promoting innate immune response and maintaining intestinal barrier function, and reduce colonization by clostridium perfringens. The addition of the divercin AS7 in the daily ration relieves the necrotic enteritis of the broiler chicken caused by clostridium perfringens challenge through improving the production performance, improving the apparent metabolic energy of the daily ration and protecting the intestinal villus form. The amentoflavone can effectively relieve pathological injuries of intestinal flatulence, intestinal wall bleeding and the like caused by necrotic enteritis of clostridium perfringens, and can reduce the relative abundance of firmicutes, clostridia and clostridia in intestinal tracts.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the background that the necrotic enteritis of livestock and poultry causes large production and economic losses to the breeding industry at present, the invention firstly proposes that the components of the muscadine grape pomace, the cardamom, the costustoot, the bagasse, the sophora flavescens and the inulin are used as feed additives for improving the production loss caused by the necrotic enteritis diseases of the livestock and poultry, determines the optimal addition amount of the feed additives of the components of the muscadine grape pomace, the cardamom, the costustoot, the bagasse, the sophora flavescens and the inulin in the feed, and provides research data and theoretical support for preparing the feed for promoting the livestock and poultry to improve the necrotic enteritis. Therefore, the invention provides the feed additive, the livestock feed and the preparation method, wherein the feed additive can improve IGF-I in poultry serum, reduce the content of dextran, promote the differentiation performance of epithelial cells of intestinal mucosa and improve the intestinal permeability of poultry.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a feed additive for livestock and poultry necrotic enteritis, which comprises one or more of muscadine grape pomace, cardamom, costustoot, bagasse, sophora flavescens and inulin.

Preferably, the feed additive is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-8 parts of muscadine grape pomace, 1-2 parts of cardamom, 1-4 parts of costustoot, 3-7 parts of bagasse, 1-3 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis and 1-3 parts of inulin.

Preferably, the feed additive is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6 parts of muscadine grape pomace, 1.5 parts of cardamom, 1.5 parts of costustoot, 4 parts of bagasse, 0.5 part of radix sophorae flavescentis and 2 parts of inulin.

Preferably, the feed additive is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 parts of muscadine grape pomace, 1.5 parts of cardamom, 2 parts of costustoot, 6 parts of bagasse, 0.5 part of radix sophorae flavescentis and 2 parts of inulin.

The invention also provides a livestock feed, which comprises the following components: feed additive, corn, peanut meal, fish meal, soybean oil, stone powder, calcium hydrophosphate, L-lysine hydrochloride, DL-methionine, isoleucine, valine, threonine, zeolite powder, premix and sodium chloride.

Preferably, the additive amount of the feed additive added into the livestock and poultry feed is 0.05-10%.

Preferably, the livestock and poultry feed comprises the following components in percentage by weight except for feed additives: 65.4 percent of corn, 25.2 percent of peanut meal, 1.9 percent of fish meal, 2 percent of soybean oil, 1.3 percent of stone powder, 1.45 percent of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.57 percent of L-lysine hydrochloride, 0.19 percent of DL-methionine, 0.16 percent of isoleucine, 0.14 percent of valine, 0.075 percent of threonine, 0.365 percent of zeolite powder, 1 percent of premix and 0.25 percent of sodium chloride.

More preferably, the premix provides a premix for each kilogram of feed, the premix provided for each kilogram of ration comprising the following components: VA 15000IU, VD₃ 3000IU、VE 10IU、VK 6mg、VB₁ 3mg、VB₂ 9mg、VB₆ 6mg、VB₁₂0.03mg, nicotinic acid 60mg, D-calcium pantothenate 18mg, folic acid 1.5mg, biotin 0.06mg, choline 1200mg, Fe 80mg, Cu 6.4mg, Mn 96mg, Zn 80mg, I0.56 mg, Se 0.24 mg.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the feed additive for livestock and poultry necrotic enteritis, which comprises the following steps:

1) weighing the raw materials according to the parts by weight;

2) sequentially crushing the muscadine grape pomace, the cardamom, the costustoot, the bagasse, the radix sophorae flavescentis and the inulin weighed in the step 1), and uniformly mixing the crushed materials;

3) and screening the mixed powder through a 80-mesh screen to obtain the feed additive for livestock and poultry necrotic enteritis.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the invention uses natural plant extracts to scientifically mix the muscadine dregs, the cardamom, the costustoot, the bagasse, the sophora flavescens and the inulin, has the function of obviously improving necrotic enteritis injury of livestock and poultry, does not generate drug resistance, can also promote the development and growth performance of chicken intestinal tracts, and is a green pollution-free additive.

(2) The plant extracts are scientifically combined, the component of the plant extracts enhances the improvement effect on necrotic enteritis, and the addition amount of a single plant is greatly reduced; meanwhile, the adoption of the plant extract component can reduce the use of antibiotics in the breeding process, improve the health condition of the chicken and save the economic cost, thereby promoting the healthy breeding technology.

(3) The components of the muscadine grape pomace, the cardamom, the costustoot, the bagasse, the sophora flavescens and the inulin are used as nutrition regulating substances, have small addition amount, can be directly added into animal feed, food or medicines, have high physiological activity, are safe and effective, and cannot cause toxic or side effect.

Detailed Description

To better illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further illustrated by the following examples. It is to be understood that the following examples are only a few, but not all, of the present invention; it should be understood that the embodiments of the present invention are only for illustrating the technical effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

The embodiment of the invention provides a feed additive for necrotic enteritis of livestock and poultry, which comprises one or more of muscadine pomace, round cardamom, costustoot, bagasse, radix sophorae flavescentis and inulin.

The feed additive is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-8 parts of muscadine grape pomace, 1-2 parts of cardamom, 1-4 parts of costustoot, 3-7 parts of bagasse, 1-3 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis and 1-3 parts of inulin.

The embodiment of the invention provides a livestock feed, which comprises the following components: feed additive, corn, peanut meal, fish meal, soybean oil, stone powder, calcium hydrophosphate, L-lysine hydrochloride, DL-methionine, isoleucine, valine, threonine, zeolite powder, premix and sodium chloride.

The livestock and poultry feed comprises the following components in percentage by weight except feed additives: 65.4 percent of corn, 25.2 percent of peanut meal, 1.9 percent of fish meal, 2 percent of soybean oil, 1.3 percent of stone powder, 1.45 percent of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.57 percent of L-lysine hydrochloride, 0.19 percent of DL-methionine, 0.16 percent of isoleucine, 0.14 percent of valine, 0.075 percent of threonine, 0.365 percent of zeolite powder, 1 percent of premix and 0.25 percent of sodium chloride.

1) weighing the raw materials according to the parts by weight;

Example 1:

the feed additive for livestock and poultry necrotic enteritis is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6 parts of muscadine grape pomace, 1.5 parts of cardamom, 1.5 parts of costustoot, 4 parts of bagasse, 0.5 part of radix sophorae flavescentis and 2 parts of inulin.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the feed additive accounts for 10% of the total weight of the livestock feed.

Example 2:

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the feed additive accounts for 5% of the total weight of the livestock feed.

Example 3:

the feed additive for livestock and poultry necrotic enteritis is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2 parts of muscadine grape pomace, 1 part of cardamom, 1 part of costustoot, 4 parts of bagasse, 0.5 part of radix sophorae flavescentis and 1 part of inulin.

Example 4:

the feed additive for livestock and poultry necrotic enteritis is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 parts of muscadine grape pomace, 1.5 parts of cardamom, 2 parts of costustoot, 6 parts of bagasse, 0.5 part of radix sophorae flavescentis and 2 parts of inulin.

Example 5:

the feed additive for livestock and poultry necrotic enteritis is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 parts of muscadine grape pomace, 1.5 parts of cardamom, 2 parts of costustoot, 6 parts of bagasse, 2 parts of sophora flavescens and 2 parts of inulin.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the feed additive accounts for 0.5% of the total weight of the livestock feed.

Firstly, feeding verification of influence on growth performance of necrotic enteritis broiler chicken:

1. the test selects 840 healthy female yellow-feathered broilers of 1 day old, and the broilers are averagely divided into 7 groups according to the principle that the weight difference is not significant, each group has 4 repetitions, and each repetition has 30 repetitions, and the broilers are raised on the ground in cages. One of the groups was a negative control group, fed basal diet + uninfected clostridium perfringens group; a second group of positive control group, which is fed with basal diet + clostridium perfringens infection group; the other groups are test groups for feeding the livestock and poultry feed added with the feed additive in the embodiment 1-5 of the invention, and respectively correspond to the following groups: in the groups I, II, III, IV and V, drinking water is freely taken in the test period, the food intake is recorded every day, and the test period is 24 days.

2. Establishment of necrotic enteritis model, namely, a suspension (10) is prepared after recovery culture of clostridium perfringens standard strain ATCC1⁹CFU/mL), the chicks were drenched with 1mL of clostridium perfringens suspension for 2 consecutive days (14 to 15 days old) and the negative control group was drenched with 1mL of PBS. The chickens in each group were observed daily for clinical changes and mortality. When the experiment ended, 6 chickens of each repetition of every group were sacrificed, and the jugular vein blood sampling is prepared the serum for subsequent use, slaughters simultaneously and stays and gets chick ileum appearance for subsequent use to carefully observe small intestine and pathological change, according to the severity score of necrotic enteritis, intestinal injury score adopts 0 ~ 6 to divide and makes: 0 point (no obvious damage), 1 point (thinning and embrittlement of the intestinal wall), 2 points (1-5 necrotic foci appear), 3 points (6-15 necrotic foci appear), 4 points (16 or more necrotic foci appear), 5 points (2-3 cm long flaky necrosis appears), and 6 points (diffuse necrosis appears in large pieces).

The data results of the two tests are shown below:

TABLE 1

Note: the same letter in the same row without letters or data shoulder marks indicates that the difference is not significant (P is more than 0.05), different lower case letters indicate that the difference is significant (P is less than 0.05), and different upper case letters indicate that the difference is extremely significant (P is more than 0.01). The following table is the same.

As can be seen from table 1, group ii, group iv and group v significantly increased the average body weight gain, average feed intake and end body weight of necrotic enteritis (P <0.05) compared to the negative control group; compared with a positive control group, the group II, the group III, the group IV and the group V can obviously improve the average body weight gain, the average feed intake and the final body weight (P is less than 0.05) of the necrotic enteritis broiler; significantly reduced necrotic enteritis lesion score and reduced mortality. The feed additive prepared by the invention is added into the livestock and poultry feed, so that the growth promoting effect on chicks is achieved, and the necrotic enteritis of the chicks can be effectively improved.

Second, testing and verifying influence on intestinal development of broiler chickens suffering from necrotic enteritis

Villus length and crypt depth measurements

1. Fixing the sample:

after the feeding test is finished, the killed chicks take the duodenum, jejunum and ileum sections of the control group and the test group and put into 10 percent neutral formaldehyde solution for fixation for about 48 hours.

2. Embedding and staining of the samples:

the specimen is soaked in proper clear water and washed by running water for 12 hours.

(1) Dehydrating and transparent:

dehydrating and transparent at room temperature. The dehydration process proceeds from low concentration ethanol to high concentration ethanol step by step. The specimen can be temporarily stored in 70% ethanol, so that the specimen can be dehydrated and can be continuously fixed.

At the beginning of the preparation, the specimen was immersed in 80% ethanol overnight for 2 hours in each case and then in 100% ethanol for 1.5 hours in each case in a volume fraction of 95% ethanol I and II. Xylene (absolute ethanol: xylene 1:1) I, II are transparent for 2 times, each 40 min. And the transparency degree is observed by naked eyes in the transparent process, so that insufficient or excessive transparency is avoided.

(2) Wax dipping and embedding of the sample:

firstly, the specimen is sequentially immersed in soft wax I at 50-52 ℃ for 2h and hard wax II at 56-58 ℃ for 1 h.

② embedding wax, the melting point is 58-60 ℃, and 10-20% beeswax can be added for embedding.

Correcting a paraffin block before slicing, placing the specimen on ice to cool a section of the paraffin block, cutting a paraffin sheet with the thickness of 5-10 mu m, and conventionally baking the sheet.

(3) Staining (hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining):

dewaxing by dimethylbenzene I and dimethylbenzene II for 10min respectively, rehydrating absolute ethyl alcohol and 95% ethyl alcohol to 70% ethyl alcohol step by step, carrying out hematoxylin dyeing (shin bone 3min and thighbone 2.5min) after each step of 2min of distilled water is added, carrying out color separation for 10s by 1% hydrochloric acid alcohol (prepared by 70% ethyl alcohol), washing with running water for 20min, dyeing with eosin for 5min, dehydrating by 70% ethyl alcohol, 85% ethyl alcohol and 95% ethyl alcohol I and II at each step of 2min, carrying out transparency in the dimethylbenzene I and II for 5min respectively, and sealing by neutral gum.

3. Measuring the villus height and crypt depth of the killed chicks, taking ileum samples to perform tissue fixation, conventionally preparing paraffin sections of tissues of the intestinal sections, staining by hematoxylin-eosin, observing the tissue sections by an optical microscope, selecting five visual fields to take pictures under a 20-time objective lens, carrying out morphological statistics on the intestinal sections by using Image-Pro Plus, and carrying out the following test data results:

TABLE 2

As can be seen from Table 2, groups II, IV and V significantly increased the ratio of villi to crypt in duodenum and jejunum of necrotic enteritis broilers (P <0.05) compared to the control group. The animal feed added with the feed additive prepared by the invention has certain influence on the intestinal development of the broilers.

Third, testing and verifying the influence on the biochemical indexes of necrotic enteritis broiler serum

Determination of gut development-related hormones and biochemical indicators in serum:

determination of IGF-I and epidermal growth factor EGF in serum dextran:

the detection is carried out by adopting Nanjing as a biological engineering research and an Elisa kit produced by Shanghai enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The standard concentration was diluted in 5 gradients in equal proportion with reference to the instructions to prepare a standard curve. On an enzyme label plate, 50 mu L of diluted standard substance is added into each hole of a standard substance hole, 50 mu L of standard substance/sample diluent is added into a zero hole, and then 50 mu L of biotin antigen is added; adding 50 mu L of sample into the sample hole, and then adding 50 mu L of avidin-HRP original; gently shake, cover with a sealing membrane, incubate at 37 ℃ for 30 min. Washing the plate, adding 50 μ L antibody, covering with a sealing plate membrane, and incubating in an incubator at 37 deg.C for 30 min; washing the plate for the second time; 50. mu.L of developer A was added to each well, and 50. mu.L of developer B was added thereto. Shaking up with gentle shaking, and developing in dark at 37 deg.C for 10 min; adding 50 mu L of stop solution into each hole; wavelength of 450nm, colorimetric by a microplate reader, concentration of each hole, and test data results are shown in the following table.

Item Items

Negative control group

Positive control group

Group I

Group II

Group III

Group IV

Group V

IGF-1/(ng/mL)

65.53±2.06^a

42.24±2.09^b

67.31±3.47^a

78.41±7.59^c

68.47±3.21^a

79.35±4.80^c

70.48±2.13^a

EGF/(ng/mL)

46.23±1.66^a

38.38±1.53^b

45.21±3.14^a

47.06±2.05^a

48.31±2.14^a

44.26±1.00^a

41.31±2.56^a

Dextran (mu g/mL)

200.21±10.12^a

403.49±7.81^b

210.31±4.13^a

201.48±3.14^a

208.31±2.45^a

205.98±3.19^a

198.31±2.13^a

TABLE 3

As shown in Table 3, the group II and group IV were significantly increased compared to the negative control group to significantly increase the content of IGF-1 and EGF in serum (P <0.05), and there was no significant difference between EGF and dextran in serum (P > 0.05). Compared with a positive control group, the content of IGF-1 and EGF in serum can be obviously reduced, and the content of dextran in the serum is reduced (P < 0.05). The livestock and poultry feed added with the feed additive prepared by the invention can promote the development of necrotic enteritis broiler intestinal tracts and reduce intestinal injury.

The grape pomace powder is a byproduct obtained after extraction and processing of grape skin, seed, stem and the like, is rich in beneficial components such as phenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins, catechins and the like, also contains high-antioxidant substances such as resveratrol, luteolin, quercetin, kaempferol and the like, and has the effects of resisting oxidation, bacteria and tumors. Researches show that the addition of a proper amount of grape pomace in daily ration of broiler chickens can obviously reduce the oxidation of broiler chickens lipid and increase the quantity of ileum beneficial flora. The bacteriostatic effect result shows that the polyphenol extract in the grape skin residue has obvious bacteriostatic action on staphylococcus aureus, shigella, listeria monocytogenes, clostridium, salmonella and escherichia coli, and the inhibitory action is enhanced along with the increase of the mass concentration of the polyphenol substance, wherein the inhibitory effect on the staphylococcus aureus and the salmonella is the best. The addition of the costus root or the costus root extract into the daily ration of the chicks can obviously reduce the count of coliform bacteria and clostridium in intestinal tracts of the chicks, increase the number of beneficial bacteria lactobacillus and influence the condition of the intestinal flora of the livestock.

Sugarcane or sugarcane extract both have immune enhancing properties, and their administration in chickens enhances protective immunity against coccidiosis; the sugarcane juice and bagasse extract can obviously reduce the Eimeria oocyst shedding in chicken manure and the chicken mortality. The sophora flavescens plays a certain role in promoting the growth performance of the chicks and can reduce the hemorrhagic diarrhea degree of the chicks. The kuh-seng has obvious inhibition effect on invasive microorganism populations such as escherichia coli, proteus mirabilis and the like, has immune inhibition effect on intestinal epithelial cells IL-1 beta and IL-17, and plays a key role in acute inflammation regulation/proinflammatory induction. Meanwhile, kuh-seng may play a positive role as an auxiliary traditional Chinese medicine (used for treating secondary symptoms or attenuated in small dose) in the traditional Chinese medicine formula. The cardamom contains volatile oil, flavone, flavonoid glycoside, diphenyl heptane, polysaccharide, amino acid and other compounds. Modern pharmacological studies indicate that cardamoms have the effects of resisting inflammation, protecting gastric mucosa and promoting gastrointestinal motility. The cardamom volatile oil and the water decoction have different degrees of improving effects on the infiltration of gastric histiitis cells, the reduction or destruction of glands, and congestion and edema of mucous membranes of rats.

The beta chain present in the inulin structure is not readily digested or hydrolyzed by human saliva and other intestinal and pancreatic digestive enzymes of the gastrointestinal tract. Inulin has been used in some studies to develop solid dispersions of hydrophobic drugs, which can improve the water solubility of hydrophobic drugs. And the inulin is kept stable under the acid pH value, can directly reach the rear section of the intestinal tract for selective fermentation and metabolism of escherichia coli in colon intestinal microflora, increases the concentration of volatile fatty acid, and reduces the intestinal tract pH value, thereby inhibiting the growth of harmful microorganisms, reducing the incidence of diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms of the intestinal tract, promoting the digestion rate and the production performance of calcium of animals to a certain extent, and possibly having a certain positive effect on the improvement of necrotic enteritis of livestock and poultry.

The embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and they are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A feed additive for livestock and poultry necrotic enteritis is characterized in that: the feed additive comprises one or more of muscadine grape residue, fructus Amomi rotundus, radix aucklandiae, bagasse, radix Sophorae Flavescentis and inulin.

2. The feed additive for livestock and poultry necrotic enteritis according to claim 1, wherein the feed additive is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-8 parts of muscadine grape pomace, 1-2 parts of cardamom, 1-4 parts of costustoot, 3-7 parts of bagasse, 1-3 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis and 1-3 parts of inulin.

3. The feed additive for livestock and poultry necrotic enteritis according to claim 2, wherein the feed additive is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6 parts of muscadine grape pomace, 1.5 parts of cardamom, 1.5 parts of costustoot, 4 parts of bagasse, 0.5 part of radix sophorae flavescentis and 2 parts of inulin.

4. The feed additive for livestock and poultry necrotic enteritis according to claim 2, wherein the feed additive is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 parts of muscadine grape pomace, 1.5 parts of cardamom, 2 parts of costustoot, 6 parts of bagasse, 0.5 part of radix sophorae flavescentis and 2 parts of inulin.

5. A livestock feed comprising the composition of claim 1, wherein said livestock feed comprises: feed additive, corn, peanut meal, fish meal, soybean oil, stone powder, calcium hydrophosphate, L-lysine hydrochloride, DL-methionine, isoleucine, valine, threonine, zeolite powder, premix and sodium chloride.

6. The livestock feed for the necrotic enteritis of livestock and poultry according to claim 5, wherein: in the livestock and poultry feed, the additive amount of the feed additive is 0.05-10%.

7. The preparation method of the feed additive for livestock and poultry necrotic enteritis according to claims 1-4, characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) weighing the raw materials according to the parts by weight;

8. The preparation method of the feed additive for livestock and poultry necrotic enteritis according to claim 7, characterized by comprising the following steps: the feed additive is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-8 parts of muscadine grape pomace, 1-2 parts of cardamom, 1-4 parts of costustoot, 3-7 parts of bagasse, 1-3 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis and 1-3 parts of inulin.