CN113642202A - Variable thickness thin plate - Google Patents
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- CN113642202A CN113642202A CN202110732315.5A CN202110732315A CN113642202A CN 113642202 A CN113642202 A CN 113642202A CN 202110732315 A CN202110732315 A CN 202110732315A CN 113642202 A CN113642202 A CN 113642202A
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- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
- G06F30/23—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using finite element methods [FEM] or finite difference methods [FDM]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
- G06F30/17—Mechanical parametric or variational design
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a variable-thickness thin plate, which is characterized in that a plurality of plate areas are arranged and are sequentially distributed in a surrounding manner from the geometric center to the edge of the variable-thickness thin plate, the geometric center of each plate area is the geometric center of the variable-thickness thin plate, and the ratio of the thickness of each plate area to the side length of the variable-thickness thin plate is smaller than a preset threshold value; and the thicknesses of two adjacent plate areas are different, so that the inherent frequency of the thin plate can be effectively improved, the resonance condition is reduced, the material utilization rate is improved, and the weight of the thin plate is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of thin plate structures, in particular to a variable-thickness thin plate.
Background
The thin plate structure is a common basic structure and widely applied to mechanical engineering, and common thin plates can be divided into equal-thickness thin plates and variable-thickness thin plates.
At present, the thin plate is widely applied in the mechanical field, for example, in vehicle engineering, because the thickness of the thin plate structure is much smaller than the length and the width, the natural frequency of the thin plate is generally in a low level, resonance is easy to occur, and a series of problems such as Noise, Vibration and Harshness (NVH) problem and sudden reduction of the service life of parts are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides the variable-thickness thin plate, and solves the technical problems that the thin plate in the related technology is low in natural frequency and easy to resonate.
The present invention provides, by an embodiment of the present invention, a variable thickness sheet including: the variable-thickness thin plate comprises a plurality of plate areas, a plurality of connecting plates and a plurality of connecting plates, wherein the plate areas are sequentially distributed from the geometric center to the edge of the variable-thickness thin plate in a surrounding manner, the geometric center of each plate area is the geometric center of the variable-thickness thin plate, and the ratio of the thickness of each plate area to the side length of the variable-thickness thin plate is smaller than a preset threshold value; and the thicknesses of two adjacent plate regions are different.
Preferably, each plate region is shaped in an axisymmetric pattern.
Preferably, each plate section is annular.
Preferably, the variable thickness thin plate comprises three plate areas, namely a first plate area, a second plate area and a third plate area in sequence from the geometric center to the edge of the variable thickness thin plate.
Preferably, the thickness of the first plate region is equal to the thickness of the third plate region.
Preferably, the thickness of the second plate region is greater than the thickness of the first plate region.
Preferably, the first plate region includes: a central region; twelve rectangular outwardly protruding regions circumscribing the central region.
Preferably, the length of the rectangular protruding region is twice as long as the width; the side length of the central region is twice as long as that of the rectangular protruding region.
Preferably, the central region is a square, and each side of the square is externally connected with three rectangular protruding regions, wherein a first rectangular protruding region, a second rectangular protruding region and a third rectangular protruding region of the three rectangular protruding regions are sequentially arranged from one end to the other end of the square.
Preferably, the first and third rectangular outward protruding regions protrude with respect to the second rectangular outward protruding region to form a symmetrical structure with respect to the second rectangular outward protruding region.
One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:
the thickness-variable thin plate provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises: the plurality of plate areas are sequentially distributed in a surrounding manner from the geometric center to the edge of the variable-thickness thin plate, the geometric center of each plate area is the geometric center of the variable-thickness thin plate, and the ratio of the thickness of each plate area to the side length of the variable-thickness thin plate is smaller than a preset threshold value; and the thicknesses of two adjacent plate areas are different, so that the inherent frequency of the thin plate can be effectively improved, the resonance condition is reduced, the material utilization rate is improved, and the weight of the thin plate is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a structure of a thin plate of variable thickness in one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a thin plate of variable thickness according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the partition of the board in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the variable thickness sheet of FIG. 2 in cross-section;
FIG. 5a is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A of a variable thickness sheet in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5B is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B of a variable thickness sheet in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5C is a schematic cross-sectional view of a variable thickness sheet taken along the line C-C in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention provides the variable-thickness thin plate, and solves the technical problems that the thin plate in the related technology is low in natural frequency and easy to resonate.
In order to solve the technical problems, the embodiment of the invention provides the following general ideas:
the method comprises the steps that a plurality of plate areas are arranged and are sequentially distributed along the geometric center of a variable-thickness thin plate to the edge in a surrounding mode, the geometric center of each plate area is the geometric center of the variable-thickness thin plate, and the ratio of the thickness of each plate area to the side length of the variable-thickness thin plate is smaller than a preset threshold value; and the thicknesses of two adjacent plate regions are different. The natural frequency of the thin plate can be effectively improved, the resonance condition is reduced, the material utilization rate is improved, and the weight of the thin plate is reduced.
In order to better understand the technical solution, the technical solution will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.
The invention provides a variable-thickness thin plate which can be applied to parts such as an automobile engine hood, a power battery protective shell, an automobile door and the like. Of course, it can also be applied to a bicycle frame, a motor protective case, etc.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, a thickness-variable sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: the plurality of plate areas are sequentially distributed in a surrounding manner from the geometric center to the edge of the variable-thickness thin plate, the geometric center of each plate area is the geometric center of the variable-thickness thin plate, and the ratio of the thickness of each plate area to the side length of the variable-thickness thin plate is smaller than a preset threshold value; and the thicknesses of two adjacent plate regions are different.
It should be noted that the number of the plate areas may be set according to actual design requirements, and the larger the number of the divided plate areas is, the better the vibration characteristics of the variable thickness plate is. The preset threshold value can be determined according to a sheet vibration analysis theory, and can be set to be a numerical value within the range of 0.008-0.012. For example, the preset threshold may be 0.008, 0.01, or 0.012.
As an alternative embodiment, the variable-thickness sheet may include three plate regions, a first plate region, a second plate region, and a third plate region in that order along the geometric center toward the edge of the variable-thickness sheet.
Specifically, the thickness of the first plate region is equal to the thickness of the third plate region, and the thickness of the second plate region is greater than the thickness of the first plate region.
The thicknesses of the first plate area, the second plate area and the third plate area can be set according to the design requirement of the variable-thickness thin plate, and the thickness ranges of the first plate area and the second plate area can be 0.8-1 mm. For example, the thickness of the first plate region may be 1mm, and the thickness of the second plate region may be 1 mm; the thickness of the second plate region may range from 1mm to 2mm, for example, the thickness of the second plate region may be 2 mm.
In order to make the structure of the variable thickness thin plate more stable and more convenient in the process of processing the variable thickness thin plate, in addition, considering that most of thin plate members applied to mechanical engineering are also symmetrical, the shape of each plate area can be set to be an axisymmetric pattern to improve the mechanical properties of the variable thickness thin plate, and the improved mechanical properties can include fatigue strength, ductility and the like.
In the specific implementation process, the variable-thickness thin plate shown in fig. 1 may be referred to, where the first plate region of the variable-thickness thin plate is circular, and the second plate region and the third plate region are both circular rings, and similarly, the first plate region may also be square, and the second plate region and the third plate region are both square frames.
As an alternative embodiment, please refer to fig. 2, the first plate area includes: a central region and twelve rectangular outwardly protruding regions circumscribing the central region.
Specifically, the length of the rectangular protruding region is twice as long as the width of the rectangular protruding region, the side length of the central region is twice as long as the rectangular protruding region, the central region is square, and three rectangular protruding regions are externally connected to each side of the square.
The first rectangular protruding area, the second rectangular protruding area and the third rectangular protruding area of the three rectangular protruding areas are sequentially arranged from one end to the other end of the square. The first and third rectangular outwardly protruding regions protrude with respect to the second rectangular outwardly protruding region to form a structure symmetrical with respect to the second rectangular outwardly protruding region.
Further, the third plate region may be a square on four corners of the thickness-variable thin plate.
Of course, in addition to the three plate areas exemplified above, more plate areas may be provided according to actual needs, for example, a fourth plate area having a different thickness from the third plate area may be provided around the third plate area.
For example, in the variable-thickness thin plate shown in fig. 3, the variable-thickness thin plate may be a square, and the side length L1 of the square may be 500mm, the length L2 of the rectangular protruding region in the first plate region 1 may be 100mm, the width W of the rectangular protruding region may be 50mm, the side length L3 of the central region of the first plate region 1 may be 200mm, the side length L4 of the third plate region 3 may be 100mm, and the second plate region 2 is located between the first plate region 1 and the third plate region 3.
Referring to fig. 4, the variable thickness thin plate is sectioned to obtain sectional views as shown in fig. 5a to 5c, and as can be seen from fig. 5a to 5c, the thickness of the variable thickness thin plate is changed in axial symmetry, so that the purpose of improving the mechanical properties of the variable thickness thin plate can be achieved.
In order to verify the vibration improvement effect of the variable-thickness thin plate provided by the embodiment of the invention, a thin plate with a fixed thickness can be arranged, the mass of the thin plate with the fixed thickness is the same as that of the variable-thickness thin plate provided by the embodiment of the invention, and the final vibration optimization result is obtained by analyzing the natural frequencies of the thin plate with the fixed thickness and the thin plate provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Specifically, the fixed thickness sheet and the variable thickness sheet of the present invention are provided with the same side length data and material data.
Specifically, the side length dimension data may include a length and a width, and the material data may include: material density, material modulus of elasticity, and material poisson's ratio. By way of example only, it is possible to cite,the length may be 500mm, the width may be 500mm, and the material density may be 7800kg/m3The modulus of elasticity may be 210GPa and the Poisson's ratio may be 0.3.
And then carrying out modal analysis on the initial thin plate model based on a preset boundary condition to obtain an initial natural frequency, an initial vibration mode and an initial mass.
In a specific implementation process, the preset boundary condition may be set according to actual engineering research needs, and the preset boundary condition may include: a fixed support boundary, a simple support boundary, a free boundary, an arbitrary elastic boundary, or any other arbitrary boundary combination.
In the implementation process, the four sides of the thin plate can be limited with six degrees of freedom, and then the modal analysis is performed by using Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) software, so that the natural frequencies and the initial quality of the two thin plates can be conveniently and rapidly obtained.
The CAE software may include Abaqus software, ANSYS software, Hypermesh software, and the like.
In the implementation process, the natural frequency includes a first-order natural frequency, and since the two thin plates have the same mass, the vibration optimization result can be obtained by the following formula:
in the formula, fVRBTo the natural frequency of the thickness-variable sheet, fERBThe natural frequency of the thin plate with fixed thickness is A, and the A is a parameter of the lifting percentage of the natural frequency.
When the above-described vibration optimization verification is performed using the variable thickness sheet shown in fig. 1, the vibration optimization results shown in table 1 below can be obtained:
TABLE 1 vibration comparison of round variable thickness sheets to fixed thickness sheets
When the above-described verification of the vibration optimization was performed using the thickness-variable thin plate shown in fig. 2, the vibration optimization results shown in table 2 below were obtained:
TABLE 2 vibration comparison of Square variable thickness sheets to fixed thickness sheets
The following conclusions can be drawn from the above tables 1 to 2:
the variable-thickness thin plate can effectively improve the natural frequency of the thin plate, reduce the resonance, improve the material utilization rate and reduce the weight of the thin plate on the premise of keeping the quality of the thin plate unchanged.
The technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention at least has the following technical effects or advantages:
the thickness-variable thin plate provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises: the variable-thickness thin plate comprises a plurality of plate areas, a plurality of connecting plates and a plurality of connecting plates, wherein the plate areas are sequentially distributed from the geometric center to the edge of the variable-thickness thin plate in a surrounding manner, the geometric center of each plate area is the geometric center of the variable-thickness thin plate, and the ratio of the thickness of each plate area to the side length of the variable-thickness thin plate is smaller than a preset threshold value; and the thicknesses of two adjacent plate regions are different. The natural frequency of the thin plate can be effectively improved on the premise of unchanging the quality of the thin plate, the resonance condition is reduced, the material utilization rate is improved, and the weight of the thin plate is reduced.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. A variable thickness sheet, comprising:
the variable-thickness thin plate comprises a plurality of plate areas, a plurality of connecting plates and a plurality of connecting plates, wherein the plate areas are sequentially distributed from the geometric center to the edge of the variable-thickness thin plate in a surrounding manner, the geometric center of each plate area is the geometric center of the variable-thickness thin plate, and the ratio of the thickness of each plate area to the side length of the variable-thickness thin plate is smaller than a preset threshold value; and the thicknesses of two adjacent plate regions are different.
2. A thickness-variable sheet as claimed in claim 1, wherein each of the plate regions is formed in an axisymmetric pattern.
3. A sheet of variable thickness according to claim 2, wherein each plate region is annular.
4. A variable thickness sheet as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the variable thickness sheet comprises three plate regions, a first plate region, a second plate region and a third plate region in that order along the geometric centre towards the edge of the variable thickness sheet.
5. The variable thickness sheet of claim 4, wherein the thickness of the first sheet region is equal to the thickness of the third sheet region.
6. The variable thickness sheet of claim 5, wherein the second sheet region has a thickness greater than the thickness of the first sheet region.
7. The variable thickness sheet of claim 6, wherein the first plate region comprises:
a central region;
twelve rectangular outwardly protruding regions circumscribing the central region.
8. A variable thickness sheet as claimed in claim 7,
the length of the rectangular protruding area is twice as long as the width of the rectangular protruding area;
the side length of the central region is twice as long as that of the rectangular protruding region.
9. The variable thickness sheet of claim 8, wherein the central region is square,
each side of the square is externally connected with three rectangular outwards-protruding areas, wherein the first rectangular outwards-protruding area, the second rectangular outwards-protruding area and the third rectangular outwards-protruding area in the three rectangular outwards-protruding areas are sequentially arranged from one end of the square to the other end of the square.
10. A variable thickness sheet as claimed in claim 9,
the first rectangular protruding region and the third rectangular protruding region protrude with respect to the second rectangular protruding region to form a structure symmetrical with respect to the second rectangular protruding region.
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