CN113640875B - Deposition phase identification method, device and system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The application relates to a sedimentary facies identification method, device and system, and belongs to the technical field of oil and gas field development geology. The identification method comprises the following steps: recovering the paleo-topography of the research area to obtain a paleo-topography after deposition of the research area; converting the ancient site apparent map into a vector construction map; selecting a calculation section along the object source direction on the vector construction diagram; selecting a plurality of deposition points on the calculated section, wherein the deposition points comprise a deposition highest point; obtaining the gradient and horizontal displacement of each deposition point relative to the highest deposition point according to the coordinates of each deposition point; performing staged fitting on the slope drop and horizontal displacement of each deposition point relative to the highest deposition point, finding out inflection points between stages, and taking the slope drop value at the inflection points as a critical slope drop value; each deposition phase is identified according to the critical ramp down value. The application improves the accuracy of the identification of the deposition phases, quantitatively finds out the limit between the deposition phases through the critical gradient value, and accurately divides the regions of the deposition phases.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to a sedimentary facies identification method, device and system, and belongs to the technical field of oil and gas field development geology.
Background
The good physical properties of near-source sedimentary reservoirs make them good sites for hydrocarbon reservoirs, with alluvial fan sedimentary reservoirs and river phase sedimentary reservoirs being the two most important types in near-source sedimentary systems. The fan sand bodies and the river phase sand bodies in the two types can form lithologic trap oil and gas reservoirs and a structure-lithologic trap oil and gas reservoirs, and the two oil and gas reservoirs are main battle areas for exploration and development in China.
The favorable area for alluvial fan sedimentary reservoir exploration is river filling sediments in the fan; the beneficial areas of the river facies sedimentary reservoirs are the beach and the sand dams. Therefore, accurately identifying the sedimentary phase of near-source sediments plays a vital role in oil and gas exploration and development.
The conventional methods of existing identification are as follows:
1. identification and division of sedimentary facies by log curves, for example, chinese patent application publication No. CN 106597543a discloses a method for dividing sedimentary facies of a formation, the method comprising: the method comprises the steps of researching the logging phases of each well in a target interval research area, measuring the electrical characteristic parameters and lithology characteristic parameters of each well to divide the sedimentary microphases of different intervals of each well, and establishing a logging Xiang Moshi; calculating the seismic attribute of the seismic axis of the target interval, and displaying in an explanation workstation; exporting a seismic attribute display file of the target interval from an interpretation workstation and converting the seismic attribute display file into a seismic attribute vector diagram; the coordinates of the logging phases at all well points are corresponding to the plane coordinates of the seismic data volume on the seismic attribute vector diagram, and interpretation results of the logging phases are given; defining a sedimentary facies of each graph according to the logging facies at the same coordinates and the graphs on the seismic attribute graph;
2. the method for identifying the sedimentary facies based on the seismic data is disclosed by a Chinese patent application document with the application publication number of CN 109725348A, and the method utilizes a group of seismic attribute characteristic parameters which are sensitive to the characteristic reaction of the sedimentary facies of a target zone target interval to realize sample classification of the seismic attribute characteristic parameters in the same analysis time window; carrying out sample comparison of single well sedimentary facies and seismic attribute characteristic parameters in the same analysis time window, determining sedimentary facies attributes of samples of different types of seismic attribute characteristic parameters, and determining sedimentary facies of the same seismic attribute characteristic parameters of a target area;
3. the method comprehensively utilizes lithology logging data, provides a lithology statistics-based sedimentary facies quantitative identification plate according to the difference of vertical superposition patterns of sedimentary rocks of different sedimentary facies types, creatively utilizes sandstone frequency and sand-to-land ratio two parameters to jointly represent sandstone and mudstone superposition patterns, and effectively and rapidly identifies the sedimentary facies types.
In the method, when the sedimentary facies are identified, drilling (core) and logging data or seismic data are needed, and the identification process is complex. In addition, although the method can identify the type of the sedimentary facies in the target area, only seismic attribute or lithology data are used, the influence of geological structures on the identification of the sedimentary facies is not considered, and the identification of the sedimentary facies is inaccurate.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a deposition phase identification method, device and system, which are used for solving the problem that the identification of different deposition phases is inaccurate in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides a technical solution of a deposition phase identification method, including the following steps:
recovering the paleo-topography of the research area to obtain a paleo-topography after deposition of the research area;
converting the ancient apparent map into a vector construction map;
selecting a calculation section along the object source direction on the vector construction diagram;
selecting a plurality of deposition points on the calculated section, wherein the deposition points comprise a deposition highest point; obtaining the gradient and horizontal displacement of each deposition point relative to the highest deposition point according to the coordinates of each deposition point;
performing staged fitting on the slope drop and horizontal displacement of each deposition point relative to the highest deposition point, finding out inflection points between stages, and taking the slope drop value at the inflection points as a critical slope drop value; each deposition phase is identified according to the critical ramp down value.
In addition, the application also provides a technical scheme of the deposition phase identification device, which comprises a processor, a memory and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor realizes the technical scheme of the deposition phase identification method when executing the computer program.
The technical scheme of the deposition phase identification method and the device has the beneficial effects that: the application is based on the principle that the slope angles required by the deposition phase areas are different based on the different relative development positions of different deposition phases and source areas, and the identification of the deposition phases is carried out by taking the slope drop as a parameter. Therefore, the three-dimensional ancient map is restored from the ancient landform showing the geological structure, the ancient map is then converted into the two-dimensional vector map, the gradient and horizontal displacement of each deposition point are calculated on the calculation section along the object source direction in the two-dimensional vector map, a series of deposition points taking the horizontal displacement and the gradient as coordinates are obtained, the critical gradient value can be found out by fitting the series of deposition points, the accuracy of identifying each deposition phase is improved by identifying each deposition phase through the critical gradient value, the limit between each deposition phase can be quantitatively found out through the critical gradient value, the region of each deposition phase is accurately divided, and important geological basis is provided for searching oil gas favorable regions and improving oil gas recovery.
Furthermore, in the sedimentary facies identification method and the sedimentary facies identification device, in order to ensure the accuracy of paleo-geomorphic restoration, paleo-geomorphic restoration is performed by utilizing stratum data and layering information of a research area through a differential compaction analysis method.
Furthermore, in the sedimentary facies identification method and the sedimentary facies identification device, in order to improve the accuracy of paleo-geomorphic restoration, the process of paleo-geomorphic restoration through a differential compaction analysis method further comprises the step of compacting and correcting the sedimentary stratum by adopting an empirical formula.
Furthermore, in the deposition phase identification method and the deposition phase identification device, in order to obtain a vector structure diagram, the ancient apparent diagram is converted into the vector structure diagram through a Coredraw mapping software.
Furthermore, in the deposition phase identification method and the deposition phase identification device, in order to achieve staged fitting more quickly and accurately, the staged fitting mode is staged linear fitting.
Furthermore, in the deposition phase identification method and device, in order to realize the boundary division and identification of two deposition phases, the slope drop and the horizontal displacement of each deposition point relative to the highest deposition point are fitted in two stages, and the curves of the two stages after the fitting are straight lines.
Furthermore, in the deposition phase identification method and the deposition phase identification device, in order to improve the accuracy of deposition phase identification, the calculated profile is a smooth profile.
In addition, the application also provides a technical scheme of a deposition phase identification system, which comprises the following steps:
the paleo-topography recovery module is used for performing paleo-topography recovery on the research area to obtain a paleo-topography map after deposition of the research area;
the image conversion module is used for converting the ancient map into a vector construction map;
the calculation section selecting module is used for selecting a calculation section along the object source direction on the vector structure diagram;
the deposition point position selection module is used for selecting a plurality of deposition points on the calculated section, wherein the deposition points comprise the highest deposition point; obtaining the gradient and horizontal displacement of each deposition point relative to the highest deposition point according to the coordinates of each deposition point;
the critical slope value determining module is used for carrying out staged fitting on the slope and horizontal displacement of each deposition point relative to the deposition highest point, finding out inflection points between stages, and taking the slope value at the inflection points as a critical slope value; each deposition phase is identified according to the critical ramp down value.
The technical scheme of the deposition phase identification system has the beneficial effects that: the system is based on the principle that the slope angles required by the deposition phase areas are different based on the different relative development positions of different deposition phases and source areas, and the deposition phases are identified by taking the slope drop as a parameter. Therefore, the system is used for recovering a three-dimensional ancient relief image by utilizing an ancient relief recovery module from the ancient relief reflecting a geological structure, then converting the ancient relief image into a two-dimensional vector image by utilizing an image conversion module, further carrying out calculation of the gradient and horizontal displacement of each deposition point on a calculation section of the two-dimensional vector image along the object source direction according to a deposition point determination module, obtaining a series of deposition points taking the horizontal displacement and the gradient as coordinates, finally fitting the series of deposition points according to a critical gradient value determination module to find critical gradient values, and identifying each deposition phase through the critical gradient values, so that the accuracy of identifying each deposition phase is improved, the boundary between each deposition phase can be quantitatively found through the critical gradient values, the regions of each deposition phase are accurately divided, and important geological basis is provided for searching oil and gas favorable regions and improving oil and gas recovery.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a deposition phase identification method of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the paleo-topography of a recovered near-source deposition system of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a fine paleo-structural view according to the present application;
FIG. 4 is a scatter plot of the cross-sectional dip versus horizontal displacement for the investigation region of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a deposition phase identification apparatus according to the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a deposition phase identification system according to the present application.
Detailed Description
Deposition phase identification method embodiment one:
the main conception of the deposition phase identification method provided by the embodiment is that the critical slope angles among different deposition phases are obtained by utilizing the paleomorphic restoration diagram showing the geological structure and combining the principle that the slope angles of different deposition phases are different, so that the identification and the division of different deposition phases are realized.
The method of the present application will be described in detail below by taking a certain research area W of a basin as an example to identify and divide the deposition phases of the alluvial fan and the river (i.e. the plait-like river) as the deposition phases, and the deposition phases of the alluvial fan develop at a position closer to the source area than the deposition phases of the river in view of the background of the historical deposition, and the region formed by the deposition phases of the alluvial fan needs to have a larger slope angle, while the deposition phases of the river generally develop in the downstream region of the deposition phases of the alluvial fan, which has a smaller topography and slope angle. The slope angle is an angle value, and the application reflects the parameter of the slope angle through slope reduction.
Specifically, the method for identifying the deposition phase of the alluvial fan and the deposition phase of the braided river is shown in fig. 1, and comprises the following steps:
1) Performing paleomorphology restoration on the research area by using stratum data and layering information of the research area W through a differential compaction analysis method, and performing compaction correction on a sedimentary stratum by adopting an empirical formula to obtain a paleoplausibility map of the research area W after deposition, which is shown in FIG. 2; the ancient landform recovery of the differential compaction analysis method is the prior art, and is not described too much;
2) Obtaining a vector structure diagram (namely a fine structure diagram) shown in fig. 3 by using the structure data of the ancient apparent diagram in the step 1) and using a Coredraw mapping software, wherein contour lines in the diagram represent structure contour lines, and horizontal line segments represent faults;
3) According to the vector structure diagram obtained in the step 2), combining the seismic profile of the research area W with logging data, selecting a smooth calculation profile (the calculation profile needs to avoid the occurrence of cutting or barrier as much as possible, that is, the selected profile is a smooth curve as much as possible, so as to avoid the occurrence of the condition of larger fluctuation on the profile and influence the calculation of slope drop) along the object source direction (the object source direction is the object source supply direction and can be understood as the direction of the ancient river) on the vector structure diagram;
4) Selecting a plurality of deposition points on the calculated section obtained in the step 3), wherein the deposition points comprise deposition highest points and deposition points with other different heights (heights can also be called altitudes), and obtaining the gradient and horizontal displacement of each deposition point relative to the deposition highest points according to the coordinates of each deposition point;
in this embodiment, the highest deposition point is point a, and the deposition points with different heights are Bi points (i=1, 2,3 … n); the method for selecting the deposition points is as follows: on the calculated section, a deposition point is selected every 50m from high to low, so that enough data is ensured. Of course, if the area of investigation is too small, the deposition point spacing may be determined based on the size of the calculated profile, typically at least 50 deposition points are selected.
The coordinates of the deposition highest point A point are (A x ，A y ) The coordinates of the deposition point Bi point were (Bi x ，Bi y ) Then the gradient of the deposition point Bi with respect to the point A at the highest deposition point is (A y -Bi y )/(Bi x -A x ) Horizontal displacement c of deposition point Bi relative to deposition highest point A i ＝Bi x -A x The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The horizontal displacement and the slope drop are obtained in a one-to-one correspondence.
In this embodiment, the number of deposition points selected on the calculated section of the investigation region W is 100 Bi points, i.e., n=100, and the position and gradient data are shown in table one:
table a table of data of deposition point position and slope drop on the section of the study area W
5) Taking the horizontal displacement of the deposition point Bi obtained in the step 4) as an abscissa, and depositing the point B i The slope of (1) is taken as an ordinate to obtain a scatter diagram representing a deposition point Bi, and the data points in the scatter diagram are subjected to linear (regression) fitting in two stages to obtain two straight lines shown in figure 4, wherein the intersection point of the two straight lines is the inflection point alpha of a deposition phase of a alluvial fan and a deposition phase of a plait river c Inflection point alpha c The corresponding gradient is critical gradient value 0.52, namely 0.52 is the transition point of the gradient of the deposition phase of the alluvial fan and the deposition phase of the braided river, the deposition point with the gradient less than 0.52 belongs to the deposition phase of the braided river, and the deposition point with the gradient greater than 0.52 belongs to the deposition phase of the alluvial fan.
In the above embodiment, the method of the present application is described by taking the identification and division of two deposition phases as an example, and of course, if three deposition phases are to be distinguished, three-stage linear fitting is correspondingly performed on a plurality of deposition points to obtain two inflection points, where the two inflection points respectively correspond to two critical slope values, and the identification and division of three deposition phases are implemented according to the two critical slope values, so that the method of the present application can be generalized as follows:
recovering the paleo-topography of the research area to obtain a paleo-topography after deposition of the research area;
converting the ancient site apparent map into a vector construction map;
selecting a calculation section along the object source direction on the vector construction diagram;
selecting a plurality of deposition points on the calculated section, wherein the deposition points comprise a deposition highest point; obtaining the gradient and horizontal displacement of each deposition point relative to the highest deposition point according to the coordinates of each deposition point;
performing staged fitting on the slope drop and horizontal displacement of each deposition point relative to the highest deposition point, finding out inflection points between stages, and taking the slope drop value at the inflection points as a critical slope drop value; each deposition phase is identified according to the critical ramp down value.
The identification method can simply and effectively divide the transition limit of each deposition phase of the research area, accurately identify each deposition phase, realize the fine development of the oil-gas field and have wide popularization and application values.
Deposition phase identification method embodiment two:
the difference between the deposition phase identification method and the first deposition phase identification method is that the paleo-landform restoration means are different, and the paleo-landform restoration is performed by adopting a sandstone porosity method, or a mudstone acoustic time difference method, or a deposition rate method and other stratum thickness restoration methods.
The above ancient landform restoration methods are all in the prior art, and the description of this embodiment is omitted.
Other implementation steps of the deposition phase identification method are substantially the same as those of the first deposition phase identification method, and are described in the first deposition phase identification method, and are not repeated here.
Deposition phase identification apparatus embodiment:
the deposition phase identification apparatus provided in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, includes a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, where the processor implements a deposition phase identification method when executing the computer program.
The specific implementation process and effect of the deposition phase identification method are described in the first embodiment of the deposition phase identification method and the second embodiment of the deposition phase identification method, and are not described here again.
That is, the methods in the above deposition phase identification method embodiments should be understood that the flow of the deposition phase identification method may be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor, such as a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus, etc., such that the instructions, which execute via the processor, create means for implementing the functions specified in the above-described method flows.
The processor in this embodiment refers to a microprocessor MCU or a processing device such as a programmable logic device FPGA;
the memory referred to in this embodiment is used to store computer program instructions that are formed by implementing the depositional phase identification method, and includes physical means for storing information, typically by digitizing the information and then storing the information in a medium using electrical, magnetic, or optical means. For example: various memories, RAM, ROM and the like for storing information by utilizing an electric energy mode; various memories for storing information by utilizing a magnetic energy mode, such as a hard disk, a floppy disk, a magnetic tape, a magnetic core memory, a bubble memory and a U disk; various memories, CDs or DVDs, which store information optically. Of course, there are other ways of storing, such as quantum storing, graphene storing, etc.
The deposition phase identification device formed by the memory and the processor, which are stored with the computer program instructions for implementing the deposition phase identification method, is implemented in the computer by executing corresponding program instructions by the processor, and the computer can be implemented in the intelligent terminal by using a windows operating system, a linux system or other systems, for example, using android and iOS system programming languages, and is implemented by processing logic based on a quantum computer.
As other embodiments, the deposition phase identification apparatus may further include other processing hardware, such as a database or a multi-level cache, GPU, etc., and the present application is not limited to the structure of the deposition phase identification apparatus.
Deposition phase identification system embodiment:
the deposition phase identification system provided in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, includes an paleo-topography recovery module, an image conversion module, a calculation profile selection module, a deposition point location selection module, a critical slope value determination module, and an internal bus for transmitting internal data.
The paleo-topography recovery module is used for performing paleo-topography recovery on the research area to obtain a paleo-topography map after deposition of the research area; the image conversion module is used for converting the ancient map into a vector construction map; the calculation section selecting module is used for selecting a calculation section along the object source direction on the vector construction diagram; the deposition point position selection module is used for selecting a plurality of deposition points on the calculated section, wherein the deposition points comprise the highest deposition point; obtaining the gradient and horizontal displacement of each deposition point relative to the highest deposition point according to the coordinates of each deposition point; the critical slope value determining module is used for carrying out staged fitting on the slope and horizontal displacement of each deposition point relative to the deposition highest point, finding out inflection points between stages, and taking the slope value at the inflection points as a critical slope value; each deposition phase is identified according to the critical ramp down value.
The system formed by the modules realizes the deposition phase identification method, identifies and divides the deposition phase, and the implementation process of the specific deposition phase identification method is described in the first deposition phase identification method embodiment and the second deposition phase identification method embodiment, which are not described herein.
Claims (8)
1. A method of identifying a deposition phase, comprising the steps of:
recovering the paleo-topography of the research area to obtain a paleo-topography after deposition of the research area;
converting the ancient apparent map into a vector construction map;
selecting a calculation section along the object source direction on the vector construction diagram;
selecting a plurality of deposition points on the calculated section, wherein the deposition points comprise a deposition highest point; obtaining the gradient and horizontal displacement of each deposition point relative to the highest deposition point according to the coordinates of each deposition point;
performing staged fitting on the slope drop and horizontal displacement of each deposition point relative to the highest deposition point, finding out inflection points between stages, and taking the slope drop value at the inflection points as a critical slope drop value; identifying each deposition phase according to the critical gradient value;
the specific method for identifying each deposition phase according to the critical gradient value comprises the following steps: when N deposition phases are identified, N-stage linear fitting is correspondingly carried out on a plurality of deposition points to obtain N-1 inflection points, the N-1 inflection points respectively correspond to N-1 critical slope values, and the identification of the N deposition phases is realized according to the N-1 critical slope values.
2. The sedimentary facies identification method of claim 1, wherein paleo-relief is restored by differential compaction analysis using formation data and stratification information of the study area.
3. The sedimentary facies identification method of claim 2, further comprising the step of compaction correcting the sedimentary formation using an empirical formula during paleo-topography recovery by differential compaction analysis.
4. A method of depositional phase identification as in claim 1,2 or 3 wherein said ancient apparent map is converted into a vector construct map by coreraw mapping software.
5. The deposition phase identification method according to claim 1, wherein the slope and horizontal displacement of each deposition point relative to the highest deposition point are fitted in two stages, and the curves of the two stages after the fitting are straight lines.
6. The deposition phase identification method of claim 1, wherein the calculated profile is a smooth profile.
7. A deposition phase identification apparatus comprising a processor, a memory and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the deposition phase identification method according to any one of claims 1-6 when the computer program is executed.
8. A deposition phase identification system, comprising:
the paleo-topography recovery module is used for performing paleo-topography recovery on the research area to obtain a paleo-topography map after deposition of the research area;
the image conversion module is used for converting the ancient map into a vector construction map;
the calculation section selecting module is used for selecting a calculation section along the object source direction on the vector structure diagram;
the deposition point position selection module is used for selecting a plurality of deposition points on the calculated section, wherein the deposition points comprise the highest deposition point; obtaining the gradient and horizontal displacement of each deposition point relative to the highest deposition point according to the coordinates of each deposition point;
the critical slope value determining module is used for carrying out staged fitting on the slope and horizontal displacement of each deposition point relative to the deposition highest point, finding out inflection points between stages, and taking the slope value at the inflection points as a critical slope value; identifying each deposition phase according to the critical gradient value;
the specific method for identifying each deposition phase according to the critical gradient value comprises the following steps: when N deposition phases are identified, N-stage linear fitting is correspondingly carried out on a plurality of deposition points to obtain N-1 inflection points, the N-1 inflection points respectively correspond to N-1 critical slope values, and the identification of the N deposition phases is realized according to the N-1 critical slope values.
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