CN113638745B - Method for reinforcing homogeneous isotropic support ring body of high-impact-ground-pressure roadway - Google Patents
Method for reinforcing homogeneous isotropic support ring body of high-impact-ground-pressure roadway Download PDFInfo
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- CN113638745B CN113638745B CN202111030147.1A CN202111030147A CN113638745B CN 113638745 B CN113638745 B CN 113638745B CN 202111030147 A CN202111030147 A CN 202111030147A CN 113638745 B CN113638745 B CN 113638745B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000005056 cell body Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001808 coupling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013517 stratification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B15/00—Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/02—Drilling rigs characterised by means for land transport with their own drive, e.g. skid mounting or wheel mounting
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/003—Machines for drilling anchor holes and setting anchor bolts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of roadway support, and particularly relates to a method and equipment for reinforcing a homogeneous support ring body of a roadway with high rock burst, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of drilling through a drill carriage mechanism, performing three-spraying two-anchor two-net construction on the surface of the inner wall of a roadway, forming a tough multi-spraying layer seal, drilling anchor holes in the middle positions of two rows of front and back adjacent grouting anchor rods, deepening through a bent hole drill bit, installing anchor cables in the anchor holes with bent bottoms, locking and fixing the anchor cables and a W steel belt mutually, adopting a multi-level tough concrete seal structure, ensuring the roadway support effect through combined support of the anchor rods and the anchor cables, controlling surrounding rock deformation, effectively improving the anchorage performance of the anchor cables through the turning treatment of the anchor holes of the anchor cables, combining multiple anchor cables with the W steel belt, providing elasticity to allow pressure, and effectively improving the construction efficiency through the drill carriage mechanism and the bent hole drill bit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of roadway support, and particularly relates to a method and equipment for reinforcing a homogeneous support ring body of a roadway with high rock burst.
Background
The roadway surrounding rock is generally composed of rock masses in different states, the rock masses are rock populations occurring under natural conditions, are geological media formed through various geological actions in a long geological age, are typical discontinuous media, play a leading role in mechanical behaviors of the rock masses under the action of static and dynamic loads, and generally have anisotropic stratification occurrence, discontinuous bodies, nonlinearity and stress anisotropy.
Rock mass is often cut by weak faces such as numerous bedding joints, joints and faults and is a discontinuous medium; in addition, the rock mass is a complex body consisting of solid, liquid and gas and is under the coupling action of a stress field, a temperature field, a flow field and other fields for a long time, so that the mechanical property of the rock mass is extremely complex. Particularly, surrounding rocks are easy to crush, deform and flow under the conditions of complex stress, mining influence and high ground pressure, so that the roadway is deformed violently, and the safety production of a coal mine is serious.
For the support stability of the underground roadway, complex high-stress-failure at the periphery of the roadway firstly selects weak face breakthrough of surrounding rock, and then expands to the whole roadway, and all potential energy and kinetic energy are intensively selected to perform breakthrough and spread at the position. For the surrounding rock supporting ring body, if surrounding rocks around a roadway can be constructed into the supporting ring body with relatively balanced physical properties, the supporting ring body plays a decisive role in the stability of roadway supporting.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to ensure that the characteristics of the soft rock and the coal can bear the supporting pressure of the rock mass on a roadway by crushing, deformation and rheology under a complex stress state, the integral bearing capacity of the supporting ring must be improved, so that the bearing capacity and the mechanical property of each part of the supporting ring body are relatively homogeneous and the same, the supporting structure layer is expanded, the surrounding rock body is constructed into a homogeneous, same-quality and continuous supporting ring body with greatly improved compression strength, tensile strength and shear strength, and the integral bearing capacity of the surrounding rock is improved. The invention provides a reinforcing method and reinforcing equipment for a homogeneous and isotropic support ring body of a high-impact-ground-pressure roadway.
The invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for reinforcing a homogeneous and homogeneous supporting ring body of a roadway with high rock burst is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly spraying concrete on the surface of the inner wall of the roadway to form a first-level concrete seal layer, and drilling anchor holes into the roadway at equal distances from front to back and in the circumferential direction on the basis of the first-level concrete seal layer;
s2, installing and fixing first-level grouting anchor rods in anchor holes drilled in the first-level concrete seal layer, enabling the installation depth of each first-level grouting anchor rod in a roadway to be the same, then hanging steel wire ropes connected with each other at the outer ends of the grouting anchor rods and spraying second-level concrete;
s3, drilling anchor holes in the roadway at equal intervals in the circumferential direction at the middle position of the circumferentially adjacent first-level grouting anchor rod on the basis of the second-level concrete seal layer;
s4, installing and fixing second-level grouting anchor rods in anchor holes drilled in the second-level concrete seal layer, enabling the installation depth of each second-level grouting anchor rod in a roadway to be the same, then hanging steel wire ropes connected with each other at the outer ends of the grouting anchor rods and spraying third-level concrete to form a tough multi-spraying layer seal layer;
s5, drilling anchor holes with the same depth in the roadway circumferentially on the basis of the third-layer concrete at the middle positions of two rows of adjacent grouting anchor rods in the front and back, then replacing the drill rod with a hole-bending drill bit (2), and continuing to deepen the anchor holes to enable the bottom ends of the anchor holes to bend to have a radian;
s6, installing an anchor cable in the anchor hole with the bent bottom end, vertically installing a W-shaped steel belt on the vertical side face of the third-layer concrete at the two sides of the roadway, enabling the head end of the anchor cable to penetrate through the through hole in the W-shaped steel belt, and tightening an anchor cable nut to enable the anchor cable tray to tightly press the W-shaped steel belt.
The utility model provides a ring body reinforcement equipment is strutted to homogeneity in high rock burst tunnel which characterized in that: the drill carriage mechanism comprises a carriage body, a steering motor is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the carriage body, the steering motor drives, is connected with a base rotatably mounted on the top surface of the carriage body, a fixed column and a first oil cylinder are fixedly mounted on the top surface of the base, the top end of the first oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the inner top surface of a lifting column, the top end of the lifting column is fixedly connected with a fixed plate, the lower side of the inner side surface of the fixed plate is rotatably connected with the bottom end of a second oil cylinder, the top end of the second oil cylinder is rotatably connected with the rear end of a second connecting plate through a pin shaft, the middle end of the second connecting plate is fixedly connected with a first connecting plate fixedly mounted on the front side of the fixed plate through a second pin shaft, the front end surface of the second connecting plate is fixedly connected with the rear end surface of a working arm, a rack is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the working arm, and the rack is meshed with a gear coaxially mounted with a worm gear, the utility model discloses a drilling machine, including a sliding seat, worm wheel, the inside of sliding seat of worm wheel below rotates and installs the worm, the one end fixed connection moving motor's of worm output shaft, moving motor fixed mounting is on the top surface of backup pad, the cell body of rotation installation gyro wheel is seted up on the upper portion of sliding seat, the top surface fixed mounting of sliding seat has the rig, the curved hole drill bit includes drilling rod and drill bit, the one end of drilling rod and drill bit is fixed mounting respectively has external screw thread spare one and external screw thread spare two, the both ends of external screw thread spare one and external screw thread spare two threaded connection springs, the one end fixedly connected with slide bar of external screw thread spare two, the inboard of the spout that outer tube one end was seted up is pegged graft in the slide bar slip, the other end fixedly connected with spheroid of outer tube.
The output shaft of the steering motor drives the base to rotate through belt transmission/gear transmission/chain transmission, the fixed column and the lifting column are of square tube structures, the top end of the lifting column is blind and fixedly connected with the top end of a piston rod of a first oil cylinder, the first oil cylinder is fixedly installed on the top surface of the base on the inner side of the fixed column, and the lifting column is installed on the inner side of the fixed column in a sliding mode and is arranged on the outer side of the first oil cylinder; the steering motor can drive the base to rotate stably on the vehicle body, the first oil cylinder installed on the base can drive the lifting column to vertically lift, and then the drilling machine can conduct convenient and quick single-row drilling work on two sides of a roadway, and the labor capacity and the work risk of personnel are greatly reduced.
The fixing plate is two square plate bodies which are adjacent left and right, the connecting plate II is of a V-shaped plate structure, when the second oil cylinder contracts to the minimum stroke, an included angle between the working arm and the fixing plate is 90 degrees, and when the second oil cylinder extends to the maximum stroke, the included angle between the working arm and the fixing plate is 180 degrees; the flexible work arm that can drive of second hydro-cylinder rotates on the fixed plate to carry out convenient quick circumference drilling work to tunnel roof department, reduce personnel's amount of labour and work risk by a wide margin.
The number of the racks is two, the racks are symmetrically arranged on the bottom surface of the working arm in a left-right mode, the number of the gears is two, the two gears are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of a worm wheel, two ends of a rotating shaft of the worm wheel are rotatably connected with the left inner wall and the right inner wall of the sliding seat, the worm wheel is meshed with a worm, and the supporting plate is fixedly connected with the bottom of the sliding seat; the movable motor can drive the gear to rotate through the worm wheel and the worm, so that the sliding seat moves back and forth on the base to drive the drilling machine to drill, the worm wheel, the worm, the gear and the rack have large bearing capacity, and the working safety of the drill carriage mechanism can be effectively guaranteed due to the self-locking performance of the worm wheel and the worm.
The number of the idler wheels is multiple, the idler wheels are bilaterally symmetrical and are in a group, the idler wheels are adjacently arranged at the front and the back of the upper part of the sliding seat in a rotating mode, and the bottoms of the idler wheels are connected with the top surface of the working arm in a rolling mode; the roller can reduce the friction between the sliding seat and the working arm and improve the stability of the sliding seat moving on the working arm.
The axial lines of the drill rod, the first external thread piece, the spring, the second external thread piece, the outer sleeve and the slide rod are collinear, a spherical groove for rotatably mounting a sphere is formed in the end face, facing the drill bit, of the drill rod, the first external thread piece is arranged on the end face, on the outer side of the sphere, of the drill rod, the outer diameter of the drill rod is not larger than the outer diameter of the drill bit, and the outer diameter of the spring is not larger than the outer diameter of the drill rod; after a straight anchor hole is drilled by using a standard drill rod, a bent hole drill bit is replaced, the feeding force is increased, so that the spring is uniformly bent in the hole and is elastically deformed, the drill bit is driven to do steering motion in the hole, the bottom end of the anchor hole has smooth radian, the anchoring property of the anchor cable is greatly improved, the side surface of the outer sleeve rotating by taking the sphere as a rotation center can limit the maximum turning angle of the bent hole drill bit after contacting the inner side of the external thread part I when the spring is bent, and the phenomenon that the anchor cable cannot be completely inserted into the anchor hole due to the overlarge bending radian of the anchor hole is avoided.
The sliding rod is of a cylindrical structure, the sliding groove penetrates through the end face of one end, far away from the ball body, of the outer sleeve, the sliding groove is of a cylindrical groove structure, the sliding groove and the sliding rod are in clearance fit, and the axis of the sliding groove is collinear with the axis of the sliding rod; the sliding rod can slide and stretch in a sliding groove formed in one end of the outer sleeve, so that elastic stretching of the spring is prevented from being influenced.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the multi-layer anchor rods are relatively and uniformly arranged in the surrounding rock, a relatively uniform steel wire rope net taking a steel wire rope main rope as a rib is pressed under each layer of anchor rod pressure plate, and a multi-layer tough concrete guniting layer structure highly closely attached to a rock surface is used for applying retention pressure grouting to uniformly glue discrete and scattered surrounding rock, so that a supporting ring body with relatively uniform and greatly improved integral mechanical property is realized, the area and the strength of a surface protecting component can be increased by the combined supporting of the anchor rods and the anchor cables, a higher stress overlapping area is formed in the broken surrounding rock, the supporting effect of a roadway is effectively ensured, the deformation of the surrounding rock is controlled, the anchoring property of the anchor cables can be effectively improved by turning the bottom ends of anchor cable holes, a plurality of anchor cables can be combined by W steel belts, and elastic pressure is provided.
The steering motor can drive the base to stably rotate on the vehicle body, and the first oil cylinder arranged on the base can drive the lifting column to vertically lift, so that the drilling machine can conveniently and rapidly drill two sides of a roadway in a single row, and the labor capacity and the working risk of personnel are greatly reduced; the working arm can be driven to rotate on the fixing plate by the expansion of the second oil cylinder, so that the roadway top plate can be conveniently and rapidly drilled in the circumferential direction, and the labor capacity and the working risk of personnel are greatly reduced; the moving motor can drive the gear to rotate through the worm wheel and the worm, so that the sliding seat moves back and forth on the base to drive the drilling machine to drill holes, the worm wheel, the worm and the two groups of transmission mechanisms of the gear and the rack have larger bearing capacity, and the self-locking performance of the worm wheel and the worm can effectively ensure the working safety of the drill carriage mechanism; the roller can reduce the friction between the sliding seat and the working arm and improve the stability of the sliding seat moving on the working arm.
After a straight anchor hole is drilled by using a standard drill rod, a bent hole drill bit is replaced, the feeding force is increased, so that the spring is uniformly bent in the hole and is elastically deformed, the drill bit is driven to rotate in the hole, the bottom end of the anchor hole has a smooth radian, the anchorage performance of the anchor cable is greatly improved, the side surface of an outer sleeve rotating by taking a sphere as a rotation center can limit the maximum rotation angle of the bent hole drill bit after contacting the inner side of the external thread piece I when the spring is bent, and the problem that the anchor cable cannot be completely inserted into the anchor hole due to the overlarge bending radian of the anchor hole is avoided; the sliding rod can slide and stretch in a sliding groove formed in one end of the outer sleeve, so that elastic stretching of the spring is prevented from being influenced.
The parts of the device not involved are the same as or can be implemented using prior art.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the design of a robust seal in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a cable bolt according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a first schematic structural view of the drill carriage mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a second schematic structural view of the drill carriage mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional structural view of the drill carriage mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the curved hole drill of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a drill carriage mechanism; 100. a vehicle body; 101. a steering motor; 102. a base; 103. fixing a column; 104. a first cylinder; 105. a lifting column; 106. a fixing plate; 107. a second cylinder; 108. a first pin shaft; 109. a first connecting plate; 110. a second pin shaft; 111. a second connecting plate; 112. a working arm; 113. a rack; 114. a gear; 115. a worm gear; 116. a worm; 117. a moving motor; 118. a support plate; 119. a sliding seat; 120. a roller; 121. a drilling machine; 2. a curved hole drill bit; 201. a drill stem; 202. a first external thread element; 203. a spring; 204. a second external thread piece; 205. a drill bit; 206. an outer sleeve; 207. a chute; 208. a sphere; 209. a slide bar.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1-6, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a method for reinforcing a homogeneous isotropic support ring body of a roadway with high rock burst is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly spraying concrete on the surface of the inner wall of the roadway to form a first-level concrete seal layer, and drilling anchor holes into the roadway at equal distances from front to back and in the circumferential direction on the basis of the first-level concrete seal layer;
s2, installing and fixing first-level grouting anchor rods in anchor holes drilled in the first-level concrete seal layer, enabling the installation depth of each first-level grouting anchor rod in a roadway to be the same, then hanging steel wire ropes connected with each other at the outer ends of the grouting anchor rods and spraying second-level concrete;
s3, drilling anchor holes in the roadway at equal intervals in the circumferential direction at the middle position of the circumferentially adjacent first-level grouting anchor rod on the basis of the second-level concrete seal layer;
s4, installing and fixing second-level grouting anchor rods in anchor holes drilled in the second-level concrete seal layer, enabling the installation depth of each second-level grouting anchor rod in a roadway to be the same, then hanging steel wire ropes connected with each other at the outer ends of the grouting anchor rods and spraying third-level concrete to form a tough multi-spraying layer seal layer;
s5, drilling anchor holes with the same depth in the roadway circumferentially on the basis of the third-layer concrete at the middle positions of two rows of adjacent grouting anchor rods in the front and back, then replacing the drill rod with a hole-bending drill bit (2), and continuing to deepen the anchor holes to enable the bottom ends of the anchor holes to bend to have a radian;
s6, installing an anchor cable in the anchor hole with the bent bottom end, vertically installing a W steel belt on the vertical side face of the third-layer concrete at the two sides of the roadway, enabling the head end of the anchor cable to penetrate through a through hole in the W steel belt, and tightening an anchor cable nut to enable the anchor cable tray to tightly press the W steel belt; the multi-layer anchor rods are relatively and uniformly arranged in the surrounding rock, a relatively uniform steel wire rope net taking a steel wire rope main rope as a rib is pressed under each layer of anchor rod pressure plate, and a multi-layer tough concrete guniting layer structure highly closely attached to a rock surface is used for applying retention pressure grouting to uniformly glue discrete and scattered surrounding rock, so that a supporting ring body with relatively uniform and greatly improved integral mechanical property is realized, the area and the strength of a surface protecting component can be increased by the combined supporting of the anchor rods and the anchor cables, a higher stress overlapping area is formed in the broken surrounding rock, the supporting effect of a roadway is effectively ensured, the deformation of the surrounding rock is controlled, the anchoring property of the anchor cables can be effectively improved by turning the bottom ends of anchor cable holes, a plurality of anchor cables can be combined by W steel belts, and elastic pressure is provided.
The utility model provides a ring body reinforcement equipment is strutted to homogeneity in high rock burst tunnel which characterized in that: the drilling rig structure comprises a drilling rig mechanism (1) and a bent hole drill bit (2), wherein the drilling rig mechanism (1) comprises a vehicle body (100), a steering motor (101) is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the vehicle body (100), the steering motor (101) is in driving connection with a base (102) which is rotatably mounted on the top surface of the vehicle body (100), a fixing column (103) and a first oil cylinder (104) are fixedly mounted on the top surface of the base (102), the top end of the first oil cylinder (104) is fixedly connected with the inner top surface of a lifting column (105), the top end of the lifting column (105) is fixedly connected with a fixing plate (106), the lower side of the inner side surface of the fixing plate (106) is rotatably connected with the bottom end of a second oil cylinder (107), the top end of the second oil cylinder (107) is rotatably connected with the rear end of a second connecting plate (111) through a first pin shaft (108), the middle end of the second connecting plate (111) is rotatably connected with a first connecting plate (109) which is fixedly mounted on the front side of the fixing plate (106) through a second pin shaft (110), the rear end face of preceding terminal surface fixed connection work arm (112) of connecting plate two (111), the fixed rack (113) that is equipped with in bottom surface of work arm (112), rack (113) meshing connection and worm wheel (115) coaxial arrangement's gear (114), worm wheel (115) rotate and install the inboard at sliding seat (119), worm (116) are installed in the inside rotation of sliding seat (119) of worm wheel (115) below, the output shaft of the one end fixed connection mobile motor (117) of worm (116), mobile motor (117) fixed mounting is on the top surface of backup pad (118), the cell body that rotates installation gyro wheel (120) is seted up on the upper portion of sliding seat (119), the top surface fixed mounting of sliding seat (119) has rig (121), curved hole drill bit (2) include drilling rod (201) and drill bit (205), the one end of drilling rod (201) and drill bit (205) respectively fixed mounting have external screw thread spare one (202) and two external screw thread spare (204) The first external thread piece (202) and the second external thread piece (204) are in threaded connection with two ends of a spring (203), one end of the second external thread piece (204) is fixedly connected with a sliding rod (209), the sliding rod (209) is inserted into the inner side of a sliding groove (207) formed in one end of an outer sleeve (206) in a sliding mode, and the other end of the outer sleeve (206) is fixedly connected with a ball body (208).
An output shaft of the steering motor (101) drives the base (102) to rotate through belt transmission/gear transmission/chain transmission, the fixing column (103) and the lifting column (105) are of square tube structures, the top end of the lifting column (105) is blind and fixedly connected with the top end of a piston rod of the first oil cylinder (104), the first oil cylinder (104) is fixedly installed on the top surface of the base (102) on the inner side of the fixing column (103), and the lifting column (105) is installed on the inner side of the fixing column (103) in a sliding mode and is arranged on the outer side of the first oil cylinder (104); steering motor (101) can drive stable rotation of base (102) on automobile body (100), and first hydro-cylinder (104) of installation on base (102) can drive lift post (105) vertical lift, and then makes rig (121) can carry out convenient quick single gang drilling work to two sides in tunnel, reduces personnel's amount of labour and work risk by a wide margin.
The fixing plate (106) is two square plate bodies which are adjacent left and right, the second connecting plate (111) is of a V-shaped plate structure, when the second oil cylinder (107) contracts to the minimum stroke, an included angle between the working arm (112) and the fixing plate (106) is 90 degrees, and when the second oil cylinder (107) extends to the maximum stroke, an included angle between the working arm (112) and the fixing plate (106) is 180 degrees; the flexible working arm (112) that can drive of second hydro-cylinder (107) rotates on fixed plate (106) to carry out convenient quick circumference drilling work to tunnel roof department, reduce personnel's amount of labour and work risk by a wide margin.
The number of the racks (113) is two, the racks are symmetrically arranged on the bottom surface of the working arm (112) in a left-right mode, the number of the gears (114) is two, the two gears are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the worm wheel (115), two ends of a rotating shaft of the worm wheel (115) are rotatably connected with the left inner wall and the right inner wall of the sliding seat (119), the worm wheel (115) is meshed with the worm (116), and the supporting plate (118) is fixedly connected with the bottom of the sliding seat (119); the movable motor (117) can drive the gear (114) to rotate through the worm wheel (115) and the worm (116), so that the sliding seat (119) moves back and forth on the base (102) to drive the drilling machine (121) to drill, the two groups of transmission mechanisms, namely the worm wheel (115), the worm (116), the gear (114) and the rack (113), have large bearing capacity, and the self-locking performance of the worm wheel (115) and the worm (116) can effectively ensure the working safety of the drill carriage mechanism (1).
The number of the rollers (120) is multiple, the rollers are bilaterally symmetrical and form a group, the rollers are adjacently arranged at the rear end of the upper part of the sliding seat (119) in a front-rear rotating mode, and the bottoms of the rollers (120) are connected with the top surface of the working arm (112) in a rolling mode; the roller (120) can reduce the friction between the sliding seat (119) and the working arm (112) and improve the stability of the sliding seat (119) moving on the working arm (112).
The axial lines of the drill rod (201), the first external thread element (202), the spring (203), the second external thread element (204), the outer sleeve (206) and the sliding rod (209) are collinear, a spherical groove for rotatably mounting the sphere (208) is formed in the end face, facing the drill bit (205), of the drill rod (201), the first external thread element (202) is arranged on the end face, facing the outer side of the sphere (208), of the drill rod (201), the outer diameter of the drill rod (201) is not larger than that of the drill bit (205), and the outer diameter of the spring (203) is not larger than that of the drill rod (201); after a straight anchor hole is drilled by using a standard drill rod, a bent hole drill bit (2) is replaced, the feeding force is increased, so that a spring (203) is uniformly bent in the hole and has elastic deformation, the drill bit (205) is driven to rotate in the hole, the bottom end of the anchor hole has smooth radian, the anchoring property of the anchor cable is greatly improved, the side surface of an outer sleeve (206) which rotates by taking a sphere (208) as a rotation center when the spring (203) is bent can limit the maximum turning angle of the bent hole drill bit (2) after contacting the inner side of an external thread piece I (202), and the situation that the anchor cable cannot be completely inserted into the anchor hole due to overlarge bending radian of the anchor hole is avoided.
The sliding rod (209) is of a cylindrical structure, the sliding groove (207) penetrates through the end face of one end, far away from the ball body (208), of the outer sleeve (206), the sliding groove (207) is of a cylindrical groove structure, the sliding groove (207) and the sliding rod (209) are in clearance fit, and the axis of the sliding groove (207) is collinear with the axis of the sliding rod (209); the sliding rod (209) can slide and stretch in a sliding groove (207) formed at one end of the outer sleeve (206), so that the elastic stretching of the spring (203) is prevented from being influenced.
The working principle and the using process of the invention are as follows: uniformly spraying concrete on the surface of the inner wall of the roadway to form a first-level concrete seal layer, and drilling anchor holes into the roadway at equal intervals in the front-back direction and the circumferential direction on the basis of the first-level concrete seal layer by using a drill carriage mechanism (1); when the drill carriage mechanism (1) works, an included angle between the working arm (112) and the fixing plate (106) in an initial state is 90 degrees; the method comprises the following steps of driving a vehicle body (100) to a proper position in a traction manner, driving a base (102) to drive a fixing column (103) to rotate through a steering motor (101), enabling a working arm (112) to be perpendicular to two upper surfaces of a roadway, and then lifting a first oil cylinder (104) section by section to enable a drilling machine (121) to drill holes on the upper surfaces of the roadway at intervals in order; when the drilling machine is used for drilling, the moving motor (117) drives the worm (116) to rotate, the worm (116) is meshed with the driving worm wheel (115) to rotate, the worm wheel (115) drives the gear (114) to rotate, and the gear (114) is further meshed with the rack (113) and simultaneously enables the sliding seat (119) to move back and forth on the working arm (112), so that the drilling machine (121) is driven to linearly displace to perform drilling; before drilling a top plate of the roadway, an operator appropriately contracts the first oil cylinder (104) to reduce the height of the lifting column (105), so that the working arm (112) is prevented from scraping and rubbing the upper surface of the roadway in the rotating process; then, an operator controls the second oil cylinder (107) to contract, so that a piston rod of the second oil cylinder (107) drives the rear end of the second connecting plate (111) to move downwards through the first pin shaft (108), and further the second connecting plate (111) rotates by taking the second pin shaft (110) as a rotating shaft to drive the working arm (112) to rotate, so that the upper surface of the roadway is drilled in a circumferential and sequential manner; after drilling an anchor hole at the highest point of a roadway roof, an operator controls a steering motor (101) to drive a base (102) to drive a fixing column (103) to rotate 180 degrees, and drilling is carried out on the roadway upper surface and the roof on the other side; after the single-row anchor hole is arranged, the traction vehicle body (100) moves towards the front of the roadway, and anchor holes required by a second row and the following rows are continuously arranged;
installing and fixing first-level grouting anchor rods in anchor holes drilled in the first-level concrete seal layer, wherein the installation depth of each first-level grouting anchor rod in a roadway is the same, then hanging interconnected steel wire ropes at the outer ends of the grouting anchor rods and spraying second-level concrete; on the basis of the second-level concrete seal, drilling anchor holes in the roadway at equal intervals in the circumferential direction at the middle position of the circumferentially adjacent first-level grouting anchor rod; installing and fixing second-layer grouting anchor rods in anchor holes drilled in the second-layer concrete seal layer, enabling the installation depth of each second-layer grouting anchor rod in a roadway to be the same, then hanging steel wire ropes connected with each other at the outer ends of the grouting anchor rods and spraying third-layer concrete to form a tough multi-spraying layer seal layer; drilling anchor holes with the same depth in the roadway circumferentially on the basis of the third-layer concrete at the middle positions of two rows of adjacent grouting anchor rods in the front and the back, then replacing a drill rod with a curved-hole drill bit (2), and continuously expanding the anchor holes to enable the bottom ends of the anchor holes to curve to have a radian; and (3) installing an anchor cable in an anchor hole with a bent bottom end, vertically installing a W-shaped steel belt along the vertical side surface of the third-layer concrete at two sides of the roadway, enabling the head end of the anchor cable to penetrate through a through hole in the W-shaped steel belt, and tightening an anchor cable nut to enable an anchor cable tray to tightly press the W-shaped steel belt.
Claims (7)
1. A method for reinforcing a homogeneous and homogeneous supporting ring body of a roadway with high rock burst is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly spraying concrete on the surface of the inner wall of the roadway to form a first-level concrete seal layer, and drilling anchor holes into the roadway at equal distances from front to back and in the circumferential direction on the basis of the first-level concrete seal layer;
s2, installing and fixing first-level grouting anchor rods in anchor holes drilled in the first-level concrete seal layer, enabling the installation depth of each first-level grouting anchor rod in a roadway to be the same, then hanging steel wire ropes connected with each other at the outer ends of the grouting anchor rods and spraying second-level concrete;
s3, drilling anchor holes in the roadway at equal intervals in the circumferential direction at the middle position of the circumferentially adjacent first-level grouting anchor rod on the basis of the second-level concrete seal layer;
s4, installing and fixing second-level grouting anchor rods in anchor holes drilled in the second-level concrete seal layer, enabling the installation depth of each second-level grouting anchor rod in a roadway to be the same, then hanging steel wire ropes connected with each other at the outer ends of the grouting anchor rods and spraying third-level concrete to form a tough multi-spraying layer seal layer;
s5, drilling anchor holes with the same depth in the roadway circumferentially on the basis of the third-layer concrete at the middle positions of two rows of adjacent grouting anchor rods in the front and back, then replacing the drill rod with a hole-bending drill bit, and continuing to deepen the anchor holes to enable the bottom ends of the anchor holes to bend to have a radian;
s6, installing an anchor cable in the anchor hole with the bent bottom end, vertically installing a W steel belt on the vertical side face of the third-layer concrete at the two sides of the roadway, enabling the head end of the anchor cable to penetrate through a through hole in the W steel belt, and tightening an anchor cable nut to enable the anchor cable tray to tightly press the W steel belt;
the reinforcing method is realized by using a homogeneous and homogeneous supporting ring body reinforcing device of a high-impact ground pressure roadway;
a reinforcing device for a homogeneous isotropic support ring body of a high-impact ground pressure roadway comprises a drill carriage mechanism and a bent hole drill bit, wherein the drill carriage mechanism comprises a vehicle body, the top surface of the vehicle body is fixedly provided with a steering motor, the steering motor is driven to be connected with a base which is rotatably arranged on the top surface of the vehicle body, the top surface of the base is fixedly provided with a fixed column and a first oil cylinder, the top end of the first oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the inner top surface of a lifting column, the top end of the lifting column is fixedly connected with a fixed plate, the lower side of the inner side surface of the fixed plate is rotatably connected with the bottom end of a second oil cylinder, the top end of the second oil cylinder is rotatably connected with the rear end of a second connecting plate through a pin shaft, the middle end of the second connecting plate is rotatably connected with a first connecting plate fixedly arranged on the front side of the fixed plate through a second pin shaft, the front end surface of the second connecting plate is fixedly connected with the rear end surface of a working arm, and the bottom surface of the working arm is fixedly provided with a rack, the rack is meshed with a gear coaxially arranged with a worm wheel, the worm wheel is rotatably arranged on the inner side of the sliding seat, a worm is rotatably arranged in the sliding seat below the worm wheel, one end of the worm is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the mobile motor, the mobile motor is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the supporting plate, the upper part of the sliding seat is provided with a groove body for rotatably installing the roller, a drilling machine is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the sliding seat, the curved hole drill bit comprises a drill rod and a drill bit, one end of the drill rod and one end of the drill bit are respectively and fixedly provided with a first external thread part and a second external thread part, the first external thread piece and the second external thread piece are in threaded connection with two ends of the spring, one end of the second external thread piece is fixedly connected with a sliding rod, the sliding rod is inserted in the inner side of a sliding groove formed in one end of the outer sleeve in a sliding mode, and the other end of the outer sleeve is fixedly connected with a ball body.
2. The method for reinforcing the homogeneous support ring body of the roadway with high rock burst according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the output shaft of the steering motor drives the base to rotate through belt transmission/gear transmission/chain transmission, the fixed column and the lifting column are of square tube structures, the top end of the lifting column is blind and fixedly connected with the top end of a piston rod of a first oil cylinder, the first oil cylinder is fixedly installed on the top surface of the base on the inner side of the fixed column, and the lifting column is installed on the inner side of the fixed column in a sliding mode and is arranged on the outer side of the first oil cylinder.
3. The method for reinforcing the homogeneous support ring body of the roadway with high rock burst according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the fixed plate is two square plate bodies adjacent to each other left and right, the second connecting plate is of a V-shaped plate structure, the second oil cylinder contracts to the minimum stroke, the included angle between the working arm and the fixed plate is 90 degrees, the second oil cylinder extends to the maximum stroke, and the included angle between the working arm and the fixed plate is 180 degrees.
4. The method for reinforcing the homogeneous support ring body of the roadway with high rock burst according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the quantity of rack is two, and bilateral symmetry installs on the bottom surface of work arm, the quantity of gear is two, installs respectively in the left and right sides of worm wheel, the pivot both ends of worm wheel are rotated and are connected the inner wall about the sliding seat, the worm is connected in the worm wheel meshing, the bottom of backup pad fixed connection sliding seat.
5. The method for reinforcing the homogeneous support ring body of the roadway with high rock burst according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the number of the idler wheels is multiple, the idler wheels are bilaterally symmetrical and are in a group, the idler wheels are adjacent to each other in the front-back direction and are rotatably installed at the rear end of the upper portion of the sliding seat, and the bottoms of the idler wheels are in rolling connection with the top surface of the working arm.
6. The method for reinforcing the homogeneous support ring body of the roadway with high rock burst according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the drill rod is provided with a spherical groove for rotatably mounting a sphere towards the end face of the drill bit, the first external thread piece is arranged on the end face of the drill rod outside the sphere, the outer diameter of the drill rod is not larger than that of the drill bit, and the outer diameter of the spring is not larger than that of the drill rod.
7. The method for reinforcing the homogeneous supporting ring body of the high rock burst roadway according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the slide bar is the cylinder structure, the spout link up the outer tube and keeps away from spheroidal one end terminal surface, the spout is cylindrical groove structure, the spout is clearance fit with the slide bar, the axis of spout and the axis collineation of slide bar.
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| CN200955404Y (en) * | 2006-09-13 | 2007-10-03 | 阳泉市盛德矿业物资有限公司 | W-shape steel-band supporting board device |
| CN202745898U (en) * | 2012-03-19 | 2013-02-20 | 新汶矿业集团有限责任公司协庄煤矿 | Deep soft rock tunnel tensile reinforced concrete spraying body supporting structure |
| CN104612727A (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2015-05-13 | 淮北市平远软岩支护工程技术有限公司 | Large plate bottom supporting method for soft rock roadway |
| CN109736850B (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2023-08-22 | 河南理工大学 | Roadway shell and arch combined strong bearing structure and construction method thereof |
| CN110939456B (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2021-02-05 | 华亭煤业集团有限责任公司 | High-stress roadway combined ring body beam supporting structure and construction method thereof |
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