CN113638706A - Pile-forming construction equipment for large-diameter rock-socketed cast-in-place pile with super-thick covering layer - Google Patents
Pile-forming construction equipment for large-diameter rock-socketed cast-in-place pile with super-thick covering layer Download PDFInfo
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- CN113638706A CN113638706A CN202110831698.1A CN202110831698A CN113638706A CN 113638706 A CN113638706 A CN 113638706A CN 202110831698 A CN202110831698 A CN 202110831698A CN 113638706 A CN113638706 A CN 113638706A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
- E02D15/02—Handling of bulk concrete specially for foundation or hydraulic engineering purposes
- E02D15/04—Placing concrete in mould-pipes, pile tubes, bore-holes or narrow shafts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
- E02D5/36—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making without use of mouldpipes or other moulds
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/42—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/62—Drill bits characterised by parts, e.g. cutting elements, which are detachable or adjustable
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B15/00—Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
- E21B19/08—Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables; Apparatus for increasing or decreasing the pressure on the drilling tool; Apparatus for counterbalancing the weight of the rods
- E21B19/086—Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables; Apparatus for increasing or decreasing the pressure on the drilling tool; Apparatus for counterbalancing the weight of the rods with a fluid-actuated cylinder
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/01—Arrangements for handling drilling fluids or cuttings outside the borehole, e.g. mud boxes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/16—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor using gaseous fluids
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B3/00—Rotary drilling
- E21B3/02—Surface drives for rotary drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2250/00—Production methods
- E02D2250/0023—Cast, i.e. in situ or in a mold or other formwork
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of cast-in-place piles, and discloses pile forming construction equipment for a large-diameter cast-in-place pile with an ultra-thick covering layer, which comprises a full-hydraulic reverse circulation drilling machine, a sedimentation tank and a plurality of mud tanks which are sequentially distributed and communicated, wherein the full-hydraulic reverse circulation drilling machine drills through the covering layer and into a rock stratum to form a pile hole; in the drilling process, starting a sand pump to pump, suck and clean the hole in a reverse circulation manner; a reinforcement cage and a pouring guide pipe for pouring concrete into the pile hole to form a rock-socketed pouring pile are arranged in the pile hole, and when the lower part of the pouring guide pipe is in place, an air compressor is started to perform air-lift reverse circulation hole cleaning; the pile-forming construction equipment for the large-diameter rock-socketed cast-in-place pile with the ultra-thick covering layer, provided by the invention, has the advantages of good mud wall protection effect, high slag discharging efficiency, high drilling speed, strong rock stratum drilling capability, good reverse circulation hole cleaning effect, good green and environment-friendly effect and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cast-in-place piles, in particular to pile forming construction equipment for a large-diameter cast-in-place pile with an ultra-thick covering layer.
Background
Along with the extension of urban building to the space, more and more high-rise, super high-rise building constantly appears, and its core section of thick bamboo adopts single stake single-column drilling bored concrete pile, shows as major diameter end-bearing pile in pile foundation design, and this type of pile diameter often exceeds 2000mm, and some pile diameters exceed 3000 mm. Under the influence of regional geology, end-bearing piles encountered by some pile foundation projects need to penetrate through an upper ultra-thick covering layer and are embedded into a rock stratum downwards, so that pile holes are ultra-deep, and the depth of the pile holes exceeds 100 m.
In the prior art, a rotary drilling rig is high in automation degree and high in hole forming speed and is widely applied, however, for drilling of a large-diameter rock-socketed cast-in-place pile, the rotary drilling rig is used for hole forming operation, the upper part of a pile hole is in a covering layer, the drilling speed is high, original soil cannot be used for slurry production, the slurry wall protection effect is poor, and a deep and long protection barrel needs to be arranged to protect the wall of the hole; the rotary drilling rig adopts the drilling bucket to remove slag, when the drilling bucket is frequently lifted and lowered, the hole wall is easily disturbed, meanwhile, the torque of the rotary drilling rig limits, drilling in a rock stratum needs to be carried out in a grading manner, the drilling difficulty is high, the rock entering time is long, the construction efficiency is low, in addition, when a drill bit of the rotary drilling rig breaks the rock, sediments with different block diameters are generated, the hole cleaning of a pile hole is difficult, and the thickness of the sediment at the bottom of the pile hole is difficult to control.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide pile forming construction equipment for a large-diameter rock-socketed cast-in-place pile with an ultra-thick covering layer, and aims to solve the problems of low construction efficiency and difficulty in hole cleaning in the prior art when a rotary drilling rig is used for constructing the rock-socketed cast-in-place pile.
The invention is realized in this way, the super thick overburden major diameter inlays the rock bored concrete pile and becomes the construction equipment, including all-hydraulic reverse circulation rig, settling basin and multistage mud pit that arranges and communicates in order arranged on the construction site, the said all-hydraulic reverse circulation rig includes the base placed on construction site, drilling rod and multiple bit of changing and connecting to the bottom of drilling rod, there is hydraulic frame to pressurize the drilling rod downward on the said base, there are power components to drive the drilling rod to rotate on the said hydraulic frame, there are circulating holes that link up from top to bottom in the said drilling rod, the said power component drives the drilling rod to rotate, drive the bit to drill through the overburden and drill into the rock stratum, form the pile hole;
the mud pit at the head is communicated with the top of the circulation hole through a circulation pipe, the circulation pipe is connected with a sand pump, the sand pump is arranged in the mud pit at the head, and the mud pit at the tail is communicated with the inside of the protective cylinder through a flow passage; when the drill bit drills, a sand pump is started to pump, reversely circulate and clean the hole, mud at the bottom of the pile hole enters a circulating pipe from bottom to top through the circulating hole and is injected into a first mud pit, and the mud is sequentially precipitated through a plurality of stages of mud pits and then flows back into the pile hole through a flow channel through a last mud pit;
a reinforcement cage and a pouring guide pipe for pouring concrete into the pile hole to form a rock-socketed pouring pile are arranged in the pile hole, the top of the pouring guide pipe is connected with a mud pipe, the mud pipe is communicated to a sedimentation tank, and the sedimentation tank is communicated with the pile hole; an air supply pipe is arranged in the perfusion guide pipe, the lower end of the air supply pipe extends to the lower part of the guide pipe, and the upper end of the air supply pipe is communicated with an air compressor; after the lower part of the filling guide pipe is in place, starting an air compressor to perform air lift reverse circulation hole cleaning, supplying air to the bottom of the filling guide pipe by the air compressor through an air supply pipe, enabling the slurry heterozygous sediments at the bottom of the pile hole to ascend from bottom to top through the filling guide pipe and be discharged into a sedimentation tank through a slurry pipe, enabling the sediments to be settled in the sedimentation tank, and enabling the slurry to flow back into the pile hole.
Furthermore, the hydraulic frame comprises a longitudinal frame and a horizontal frame which is connected to the longitudinal frame and moves up and down along the longitudinal frame, the power element is connected to the horizontal frame, and when the drill bit drills, the horizontal frame drives the power element to press downwards to move.
Furthermore, a bottom steel plate is laid on the construction site, an upper steel plate is laid on the bottom steel plate, and the base is arranged on the upper steel plate; the edge of the bottom steel plate is provided with a plurality of pointed pins which are downwards inserted into a construction site, and the pointed pins are arranged at intervals and circularly along the periphery of the bottom steel plate.
Furthermore, the edge of end steel sheet is equipped with a plurality of bellied edge lugs that make progress, and is a plurality of the edge lug encircles along the periphery interval of end steel sheet and arranges, the edge lug butt is in go up the edge of steel sheet.
Furthermore, a plurality of sunken positions are formed in the upper steel plate in a sunken mode, a plurality of hydraulic feet extend upwards from the bottom of the machine base, and the plurality of hydraulic feet are embedded into the plurality of sunken positions correspondingly.
Further, the plurality of drill bits comprise single belt drill bits for drilling in soft soil layers and clay layers;
the single-waistband drill comprises a first central rod, a single first waist ring is arranged on the upper portion of the first central rod in a surrounding mode, a plurality of first toothed plates are arranged on the lower portion of the first central rod in a surrounding mode, and a plurality of guide plates are arranged in the middle of the first central rod in a surrounding mode;
the first toothed cutting plate is obliquely arranged upwards along the direction from bottom to top, a plurality of first cutting teeth are arranged at the bottom of the first toothed cutting plate, the outer end of the first toothed cutting plate and the periphery of the first waist ring are arranged in a vertically flush manner, and the guide plate is arranged between the first waist ring and the first toothed cutting plate;
the bottom of first well core rod is equipped with a plurality of first hang plates, the upper end of first hang plate is connected the bottom of first well core rod, and is a plurality of the upper end of first hang plate is along the periphery of first well core rod is encircleed and is arranged, and is a plurality of the lower extreme of first hang plate collects and connects, forms first pointed end, the bottom of first hang plate is equipped with first cutting tooth.
Further, the plurality of drill bits comprises a double girdle drill bit for drilling in a sand layer;
the single-waistband drill bit comprises a second central rod, two second waist rings are arranged on the upper portion of the second central rod in a surrounding mode, the two second waist rings are arranged at intervals up and down along the axial direction of the second central rod, and a plurality of second toothed cutting plates are arranged on the lower portion of the second central rod in a surrounding mode;
the second cutting tooth plate is obliquely arranged upwards along the direction from bottom to top, a plurality of second cutting teeth are arranged at the bottom of the second cutting tooth plate, and the outer end of the second cutting tooth plate and the periphery of the second waist ring are arranged in a vertically flush manner;
the bottom of the second center rod is provided with a plurality of second inclined plates, the upper ends of the second inclined plates are connected to the bottom of the second center rod, the upper ends of the second inclined plates are arranged along the periphery of the second center rod in a surrounding mode, the lower ends of the second inclined plates are connected in a gathering mode to form a second tip, and second cutting teeth are arranged at the bottom of the second inclined plates.
Further, the plurality of drill bits includes a roller cutter drill bit for drilling into the formation;
the hobbing cutter drill bit comprises a drilling barrel body, a plurality of convex blocks are convexly arranged at the bottom of the drilling barrel body, a shaft lever is arranged on each convex block, the axial direction of the shaft lever and the radial direction of the drilling barrel body are arranged in the same direction, a hobbing cutter head is sleeved outside the shaft lever, and a plurality of drilling cutters are arranged on the outer surface of the hobbing cutter head.
Furthermore, a first slurry partition plate is arranged between the first slurry tank and the middle slurry tank, and a second slurry partition plate is arranged between the middle slurry tank and the last slurry tank;
the top of the first slurry partition plate and the top of the second slurry partition plate are respectively arranged lower than the top of the slurry pool, and the top of the first slurry partition plate is higher than the top of the second slurry partition plate; the first slurry partition plate is provided with a first filtering hole, the second slurry partition plate is provided with a second filtering hole, and the aperture of the first filtering hole is larger than that of the second filtering hole.
Furthermore, the top of the perfusion conduit is connected with an elbow pipe, and the mud pipe is communicated with the elbow pipe; the elbow pipe has the bending section, the bending section is equipped with the connecting pipe, the lower extreme of connecting pipe extends to in the filling pipe, outside the upper end of connecting pipe extended to the bending section, the upper end of blast pipe is connected with the lower extreme of connecting pipe, the upper end of connecting pipe is passed through the rubber tube and is connected with the air compressor machine.
Compared with the prior art, the pile-forming construction equipment for the large-diameter rock-socketed cast-in-place pile with the ultra-thick covering layer, provided by the invention, has the following advantages:
1) the mud wall protection effect is good, drilling is carried out by adopting a full-hydraulic reverse circulation drilling machine, slurry is naturally made by utilizing clay particles in the covering layer, fine particles in the covering layer and clay particle components in the mud are extruded into the hole wall, so that mud skin with stable performance is formed, the wall protection effect is good, and an ultra-long protection cylinder is not required to be arranged at the hole opening;
2) the slag discharging efficiency is high, the hole cleaning is realized by pumping reverse circulation through a sand pump, the return speed of the drilling slag from the circulation hole in the drill rod is high, the drilling slag carrying capacity is high, the drilling slag can be quickly discharged out of the pile hole, the slag discharging efficiency is high, and the drilling speed is high;
3) the full-hydraulic reverse circulation drilling machine has a hydraulic pressurization effect, the drill bit drills the rock stratum from the radial direction and the vertical direction at the same time, the rock breaking capacity is high, the full-section rock breaking drilling of the pile hole is realized, the grading reaming is not needed, and the hole forming speed of the rock embedding section of the pile hole is high;
4) the reverse circulation hole cleaning effect is good, after the pile hole is drilled to a set depth, the pump is continuously kept sucking the reverse circulation hole cleaning, and the sediment at the bottom of the hole is cleaned once; after the reinforcement cage and the pouring guide pipe are placed downwards, the hole is cleaned by adopting gas lift reverse circulation, the sediment thickness at the bottom of the pile hole is controlled, and the construction quality of the pile foundation is ensured;
5) green, the drill bit is creeping into the in-process, and the vibration is little, and the noise is low, and is little to the surrounding environment influence, and green is effectual.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pump-pumped reverse circulation hole cleaning provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the gas lift reverse circulation hole cleaning provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic front view of a single girdle drill bit according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic front view of a double belt drill bit provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic front view of a roller cutter drill bit provided by the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic front view of a silencer according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic front view of a hydraulic mount provided by the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic front view of the bottom steel plate and the upper steel plate provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The following describes the implementation of the present invention in detail with reference to specific embodiments.
The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the present embodiment correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there is an orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but it is not intended to indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent, and the specific meaning of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific circumstances.
Referring to fig. 1-8, preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown.
The pile-forming construction equipment for the large-diameter rock-socketed cast-in-place pile with the ultra-thick covering layer is suitable for cast-in-place pile with the diameter of 2000mm or more, suitable for cast-in-place pile with the pile hole 100 covering stratum larger than 60m or more, suitable for construction of hard rock-socketed cast-in-place pile with the pile end bearing layer with the strength of 60MPa or more, and suitable for construction sites with strict requirements on noise.
The super-thick covering layer large-diameter rock-socketed cast-in-place pile forming construction equipment comprises a full-hydraulic reverse circulation drilling machine, a sedimentation tank 200 arranged on a construction site and a plurality of stages of mud tanks which are sequentially distributed and communicated; the full-hydraulic reverse circulation drilling machine comprises a base 700 arranged on a construction site, a drill rod 101 and a plurality of drill bits connected to the bottom of the drill rod 101 in a replaceable manner, wherein in the drilling process, different drill bits can be replaced according to different stratum properties.
The machine base 700 is provided with a hydraulic frame which downwards pressurizes the drill rod 101, the hydraulic frame is provided with a power element 703 which drives the drill rod 101 to rotate, a circulating hole which is communicated up and down is arranged in the drill rod 101, the drill bit is connected to the bottom of the drill rod 101, and the power element 703 drives the drill rod to rotate to drive the drill bit to drill through a covering layer and drill into a rock stratum to form a pile hole.
The first mud pit 104 is communicated with the top of the circulation hole through a circulation pipe 102, the circulation pipe 102 is connected with a sand pump 103, the sand pump 103 is arranged in the first mud pit 104, and the last mud pit 109 is communicated with the inside of the casing through a flow passage 108;
when the drill bit drills, a sand pump 103 is started to pump, reversely circulate and clean the hole, mud at the bottom of the pile hole 100 enters a circulating pipe 102 from bottom to top through the circulating hole and is injected into a first mud pit 104, and the mud is sequentially precipitated through a plurality of mud pits and then flows back into the pile hole 100 through a flow passage 108 through a last mud pit 109;
a reinforcement cage and a pouring guide pipe for pouring concrete into the pile hole to form a rock-socketed pouring pile are arranged in the pile hole, the top of the pouring guide pipe 202 is connected with a mud pipe 204, the mud pipe 204 is communicated to a sedimentation tank 200, and the sedimentation tank 200 is communicated with the pile hole 100; an air supply pipe 203 is arranged in the perfusion conduit 202, the lower end of the air supply pipe 203 extends to the lower part of the conduit, and the upper end of the air supply pipe 203 is communicated with an air compressor 201; after the lower part of the filling conduit 202 is in place, air lift reverse circulation hole cleaning is carried out, air is supplied to the bottom of the filling conduit 202 by the air compressor 201 through the air supply pipe 203, the slurry heterozygous sediments at the bottom of the pile hole 100 rise from bottom to top through the filling conduit 202 and are discharged into the sedimentation tank 200 through the slurry pipe 204, the sediments are settled in the sedimentation tank 200, and the slurry flows back into the pile hole 100.
The pile-forming construction equipment for the large-diameter rock-socketed cast-in-place pile with the ultra-thick covering layer has the following advantages:
1) the mud wall protection effect is good, drilling is carried out by adopting a full-hydraulic reverse circulation drilling machine, slurry is naturally made by utilizing clay particles in the covering layer, fine particles in the covering layer and clay particle components in the mud are extruded into the hole wall, so that mud skin with stable performance is formed, the wall protection effect is good, and an ultra-long protection cylinder is not required to be arranged at the hole opening;
2) the slag discharging efficiency is high, the reverse circulation hole cleaning is realized by adopting the pump of the sand pump 103, the upward returning speed of the drilling slag from the circulation hole in the drill rod 101 is high, the drilling slag carrying capacity is strong, the drilling slag can be quickly discharged out of the pile hole 100, the slag discharging efficiency is high, and the drilling speed is high;
3) the rock stratum drilling capacity is strong, and full-hydraulic reverse circulation rig has the hydraulic pressure effect of pressurizing, and the drill bit is drilled the rock stratum from radial, vertical two directions simultaneously, and broken rock ability is strong, and 100 full sections of stake hole are broken the rock and are crept into, need not hierarchical reaming, and stake hole 100 inlays the rock section pore-forming speed fast.
4) The reverse circulation hole cleaning effect is good, after the pile hole 100 is drilled to a set depth, the pump is continuously maintained to pump the reverse circulation hole cleaning, and the sediment at the bottom of the hole is cleaned once; after the steel reinforcement cage and the pouring guide pipe 202 are lowered, the hole is cleaned by adopting gas lift reverse circulation, the sediment thickness at the bottom of the pile hole 100 is controlled, and the construction quality of the pile foundation is ensured.
5) Green, the drill bit is creeping into the in-process, and the vibration is little, and the noise is low, and is little to the surrounding environment influence, and green is effectual.
The hydraulic frame comprises a longitudinal frame 701 and a horizontal frame 702 which is connected to the longitudinal frame 701 and moves up and down along the longitudinal frame 701, a power element 703 is connected to the horizontal frame 702, and when the drill bit drills, the horizontal frame 702 drives the power element 703 to move downwards for pressing. The horizontal frame 702 is utilized to drive the power element 703 to move downwards, and hydraulic pressure is applied, so that the drilling of the drill bit is smoother, and the drilling capability is stronger.
A bottom steel plate 800 is laid on the construction site, an upper steel plate 803 is laid on the bottom steel plate 800, and a base is arranged on the upper steel plate 803; the edge of the base steel plate 800 is provided with a plurality of tip pins 801 inserted downward in the construction site, and the plurality of tip pins 801 are arranged around the outer circumference of the base steel plate 800 at intervals. Thus, by utilizing the bottom supporting function of the bottom steel plate 800, the problem of sinking or dislocation of the full-hydraulic reverse circulation drilling machine can be solved in the drilling process.
The upper steel plate 803 is directly laid on the bottom steel plate 800, the position stability is better, and the bottom steel plate 800 is inserted into the construction site through the tip pins 801, so that the bottom steel plate 800 is more stable.
The edge of the bottom steel plate 800 is provided with a plurality of upwardly convex edge protrusions 802, the plurality of edge protrusions 802 are arranged around the periphery of the bottom steel plate 800 at intervals, and the edge protrusions 802 abut against the edge of the upper steel plate 803. Thus, the dislocation between the upper steel plate 803 and the bottom steel plate 800 can be avoided, so that the connection between the upper steel plate 803 and the bottom steel plate 800 is stable.
The upper steel plate 803 is recessed with a plurality of recessed locations 804, the bottom of the machine base 700 extends upward with a plurality of hydraulic feet, and the plurality of hydraulic feet are respectively embedded in the plurality of recessed locations 804. The base 700 can be stably arranged on the upper steel plate 803, and the phenomenon that the base inclines and runs during the drilling process is avoided.
Naturally, before a full-hydraulic reverse circulation drilling machine is used for drilling a pile hole, a pile casing is buried in a pile position of a covering layer; and (3) pouring concrete into the pile hole 100 through the pouring guide pipe 202 until the concrete reaches the top of the pile hole 100, pulling out the pouring guide pipe 202 before the concrete is initially set, and solidifying the concrete to form the rock-socketed cast-in-place pile.
The plurality of drill bits comprise single belt drill bits for drilling in soft soil layers and clay layers;
the single-waistband drill comprises a first central rod 300, wherein a single first waist ring 301 is encircled at the upper part of the first central rod 300, a plurality of first toothed plates 303 are encircled at the lower part of the first central rod 300, and a plurality of guide plates 302 are encircled at the middle part of the first central rod 300;
along the direction from bottom to top, the first truncated tooth plate 303 is obliquely arranged upwards, a plurality of first truncated teeth 304 are arranged at the bottom of the first truncated tooth plate 303, the outer end of the first truncated tooth plate 303 and the periphery of the first waist ring 301 are arranged in a vertically flush manner, and the guide plate 302 is arranged between the first waist ring 301 and the first truncated tooth plate 303;
the bottom of the first center rod 300 is provided with a plurality of first inclined plates 305, the upper ends of the first inclined plates 305 are connected to the bottom of the first center rod 300, the upper ends of the plurality of first inclined plates 305 are arranged around the periphery of the first center rod 300, the lower ends of the plurality of first inclined plates 305 are connected in a gathering manner to form a first tip end, and the bottom of the first inclined plates 305 is provided with first cutting teeth 306.
The single-belt drill bit is adopted for drilling, the rotation resistance is small, the slag gathering, slag discharging and cutting performances are good, and the drilling speed is high; the plurality of guide plates 302 effectively control the verticality during drilling.
The plurality of drill bits comprises a double girdle drill bit for drilling in a sand layer;
the double-waistband drill comprises a second central rod 400, wherein two second waist rings 401 are arranged at the upper part of the second central rod 400 in a surrounding manner, the two second waist rings 401 are arranged at intervals up and down along the axial direction of the second central rod 400, and a plurality of second toothed plates 403 are arranged at the lower part of the second central rod 400 in a surrounding manner;
along the direction from bottom to top, the second tooth cutting plate 403 is obliquely arranged upwards, a plurality of second cutting teeth 404 are arranged at the bottom of the second tooth cutting plate 403, and the outer end of the second tooth cutting plate 403 and the periphery of the second waist ring 401 are arranged in a vertically flush manner; the bottom of the second center rod 400 is provided with a plurality of second inclined plates 405, the upper ends of the second inclined plates 405 are connected to the bottom of the second center rod 400, the upper ends of the second inclined plates 405 are arranged around the periphery of the second center rod 400, the lower ends of the second inclined plates 405 are connected in a gathering manner to form a second tip, and the bottom of the second inclined plates 405 is provided with second cutting teeth 406.
When the drill bit drills in a sandy soil layer, the drill bit is easy to collapse and soften when meeting water, and in order to control drilling verticality, the drill bit with double belts is adopted for drilling.
A plurality of the drill bits comprise roller cutter drill bits for drilling into a formation;
the hob drill comprises a drill cylinder body 501, a plurality of convex blocks 502 are convexly arranged at the bottom of the drill cylinder body 501, a shaft rod is arranged on the convex blocks 502, the axial direction of the shaft rod is arranged in the same direction as the radial direction of the drill cylinder body 501, a hob head 503 is sleeved outside the shaft rod, and a plurality of drill cutters are arranged on the outer surface of the hob head 503;
when the hob head drills into the rock formation, the drill pipe 101 drives the drill barrel 501 to rotate, and the hob head 503 rotates around the shaft to cut the rock formation with the drill.
The rear end of the hob drill bit adopts an annular alloy steel counterweight with the diameter of the designed aperture, the front end of the hob drill bit is provided with a black alloy carbon steel alloy hob head 503, and the front end of the hob drill bit is provided with 8-12 hob heads 503; the number of the hob heads 503 is adjusted according to the compressive strength of the bedrock, and the number of the hob heads 503 takes a small value when drilling in a rock stratum with high compressive strength.
Rock stratum is continuously stripped from mother rock under the shearing and stretching actions of the hob to form uniform rock residues with the particle size of about 2cm, and slurry in the pumping reverse circulation hole cleaning process is carried and discharged out of the pile hole 100.
When the hob drill bit drills, a first-gear hydraulic pressure pressurizing drilling mode is adopted, the sand pump 103 is started to the maximum flow, the drilling speed of the hob drill bit is controlled not to exceed 1r/min, the footage per hour is 0.2-0.6 m, and the bit pressure is controlled to be 120-240 KN.
And after the pile hole 100 is finished, pumping reverse circulation hole cleaning is continuously carried out, so that the problem that secondary hole cleaning is difficult due to excessive sediment of drilling slag is avoided. After the drill bit stops advancing, the drill bit is lifted by 30-50 cm, normal circulation of slurry is kept, the slurry at the bottom of a drilled hole carries sediment at the bottom of the hole, the sediment is pumped by a sand pump 103 and rises to a circulating pipe 102 from a circulating hole of a drill rod 101 to be discharged, the slurry with better performance after being precipitated by a multistage slurry pond automatically flows into a pile hole 100, the liquid level of the pile hole 100 is supplemented, and pump suction reverse circulation hole cleaning is formed, so that the purpose of cleaning the hole at one time is achieved.
The construction site is provided with three stages of mud ponds, a first mud baffle plate 105 is arranged between the first mud pond 104 and the middle mud pond 106, and a second mud baffle plate 107 is arranged between the middle mud pond 106 and the last mud pond 109;
the top of the first mud baffle 105 and the top of the second mud baffle 107 are respectively arranged lower than the top of the mud pit, and the top of the first mud baffle 105 is higher than the top of the second mud baffle 107; the first slurry separation plate 105 is provided with a first filtering hole, the second slurry separation plate 107 is provided with a second filtering hole, and the aperture of the first filtering hole is larger than that of the second filtering hole.
In the clear hole of pump suction reverse circulation, mud and sediment in the stake hole 100 pass through sand and stone pump 103 together, inhale the fore mud pond 104 in, because in the mud of inhaling out, the sediment has not yet settled in the mud, at this moment, highly setting up first mud baffle 105 is higher, avoids excessive sediment to flow to the mud pond 106 in the middle, and can cushion mud and flow in proper order in fore mud pond 104 and the mud pond 106 in the middle, and the most sediment of being convenient for is depositd in fore mud pond 104.
After the mud enters the middle mud pit 106, because the stirring ratio of the mud is smaller, at this time, the second mud baffle plate 107 does not need to be set too high, and can be shorter than the first mud baffle plate 105, so that the mud is accelerated to flow into the last mud pit 109, and then the mud is accelerated to flow back into the pile hole 100.
Set up first filtration hole in the first mud baffle 105, can carry out coarse filtration to the sediment in the mud, set up the second in the second mud baffle 107 and filter the hole, can carry out fine filtration to the sediment in the mud, through the filtration in proper order in first filtration hole and second filtration hole, can block in the sediment continues to flow into stake hole 100, and can accelerate the rapid flow and the filtration of mud between a plurality of mud ponds.
The top of the pile casing is provided with a notch which is sunken downwards, the notch is communicated with the flow channel 108, and the bottom of the notch is higher than the bottom of the flow channel 108, so that the mud in the mud pool 109 at the end position can conveniently flow into the pile hole 100 through the notch through the flow channel 108, the bottom of the notch is higher than the bottom of the flow channel 108, and the sediment in the mud can be further precipitated between the flow channel 108 and the notch.
The top of the perfusion conduit 202 is connected with an elbow pipe 205, and the mud pipe 204 is communicated with the elbow pipe 205; the elbow pipe 205 has a bending section, the bending section is provided with a connecting pipe 207, the lower end of the connecting pipe 207 extends into the filling guide pipe 202, the upper end of the connecting pipe 207 extends out of the bending section, the upper end of the blast pipe 203 is connected with the lower end of the connecting pipe 207, and the upper end of the connecting pipe 207 is connected with the air compressor 201 through a rubber pipe 206.
The elbow pipe 205 is arranged to facilitate the connection between the perfusion conduit 202 and the mud pipe 204, and to horizontally guide and input the mud sucked from the bottom up into the mud pipe 204, and the connecting pipe 207 is arranged to facilitate the arrangement of the air supply pipe 203 when the elbow pipe 205 is installed on the perfusion conduit 202.
In this embodiment, a silencing tube 600 is disposed between the sedimentation tank 200 and the slurry pipe 204, a cavity is disposed in the silencing tube 600, one end of the slurry pipe 204 is connected to the connection pipe 207, the other end of the slurry pipe 204 is inserted into the silencing tube 600, a slurry inlet is disposed on the sidewall of the silencing tube 600, and the other end of the slurry pipe 204 is inserted into the slurry inlet.
The lateral wall of the silencing tube 600 is provided with a plurality of slurry outlet holes, the slurry outlet holes are connected with slurry outlet pipes 602, and the slurry outlet pipes 602 extend into the sedimentation tank 200, so that slurry passing through the slurry pipes 204 enters the accommodating cavities of the silencing tube 600 and is discharged into the sedimentation tank 200 through the slurry outlet holes via the slurry outlet pipes 602.
In this embodiment, the slurry outlet and the slurry inlet are arranged opposite to each other, and the slurry outlet is located at the height of the slurry inlet, so that the slurry entering the silencing pot 600 can realize a height difference in the silencing pot 600 during the process that the slurry inlet flows to the slurry outlet, thereby achieving better silencing.
In addition, the slurry outlet pipe 204 has a soft section, which extends to the inside of the silencing tube 600, is placed inside the silencing tube 600, and naturally hangs down, so that the flow of slurry can be buffered, and the silencing effect is achieved.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The full-hydraulic reverse circulation drilling machine comprises a machine base arranged on the construction site, a drill rod and a plurality of drill bits which are replaced and connected to the bottom of the drill rod, a hydraulic frame for pressurizing the drill rod downwards is arranged on the machine base, a power element for driving the drill rod to rotate is arranged on the hydraulic frame, a circulating hole which is communicated up and down is formed in the drill rod, and the power element drives the drill rod to rotate to drive the drill bits to drill through the covering layer and drill into a rock stratum to form pile holes;
the mud pit at the head is communicated with the top of the circulation hole through a circulation pipe, the circulation pipe is connected with a sand pump, the sand pump is arranged in the mud pit at the head, and the mud pit at the tail is communicated with the inside of the protective cylinder through a flow passage; when the drill bit drills, a sand pump is started to pump, reversely circulate and clean the hole, mud at the bottom of the pile hole enters a circulating pipe from bottom to top through the circulating hole and is injected into a first mud pit, and the mud is sequentially precipitated through a plurality of stages of mud pits and then flows back into the pile hole through a flow channel through a last mud pit;
a reinforcement cage and a pouring guide pipe for pouring concrete into the pile hole to form a rock-socketed pouring pile are arranged in the pile hole, the top of the pouring guide pipe is connected with a mud pipe, the mud pipe is communicated to a sedimentation tank, and the sedimentation tank is communicated with the pile hole; an air supply pipe is arranged in the perfusion guide pipe, the lower end of the air supply pipe extends to the lower part of the guide pipe, and the upper end of the air supply pipe is communicated with an air compressor; after the lower part of the filling guide pipe is in place, starting an air compressor to perform air lift reverse circulation hole cleaning, supplying air to the bottom of the filling guide pipe by the air compressor through an air supply pipe, enabling the slurry heterozygous sediments at the bottom of the pile hole to ascend from bottom to top through the filling guide pipe and be discharged into a sedimentation tank through a slurry pipe, enabling the sediments to be settled in the sedimentation tank, and enabling the slurry to flow back into the pile hole.
2. The apparatus for piling and constructing a large-diameter cast-in-place pile with an ultra-thick covering layer as claimed in claim 1, wherein said hydraulic frame comprises a longitudinal frame and a horizontal frame connected to said longitudinal frame and moving up and down along said longitudinal frame, and said power member is connected to said horizontal frame, and when said drill bit drills, said horizontal frame drives said power member to move downward with pressure.
3. The pile-forming construction equipment for the large-diameter rock-socketed cast-in-place pile with the ultra-thick covering layer as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein a bottom steel plate is laid on the construction site, an upper steel plate is laid on the bottom steel plate, and the base is arranged on the upper steel plate; the edge of the bottom steel plate is provided with a plurality of pointed pins which are downwards inserted into a construction site, and the pointed pins are arranged at intervals and circularly along the periphery of the bottom steel plate.
4. The pile-forming construction equipment for the large-diameter cast-in-place pile with the ultra-thick covering layer as claimed in claim 3, wherein the edge of the bottom steel plate is provided with a plurality of edge protrusions protruding upwards, the plurality of edge protrusions are arranged around the periphery of the bottom steel plate at intervals, and the edge protrusions abut against the edge of the upper steel plate.
5. The pile-forming construction equipment for the large-diameter cast-in-place embedded rock pile with the ultra-thick covering layer as claimed in claim 4, wherein a plurality of concave locations are formed on the upper steel plate in a concave mode, a plurality of hydraulic feet are upwards extended from the bottom of the machine base, and the plurality of hydraulic feet are correspondingly embedded into the plurality of concave locations respectively.
6. The apparatus for pile-forming construction of an ultra-thick overburden large diameter rock-socketed cast-in-place pile as claimed in claim 3, wherein a plurality of said drills includes a single girdle drill for drilling in soft soil layers and clay layers;
the single-waistband drill comprises a first central rod, a single first waist ring is arranged on the upper portion of the first central rod in a surrounding mode, a plurality of first toothed plates are arranged on the lower portion of the first central rod in a surrounding mode, and a plurality of guide plates are arranged in the middle of the first central rod in a surrounding mode;
the first toothed cutting plate is obliquely arranged upwards along the direction from bottom to top, a plurality of first cutting teeth are arranged at the bottom of the first toothed cutting plate, the outer end of the first toothed cutting plate and the periphery of the first waist ring are arranged in a vertically flush manner, and the guide plate is arranged between the first waist ring and the first toothed cutting plate;
the bottom of first well core rod is equipped with a plurality of first hang plates, the upper end of first hang plate is connected the bottom of first well core rod, and is a plurality of the upper end of first hang plate is along the periphery of first well core rod is encircleed and is arranged, and is a plurality of the lower extreme of first hang plate collects and connects, forms first pointed end, the bottom of first hang plate is equipped with first cutting tooth.
7. The apparatus for pile-forming construction of an ultra-thick overburden large diameter rock-socketed cast-in-place pile as claimed in claim 3, wherein a plurality of said drills includes a double girdle drill for drilling into a sand layer;
the single-waistband drill bit comprises a second central rod, two second waist rings are arranged on the upper portion of the second central rod in a surrounding mode, the two second waist rings are arranged at intervals up and down along the axial direction of the second central rod, and a plurality of second toothed cutting plates are arranged on the lower portion of the second central rod in a surrounding mode;
the second cutting tooth plate is obliquely arranged upwards along the direction from bottom to top, a plurality of second cutting teeth are arranged at the bottom of the second cutting tooth plate, and the outer end of the second cutting tooth plate and the periphery of the second waist ring are arranged in a vertically flush manner;
the bottom of the second center rod is provided with a plurality of second inclined plates, the upper ends of the second inclined plates are connected to the bottom of the second center rod, the upper ends of the second inclined plates are arranged along the periphery of the second center rod in a surrounding mode, the lower ends of the second inclined plates are connected in a gathering mode to form a second tip, and second cutting teeth are arranged at the bottom of the second inclined plates.
8. The apparatus for pile-forming construction of an ultra-thick overburden large diameter rock-socketed pile as recited in claim 3, wherein a plurality of said drill bits comprise a roller cutter drill bit for drilling into a rock formation;
the hobbing cutter drill bit comprises a drilling barrel body, a plurality of convex blocks are convexly arranged at the bottom of the drilling barrel body, a shaft lever is arranged on each convex block, the axial direction of the shaft lever and the radial direction of the drilling barrel body are arranged in the same direction, a hobbing cutter head is sleeved outside the shaft lever, and a plurality of drilling cutters are arranged on the outer surface of the hobbing cutter head.
9. The pile-forming construction equipment for the large-diameter rock-socketed cast-in-place pile with the ultra-thick covering layer as claimed in claim 3, wherein a first slurry partition plate is arranged between the first slurry pond and the middle slurry pond, and a second slurry partition plate is arranged between the middle slurry pond and the last slurry pond;
the top of the first slurry partition plate and the top of the second slurry partition plate are respectively arranged lower than the top of the slurry pool, and the top of the first slurry partition plate is higher than the top of the second slurry partition plate; the first slurry partition plate is provided with a first filtering hole, the second slurry partition plate is provided with a second filtering hole, and the aperture of the first filtering hole is larger than that of the second filtering hole.
10. The pile-forming construction equipment for the large-diameter rock-socketed cast-in-place pile with the ultra-thick covering layer as claimed in claim 3, wherein an elbow pipe is connected to the top of the cast-in-place conduit, and the mud pipe is communicated with the elbow pipe; the elbow pipe has the bending section, the bending section is equipped with the connecting pipe, the lower extreme of connecting pipe extends to in the filling pipe, outside the upper end of connecting pipe extended to the bending section, the upper end of blast pipe is connected with the lower extreme of connecting pipe, the upper end of connecting pipe is passed through the rubber tube and is connected with the air compressor machine.
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| CN202110831698.1A CN113638706A (en) | 2021-07-22 | 2021-07-22 | Pile-forming construction equipment for large-diameter rock-socketed cast-in-place pile with super-thick covering layer |
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| CN202110831698.1A CN113638706A (en) | 2021-07-22 | 2021-07-22 | Pile-forming construction equipment for large-diameter rock-socketed cast-in-place pile with super-thick covering layer |
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| CN202110831698.1A Pending CN113638706A (en) | 2021-07-22 | 2021-07-22 | Pile-forming construction equipment for large-diameter rock-socketed cast-in-place pile with super-thick covering layer |
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| CN114482036A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-05-13 | 中铁四局集团有限公司 | A restraint and contract and revolve to wrap up in package formula intelligent device for repairing increase column pile ductility |
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