CN113637863A - Manganese additive for aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Manganese additive for aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113637863A CN113637863A CN202110942403.8A CN202110942403A CN113637863A CN 113637863 A CN113637863 A CN 113637863A CN 202110942403 A CN202110942403 A CN 202110942403A CN 113637863 A CN113637863 A CN 113637863A
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- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 26
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetamide Chemical compound CC(N)=O DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910001610 cryolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- IOXPXHVBWFDRGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hept-6-enal Chemical compound C=CCCCCC=O IOXPXHVBWFDRGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- RGPUVZXXZFNFBF-UHFFFAOYSA-K diphosphonooxyalumanyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Al+3].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O RGPUVZXXZFNFBF-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000207836 Olea <angiosperm> Species 0.000 claims 1
- -1 aluminum-manganese Chemical compound 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 36
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 36
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 28
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000007817 Olea europaea Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000274 aluminium melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001165 hydrophobic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- JTDPJYXDDYUJBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinoline-2-carbohydrazide Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=NC(C(=O)NN)=CC=C21 JTDPJYXDDYUJBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal alloy preparation by using a smelting method, and discloses a manganese additive for an aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof, wherein the manganese additive for the aluminum alloy comprises the following raw materials, by mass, 90-96 parts of manganese powder, 2.72-8.72 parts of aluminum powder, 0.68 part of sodium hexafluoroaluminate, 0.35 part of acetamide, and 0.25 part of aluminum dihydrogen phosphate; the preparation method of the manganese additive for the aluminum alloy comprises the following steps of firstly crushing aluminum metal and manganese metal, and proportioning aluminum powder and manganese powder according to the requirement of granularity; then evenly mixing aluminum powder, manganese powder, acetamide and aluminum dihydrogen phosphate to obtain mixed powder; preparing a sodium hexafluoroaluminate solution according to the mass percent of 0.5-2%; and spraying sodium hexafluoroaluminate solution into the mixed powder, and uniformly mixing to obtain a primary material; and finally, pressing and forming the primary material to form the columnar or olive-shaped manganese additive particles. The manganese additive for the aluminum alloy can be prepared at low temperature.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal alloy preparation by using a smelting method, and particularly relates to a manganese additive for an aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Aluminum alloys are the most widely used class of non-ferrous structural materials in industry and have found a number of applications in the aerospace, automotive, mechanical manufacturing, marine and chemical industries. With the rapid development of industrial economy, the requirements on aluminum alloys are also higher and higher. To meet increasingly stringent service requirements, metal components are often added to increase the composition of alloying elements in aluminum alloy products. The common alloy elements of the aluminum alloy comprise silicon, iron, copper, magnesium, nickel, zinc, vanadium and the like, and when the aluminum alloy is prepared, the alloy elements with lower melting points (such as magnesium, copper and the like) can be directly added into the aluminum melt, are melted at high temperature of the aluminum melt and are uniformly dispersed in the aluminum melt, so that the aluminum alloy is conveniently prepared. However, since some alloying elements with higher melting points (such as iron and nickel) have higher melting points than aluminum, and the difference is large, if the alloying elements are directly added into the aluminum melt, the alloying elements cannot be melted and cannot be uniformly dispersed in the aluminum melt, and in order to uniformly disperse the alloying elements in the aluminum melt, the temperature of the melting furnace needs to be over 1000 ℃ to melt the alloying elements. The melting point of aluminum is only 660 ℃, and the high temperature can gasify the aluminum melt, thereby generating burning loss. Meanwhile, in the process, the un-gasified aluminum liquid is easy to react with surrounding oxygen, hydrogen, water and the like at high temperature to form impurities which are difficult to remove, so that the purity of the formed aluminum alloy is low, and the mechanical property of the aluminum alloy cannot meet the use requirement.
At present, in order to solve the above problems, when an alloy element with a high melting point is doped, an additive is usually added, and the temperature required in the melting process of the alloy element is reduced by introducing an intermediate alloy. The commonly used additives of the aluminum alloy are chromium additives, manganese additives, iron additives and the like, but because the melting points of chromium, manganese and iron in the raw materials are higher, the preparation still needs higher temperature (the current lowest temperature is 720 ℃), the energy consumption is relatively higher, and impurities are easily formed in the process, so that the purity of the prepared additives is low.
In order to solve the technical problems, the inventor develops a manganese additive which can be prepared at a low temperature, reduces energy consumption and burning loss and improves purity.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a manganese additive for aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof, which can complete the preparation of the manganese additive at low temperature.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme, which comprises the following raw materials, by mass, 90-96 parts of manganese powder, 2.72-8.72 parts of aluminum powder, 0.68 part of sodium hexafluoroaluminate, 0.35 part of acetamide and 0.25 part of aluminum dihydrogen phosphate.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows:
1. the manganese additive for the aluminum alloy provided by the technical scheme can complete the preparation of the aluminum alloy at the melting temperature of 690 ℃ for 5min, and achieves the effects of low energy consumption and short-time preparation; and the yield of manganese in the prepared aluminum alloy can reach 100 percent, which shows that even if the melting temperature of manganese is not reached (1244 ℃), the manganese can be uniformly dispersed, the uniformity of chromium in the prepared aluminum alloy is improved, and the aluminum alloy keeps better performance.
2. According to the technical scheme, sodium hexafluoroaluminate is used as a surfactant, acetamide and aluminum dihydrogen phosphate are used as fluxing agents, and when the aluminum alloy is prepared, the manganese additive can be rapidly dispersed in an aluminum melt and is in a suspension state, so that the manganese additive cannot sink; in the melting process, the manganese additive floats up and down in the aluminum melt, so that the melting speed is increased, the melting time is greatly shortened, the energy consumption can be reduced, and the cost is saved. And the manganese additive floats up and down in the aluminum melt, so that the manganese can be more uniformly dispersed in the aluminum melt after being melted.
3. Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is used as a surfactant, so that hydrophobic groups on the surface of the surfactant can polymerize the surface of metal powder together, the chance of contact of the metal powder and oxygen is reduced, the probability of forming an oxide film by manganese and aluminum is further reduced, the generation of impurities is reduced, and the purity is improved.
4. The manganese content in the additive is high, and when the additive is used as an intermediate metal element for preparing the aluminum alloy, a small amount of the additive can be added to achieve the effect, so that the consumption of raw materials is reduced.
In conclusion, experiments prove that the manganese additive provided by the technical scheme can complete the preparation of the aluminum alloy at 690 ℃, and has the advantages of low melting temperature, low energy consumption and low cost in preparation; and the yield of the manganese powder can reach 100 percent within 5 min. Therefore, the technical scheme can complete the preparation of the aluminum alloy at low temperature in a short time, can reduce the energy source effect, greatly reduces the production cost and improves the production efficiency.
Further, the manganese powder comprises 95% of particles with the particle size of 500-800 meshes and 5% of particles with the particle size of more than 800 meshes.
Has the advantages that: generally, manganese powder having small particles is arranged to increase the melting efficiency, but the powder has small particles and a large surface tension, and therefore, the powder is rapidly oxidized, and impurities are generated. According to the technical scheme, the particle size of the manganese powder is configured, so that the oxidation of the manganese powder can be reduced, and the melting speed is high.
Meanwhile, by configuring the particles of the manganese powder, the small particles can quickly heat up and absorb heat when the manganese additive is used, and can quickly melt, so that energy is transferred to the coarse particles, the coarse particles start to melt, the mixing uniformity is higher, and the good performance of the prepared aluminum alloy can be ensured.
Further, the aluminum powder comprises 95% of particles with the particle size of 500-800 meshes and 5% of particles with the particle size of more than 800 meshes.
Has the advantages that: in order to increase the melting efficiency, aluminum powder having small particles is arranged, but the surface tension is large due to the small particles of the powder, so that rapid oxidation occurs, and impurities occur. According to the technical scheme, the particle size of the aluminum powder is configured, so that the oxidation of the aluminum powder can be reduced, and the melting speed is high.
Furthermore, the columnar structure is 25mm in diameter and 3-5 mm high.
Has the advantages that: experiments prove that the columnar manganese additive has better effect when used for preparing the aluminum alloy.
Further, it was olive-shaped with 15 × 10 × 3 mm.
Has the advantages that: experiments prove that the olive-shaped manganese additive has better effect when used for preparing the aluminum alloy
Further, the density is 5.7 to 6.2g/cm3。
Has the advantages that: experiments prove that the manganese additive with the density has better effect when used for preparing the aluminum alloy. Through the setting to the density of manganese additive, can control the effort between each element of manganese additive to when making the use, each element can be even dispersion in the aluminium melt, improve the degree of consistency of the aluminum alloy of preparation, and then ensure the performance preferred of aluminum alloy.
The invention also provides another technical scheme, and the preparation method of the manganese additive for the aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
step 1, crushing aluminum metal and manganese metal, and proportioning aluminum powder and manganese powder according to the requirement of granularity;
step 2, uniformly mixing aluminum powder, manganese powder, acetamide and aluminum dihydrogen phosphate to obtain mixed powder;
step 3, preparing a sodium hexafluoroaluminate solution according to the mass percentage of 0.5-2%;
step 4, spraying sodium hexafluoroaluminate solution into the mixed powder, and uniformly mixing to obtain a primary material;
and 5, pressing and forming the primary material to form the columnar or olive-shaped manganese additive particles.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows:
the manganese additive is prepared step by step, so that the materials can be uniformly mixed and dispersed, and the effect of the prepared manganese additive is improved. Meanwhile, the surfactant sodium hexafluoroaluminate is prepared into a solution, and the solution is sprayed into the mixed powder, so that the full mixing can be realized, and the prepared manganese additive has good effect.
Further, in step 1, the raw material is pulverized under the protection of inert gas.
Has the advantages that: the crushing is carried out under the protection of inert gas, so that the oxidation of manganese and aluminum in the crushing process can be avoided, the generation of impurities is reduced, and the purity of the prepared manganese additive is improved.
Further, in step 2, the raw materials are mixed under the protection of an inert gas.
Has the advantages that: can reduce the oxidation of manganese and aluminum in the mixing process, further reduce impurities and improve the purity of the prepared manganese additive.
Further, in step 4, the raw materials are uniformly mixed in an air-isolated environment to obtain a primary material.
Has the advantages that: air isolation can avoid the oxidation of manganese and aluminum, reduce the generation of impurities and further improve the purity of the prepared manganese additive.
At present, the principle of using the manganese additive is to reduce the melting point of alloy elements added in the preparation process of the aluminum alloy, so that the aluminum and the alloy elements can be fully and uniformly mixed, and various properties of the prepared aluminum alloy can be improved.
The technical principle of the method is that in the process of preparing the aluminum alloy, the manganese additive is added, and the melting point of the added alloy element can be reduced by utilizing the auxiliary action of the manganese additive, so that the melting and the sufficient mixing of the alloy and the alloy element can be completed in a short time at a lower temperature, and experiments prove that the melting and the sufficient and uniform mixing of the aluminum and the alloy element can be completed within 5min at the melting temperature of 690 ℃, so that the energy consumption of preparation can be reduced while various performances of the prepared aluminum alloy are ensured to be good.
In general, when the melting temperature is increased to a higher temperature, the energy consumption is increased by 1 ℃ by times; and the time required for melting is also an important factor in controlling energy consumption and cost. In the existing aluminum alloy preparation, on the premise of realizing full and uniform mixing of aluminum and alloy elements, the minimum temperature which can be reached is 720 ℃, and the time required for melting is 10 min. The manganese additive provided by the invention can greatly reduce the melting temperature, so that the energy consumption for preparing the aluminum alloy is greatly reduced.
Because the melting point of the manganese element in the manganese additive is 1244 ℃, in order to ensure that manganese is fully melted in the aluminum alloy and mixed in the aluminum alloy, the melting temperature is increased at present, and in this way, firstly, the aluminum is continuously subjected to higher temperature after being melted, and then the aluminum is gasified, so that the burning loss is caused, and the resource waste is caused. And the energy consumption required for reaching the melting temperature of the manganese element is very high.
The manganese additive in the technical scheme is added during the preparation of the aluminum alloy, and the manganese additive is kept in a certain density range, so that the manganese additive is in a suspension state and cannot rapidly sink in the whole preparation process. And the manganese additive can float in the aluminum melt, so that alloy elements of all parts can be promoted to be quickly melted, and the mixing uniformity is improved. Experiments prove that after the aluminum alloy is prepared, the whole melting temperature does not reach the melting temperature of manganese, but the yield of manganese element can reach 100%, which indicates that the manganese and the aluminum alloy can be fully mixed, and further, various performances of the aluminum alloy are improved.
In conclusion, the manganese additive provided by the invention can assist in realizing the complete mixing of all elements in a short time (5min) at a low temperature (690 ℃) in the process of preparing the aluminum alloy, and can realize the complete mixing of the manganese element in the aluminum alloy when the melting point of the manganese element in the manganese additive is not reached, so that the uniformity of all parts of the aluminum alloy is high, and all properties are good.
Detailed Description
The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:
the manganese additive for the aluminum alloy comprises, by mass, 90-96 parts of manganese powder, 2.72-8.72 parts of aluminum powder, 0.68 part of sodium hexafluoroaluminate, 0.35 part of acetamide and 0.25 part of aluminum dihydrogen phosphate. Wherein the proportion of the manganese powder to the aluminum powder comprises 95 percent of particles with the particle size of 500-800 meshes and 5 percent of particles with the particle size of more than 800 meshes. The manganese additive is in a shape of a column with a diameter of 25mm and a height of 3-5 mm or an olive shape with a diameter of 15 x 10 x 3mm, and the density of the manganese additive is 5.7-6.2 g/cm3。
A preparation method of a manganese additive of an aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
step 1, respectively crushing manganese powder and aluminum powder under the protection of inert gas, and respectively screening the aluminum powder and the manganese powder with the particle size of 500-800 meshes and the aluminum powder and the manganese powder with the particle size of more than 800 meshes for later use.
And 2, weighing aluminum powder, manganese powder, acetamide and aluminum dihydrogen phosphate according to the requirement of the mixture ratio, uniformly mixing under the protection of inert gas, and mixing for 2min at the rotating speed of 20-30 rmp/min to obtain mixed powder for later use.
And 3, weighing sodium hexafluoroaluminate according to the proportion, and preparing a sodium hexafluoroaluminate solution according to the mass percentage of 0.5-2%.
And 4, uniformly spraying the prepared sodium hexafluoro-silicate solution into the mixed powder, and mixing the materials for 20min at a rotating speed of 20-30 rmp/min to uniformly mix the materials to obtain a primary material.
And 5, performing compression molding on the primary material by using a metal powder spherical compression molding machine, wherein during compression molding, the manganese additive of the aluminum alloy with the linear pressure of 10Mpa is formed into a columnar shape with the diameter of 25mm and the height of 3-5 mm or an olive shape with the height of 15 x 10 x 3mm after compression, and the density of the manganese additive of the prepared aluminum alloy is 5.7-6.2 g/cm3。
The parameters of examples 1 to 5 are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
Experiment:
the experimental comparative examples were selected as 5-up comparative example sets, where the parameters of comparative examples 1-4 are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
Comparative examples 1 to 4 differ from example 1 only in the parameters shown in table 2.
Comparative example 5: the Chinese patent with the application number of 201510541472.2 discloses a high-manganese metal additive for producing aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof.
Experiment 1:
melting experiments were performed on 10 of each of the manganese additives of the aluminum alloys provided in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 5. During experiments, the manganese additive is respectively placed into aluminum liquid melting furnaces of a graphite crucible, the molten liquid in each aluminum liquid melting furnace is sampled at different time periods, after the sampled molten liquid is cooled to be solid, acid (the used acid is mixed by concentrated nitric acid and hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 50 percent, the volume ratio of the concentrated nitric acid to the hydrochloric acid is 1:1) is used for melting, and an ICP detector is used for measuring the content of manganese in the molten liquid, so that the average yield of manganese in the manganese embodiment is obtained.
Yield of manganese: the ratio of the mass of the manganese powder dissolved in the aluminum melt to the total mass of the manganese powder in the additive.
The results of the above experiments at 680 ℃, 690 ℃ and 700 ℃ are shown in tables 3, 4 and 5, respectively.
Table 3 (experiment temperature 680 deg.C)
Table 4 (Experimental temperature 690 deg.C)
Table 5 (experiment temperature 700 ℃ C.)
The experiments show that when the manganese additive of the aluminum alloy is used for producing the aluminum alloy, the preparation of the aluminum alloy can be completed under the condition of 690 ℃, and the manganese element in the manganese additive can be uniformly dispersed in an aluminum melt even if the manganese element does not reach the melting temperature, so that the manganese yield of 100% is achieved, and the process can be completed in 5 min. The energy consumption of the preparation can be greatly reduced by completing uniform dispersion at low temperature in a short time.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these changes and modifications should not be construed as affecting the performance of the invention and its practical application.
Claims (10)
1. A manganese additive for aluminum alloys, characterized by: the aluminum-manganese composite material comprises, by mass, 90-96 parts of manganese powder, 2.72-8.72 parts of aluminum powder, 0.68 part of sodium hexafluoroaluminate, 0.35 part of acetamide and 0.25 part of aluminum dihydrogen phosphate.
2. The manganese additive for aluminum alloys according to claim 1, characterized in that: the manganese powder comprises 95% of particles with the particle size of 500-800 meshes and 5% of particles with the particle size of more than 800 meshes.
3. The manganese additive for aluminum alloys according to claim 2, characterized in that: the aluminum powder comprises 95% of particles with the particle size of 500-800 meshes and 5% of particles with the particle size of more than 800 meshes.
4. The manganese additive for aluminum alloys according to claim 3, wherein: is in a column shape with the diameter of 25mm and the height of 3-5 mm.
5. The manganese additive for aluminum alloys according to claim 3, wherein: in the form of 15 × 10 × 3mm olives.
6. The manganese additive for aluminum alloys according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the density is 5.7 to 6.2g/cm3。
7. The method of claim 6, comprising the steps of:
step 1, crushing aluminum metal and manganese metal, and proportioning aluminum powder and manganese powder according to the requirement of granularity;
step 2, uniformly mixing aluminum powder, manganese powder, acetamide and aluminum dihydrogen phosphate to obtain mixed powder;
step 3, preparing a sodium hexafluoroaluminate solution according to the mass percentage of 0.5-2%;
step 4, spraying sodium hexafluoroaluminate solution into the mixed powder, and uniformly mixing to obtain a primary material;
and 5, pressing and forming the primary material to form the columnar or olive-shaped manganese additive particles.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the manganese additive is selected from the group consisting of: in step 1, the raw materials are pulverized under the protection of inert gas.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the manganese additive is selected from the group consisting of: in step 2, the raw materials are mixed under the protection of inert gas.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the manganese additive is selected from the group consisting of: and 4, uniformly mixing the raw materials in an air-isolated environment to obtain a primary material.
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| CN202110942403.8A CN113637863A (en) | 2021-08-17 | 2021-08-17 | Manganese additive for aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
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| CN202110942403.8A CN113637863A (en) | 2021-08-17 | 2021-08-17 | Manganese additive for aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
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