CN113636747B - Glass heating furnace and glass heating method - Google Patents
Glass heating furnace and glass heating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113636747B CN113636747B CN202111072729.6A CN202111072729A CN113636747B CN 113636747 B CN113636747 B CN 113636747B CN 202111072729 A CN202111072729 A CN 202111072729A CN 113636747 B CN113636747 B CN 113636747B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B29/00—Reheating glass products for softening or fusing their surfaces; Fire-polishing; Fusing of margins
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B23/00—Re-forming shaped glass
- C03B23/02—Re-forming glass sheets
- C03B23/023—Re-forming glass sheets by bending
Abstract
The invention relates to a glass heating furnace and a glass heating method. Compared with the prior art, the upper convection heating element of the glass heating furnace can be lifted and lowered under the control of the convection heating lifting system, so that the blowing distance between the upper convection heating element and the glass surface can be adjusted according to different glass products and differences of process requirements, and when common glass is heated, the temperature difference between the surface temperature of the common glass when the common glass enters the furnace and the temperature difference between hot air in the heating furnace can be reduced by adjusting the distance between the upper convection heating element and the glass surface, and further the defects of edge warping and surface scalding of the common glass are avoided.
Description
Technical field:
the invention relates to the technical field of glass heating, in particular to a glass heating furnace and a glass heating method.
The background technology is as follows:
glass used in the construction and automotive industries is generally bent glass having various curvatures, which is obtained by bending and molding a flat glass after softening the flat glass by heating, and a heating furnace is required to heat the glass at a temperature higher than the normal temperature to a softening temperature during the production process. The traditional heating furnace is used for heating glass, and comprises the following specific steps: and conveying the glass from an inlet to an outlet of a heating furnace by using a conveying device, and carrying out radiation heating on the glass by using a heating furnace wire in the heating furnace body in the conveying process, so that the temperature of the glass is gradually increased to a softening temperature. Such conventional heating furnaces using only wire radiation heating can only be used for heating ordinary glass; in addition, one or more layers of metal, metal alloy and metal oxide thin layers are deposited on the surface of the coated glass, so that the functions of heat insulation, electric heating and the like are brought, and the metal thin layers, the metal alloy thin layers and the metal oxide thin layers have reflection effects on heat radiation, so that the heating time and the heating effect of the traditional heating furnace on the coated glass are long, and the actual production heating requirement of the coated glass cannot be met. In addition, there are heating furnaces using a hot air convection technique in the prior art, in which hot air in the furnace body is sucked and then re-sprayed to the surface of glass, so that the heat exchange efficiency between the surface of glass and the hot air is improved. However, when the heating furnace heats the common glass, the edge of the common glass is easy to warp and even the surface scald defect is generated due to the overlarge temperature difference between the surface temperature of the common glass when the common glass enters the furnace and the hot air.
With the increasing demand for product performance of coated glass, there are increasing metal thin layers, metal alloy thin layers and/or metal oxide thin layers in coated glass, such as double-silver coated glass (including two metal silver layers), triple-silver coated glass (including three metal silver layers), and quad-silver coated glass (including four metal silver layers), and it is difficult for the heating furnace in the prior art to reduce the temperature difference between the film surface temperature and the glass surface temperature of these coated glasses.
The invention comprises the following steps:
the invention aims to overcome the defects and provide a glass heating furnace and a glass heating method which can reduce the temperature difference between the surface temperature and hot air when common glass enters the furnace and the temperature difference between the two sides of coated glass.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the glass heating furnace comprises a furnace body and a conveying device, wherein the furnace body is provided with an inlet end, an outlet end, a furnace body top and a furnace body bottom, the conveying device is positioned between the furnace body top and the furnace body bottom, the conveying device is used for conveying glass from the inlet end to the outlet end, an upper radiation heating element and an upper convection heating element are arranged between the conveying device and the furnace body top, the upper convection heating element is positioned between the conveying device and the upper radiation heating element, the upper radiation heating element is used for carrying out radiation heating on the upper surface of the glass, the upper convection heating element is used for carrying out convection heating on the upper surface of the glass, and a lower radiation heating element is arranged between the conveying device and the furnace body bottom and used for carrying out radiation heating on the lower surface of the glass;
the heating furnace further comprises a convection heating lifting system, wherein the convection heating lifting system is used for controlling the upper convection heating element to vertically lift between the conveying device and the upper radiation heating element, and the difference between the upper surface temperature and the lower surface temperature of the glass at the outlet end is smaller than or equal to a set temperature difference value.
Compared with the prior art, the upper convection heating element of the glass heating furnace can perform lifting movement under the control of the convection heating lifting system, so that the blowing distance between the upper convection heating element and the glass surface can be adjusted according to different glass products and differences of process requirements, and when common glass is heated, the temperature difference between the surface temperature of the common glass when the common glass enters the furnace and the temperature difference between hot air in the heating furnace can be reduced by adjusting the distance between the upper convection heating element and the glass surface, and the defects of edge warping and surface scalding of the common glass are avoided; for coated glass, the glass heating furnace can adjust the position of the upper convection heating element according to the size of the glass and the surface coating condition, so that the temperature difference between the two sides of the coated glass can be reduced; and for complex multilayer coated glass, the distance between the upper convection heating element and the glass surface can be changed to solve the problem of difficult heating of the multilayer coated glass.
The glass heating method for heating glass by using the glass heating furnace comprises the following steps:
step one, acquiring a set temperature difference between the upper surface temperature and the lower surface temperature of glass at an outlet end;
controlling a preset distance between the upper convection heating element and the upper surface of the glass through a convection heating lifting system according to the set temperature difference;
placing at least one piece of glass on a conveying device, wherein the conveying device conveys the glass from an inlet end to an outlet end of a furnace body, an upper radiation heating element is used for carrying out radiation heating on the upper surface of the glass, an upper convection heating element is used for carrying out convection heating on the upper surface of the glass, and a lower radiation heating element is used for carrying out radiation heating on the lower surface of the glass;
measuring the upper surface temperature and the lower surface temperature of the glass at the outlet end to obtain the actual temperature difference between the upper surface temperature and the lower surface temperature;
step five, if the actual temperature difference is larger than the set temperature difference, adjusting the preset distance in the step two, and repeating the step three and the step four until the actual temperature difference is smaller than or equal to the set temperature difference;
if the actual temperature difference is less than or equal to the set temperature difference, the distance between the upper convection heating element and the upper surface of the glass is the set distance;
and step six, heating the glass according to the set distance in the step 5, so that the upper surface temperature and the lower surface temperature of the glass conveyed to the outlet end are both higher than 500 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the glass heating method can control the surface temperature in the glass heating process by adjusting the distance between the convection heating element and the glass surface, so that the actual temperature difference of the two surfaces of the glass can be lower than or equal to the set temperature difference.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a glass heating furnace according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a glass heating furnace according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a front windshield placed on a lower furnace;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a convection heating lift system;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a second region within the furnace body;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the upper convection heating element in the first region of the furnace;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the upper convection heating element in the second region of the oven body.
Description of the reference numerals:
1. a furnace body; 11. an inlet end; 12. an outlet end; 13. an upper furnace body; 14. a lower furnace body; 2. a transmission device; 3. an upper radiant heating element; 4. an upper convection heating element; 41. a preheating pipeline is arranged; 42. an upper exhaust line; 5. a lower radiant heating element; 6. a lower convection heating element; 61. a lower preheating pipeline; 62. a lower exhaust line; 7. a convection heating lifting system; 71. lifting the frame; 711. a lifting rod; 712. an upper frame; 713. a lower frame; 714. a fixing seat; 72. a power lifting motor; 73. lifting the spiral lifter; 731. a screw; 74. a transmission assembly; 741. a power shaft; 742. a power steering gear; 8. a top gas control system; 81. an upper air inlet pipeline; 82. an upper valve body; 9. a lower gas control system; 91. a lower air inlet pipeline; 92. and a lower valve body.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the glass heating furnace comprises a furnace body 1 and a transmission device 2, wherein the furnace body 1 is provided with an inlet end 11, an outlet end 12, a furnace body 1 top and a furnace body 1 bottom, the furnace body 1 is divided into an upper furnace body 13 and a lower furnace body 14, the furnace body 1 top is positioned at the top of the upper furnace body 13, the furnace body 1 bottom is positioned at the bottom of the lower furnace body 14, and the inlet end 11 and the outlet end 12 are positioned between the upper furnace body 13 and the lower furnace body 14;
as shown in fig. 3, the conveying device 2 is located between the top of the furnace body 1 and the bottom of the furnace body 1, and the conveying device 2 is used for conveying glass from the inlet end 11 to the outlet end 12, where the conveying device may be a ceramic conveying roller, a conveying ring, or the like;
as shown in fig. 1, an upper radiant heating element 3 and an upper convection heating element 4 are arranged between the transmission device 2 and the top of the furnace body 1, the upper convection heating element 4 is positioned between the transmission device 2 and the upper radiant heating element 3, the upper radiant heating element 3 is used for performing radiant heating on the upper surface of glass, the upper convection heating element 4 is used for performing convection heating on the upper surface of glass, a lower radiant heating element 5 is arranged between the transmission device 2 and the bottom of the furnace body 1, the lower radiant heating element 5 is used for performing radiant heating on the lower surface of glass, wherein the upper radiant heating element 3 can be a heating wire, a ceramic heating pipe, a heating rod or the like, and the lower radiant heating element 5 can be a heating wire, a ceramic heating pipe, a heating rod or the like;
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the heating furnace further includes a convection heating lifting system 7, where the convection heating lifting system 7 is used to control the upper convection heating element 4 to vertically lift between the conveying device 2 and the upper radiant heating element 3, and a difference between the upper surface temperature and the lower surface temperature of the glass at the outlet end 12 is less than or equal to a set temperature difference value, where the set temperature difference value ranges from 0 ℃ to 5 ℃. In a specific embodiment, when the glass heating furnace is used for heating the common glass, the temperature difference between the upper surface and the lower surface of the common glass is required to be in the range of 0-1 ℃, namely, the set temperature difference is 1 ℃; in another specific embodiment, the glass heating furnace is used for coating the single-layer glass, and the difference between the temperatures of the upper surface and the lower surface is required to be in the range of 0-2 ℃, namely the set temperature difference value is 2 ℃; in another embodiment, when a glass heating furnace is used to heat a double-layer coated glass or a coated glass having two or more layers, the difference between the temperatures of the upper surface and the lower surface is required to be in the range of 0 to 5 ℃, i.e., the set temperature difference is 5 ℃.
Further, a lower convection heating element 6 is provided between the conveyor 2 and the lower radiant heating element 5, the lower convection heating element 6 being adapted to convect the lower surface of the glass, the furnace further comprising a gas control system for supplying compressed air to the upper convection heating element 4 and the lower convection heating element 6.
As is apparent from the above description, the upper convection heating element 4 and the lower convection heating element 6 are heated by the upper radiation heating element 3 and the lower radiation heating element 5, respectively, in the furnace body 1, and the gas control system controls the ratio of the compressed gas to be introduced into the heated upper convection heating element 4 and the heated lower convection heating element 6, and heats the compressed gas to be approximately consistent with the temperature in the furnace body 1 during the flowing process of the upper convection heating element 4 and the lower convection heating element 6, and then sprays the heated compressed gas onto the glass surface for heating. And after the glass to be heated enters the furnace body 1, the glass can be transported forwards under the action of the conveying device 2, and meanwhile, the upper convection heating element 4 can vertically lift under the control of the convection heating lifting system 7, so that the upper convection heating element 4 and the glass surface are positioned at a proper heating distance according to the product characteristics of the glass to be heated. In addition, each or each group of upper convection heating elements 4 can be independently controlled to rise and fall through the convection heating lifting system 7, and the compressed gas in each or each group of upper convection heating elements 4 and the compressed gas in each or each group of lower convection heating elements 6 can be independently controlled to be on-off through the gas control system, so that each upper convection heating element 4 can work along with the movement of the glass, and the difference between the upper surface temperature and the lower surface temperature of the glass at the outlet end 12 is smaller than or equal to the set temperature difference value.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the device further comprises a gas control system, the gas control system comprises an upper gas control system 8 and a lower gas control system 9, the top of the upper furnace body 13 is provided with the upper gas control system 8 for introducing compressed gas into the upper convection heating element 4, the upper gas control system 8 comprises an upper air inlet pipeline 81 and an upper valve body 82 arranged on the upper air inlet pipeline 81, the upper air inlet pipeline 81 is communicated with the upper convection heating element 4 through the upper valve body 82, one upper valve body 82 can be simultaneously communicated with a plurality of upper convection heating elements 4 through a pipe fitting for diversion, and meanwhile, the condition that one upper valve body 82 is connected with one upper convection heating element 4 is not excluded, and the upper valve body 82 is specifically a proportional valve. As shown in fig. 3, the bottom of the lower furnace 14 is provided with a lower gas control system 9 for introducing compressed gas into the lower convection heating element 6, the lower gas control system 9 includes a lower gas inlet pipe 91 and a lower valve body 92 disposed on the lower gas inlet pipe 91, the lower gas inlet pipe 91 is communicated with the lower convection heating element 6 through the lower valve body 92, one lower valve body 92 can be simultaneously communicated with a plurality of lower convection heating elements 6 through one pipe for splitting, and meanwhile, the condition that one lower valve body 92 is connected with one lower convection heating element 6 is not excluded, and the lower valve body 92 is specifically a proportional valve.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, 6 and 7, the upper convection heating element 4 includes an upper preheating pipe 41 and an upper exhaust pipe 42 that are mutually communicated, one end of the upper preheating pipe 41 is communicated with the gas control system, the other end of the upper preheating pipe 41 is communicated with the upper exhaust pipe 42, and the upper exhaust pipe 42 is provided with a plurality of upper exhaust holes; the lower convection heating element 6 comprises a lower preheating pipeline 61 and a lower exhaust pipeline 62 which are mutually communicated, one end of the lower preheating pipeline 61 is communicated with the gas control system, the other end of the lower preheating pipeline 61 is communicated with the lower exhaust pipeline 62, and the lower exhaust pipeline 62 is provided with a plurality of lower exhaust holes; the difference between the temperature of the compressed air discharged from the upper vent hole of the upper vent line 42 or the lower vent hole of the lower vent line 62 and the temperature in the furnace body 1 is less than or equal to 1 ℃.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the upper preheating pipe 41 is reciprocally wound in the horizontal direction, wherein the reciprocal winding of the upper preheating pipe 41 in the horizontal direction does not require that the pipes of the upper preheating pipe 41 after each turn remain parallel, but means that the upper preheating pipe 41 is reciprocally wound to form a strip shape as a whole, and furthermore, it is not excluded that the upper preheating pipe 41 is reciprocally wound in the vertical direction, or reciprocally wound in a direction inclined at any angle, or wound to form any regular or irregular geometric shape,
specifically, as shown in fig. 6 or fig. 7, the lower preheating pipe 61 is wound reciprocally in the horizontal direction, wherein the reciprocal winding of the lower preheating pipe 61 in the horizontal direction does not require that the pipes of the lower preheating pipe 61 after each turn remain parallel, but means that the lower preheating pipe 61 is wound reciprocally to form a strip shape as a whole, and furthermore, it is not excluded that the lower preheating pipe 61 is wound reciprocally in the vertical direction, or is wound reciprocally in a direction inclined at any angle, or is wound to form any regular or irregular geometric shape.
As is apparent from the above description, the upper preheating pipe 41 and the lower preheating pipe 61 are reciprocally wound in the horizontal direction, so that the projection length of the upper convection heating element 4 or the lower convection heating element in the vertical direction can be reduced while the total length is kept unchanged, thereby ensuring that the compressed gas inside the upper convection heating element 4 or the lower convection heating element 6 can be heated along a sufficient length without affecting the installation and lifting of the whole upper convection heating element 4 or the lower convection heating element 6.
Specifically, the total length of the upper preheating pipeline 41 is 3-7 meters, and in a specific embodiment, the length of the upper preheating pipeline 41 is 3 meters, and the average temperature difference between the temperature of the compressed gas heated by the upper preheating pipeline 41 and the temperature in the furnace is less than or equal to 1 ℃; in another embodiment, the length of the upper preheating pipeline 41 is 5 meters, and the average temperature difference between the sprayed compressed gas heated by the upper preheating pipeline 41 and the temperature in the furnace is less than or equal to 0.5 ℃; in another embodiment, the length of the upper preheating pipeline 41 is 6 meters, and the average temperature difference between the sprayed compressed gas heated by the upper preheating pipeline 41 and the temperature in the furnace is less than or equal to 0.2 ℃; in another embodiment, the length of the upper preheating pipe 41 is 7 m, and the average temperature difference between the ejected compressed gas heated by the upper preheating pipe 41 and the temperature in the furnace is less than or equal to 0.1 ℃. The total length of the lower preheating pipeline 61 is 3-7 meters, and in a specific embodiment, the length of the lower preheating pipeline 61 is 3 meters, and the average temperature difference between the temperature of the compressed gas heated by the lower preheating pipeline 61 and the temperature in the furnace is less than or equal to 1 ℃; in another embodiment, the length of the lower preheating pipeline 61 is 5 meters, and the average temperature difference between the sprayed compressed gas heated by the lower preheating pipeline 61 and the temperature in the furnace is less than or equal to 0.5 ℃; in another embodiment, the length of the lower preheating pipeline 61 is 6 meters, and the average temperature difference between the sprayed compressed gas heated by the lower preheating pipeline 61 and the temperature in the furnace is less than or equal to 0.2 ℃; in another embodiment, the length of the lower preheating pipe 61 is 7 m, and the average temperature difference between the sprayed compressed gas heated by the lower preheating pipe 61 and the temperature in the furnace is less than or equal to 0.1 ℃.
Specifically, the diameter of the upper vent hole of the upper vent line 42 is less than or equal to the diameter of the lower vent hole of the lower vent line 62. When the coated glass is heated, the coated surface is generally positioned on the upper surface, so that the diameter of the upper exhaust hole of the upper exhaust pipe is smaller than that of the lower exhaust hole of the lower exhaust pipe, and the diameter of the inner jet flow of the upper exhaust hole can be reduced, thereby being beneficial to improving the heating precision of the surface of the coated film, and further enabling the temperature distribution of the surface of the coated film to be uniform.
Specifically, a transparent conductive film is deposited on the upper surface of the glass, and the transparent conductive film comprises at least two metal layers, metal alloy layers or metal oxide layers. Wherein, the material of the metal layer is selected from gold (Au), silver (Ag), copper (Cu), aluminum (Al) or molybdenum (Mo); silver alloy, such as silver-copper alloy, silver-indium alloy and the like, is selected as the material of the metal alloy layer; the material of the metal oxide layer is Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO), aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) or antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO); in order to protect the metal layer, the metal alloy layer or the metal oxide layer and improve the optical performance, the chemical performance and the mechanical performance of the transparent conductive film, the transparent conductive film further comprises a plurality of dielectric layers, and the material of the dielectric layers is selected from at least one of Zn, mg, sn, ti, nb, zr, ni, in, al, ce, W, mo, sb, bi element oxide or Si, al, zr, Y, ce, la element nitride, oxynitride and a mixture thereof.
Further, the convection heating lift system 7 controls the distance between the upper convection heating element 4 and the upper surface of the glass to be less than or equal to the distance between the lower convection heating element 6 and the lower surface of the glass. The closer the upper convection heating element 4 is to the upper surface of the glass, the better the upper convection heating element 4 heats the upper surface of the glass. In a specific embodiment, when the heating furnace is used for heating the common glass, the distance between the upper convection heating element 4 and the upper surface of the glass is equal to the distance between the lower convection heating element 6 and the lower surface of the glass; in another embodiment, the distance between the upper convection heating element 4 and the upper surface of the glass is less than the distance between the lower convection heating element 6 and the lower surface of the glass when the surface coated glass is heated using a heating furnace.
Further, the convection heating elevation system 7 controls the distance between the upper radiant heating element 3 and the upper surface of the glass to be 20mm to 200mm.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the convection heating lifting system 7 includes a lifting frame 71, a power mechanism and a lifting mechanism, the upper convection heating element 4 is fixedly connected to the lifting frame 71 through a lifting rod 711, the power mechanism is fixedly connected to the lifting frame 71, one end of the lifting mechanism is connected to the lifting frame 71, the other end is connected to the furnace body 1, and the power mechanism is connected to the lifting mechanism and drives the lifting mechanism to change the distance between the lifting frame 71 and the furnace body 1; the power mechanism is connected with the lifting mechanism through the transmission assembly 74, the transmission assembly 74 comprises a power shaft 741 and a power steering gear 742, the power mechanism is connected with the lifting mechanism through the power shaft 741, or the power mechanism is firstly connected with the power steering gear 742 through one power shaft 741 and then is connected with the lifting mechanism through the other power shaft 741 by the power steering gear 742, when the power mechanism and the lifting mechanism are positioned on the same straight line, the power mechanism and the lifting mechanism can be directly connected through the power shaft 741, and when the lifting mechanism is more in number and not completely positioned on the same straight line with the power mechanism, the power mechanism and different lifting mechanisms can be changed in power transmission direction through the power steering gear 742. The furnace body 1 is provided with a guide ring, the lifting rod 711 is arranged in the guide ring in a penetrating manner, and after the upper convection heating element 4 is fixedly connected with the lifting frame 71 through the lifting rod 711, the lifting rod 711 is limited through the guide ring fixed on the furnace body 1 so as to improve the stability of the lifting process. In a specific embodiment, the power mechanism is a power lifting motor 72, the lifting mechanism is a lifting screw lifter 73, the power lifting motor 72 is connected with the lifting screw lifter 73 through a transmission assembly 74 and drives a screw 731 of the lifting screw lifter 73 to stretch and retract, the end part of the screw 731 of the lifting screw lifter 73 is fixedly connected to the furnace body 1, the power lifting motor 72 can drive the screw 731 of the lifting screw lifter 73 to stretch and retract through the transmission assembly 74, and one end of the screw 731 of the lifting screw lifter 73 is fixed with the furnace body 1, so that when the screw 731 of the lifting screw lifter 73 stretches out or contracts, the whole lifting frame 71 connected with the lifting screw motor is driven to move, and further lifting of the upper convection heating element 4 in the vertical direction is realized. In addition, in some embodiments, the power mechanism may be a mechanism that can provide power, such as a hydraulic assembly or a cylinder assembly, and the lifting mechanism may be a mechanism that can realize a length change function, such as a hydraulic telescopic rod or a jack.
As shown in fig. 4, the lifting frame 71 includes an upper frame 712 and a lower frame 713, the upper frame 712 and the lower frame 713 are connected by a fixing seat 714, wherein the upper frame 712 is used for fixing a power lifting motor 72 and a lifting screw lifter 73, the power lifting motor 72 is connected with the lifting screw lifter 73 by a transmission assembly 74 and drives a screw 731 of the lifting screw lifter 73 to stretch out and draw back, the end of the screw 731 of the lifting screw lifter 73 is fixedly connected to the top end of the upper furnace body, and the upper convection heating element 4 is fixedly connected to the lower frame 713 by a lifting rod 711 passing through the top end of the upper furnace body. The transmission assembly 74 includes a power shaft 741 and a power steering gear 742, and the power hoist motor 72 is connected to the hoist screw 73 through the power shaft 741, or the power hoist motor 72 is connected to the power steering gear 742 through one power shaft 741 and then connected to the hoist screw 73 through the other power shaft 741 by the power steering gear 742.
Further, the furnace body 1 includes a first area and a second area, as shown in fig. 2, where there is only one set of upper convection heating elements 4 in the direction perpendicular to the glass transportation direction in the first area, as shown in fig. 5, and there are at least two sets of upper convection heating elements 4 in the direction perpendicular to the glass transportation direction in the second area, and the projection length of one set of upper convection heating elements 4 in the first area in the vertical direction is equal to the projection total length of multiple sets of upper convection heating elements 4 in the second area in the vertical direction. The first area and the second area in the furnace body 1 are not in sequence, the first area and the second area can be arranged continuously or at intervals, when glass enters the first area, a group of upper convection heating elements 4 above the first area can be lifted to a proper distance under the control of a convection heating lifting system 7, and compressed gas after spraying and heating is carried out on the whole glass surface; when the glass enters the second area, the three groups of upper convection heating elements 4 above the glass can be respectively controlled at different heights by different convection heating lifting systems 7, so that the glass is heated in a partitioning manner, and further, different areas on the surface of the glass are heated in a different manner, and the temperature of each part of the surface of the glass is kept to be the same.
The invention also provides a glass heating method, which uses the glass heating furnace to heat glass, and comprises the following steps:
step one, obtaining a set temperature difference between the upper surface temperature and the lower surface temperature of the glass at the outlet end 12, wherein the set temperature difference has a value ranging from 0 ℃ to 5 ℃, and the specific value of the set temperature difference is different according to the glass to be heated, for example: for common glass, the value of the set temperature is 1 ℃; for single-layer coated glass, setting the value of the temperature to be 2 ℃; setting the value of the temperature of the double-layer or more than double-layer coated glass to be 5 ℃;
controlling a preset distance between the upper convection heating element 4 and the upper surface of the glass through the convection heating lifting system 7 according to the set temperature difference;
placing at least one piece of glass on a conveying device 2, conveying the glass from an inlet end 11 to an outlet end 12 of a furnace body 1 by the conveying device 2, carrying out radiant heating on the upper surface of the glass by an upper radiant heating element 3, carrying out convection heating on the upper surface of the glass by an upper convection heating element 4, carrying out radiant heating on the lower surface of the glass by a lower radiant heating element 5, and further arranging a lower convection heating element 6 between the conveying device 2 and the lower radiant heating element 5, wherein the lower convection heating element 6 is used for carrying out convection heating on the lower surface of the glass;
measuring the upper surface temperature and the lower surface temperature of the glass at the outlet end 12 to obtain the actual temperature difference between the upper surface temperature and the lower surface temperature;
step five, if the actual temperature difference is larger than the set temperature difference, adjusting the preset distance in the step two, and repeating the step three and the step four until the actual temperature difference is smaller than or equal to the set temperature difference;
if the actual temperature difference is less than or equal to the set temperature difference, the distance between the upper convection heating element 4 and the upper surface of the glass is the set distance; if the actual temperature difference is larger than the set temperature difference and the upper surface temperature is larger than the lower surface temperature, increasing the preset distance in the second step; if the actual temperature difference is larger than the set temperature difference and the upper surface temperature is smaller than the lower surface temperature, reducing the preset distance in the second step;
and step six, heating the glass according to the set distance in the step 5, so that the upper surface temperature and the lower surface temperature of the glass conveyed to the outlet end 12 are both higher than 500 ℃.
By using the glass heating furnace and the glass heating method to heat glass, the position of the upper convection heating element 3 can be adjusted according to the properties of different glass products, so that the upper convection heating element 3 can be positioned at the optimal heating distance, and meanwhile, for common glass, the upper convection heating element 3 can be used for efficiently spraying compressed gas close to the temperature in the furnace on the surface of the glass, thereby reducing the temperature difference between the surface of the glass and the inside of the furnace, further avoiding the conditions of edge warpage and surface scalding, and for complex multilayer coated glass, the heating temperature of one surface of the coated glass layer can be improved by adjusting the distance between the upper convection heating element 3 and the surface of the glass, and further, the temperature of the two surfaces of the glass tends to be the same.
It is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the embodiments described above, but is capable of modification and variation in light of the above teachings by those skilled in the art, and that all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (14)
1. A glass heating furnace, characterized in that a transparent conductive film is deposited on the upper surface of the glass, and the transparent conductive film comprises at least two metal layers, metal alloy layers or metal oxide layers;
the glass heating furnace comprises a furnace body and a conveying device, wherein the furnace body is provided with an inlet end, an outlet end, a furnace body top and a furnace body bottom, the conveying device is positioned between the furnace body top and the furnace body bottom, the conveying device is used for conveying glass from the inlet end to the outlet end, an upper radiation heating element and an upper convection heating element are arranged between the conveying device and the furnace body top, the upper convection heating element is positioned between the conveying device and the upper radiation heating element, the upper radiation heating element is used for carrying out radiation heating on the upper surface of the glass, the upper convection heating element is used for carrying out convection heating on the upper surface of the glass, and a lower radiation heating element is arranged between the conveying device and the furnace body bottom and used for carrying out radiation heating on the lower surface of the glass;
the heating furnace further comprises a convection heating lifting system, wherein the convection heating lifting system is used for controlling the upper convection heating element to vertically lift between the conveying device and the upper radiation heating element, and the difference between the upper surface temperature and the lower surface temperature of the glass positioned at the outlet end is smaller than or equal to a set temperature difference value;
a lower convection heating element is also arranged between the transmission device and the lower radiation heating element, and is used for carrying out convection heating on the lower surface of the glass;
the furnace further comprises a gas control system for supplying compressed air to the upper convection heating element and the lower convection heating element;
the upper convection heating element comprises an upper preheating pipeline and an upper exhaust pipeline which are mutually communicated, one end of the upper preheating pipeline is communicated with the gas control system, the other end of the upper preheating pipeline is communicated with the upper exhaust pipeline, and the upper exhaust pipeline is provided with a plurality of upper exhaust holes; the lower convection heating element comprises a lower preheating pipeline and a lower exhaust pipeline which are mutually communicated, one end of the lower preheating pipeline is communicated with the gas control system, the other end of the lower preheating pipeline is communicated with the lower exhaust pipeline, and a plurality of lower exhaust holes are formed in the lower exhaust pipeline; the difference between the temperature of compressed air discharged from the upper exhaust hole of the upper exhaust pipeline or the lower exhaust hole of the lower exhaust pipeline and the temperature in the furnace body is less than or equal to 1 ℃;
the upper convection heating elements of each or each group are independently controlled to rise and fall by a convection heating lift system.
2. The glass heating furnace according to claim 1, wherein the set temperature difference value is in a range of 0 to 5 ℃.
3. The glass heating furnace according to claim 1, wherein the total length of the upper preheating pipe is 3 to 7 m and the total length of the lower preheating pipe is 3 to 7 m.
4. The glass heating furnace of claim 1, wherein a diameter of the upper vent hole of the upper vent line is less than or equal to a diameter of the lower vent hole of the lower vent line.
5. The glass heating furnace of claim 1, wherein the convection heating lift system controls a distance between the upper convection heating element and an upper surface of the glass to be less than or equal to a distance between the lower convection heating element and a lower surface of the glass.
6. The glass heating furnace of claim 1, wherein the convection heating lift system controls a distance between the upper radiant heating element and an upper surface of the glass to be 20mm to 200mm.
7. The glass heating furnace of claim 1, wherein the convection heating lifting system comprises a lifting frame, a power mechanism and a lifting mechanism, the upper convection heating element is fixedly connected to the lifting frame through a lifting rod, the power mechanism is fixedly connected to the lifting frame, one end of the lifting mechanism is connected with the lifting frame, the other end of the lifting mechanism is connected with the furnace body, and the power mechanism is connected with the lifting mechanism and drives the lifting mechanism to change the distance between the lifting frame and the furnace body; the power mechanism is connected with the lifting mechanism through a transmission assembly, the transmission assembly comprises a power shaft and a power steering gear, the power mechanism is connected with the lifting mechanism through the power shaft, or the power mechanism is connected with the power steering gear through one power shaft and then connected with the lifting mechanism through the other power shaft through the power steering gear.
8. The glass heating furnace of claim 7, wherein the furnace body is provided with a guide ring, and the lifting rod is arranged in the guide ring in a penetrating manner.
9. The glass heating furnace of any of claims 1 to 8, wherein the furnace body includes a first region having only one set of upper convection heating elements in a direction perpendicular to glass transportation and a second region having at least two sets of upper convection heating elements in a direction perpendicular to glass transportation, and wherein a projected length of one set of upper convection heating elements in the first region in a vertical direction is equal to a projected total length of a plurality of sets of upper convection heating elements in the second region in a vertical direction.
10. A glass heating method for heating glass using the glass heating furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
step one, acquiring a set temperature difference between the upper surface temperature and the lower surface temperature of glass at an outlet end;
controlling a preset distance between the upper convection heating element and the upper surface of the glass through a convection heating lifting system according to the set temperature difference;
placing at least one piece of glass on a conveying device, wherein the conveying device conveys the glass from an inlet end to an outlet end of a furnace body, an upper radiation heating element is used for carrying out radiation heating on the upper surface of the glass, an upper convection heating element is used for carrying out convection heating on the upper surface of the glass, and a lower radiation heating element is used for carrying out radiation heating on the lower surface of the glass;
measuring the upper surface temperature and the lower surface temperature of the glass at the outlet end to obtain the actual temperature difference between the upper surface temperature and the lower surface temperature;
step five, if the actual temperature difference is larger than the set temperature difference, adjusting the preset distance in the step two, and repeating the step three and the step four until the actual temperature difference is smaller than or equal to the set temperature difference;
if the actual temperature difference is less than or equal to the set temperature difference, the distance between the upper convection heating element and the upper surface of the glass is the set distance;
and step six, heating the glass according to the set distance in the step 5, so that the upper surface temperature and the lower surface temperature of the glass conveyed to the outlet end are both higher than 500 ℃.
11. The glass heating method according to claim 10, wherein in the first step, the set temperature difference has a value ranging from 0 to 5 ℃.
12. The glass heating method of claim 10, wherein in the third step, a lower convection heating element for convection heating a lower surface of the glass is further provided between the transfer device and the lower radiant heating element.
13. The glass heating method according to claim 10, wherein in the fifth step, if the actual temperature difference is greater than the set temperature difference and the upper surface temperature is greater than the lower surface temperature, the preset distance in the second step is increased.
14. The glass heating method according to claim 10, wherein in the fifth step, if the actual temperature difference is greater than the set temperature difference and the upper surface temperature is less than the lower surface temperature, the preset distance in the second step is reduced.
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