CN113635027A - Engine oil seal press-fitting device and evaluation method of oil seal press-fitting quality - Google Patents
Engine oil seal press-fitting device and evaluation method of oil seal press-fitting quality Download PDFInfo
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- CN113635027A CN113635027A CN202111055735.0A CN202111055735A CN113635027A CN 113635027 A CN113635027 A CN 113635027A CN 202111055735 A CN202111055735 A CN 202111055735A CN 113635027 A CN113635027 A CN 113635027A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P19/00—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes
- B23P19/02—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes for connecting objects by press fit or for detaching same
- B23P19/027—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes for connecting objects by press fit or for detaching same using hydraulic or pneumatic means
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Abstract
The invention relates to an engine oil seal press-fitting device which comprises a supporting frame, an engine tray, a press-fitting mechanism and a controller panel, wherein the press-fitting mechanism comprises an air cylinder, a pressing block, a pressure sensor, a displacement sensor and a positioning block; the pressure sensor is fixedly arranged on the pressing block; the displacement sensor is fixedly arranged on the positioning block; the pressing block can slide on the positioning block; the moving path is sequentially provided with 5 position points in the process of pressing the oil seal by the pressing block, pressure value data of each position point is obtained in a sampling mode, and a pressure value qualified range of each position point is obtained through calculation; finally, the press-fitting condition is judged in real time according to the comparison of the newly measured pressure value and the qualified range of the pressure value, the risk that the oil seal deforms in the press-fitting process and the risk that the oil seal is not pressed in place locally after the press-fitting is finished are avoided, and the problem that the equipment and engine parts are damaged possibly due to the fact that the press-fitting equipment is not protected by overload is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engine assembly, in particular to an engine oil seal press-fitting device and an evaluation method of oil seal press-fitting quality.
Background
The oil seal of the gear chamber of the engine is a part arranged on the gear chamber at the front end of the engine and mainly comprises a framework and a lip. The framework plays a role in fixing the oil seal, and the rubber on the framework is fixed on the inner wall of the front end hole of the gear chamber. The lip is contacted with the excircle at the front end of the crankshaft to play a role in sealing.
The oil seal assembly process requirements are as follows:
(1) the pressure applied by assembling the oil seal acts on the end face of the oil seal framework, the pressure must be proper, the oil seal can be deformed if the pressure is too large, and the friction force between the oil seal framework and the gear chamber can not be overcome if the pressure is too small, so that the oil seal can not be pressed into the gear chamber;
(2) the requirement of press mounting of the oil seal is that the oil seal is integrally pressed into the gear chamber, and the end face of the oil seal is lower than the front end face of the gear chamber and is parallel to the front end face of the gear chamber;
(3) after the press mounting is finished, the oil seal is not deformed or damaged.
The oil seal assembly process comprises the following steps:
the oil seal and the gear chamber are in interference fit, friction force generated in the press fitting process is large, manual press fitting cannot be achieved, and press fitting needs to be conducted through equipment. The oil seal press fitting equipment in the prior art mainly comprises an outer frame, a press fitting mechanism and a controller. The outer frame is used for fixing the press-mounting mechanism and isolating the working area. The press-fitting mechanism comprises an air cylinder and a pressing block, the air cylinder is used for providing pressure required by press-fitting of the oil seal, and the pressing block is installed at the front end of the air cylinder and transmits the pressure to the oil seal. The controller is used for controlling the opening and the disconnection of the compressed air valve of the air cylinder. And the valve is opened, compressed air enters the air cylinder, and a piston rod of the air cylinder is controlled to move forwards and backwards. The valve is closed, compressed air stops entering the air cylinder, and the piston rod does not work.
An oil seal is assembled by oil seal press-fitting equipment, and the press-fitting component is mainly pushed by a cylinder to transmit pressure to the end face of an oil seal framework, so that the aim of pressing the oil seal into a gear chamber is fulfilled. The process for assembling the oil seal comprises the following 4 steps:
and 4, after the press-mounting mechanism contacts the front end face of the gear chamber, the air cylinder retreats backwards, and the engine and the tray flow to the next station.
(1) the oil seal has the risk of deformation in the press fitting process. Variations in part size can lead to different friction forces due to fluctuations in part size within tolerances. The oil seal press-fitting force required by each engine is different. The press fitting tool of the equipment is driven by the cylinder, and in order to ensure that the press fitting is in place, the pressure output by the cylinder is set to be the upper limit of the pressure output by the cylinder, so that the pressure of the cylinder is far greater than the friction force which needs to be overcome in the press fitting process of the oil seal, and under the condition, the risk of deformation and damage of the oil seal exists. After the oil seal is deformed and damaged, the sealing effect is reduced, and the fault that lubricating oil leaks from the oil seal during the operation of an engine can be caused;
(2) after the oil seal is pressed and assembled, the risk that the local pressing and assembling is not in place exists. In order to enable the oil seal to meet the technological requirements in a press-fitting mode, the enough thrust of the air cylinder is guaranteed to be transmitted to the oil seal, and when the oil seal is manually preassembled at the previous station, the outer circle of the oil seal basically coincides with the inner circle of the crankshaft hole of the gear chamber. Due to the fact that the oil seal and the gear chamber part have dimensional tolerance fluctuation, the coaxiality of the central axis of the press-fitting assembly and the central axis of the oil seal has large deviation. In this case, when oil seal press-fitting is performed, the oil seal may be locally pressed into the gear chamber, and locally protrudes out of the front end of the gear chamber;
(3) the press mounting equipment has no overload protection, and the equipment and engine parts can be damaged due to overlarge pressure. The positioning accuracy of the press fitting assembly and the cylinder has errors, meanwhile, a fit clearance exists between the engine and the tray positioning pin, certain deviation exists in the coaxiality of the press fitting assembly and the central axis of the oil seal, the deviation can be increased along with the increase of time, and the press fitting assembly is enabled to be subjected to overlarge local stress. Because the equipment does not have self-checking and alarm device, under this kind of local atress condition too big, pressure equipment subassembly and cylinder can seriously warp and can't work. Meanwhile, the engine gear chamber can be cracked due to local overlarge stress. Equipment damage and engine part damage will generate large economic loss;
(4) the press fitting equipment has no function of detecting whether the oil seal has quality defects or not in press fitting. In order to ensure the press fitting quality of the oil seal, workers in the next procedure need to check after the oil seal is pressed, the problem that the oil seal is not pressed in place locally can be found through personnel check, but the problem of deformation of the oil seal after press fitting cannot be solved through a method of personnel check. Thus, depending on the manner of manual inspection, the risk of quality defects escaping is greater.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, provides an engine oil seal press-fitting device and an evaluation method of oil seal press-fitting quality, and eliminates the quality risks that an oil seal is not pressed in place and the oil seal is deformed and damaged in the press-fitting process.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an engine oil seal press fitting device, comprising: the device comprises a supporting frame, an engine tray, a press-fitting mechanism and a controller panel;
pressure equipment mechanism includes: the device comprises a cylinder, a pressing block, a pressure sensor, a displacement sensor and a positioning block; the positioning block is fixedly connected to the end part of the telescopic rod of the air cylinder, and the air cylinder is fixed on the supporting frame; the pressing block is provided with a T-shaped boss structure; the outer surface of the positioning block is provided with a T-shaped groove along the axial direction of the cylinder; a spring is arranged in the T-shaped groove; the T-shaped boss of the pressing block is arranged in the T-shaped groove of the positioning block and can slide in the groove; the pressure sensor is fixedly arranged on the pressing block; the displacement sensor is fixedly arranged on the positioning block.
Preferably, a safety protection net is further arranged; the controller panel is arranged on the safety protection net.
The method for evaluating the press fitting quality of the oil seal utilizes the engine oil seal press fitting device to carry out quality control on the press fitting of the engine oil seal, and comprises the following steps:
step 1: the moving path is sequentially provided with 5 position points including the point A, B, C, D, E in the process of pressing and assembling the oil seal by the pressing block; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the point A is a position where the positioning block stops moving forwards after contacting the surface of the gear chamber in the forward moving process, the pressing block and the positioning block are about to generate relative displacement, and the displacement sensor is about to generate a signal;
point B is the position where the pressing block moves forwards from point A and contacts the spring and the spring does not generate elastic force;
point C is the initial position where the oil seal is pressed into the gear chamber by the compression block;
the point D is the initial position of the friction force generated by the contact of the excircle end surface of the oil seal and the gear chamber in the press fitting process;
the point E is the stop position of the maximum displacement of the forward movement of the pressing block, namely the end position of the friction force between the end surface of the excircle of the oil seal and the gear chamber;
step 2: collecting data samples of the engine production and manufacturing process; the displacement of the pressing block is recorded by the displacement sensor, and the return pressure value number of the pressure sensor when the pressing block is at the point A, B, C, D, E is recordedAccording to, the pressure data is recorded as XAi、XBi、XCi、XDi、XEi；
And step 3: calculating the average value X of the pressure values at the point A, B, C, D, E in turn according to the returned pressure value dataAre all made ofAnd each standard deviation sigma;
and 4, step 4: the set point A, B, C, D, E includes a lower limit X for each pressure valueLower partAnd upper limit of pressure value XOn the upper part；
XLower part＝XAre all made of-3σ
XOn the upper part＝XAre all made of+3σ
And 5: and (3) press-fitting the oil seal to be pressed, acquiring press-fitting force data and displacement data in real time, and judging the pressure value of each point A, B, C, D, E and the qualified range set in the step 4 in the press-fitting process:
if the pressure values of all the points are in the qualified range, stopping moving forwards after the compaction block moves to the point E, and starting moving backwards until the compaction block returns to the starting point A; the press mounting is qualified; the controller sends out a qualified signal, and the engine circulates to enter the next station;
if the pressure value at a certain point exceeds the qualified range, judging that the press mounting is unqualified, and reworking and press mounting again are needed for the oil seal; and the controller sends out an unqualified signal, the engine flows to enter a reworking station, and the engine enters the oil seal press-fitting station again after being reworked.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the quality risk that the oil seal is not pressed in place and the oil seal is deformed and damaged in the pressing process is eliminated, and the manufacturing quality of the engine is improved;
2. the problem of abnormal working process of the equipment is found in advance, the risk of major failure of the equipment is avoided, and the maintenance cost is reduced;
3. the manual operation content of checking whether the oil seal protrudes out of the front end face of the gear chamber after the oil seal is pressed and mounted is reduced, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of an engine oil seal and gear chamber assembly;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the oil seal press-fitting device of the engine;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of press-fitting assembly of an engine oil seal;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the press-fitting mechanism;
FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of a press-fit assembly of an engine oil seal.
Wherein, 1-oil sealing; 2-oil seal seat; 3-a crankshaft; 5-safety protection net; 6-a controller panel; 7-an engine tray; 8-a support frame; 10-a press-fitting mechanism; 11-a power transmission shaft; 12-a displacement sensor; 13-a pressure sensor; 14-a wire harness; 15, positioning blocks; 16-a compression block; 17-spring.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are provided in the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and certainly do not limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 2-5, an engine oil seal press-fitting device comprises: a support frame 8, an engine tray 7, a press-fitting mechanism 10 and a controller panel 6;
press-fit mechanism 10 includes: the device comprises an air cylinder, a pressing block 16, a pressure sensor 13, a displacement sensor 12 and a positioning block 15; wherein, the positioning block 15 is fixedly connected with the end part of the telescopic rod of the cylinder, and the cylinder is fixed on the supporting frame 8;
the pressing block 16 is provided with a T-shaped boss structure;
a T-shaped groove is formed in the outer surface of the positioning block 15 along the axial direction of the cylinder; a spring 17 is arranged in the T-shaped groove; the T-shaped boss of the pressing block 16 is arranged in the T-shaped groove of the positioning block 15 and can slide in the groove;
the pressure sensor 13 is fixedly arranged on the pressing block 16;
the displacement sensor 12 is fixedly arranged on the positioning block 15.
Preferably, a safety protection net 5 is arranged; the controller panel 6 is provided on the safety protection net 5.
The method for evaluating the press fitting quality of the oil seal utilizes the engine oil seal press fitting device to carry out quality control on the press fitting of the engine oil seal, and comprises the following steps:
step 1: the moving path sets 5 position points including point A, B, C, D, E in sequence during the process of pressing the oil seal by the pressing block 16; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
point a is a position where the positioning block 15 stops moving forward after contacting the surface of the gear chamber in the forward moving process, the pressing block 16 and the positioning block 15 will generate relative displacement, and the displacement sensor will generate a signal;
point B is the position where the hold-down block 16 continues to move forward from point a, touching the spring, but the spring has not yet developed a spring force;
point C is the initial position where the compression block 16 presses the oil seal into the gear chamber;
the point D is the initial position of the friction force generated by the contact of the excircle end surface of the oil seal and the gear chamber in the press fitting process;
point E is the stop position of the maximum displacement of the forward movement of the pressing block 16, i.e. the end position of the friction force between the end face of the outer circle of the oil seal and the gear chamber;
step 2: collecting data samples of the engine production and manufacturing process; the displacement of the compaction block 16 is recorded by the displacement sensor 12, and the pressure value data returned by the pressure sensor 13 when the compaction block 16 is at the point A, B, C, D, E is recorded, wherein the pressure data is recorded as XAi、XBi、XCi、XDi、XEi；
And step 3: calculating the average value X of the pressure values at the point A, B, C, D, E in turn according to the returned pressure value dataAre all made ofAnd each standard deviation sigma;
and 4, step 4: the set point A, B, C, D, E includes a lower limit X for each pressure valueLower partAnd upper limit of pressure value XOn the upper part；
XLower part＝XAre all made of-3σ
XOn the upper part＝XAre all made of+3σ
And 5: and (3) press-fitting the oil seal to be pressed, acquiring press-fitting force data and displacement data in real time, and judging the pressure value of each point A, B, C, D, E and the qualified range set in the step 4 in the press-fitting process:
if the pressure values of all the points are in the qualified range, stopping moving forwards after the compaction block 16 moves to the point E, and starting moving backwards until the compaction block 16 returns to the starting point A; the press mounting is qualified; the controller sends out a qualified signal, and the engine circulates to enter the next station;
if the pressure value at a certain point exceeds the qualified range, judging that the press mounting is unqualified, and reworking and press mounting again are needed for the oil seal; and the controller sends out an unqualified signal, the engine flows to enter a reworking station, and the engine enters the oil seal press-fitting station again after being reworked.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the oil seal press-fitting device for the engine oil seal and the evaluation method for the press-fitting quality of the oil seal provided by the invention are used for press-fitting the oil seal of a diesel engine of a certain model.
In this embodiment, the press-fitting mechanism 10 includes: the device comprises an air cylinder, 3 pressing blocks 16, 3 pressure sensors 13, 1 displacement sensor 12 and a positioning block 15; wherein, the positioning block 15 is fixedly connected with the end part of the telescopic rod of the cylinder, and the cylinder is fixed on the supporting frame 8; each pressing block 16 is provided with a T-shaped boss structure; the outer surface of the positioning block 15 is provided with 3T-shaped grooves along the axial direction of the cylinder; a spring 17 is arranged in each T-shaped groove; the T-shaped boss of the pressing block 16 is arranged in the T-shaped groove of the positioning block 15 and can slide in the groove; the 3 pressure sensors 13 are respectively and fixedly arranged on the 3 pressing blocks 16; the displacement sensor 12 is fixedly arranged on the positioning block 15; and 3 pressure values are measured on each point.
Through early data acquisition, according to the steps 1-4, the qualified range of the pressure values of each point is obtained as follows:
| dot | Pressure valueLower limit unit: n is a radical of | Upper limit unit of pressure value: n is a radical of |
| A | -1 | 1 |
| B | -1 | 1.5 |
| |
8 | 12 |
| D | 75 | 85 |
| E | 80 | 90 |
When the 3 diesel engine oil seals of the model are pressed, pressure value data of each point are obtained as follows:
according to the pressure value data and the pressure value range, a pressure value of 88.2N is arranged at the point D of the engine 2, the value exceeds 85N of the upper limit of the pressure value of the point D, the equipment automatically judges that the press mounting is unqualified, and the oil seal needs to be reworked and remounted.
It should be noted that the pressure value data exceeds the qualified range at different points B, C, D, E, so that different press-fitting anomalies can be determined, and the controller panel 6 displays different results and sends different control instructions:
if the pressure value at the point B exceeds the qualified range, the engine deviates from the press-fitting position, or the press-fitting assembly deviates from the original running route, so that the pressing block 16 is stressed in advance, the controller sends an unqualified signal at the moment, controls the pressing mechanism to stop press-fitting, returns to the point A, and the controller panel 6 displays 'press-fitting abnormity';
if the pressure value at the point C exceeds the upper limit of the qualified range, namely the pressure value is larger than the reaction force of the spring after complete compression, the situation that the oil seal is not preassembled to the required position is shown, at the moment, the controller sends an unqualified signal, controls the pressing mechanism to stop press mounting, returns to the point A, and the controller panel 6 displays that the position of the oil seal is abnormal;
if the pressure value at the point D exceeds the upper limit of the qualified range, the fact that the friction force borne by the oil seal is too large is indicated, the risk that the oil seal is pressed to deform exists, the controller sends an unqualified signal at the moment, the pressing mechanism is controlled to stop pressing, the point A is returned, and the controller panel 6 displays that the position of the oil seal is abnormal;
if the pressure value at the point E exceeds the upper limit of the qualified range, the clamping stagnation is shown in the oil seal press-fitting process, and the risk of deformation and damage caused by pressure exists; the controller sends an unqualified signal and controls the pressing mechanism to stop press mounting and return to the point A, and the controller panel 6 displays that the press mounting of the oil seal is unqualified;
if the pressure value at the point E is lower than the lower limit of the qualified range, the friction force between the oil seal and the mounting hole of the gear chamber is small, and the risk that the oil seal is loosened from the gear chamber exists; the controller sends an unqualified signal and controls the pressing mechanism to stop press mounting and return to the point A, and the controller panel 6 displays that the press mounting of the oil seal is unqualified.
Has the advantages that:
according to the invention, the controller receives the digital signal of the sensor, and the logical operation is carried out on the qualified range obtained by sampling calculation and the pressure value of the specific position point, so that the risks of deformation of the oil seal in the press fitting process and the risks of partial press fitting failure after the press fitting of the oil seal are avoided, and the problems that the press fitting equipment has no overload protection and the equipment and engine parts are possibly damaged due to overlarge pressure are solved.
Although particular implementations of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (3)
1. An engine oil seal press fitting device, comprising: braced frame (8), engine tray (7), pressure equipment mechanism (10) and controller panel (6), its characterized in that:
press-fit mechanism (10) comprising: the device comprises a cylinder, a pressing block (16), a pressure sensor (13), a displacement sensor (12) and a positioning block (15);
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the positioning block (15) is fixedly connected to the end part of the telescopic rod of the air cylinder, and the air cylinder is fixed on the supporting frame (8);
the pressing block (16) is provided with a T-shaped boss structure;
the outer surface of the positioning block (15) is provided with a T-shaped groove along the axial direction of the cylinder; a spring (17) is arranged in the T-shaped groove; the T-shaped boss of the pressing block (16) is arranged in the T-shaped groove of the positioning block (15) and can slide in the groove;
the pressure sensor (13) is fixedly arranged on the pressing block (16);
the displacement sensor (12) is fixedly arranged on the positioning block (15).
2. An engine oil seal press-fitting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the safety protection net (5) is also included; the controller panel (6) is arranged on the safety protection net (5).
3. An evaluation method for oil seal press-fitting quality is characterized in that the quality control is carried out on the press-fitting of an engine oil seal by using the engine oil seal press-fitting device of claim 1, and the steps are as follows:
step 1: the moving path is sequentially provided with 5 position points including the point A, B, C, D, E during the process of pressing the oil seal by the pressing block (16); wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the point A is the position where the positioning block (15) stops moving forwards after contacting the surface of the gear chamber in the forward moving process, the pressing block (16) and the positioning block (15) are about to generate relative displacement, and the displacement sensor is about to generate a signal;
the point B is a position where the pressing block (16) moves forwards from the point A continuously and contacts the spring without generating elastic force;
point C is the initial position where the oil seal is pressed into the gear chamber by the pressing block (16);
the point D is the initial position of the friction force generated by the contact of the excircle end surface of the oil seal and the gear chamber in the press fitting process;
the point E is the stop position of the maximum displacement of the forward movement of the pressing block (16), namely the end position of the friction force between the outer circle end surface of the oil seal and the gear chamber;
step 2: collecting data samples of the engine production and manufacturing process; the displacement of the compaction block (16) is recorded through the displacement sensor (12), the pressure value data returned by the pressure sensor (13) when the compaction block (16) is at a point A, B, C, D, E is recorded, and the pressure data is recorded as XAi、XBi、XCi、XDi、XEi；
And step 3: calculating the average value X of the pressure values at the point A, B, C, D, E in turn according to the returned pressure value dataAre all made ofAnd each standard deviation sigma;
and 4, step 4: the set point A, B, C, D, E includes a lower limit X for each pressure valueLower partAnd upper limit of pressure value XOn the upper part(ii) a Wherein, XLower part＝XAre all made of-3σ；XOn the upper part＝XAre all made of+3σ；
And 5: and (3) press-fitting the oil seal to be pressed, acquiring press-fitting force data and displacement data in real time, and judging the pressure value of each point A, B, C, D, E and the qualified range set in the step 4 in the press-fitting process:
if the pressure values of all the points are in the qualified range, stopping moving forwards after the compaction block (16) moves to the point E, and starting moving backwards until the compaction block (16) returns to the starting point A; the press mounting is qualified;
and if the pressure value at a certain point exceeds the qualified range, judging that the press mounting is unqualified, and reworking and press mounting again the oil seal.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111055735.0A CN113635027A (en) | 2021-09-09 | 2021-09-09 | Engine oil seal press-fitting device and evaluation method of oil seal press-fitting quality |
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| CN202111055735.0A CN113635027A (en) | 2021-09-09 | 2021-09-09 | Engine oil seal press-fitting device and evaluation method of oil seal press-fitting quality |
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| CN210388199U (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2020-04-24 | 重庆众泰新能源汽车技术研究院有限公司 | Device for press-fitting motor oil seal |
| CN111267038A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-06-12 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | Engine crankshaft oil seal press-fitting tool and method |
-
2021
- 2021-09-09 CN CN202111055735.0A patent/CN113635027A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR950033726U (en) * | 1994-05-31 | 1995-12-18 | 코리아스파이서공업 주식회사 | Journal cross oil seal assembly device |
| JPH1119832A (en) * | 1997-06-30 | 1999-01-26 | Nissan Diesel Motor Co Ltd | Oil seal press-in device |
| CN202780429U (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2013-03-13 | 浙江吉利罗佑发动机有限公司 | Press mounting mechanism for front oil seal of engine crankshaft |
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