CN113634999B - Processing method of integral frame - Google Patents
Processing method of integral frame Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113634999B CN113634999B CN202110993931.6A CN202110993931A CN113634999B CN 113634999 B CN113634999 B CN 113634999B CN 202110993931 A CN202110993931 A CN 202110993931A CN 113634999 B CN113634999 B CN 113634999B
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- frame
- integral frame
- machining
- machining surface
- fixing hole
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- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000261422 Lysimachia clethroides Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P2700/00—Indexing scheme relating to the articles being treated, e.g. manufactured, repaired, assembled, connected or other operations covered in the subgroups
- B23P2700/50—Other automobile vehicle parts, i.e. manufactured in assembly lines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a processing method of an integral frame, which comprises the following steps: assembling the frame; the integral frame is cubic on the clamping table, the position of the integral frame is adjusted, and the integral frame is fixed on the clamping table; a dial indicator is arranged on a processing machine tool, and the verticality and the parallelism of the integral frame are measured; sequentially rough machining the flange plate machining surface, the oil cylinder fixing hole machining surface and the steering plate fixing hole machining surface through a machining machine tool; drilling the flange plate machining surface, the oil cylinder fixing hole machining surface and the steering plate fixing hole machining surface in sequence through a machining machine tool; and sequentially finishing the flange plate machining surface, the oil cylinder fixing hole machining surface and the steering plate fixing hole machining surface through a machining machine tool. The invention ensures the planeness of the flange plate, the pitch of the processing holes, the perpendicularity and planeness of the whole frame, and ensures the processing size and precision of the frame and the planeness of the frame.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of frame processing, in particular to a processing method of an integral frame.
Background
In iron and steel enterprises, the transportation and the transportation of logistics are extremely critical, the size of engineering construction investment is directly related, the operation cost of the enterprises is closely related, the transportation of molten iron is important as the most important logistics in the iron and steel enterprises, and a reasonable transportation mode and transportation distance can greatly reduce the operation cost of the enterprises and fundamentally improve the competitiveness of products in the market. The method is widely applied to new projects in future as a novel molten iron transferring mode in the molten iron transferring process of connecting two working procedures of iron making and steel making.
Most steel plants in China mainly adopt the following two transportation modes, namely railway track transportation and trackless automobile transportation. If the railway track is adopted for transportation, the loading and unloading are inconvenient, and the occupied area is relatively large; compared with a railway track, the trackless transportation is better, and a large amount of hot metal cars are used in the trackless transportation and can be used for transporting molten iron; the hot metal car is widely used due to the characteristics of flexible operation, convenient operation, high transportation efficiency and the like.
At present, the frames of common hot metal trucks are mainly manufactured in a sectional mode and are assembled together through welding. However, the frame assembled by the method is difficult to ensure the parallelism of the flange plates, so that the mass of the whole frame is increased, meanwhile, the local stress of the frame is overlarge, the frame is deformed too much at a gooseneck part, and the strength of a welding seam of the frame is low.
Because the frame is bigger, the machine tool which can be processed in reality is fewer, and the cost is higher, the cross beam is generally processed independently, and then the cross beam is welded with the longitudinal beam, and the method can not ensure the parallelism of all flanges and the size precision of the cylinder fixing hole in the steering system because of the deformation caused by welding, and can cause harm to some parts in the steering system.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a processing method of an integral frame, which aims to solve the problem that the parallelism between flange plates and the dimensional accuracy of an oil cylinder fixing hole in a steering system cannot be ensured in the existing frame processing.
The invention provides a processing method of an integral frame, which comprises the following steps: assembling, namely assembling the frame to obtain the integral frame; the step of mounting, namely, the integral frame is cubic on a clamping table, the position of the integral frame is adjusted, and the integral frame is fixed on the clamping table; a positioning adjustment step, namely mounting a dial indicator on a processing machine tool, and determining a flange processing surface on the integral frame after measuring and adjusting the verticality and parallelism of the integral frame through the dial indicator; a machining surface adjusting step, namely measuring the plane of the machining surface of the flange plate, adjusting the plane of the machining surface of the flange plate, and fastening the integral frame after adjustment to ensure that the integral frame is firmly fixed on the clamping table; a rough machining step, namely sequentially rough machining the flange plate machining surface, the oil cylinder fixing hole machining surface and the steering plate fixing hole machining surface through a machining machine tool; drilling, namely sequentially drilling the flange plate machining surface, the oil cylinder fixing hole machining surface and the steering plate fixing hole machining surface through a machining machine tool; and a finish machining step, namely sequentially carrying out finish machining on the flange plate machining surface, the oil cylinder fixing hole machining surface and the steering plate fixing hole machining surface through a machining machine tool after drilling.
Further, the processing method of the integral frame further comprises the following steps after the finishing step: and (3) a step of taking off the frame, and polishing the integral frame.
Further, the processing method of the integral frame further comprises the following steps after the finishing step and before the frame unloading step: and a flatness adjusting step, wherein the overall flatness of the integral frame is measured and adjusted.
Further, the processing method of the integral frame further comprises the following steps after the flatness adjustment step and before the frame unloading step: and a dimension measuring step, namely measuring the machining dimension and the positioning dimension of the integral frame.
In the method for processing the integral frame, in the step of loading, the integral frame is limited on one side, away from the processing machine tool, through the backer, and the bottom of the integral frame is limited and fixed through the clamp and the top block.
Further, according to the processing method of the integral frame, the integral frame is supported on the clamping table through the inclined support frame.
In the machining method of the integral frame, in the rough machining step, the drilling step and/or the finish machining step, two machining machines are used for machining positions to be machined on two sides of the integral frame respectively, so that tandem machining is achieved.
Further, the processing method of the integral frame specifically comprises the following steps: and punching and drilling screw holes in the flange plate machining surface, and sequentially punching pin shaft holes in the oil cylinder fixing hole machining surface and the steering plate fixing hole machining surface.
Further, the processing method of the integral frame specifically comprises the following steps: and (3) independently assembling all the parts of the frame, and assembling all the parts of the frame together to obtain the integral frame.
Further, in the above-mentioned method for processing the integral frame, in the assembling step, the assembled integral frame is subjected to heat treatment to eliminate welding stress.
According to the processing method of the integral frame, the integral frame is formed by assembling the frame, and integral processing is carried out on the integral frame, namely, installation and fixation, position adjustment and processing are sequentially carried out, so that the flatness of the flange plate, the hole distance of the processing hole, the perpendicularity and the flatness of the integral frame can be ensured, the processing size and precision of the frame and the flatness of the frame are ensured, and the problem that the precision of the flange plate and the like in the assembly connection of the cross beam and the longitudinal beam is difficult to ensure in the prior art is avoided.
Furthermore, the processing method of the integral frame adopts two processing machine tools to process in series, namely, structures on two sides of the frame are processed simultaneously, so that the flatness of the frame is ensured, and the flatness of the original segmented welding frame cannot be well ensured.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout the figures. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a block flow diagram of a method for processing an integral frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a frame before machining according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a frame provided in an embodiment of the present invention mounted on a clamping table;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a processed frame according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, a flow chart of a method for processing an integral frame according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. As shown in the figure, the processing method comprises the following steps:
and assembling step S1, namely assembling the frame to obtain the integral frame.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the frame includes: the device comprises a main longitudinal beam 1, a rear cross beam 2, a front cross beam 3, a diagonal brace 4, a positioning block 5 and an oil cylinder support 6; firstly, assembling and welding all parts independently, namely assembling and welding a main longitudinal beam 1, a rear cross beam 2, a front cross beam 3, an inclined strut 4, a positioning block 5 and an oil cylinder support 6; then, assembling and welding all parts, namely assembling and welding the main longitudinal beam 1, the rear cross beam 2, the front cross beam 3, the diagonal braces 4, the positioning blocks 5 and the oil cylinder support 6 to obtain an integral frame shown in figure 1; finally, after the integral frame is assembled, the integral frame needs to be subjected to heat treatment to eliminate welding stress, and then subsequent processing is carried out. In this embodiment, the frame has a symmetrical structure for simultaneous processing on both sides.
And S2, mounting the integral frame on a clamping table, adjusting the position of the integral frame, and fixing the integral frame on the clamping table.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the integral frame, namely the frame main body, is vertically placed on the clamping table 7, the position of the frame is adjusted, then the frame is fixed by the backing table 8, namely the backing table 8 is in pressing contact with one side (the upper side as shown in fig. 2) of the integral frame, which is away from the processing machine tool 9, so that the perpendicularity of the frame is ensured, and the limiting and fixing of the bottom of the integral frame are realized through the clamp 10 and the top block 11; after the frame is tightly pressed, the fastened state is checked, any shaking is not allowed, and after the frame is clamped, the inclined support frame and the clamping table 7 can be used for supporting the frame so as to ensure the stability of the frame main body, so that the shaking in the processing process of the frame main body is convenient, and the processing accuracy is further ensured. In this embodiment, there may be two machine tools 9 to simultaneously machine and process symmetrical sides of the frame, i.e. the two machine tools 9 are slidably connected to the rail 15, so that independent operation can be achieved.
And S3, positioning and adjusting, namely mounting a dial indicator on the processing machine tool, and determining the processing surface of the flange plate on the integral frame after measuring and adjusting the perpendicularity and parallelism of the integral frame through the dial indicator.
Specifically, firstly, a dial indicator is installed on a processing machine tool 9, and the verticality and parallelism of a frame are adjusted; in this embodiment, a plurality of dial indicators may be respectively provided on the two processing machine tools 9 so as to perform measurement and adjustment at the same time; then, confirming the machining surface of the flange on the integral frame of the vehicle, ensuring that the allowance of the machining surface of the flange meets the machining requirement, and controlling the overall flatness to be within 1.5 mm.
And S4, measuring the plane of the processing surface of the flange, adjusting the plane of the processing surface of the flange, and fastening the integral frame after adjustment to ensure that the integral frame is firmly fixed on the clamping table.
Specifically, the plane of the required flange processing surface is measured, whether the hole allowance meets the processing requirement is checked, and the integral frame is adjusted, so that after the integral frame is adjusted and pressed, the plane of the required flange processing surface is ensured to meet the processing requirement, and the integral frame is firmly reinforced.
And step S5, sequentially performing rough machining on the flange plate machining surface, the oil cylinder fixing hole machining surface and the steering plate fixing hole machining surface through a machining machine tool.
Specifically, firstly, rough machining is carried out on the machined surfaces of the two flange plates through two machining tools 9 to obtain a step structure, and rough milling is carried out until a margin of 0.2mm is left, so that the subsequent finish machining and adjustment are facilitated; then, rough machining is carried out on the machining surfaces of the two oil cylinder fixing holes through two machining tools 9, and rough milling machining is carried out until a margin of 0.2mm is left, so that subsequent fine machining and adjustment are facilitated; finally, the two steering plate fixing hole machining surfaces are respectively subjected to rough machining through two machining tools 9, and the rough milling machining is carried out until a margin of 0.2mm is reserved, so that the follow-up fine machining and adjustment are facilitated.
And S6, drilling the flange plate machining surface, the oil cylinder fixing hole machining surface and the steering plate fixing hole machining surface sequentially through a machining machine tool.
Specifically, firstly, two processing surfaces of the flange plate are respectively punched through two processing machine tools 9 and tapped after punching, so as to finish the processing of the threaded holes on the flange plate; then, punching the two oil cylinder fixing hole machining surfaces through two machining tools 9 respectively to finish machining of the oil cylinder fixing holes; finally, the two processing surfaces of the fixed holes of the steering plate are respectively punched through two processing machine tools 9 so as to finish the processing of the fixed holes of the steering plate.
And step S7, after drilling, sequentially finishing the flange plate machining surface, the oil cylinder fixing hole machining surface and the steering plate fixing hole machining surface through a machining machine tool.
Specifically, after the drilling is finished, the frame can be measured firstly, and particularly, the flange plate machining surface, the oil cylinder fixing hole machining surface and the steering plate fixing hole machining surface can be finished; the two flange machined surfaces can be finished first by two machining tools 9 to obtain eight flange planes 12 as shown in fig. 4; then, the two cylinder fixing hole machining surfaces are finished by the two machining tools 9 to obtain a cylinder fixing hole plane 13 as shown in fig. 4; finally, the two steering plate fixing hole machining surfaces are finished by the two machining tools 9 respectively to obtain a steering plate fixing hole plane 14 as shown in fig. 4.
And a flatness adjustment step S8, wherein the overall flatness of the integral frame is measured and adjusted.
Specifically, the overall flatness of the frame is measured again, and for example, a plurality of processing treatments are adjusted until the overall flatness is acceptable.
And a dimension measuring step S9, measuring the machining dimension and the positioning dimension of the integral frame.
Specifically, the critical dimensions such as the machining dimension and the positioning dimension on the frame are measured and adjusted again according to the precision requirement of the drawing after machining, and the frame is taken off after being qualified, namely the integral frame is taken off from the clamping table.
And S10, unloading, namely polishing the integral frame.
Specifically, burrs and the like of the vehicle frame are polished.
As shown in fig. 3, the tool for processing and constructing the integral frame is a clamping table 7, and a clamp 10 and a top block 11 are arranged on the clamping table and used for clamping the frame; and, still be equipped with position adjustable backup pad 8 on the clamping platform 7 to press and contact in one side of frame, and then avoid the slope or the rocking of frame. And an inclined support frame is further arranged on the clamping table 7 so as to further strengthen the stability of the frame. The clamping table 7 is arranged on one side of a guide rail 15 of the processing machine 9 to process the carriage in cooperation with the processing machine.
In summary, the processing method of the integral frame provided by the embodiment forms the integral frame by assembling the frame, and carries out integral processing on the integral frame, namely, mounting and fixing, position adjustment and processing are sequentially carried out, so that the flatness of the flange plate, the hole distance of the processing hole, the perpendicularity and the flatness of the integral frame can be ensured, the size and the precision of frame processing and the flatness of the frame are ensured, and the problem that the precision of the flange plate and the like in the assembly connection of the cross beam and the longitudinal beam is difficult to ensure in the production of independently processing the cross beam in the prior art is avoided.
Furthermore, the processing method of the integral frame adopts two processing machine tools to process in series, namely, structures on two sides of the frame are processed simultaneously, so that the flatness of the frame is ensured, and the flatness of the original segmented welding frame cannot be well ensured.
It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are merely for convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to the specific circumstances.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (1)
1. The processing method of the integral frame is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
assembling, namely assembling the frame to obtain the integral frame; the components of the frame are assembled independently, and the components of the frame are assembled together to obtain an integral frame; carrying out heat treatment on the assembled integral frame to eliminate welding stress; the frame comprises: the device comprises a main longitudinal beam, a rear cross beam, a front cross beam, an inclined strut, a positioning block and an oil cylinder support; assembling and welding the main longitudinal beam, the rear cross beam, the front cross beam, the diagonal bracing, the positioning block and the oil cylinder support; then, splicing and welding the main longitudinal beam, the rear cross beam, the front cross beam, the diagonal bracing, the positioning block and the oil cylinder support to obtain an integral frame; finally, after the integral frame is assembled, carrying out heat treatment on the integral frame to eliminate welding stress, and then carrying out subsequent processing; the frame is of a symmetrical structure, and is synchronously processed at two sides;
the method comprises the steps of mounting, namely, vertically placing the integral frame on a clamping table, adjusting the position of the integral frame, pressing and contacting the integral frame on one side of the integral frame, which is far away from a processing machine tool, through a backing, guaranteeing the perpendicularity of the frame, realizing limit fixation of the bottom of the integral frame through a clamp and a top block, checking the fastened state after the frame is pressed, and fixing the integral frame on the clamping table; limiting the integral frame at one side away from the processing machine tool through a backer, and realizing limiting fixation of the bottom of the integral frame through a clamp and a top block;
a positioning adjustment step, namely mounting a dial indicator on a processing machine tool, and determining a flange processing surface on the integral frame after measuring and adjusting the verticality and parallelism of the integral frame through the dial indicator;
a machining surface adjusting step, namely measuring the plane of the machining surface of the flange plate, adjusting the plane of the machining surface of the flange plate, and fastening the integral frame after adjustment to ensure that the integral frame is firmly fixed on the clamping table;
a rough machining step, namely sequentially rough machining the flange plate machining surface, the oil cylinder fixing hole machining surface and the steering plate fixing hole machining surface through a machining machine tool; punching and drilling screw holes in the machining surface of the flange plate, and sequentially punching pin shaft holes in the machining surface of the oil cylinder fixing hole and the machining surface of the steering plate fixing hole;
drilling, namely sequentially drilling the flange plate machining surface, the oil cylinder fixing hole machining surface and the steering plate fixing hole machining surface through a machining machine tool;
a finishing step, namely sequentially finishing the flange plate machining surface, the oil cylinder fixing hole machining surface and the steering plate fixing hole machining surface through a machining machine tool after drilling;
a flatness adjustment step, namely measuring and adjusting the overall flatness of the integral frame;
a dimension measuring step, namely measuring the machining dimension and the positioning dimension of the integral frame;
a step of setting off, in which the integral frame is polished; the tool for integral frame processing construction is a clamping table, and a clamp and a jacking block are arranged on the clamping table and used for clamping the frame; the clamping table is also provided with a backer with an adjustable position so as to be propped against and contacted with one side of the frame;
and in the rough machining step, the drilling step and/or the finish machining step, machining the positions to be machined on two sides of the integral frame through two machining tools respectively so as to realize tandem machining.
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CN113634999B true CN113634999B (en) | 2023-11-21 |
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CN114619205B (en) * | 2022-03-08 | 2022-12-16 | 中国葛洲坝集团机械船舶有限公司 | Manufacturing method of large steel structure with multiple flange connections |
CN115365769A (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2022-11-22 | 重庆水轮机厂有限责任公司 | Machining and assembling method for wind tunnel laboratory gate guide frame |
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