CN113634365A - Process for recycling iron resources from refuse dump - Google Patents
Process for recycling iron resources from refuse dump Download PDFInfo
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- CN113634365A CN113634365A CN202110849584.XA CN202110849584A CN113634365A CN 113634365 A CN113634365 A CN 113634365A CN 202110849584 A CN202110849584 A CN 202110849584A CN 113634365 A CN113634365 A CN 113634365A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/52—Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly
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Abstract
The invention discloses a process for recovering iron resources from a refuse dump, which adopts a dry-type pre-selection process to carry out pre-discarding tailings, reduces the subsequent operation cost, obtains dry-selected concentrate with the total iron grade of more than or equal to 20 percent, and improves the selected grade of iron. The process focuses on enriching useful minerals such as rare earth, fluorite, niobium and the like while obtaining qualified iron ore concentrate, and lays a good foundation for subsequently recovering the part of minerals; the process lays a foundation for realizing the comprehensive utilization of the waste dump resources, and is an efficient and energy-saving process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of mine solid wastes, in particular to a process for recovering iron resources from a refuse dump. The method not only can recycle the resources of the waste dump which is piled before to bring economic benefits, but also can reduce land occupation and reduce the pollution to the environment.
Background
Currently, mine enterprises are one of the most waste-producing industries. The dumping site is used as a place for piling up waste rocks, surrounding rocks and the like in a mine and is the next place for comprehensive utilization of solid wastes in the mine. Baiyunebo is a huge polymetallic ore bed with iron, rare earth and niobium symbiosis, and four earth dumps of east, south, west and north are formed near main ore and east ore after tens of years of open-pit mining. With the continuous development of mineral separation technology, the stacked mineral resources gradually have utilization value. The recycling of the waste water can reduce land occupation, reduce pollution to local environment, enlarge resource reserves and increase economic benefits.
Currently, the comprehensive utilization of the dump in most domestic mines is mainly focused on two directions of single production of building materials or single recovery of iron resources. The method not only needs to obtain qualified iron ore concentrate, but also needs to enrich all useful elements in the tailings so as to create conditions for subsequently recovering the useful elements.
Relevant documents
After the iron-containing waste rock of certain iron ore rock removal is subjected to dry separation, crushing and magnetic separation, the specific flow is shown in figure 1. The iron rough concentrate containing 21.74% of iron can be obtained, the iron rough concentrate is ground to-200 meshes which account for 80% for two-stage magnetic separation, and finally the qualified iron concentrate with the yield of 1.73%, the grade of 65.11% and the recovery rate of 8.91% is obtained.
Document 2. research on comprehensive utilization process of waste rock resources in a certain dumping field of large stone river iron ore
The large stone river iron ore detects the rocks of the waste dump, the detected apparent density, porosity and water absorption are qualified, and the mud content, mud block content, harmful substances and firmness meet the I-class technical indexes of building materials; the crushing index accords with the II-class technical index of the building material; the radioactivity meets the technical requirements of main building materials. The building sandstone can be produced according to the regulation of 'quality of sand and stone for common concrete and inspection method standard'. See in particular fig. 2.
Document 3. refuse preselection test for slant-headed mountain iron ore dumping ground
The method is characterized in that the askew-end mountain iron ore optimizes and reforms the original process aiming at the problems existing in the waste rock roughing process of the waste dump, and preselection operation is added, specifically shown in figure 3, the iron grade of the rough concentrate can reach 22.45%, the iron content of the waste rock of the waste dump is 12.60%, 9.85% is improved, the power consumption of the rough concentrate produced by calculation is reduced by 5.23kWh/t, the actual production demand is met, the ore dressing process cost is reduced, the economic benefit is obvious, and the method has great significance for improving the resource utilization efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a process for recovering iron resources from an earth discharge site, and the process is developed and suitable for the efficient recovery of the iron resources in the earth discharge site aiming at the situation of the resource of the bayan obo ore earth discharge site. The method solves the problems of low iron resource content and difficult utilization in the waste dump, and simultaneously concentrates the useful elements in the iron tailings to create conditions for the subsequent recovery and utilization of the useful elements.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a process for recycling iron resources from a refuse dump, which comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing the ore in a refuse dump to obtain a coarse crushed product with the particle size of-300 mm, and carrying out magnetic separation on the coarse crushed product by a dry magnetic separator with the magnetic field intensity of 199.04kA/m to obtain dry concentrate with the total iron grade of more than 14%;
(2) crushing the dry separation concentrate obtained in the step (1) to obtain a medium crushed product with the thickness of-60 mm, and carrying out magnetic separation on the medium crushed product by a dry magnetic separator with the magnetic field intensity of 278.66kA/m to obtain dry separation concentrate with the total iron grade of more than 15%;
(3) crushing the dry concentrate obtained in the step (2) to obtain a fine crushed product with the thickness of-12 mm, and carrying out magnetic separation on the fine crushed product by a dry magnetic separator with the magnetic field intensity of 278.66kA/m to obtain the dry concentrate with the total iron grade of more than or equal to 20%;
(4) crushing the dry separation concentrate obtained in the step (3) by using a high-pressure roller mill, wherein the granularity is 0-2 mm;
(5) feeding the high-pressure roller-milled ore sample obtained in the step (4) into a ball mill, wherein the milling medium is steel balls, and the product granularity is-200 meshes and accounts for 70-80%;
(6) performing wet magnetic separation on the ore sample obtained in the step (5) by adopting a magnetic field with the magnetic field intensity of 278.66-318.47 kA/m to obtain magnetic separation rough concentrate with the total iron grade of more than 40% and the magnetic iron grade of more than 36%, and simultaneously obtaining magnetic separation tailings with the rare earth oxide grade of more than or equal to 3.5%, the calcium fluoride grade of more than 11% and the niobium pentoxide grade of more than or equal to 0.1%;
(7) classifying the wet magnetic separation rough concentrate obtained in the step (6) by using a fine sieve, returning products on the sieve to the step (5) for regrinding, and feeding products under the sieve into a moxa sand mill;
(8) feeding the undersize product obtained in the step (7) into a moxa sand mill for ore grinding treatment, wherein the granularity of the ore grinding product is 0-18 mu m and accounts for 78-82%;
(9) and (3) carrying out wet magnetic separation on the ore sample obtained in the step (8) by adopting a magnetic field with the magnetic field intensity of 159.24kA/m to obtain iron ore concentrate with the total iron grade of more than 65%, the sulfur grade of less than 0.64%, the phosphorus grade of less than 0.057%, the fluorine grade of less than 0.34%, and the potassium oxide and sodium oxide grade of less than 0.41%, and simultaneously obtain magnetic separation tailings with the rare earth oxide grade of more than 3.6%, the calcium fluoride grade of more than 10.5%, and the niobium pentoxide grade of more than or equal to 0.12%.
Further, the granularity of the product in the step (5) is-200 meshes and accounts for 75 percent.
Further, the fine sieve in the step (7) is a 100-mesh standard sieve.
Further, the granularity of the ore grinding product in the step (8) is 0-18 mu m and accounts for 80%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
the process of the invention firstly adopts a dry-type pre-separation process to carry out pre-tailing discarding, thus reducing the subsequent operation cost, obtaining the dry-separation concentrate with the total iron grade more than or equal to 20 percent and improving the selected grade of the selected iron. The first-stage magnetic separation of the process is carried out by adopting medium magnetism, so that most iron-containing minerals enter the concentrate, the influence of iron-containing intergrowths and inclusion on other useful elements in the tailings is reduced, and the other useful elements are effectively enriched. The second stage grinding of the process adopts moxa sand grinding, the ground product has fine and uniform granularity and good dissociation condition of iron minerals, and the iron concentrate with the full iron grade of more than 65 percent (the grade requirement of the existing external-sale iron concentrate) can be obtained after weak magnetic treatment. The production cost is reduced, no medicament is needed, and the pollution to the environment is reduced. The process focuses on enriching useful minerals such as rare earth, fluorite, niobium and the like while obtaining qualified iron ore concentrate, and lays a good foundation for subsequently recovering the part of minerals. The process lays a foundation for realizing the comprehensive utilization of the waste dump resources, and is an efficient and energy-saving process.
The invention obtains qualified iron ore concentrate and iron ore dressing tailings with enriched useful elements
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated in the following description with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of document 1 in the background art;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of document 2 in the background art;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of reference 3 in the background art;
FIG. 4 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In all the following examples, the raw materials used were mixed samples of the domestic Mongolia Baiyunebo No. 3 refuse dump truck and rubber truck in a ratio of 1:1, and the mineral chemistry multielement composition is shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 chemical multielement composition of raw ore
Examples
From bayan obo No. 3 refuse dump according to the following ratio of 1:1, collecting an automobile transportation sample and an adhesive tape transportation sample, uniformly mixing, and performing dry pre-selection treatment. Crushing by using a jaw crusher, crushing raw ores to obtain a coarse crushed product with the granularity of-300 mm, and performing dry separation treatment on the coarse crushed product by using a dry separator with the field intensity of 199.04kA/m to obtain dry separated concentrate K1 with the total iron grade of 14.15%; crushing K1 to obtain a medium crushed product with the granularity of 60mm, and performing dry separation on the medium crushed product by using a dry separator with the field intensity of 278.66kA/m to obtain dry separated concentrate K2 with the total iron grade of the dry separated concentrate of 15.51 percent; crushing K2 to obtain a fine crushed product with the granularity of-12 mm, and performing dry separation on the fine crushed product by using a dry separator with the field intensity of 278.66kA/m to obtain dry separated concentrate K3 with the total iron grade of the dry separated concentrate of 20.33 percent; the K3 was crushed with a high-pressure roll mill to a particle size of-2 mm, and used as a raw material K0 for iron recovery.
The recovered iron feedstock, K0, was subjected to chemical multielement analysis, as detailed in Table 2.
TABLE 2 chemical multielement analysis results of recycled iron feedstock
Element(s) | TFe | mFe | sFe | S | P | CaO | MgO | SiO2 | Al2O3 | REO |
Content/% | 20.0 | 14.20 | 17.00 | 1.175 | 0.58 | 17.78 | 7.33 | 13.98 | 2.54 | 3.26 |
Element(s) | MnO | BaO | K2O | Nb2O5 | Sc2O3 | CaF2 | ThO2 | TiO2 | Na2O | Ig |
Content/% | 1.68 | 1.56 | 0.83 | 0.059 | 110.24ppm | 8.558 | 0.042 | 0.30 | 0.65 | 17.76 |
Grinding K0 by a ball mill, wherein the grinding fineness is 74.4% of-200 meshes, and then carrying out magnetic separation treatment by a magnetic field with the field intensity of 302.55kA/m to obtain a rough concentrate K4 with the total iron grade of 41.5%, and simultaneously obtain magnetic separation tailings X1 with the rare earth oxide grade of 3.5%, the calcium fluoride grade of 12.44% and the niobium pentoxide grade of 0.1%. Classifying K4 by using a fine sieve (a 100-mesh standard sieve), returning the product on the sieve to a ball mill for regrinding, feeding the product under the sieve to a laboratory moxa mill for sanding, and controlling the time of ore grinding to obtain an ore sample with the granularity of 0-18 mu m accounting for 80%; wet magnetic separation treatment is carried out by a magnetic field with the field intensity of 159.24kA/m to obtain a final iron ore concentrate K with the total iron grade of 66 percent, the sulfur grade of 0.04 percent, the phosphorus grade of 0.051 percent, the fluorine grade of 0.31 percent and the potassium oxide and sodium oxide grade of 0.328 percent, and simultaneously obtain a magnetic separation tailing X2 with the rare earth oxide grade of 3.66 percent, the calcium fluoride grade of 10.68 percent and the niobium pentoxide grade of 0.12 percent.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.
Claims (4)
1. A process for recovering iron resources from a refuse dump, characterized by comprising the steps of:
(1) crushing the ore in a refuse dump to obtain a coarse crushed product with the particle size of-300 mm, and carrying out magnetic separation on the coarse crushed product by a dry magnetic separator with the magnetic field intensity of 199.04kA/m to obtain dry concentrate with the total iron grade of more than 14%;
(2) crushing the dry separation concentrate obtained in the step (1) to obtain a medium crushed product with the thickness of-60 mm, and carrying out magnetic separation on the medium crushed product by a dry magnetic separator with the magnetic field intensity of 278.66kA/m to obtain dry separation concentrate with the total iron grade of more than 15%;
(3) crushing the dry concentrate obtained in the step (2) to obtain a fine crushed product with the thickness of-12 mm, and carrying out magnetic separation on the fine crushed product by a dry magnetic separator with the magnetic field intensity of 278.66kA/m to obtain the dry concentrate with the total iron grade of more than or equal to 20%;
(4) crushing the dry separation concentrate obtained in the step (3) by using a high-pressure roller mill, wherein the granularity is 0-2 mm;
(5) feeding the high-pressure roller-milled ore sample obtained in the step (4) into a ball mill, wherein the milling medium is steel balls, and the product granularity is-200 meshes and accounts for 70-80%;
(6) performing wet magnetic separation on the ore sample obtained in the step (5) by adopting a magnetic field with the magnetic field intensity of 278.66-318.47 kA/m to obtain magnetic separation rough concentrate with the total iron grade of more than 40% and the magnetic iron grade of more than 36%, and simultaneously obtaining magnetic separation tailings with the rare earth oxide grade of more than or equal to 3.5%, the calcium fluoride grade of more than 11% and the niobium pentoxide grade of more than or equal to 0.1%;
(7) classifying the wet magnetic separation rough concentrate obtained in the step (6) by using a fine sieve, returning products on the sieve to the step (5) for regrinding, and feeding products under the sieve into a moxa sand mill;
(8) feeding the undersize product obtained in the step (7) into a moxa sand mill for ore grinding treatment, wherein the granularity of the ore grinding product is 0-18 mu m and accounts for 78-82%;
(9) and (3) carrying out wet magnetic separation on the ore sample obtained in the step (8) by adopting a magnetic field with the magnetic field intensity of 159.24kA/m to obtain iron ore concentrate with the total iron grade of more than 65%, the sulfur grade of less than 0.64%, the phosphorus grade of less than 0.057%, the fluorine grade of less than 0.34%, and the potassium oxide and sodium oxide grade of less than 0.41%, and simultaneously obtain magnetic separation tailings with the rare earth oxide grade of more than 3.6%, the calcium fluoride grade of more than 10.5%, and the niobium pentoxide grade of more than or equal to 0.12%.
2. The process for recovering iron resources from a refuse dump according to claim 1, wherein the product particle size in the step (5) is-200 mesh accounting for 75%.
3. The process for recovering iron resources from a refuse dump according to claim 1, wherein the fine screen in the step (7) is a 100-mesh standard screen.
4. The process for recovering iron resources from a refuse dump according to claim 1, wherein the grain size of the ground ore in the step (8) is 0 to 18 μm and is 80%.
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