CN113630896B - Random access method, base station and terminal - Google Patents

Abstract

The random access method, base station and terminal of the present invention include sending a synchronization signal block to a beam area covered by the beam by using a directional beam, so as to be received by a terminal in the corresponding beam area; detecting each time-frequency signal on the random access channel All the preambles of the resource, and determine the terminal use type of each preamble related to the number of terminal use; use the omnidirectional beam and the directional beam to send the random access responses corresponding to the preambles of different terminal use types. The terminal sends the preamble on the time-frequency resource selected according to the probability selection condition, so as to perform random access. The present invention uses the directional beam transmission capability of the base station to send a random access response with a directional beam when a terminal conflict occurs, and only a part of all conflicting terminals will receive the response and perform subsequent transmission, which is equivalent to reducing The number of conflicting terminals can increase the probability of successful terminal access, which has greater convenience and will solve the problems of the prior art.

Description

Random access method, base station and terminal

technical field

The present application relates to the technical field of communications, and in particular to a random access method, a base station and a terminal.

Background technique

In the mobile communication system, some time-frequency resources that appear periodically in the wireless channel are defined as random access channels. The terminal sends a preamble in the random access channel, and the base station detects the random access channel. If the preamble is detected, then A random access response is sent to allocate subsequent uplink resources for the terminal, and the terminal uses these uplink resources to send subsequent signaling to complete the access process. Since the time-frequency resources and the number of available preambles of the random access channel are limited, when a large number of terminals try to access at the same time, the probability that multiple terminals choose to send the same preamble on the same time-frequency resources increases greatly. If the base station Without the ability to detect preamble collisions, these terminals will be allocated the same subsequent uplink resources by the same random access response, and conflicts will occur when subsequent signaling is sent. The base station cannot correctly obtain the message sent by any device, resulting in terminal access failure. . If the base station has the ability to detect preamble collision, the base station will not send a random access response to allocate subsequent uplink resources to these terminals, resulting in terminal access failure. As a result, the success rate of terminal access is greatly reduced. In a massive machine-type communication scenario, the success rate of terminal access is particularly seriously affected.

Contents of the invention

In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the purpose of this application is to provide a random access method, base station and terminal, and to solve the problem of the prior art is how to use the spatial degree of freedom provided by the directional beam of the base station to improve the random access of the terminal. probability of success.

In order to achieve the above goals and other related goals, this application provides a random access method, which is applied to a base station, including: using a directional beam to send a synchronization signal block to the beam area covered by the beam, for terminals in the corresponding beam area Receive; detect all the preambles of each time-frequency resource on the random access channel, and judge the terminal use type related to the number of terminal use of each preamble; use the omnidirectional beam and the directional beam to send the information of different terminal use types respectively A random access response corresponding to the preamble is used for the terminal to perform random access.

In one or more embodiments of the present application, the synchronization signal block includes: information of the beam area where it is located and location information of each time-frequency resource.

In one or more embodiments of the present application, the terminal use type includes: a terminal uses one exclusive preamble and a terminal uses more than one conflicting preamble.

In one or more embodiments of the present application, the method of using the omnidirectional beam and the directional beam to send the random access responses corresponding to the preambles of different types used by the terminal includes: using the omnidirectional beam to send the corresponding exclusive preamble The random access response of the code; the random access response corresponding to the collision preamble is sent to the corresponding beam area by using the directional beam.

In one or more embodiments of the present application, the conditions to be met for the random access response corresponding to the conflicting preamble include: if the preamble is located on the time-frequency resource block i, use a directional beam to Z-1-i sends a random access response; where, i is the time-frequency resource block index, and Z is the total number of beam zones.

In one or more embodiments of the present application, the time-frequency resources include: one or more random access time-frequency resources that are equally divided into all time-frequency resources of the random access channel within one access cycle blocks; wherein, one random access time-frequency resource block contains one or more time-frequency resources.

In one or more embodiments of the present application, the probability selection condition includes: selecting a time-frequency resource that conforms to a constraint formula of resource selection probability; wherein, the constraint formula of resource selection probability includes:

Among them, i is the index of the beam area where the terminal is located, j is the index of the time-frequency resource block selected by the terminal, Pi,j is the resource selection probability of time-frequency resource block j selected by the terminal in beam area i, and Z is the total number of beam areas.

In order to achieve the above objectives and other related objectives, the present application provides a base station, including: a synchronization signal sending module, which is used to send a synchronization signal block to the beam area covered by the beam by using a directional beam, for the terminals in the corresponding beam area Receiving; the preamble judging module is used to detect all the preambles of each time-frequency resource on the random access channel, and judges the terminal use type related to the number of terminals used for each preamble; the random access response sending module is used to The random access responses corresponding to the preambles of different types used by the terminal are sent by using the omnidirectional beam and the directional beam respectively, so that the terminal performs random access.

In order to achieve the above goals and other related goals, the present application provides a terminal, including: a synchronization signal receiving module, configured to receive a synchronization signal block sent by a base station; wherein, the synchronization signal block includes: information on the beam area where it is located and time The location information of the frequency resource; the time-frequency resource selection module is used to select the time-frequency resource based on the information of the beam area where it is located and according to the probability selection condition; the random access module is used to select the location information based on the selected time-frequency resource. The preamble is sent on the time-frequency resource for random access.

As mentioned above, the random access method, base station, and terminal of the present application use the directional beam transmission capability of the base station to send a random access response with a directional beam when a terminal conflicts, and only a part of all conflicting terminals will Receiving the response and performing subsequent sending is equivalent to reducing the number of conflicting terminals, so the probability of successful terminal access can be improved, which has great convenience and solves the problems of the prior art.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the implementation environment in the embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a random access method in the embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a time-frequency resource block in an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station in an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a random access method in the embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal in an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the present application are described below through specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present application from the content disclosed in this specification. The present application can also be implemented or applied in different specific implementation modes, and various modifications or changes can be made to the details in this specification based on different viewpoints and applied systems without departing from the spirit of the present application. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art of the present application can easily implement them. The present application can be embodied in various forms, and is not limited to the embodiments described here.

In order to clarify the present application, components irrelevant to the description are omitted, and the same or similar components are assigned the same reference signs throughout the specification.

Throughout the specification, when it is said that a component is "connected" to another component, this includes not only the case of "direct connection" but also the case of "indirect connection" with other elements interposed therebetween. In addition, when it is said that a certain component "includes" a certain component, unless there is a particular statement to the contrary, it does not exclude other components, but means that other components may also be included.

When an element is said to be "on" another element, this can be directly on the other element but it can also be with other elements in between. When a reference is made to say that an element is "directly on" another element, the other elements are not accompanied therebetween.

Although in some instances the terms first, second, etc. are used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, the first interface and the second interface are described. Furthermore, as used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context indicates otherwise. It should be further understood that the terms "comprising", "comprising" indicate the presence of stated features, steps, operations, elements, components, items, species, and/or groups, but do not exclude one or more other features, steps, operations, The existence, occurrence or addition of an element, component, item, species, and/or group. The terms "or" and "and/or" as used herein are to be construed as inclusive, or to mean either one or any combination. Thus, "A, B or C" or "A, B and/or C" means "any of the following: A; B; C; A and B; A and C; B and C; A, B and C" . Exceptions to this definition will only arise when combinations of elements, functions, steps or operations are inherently mutually exclusive in some way.

The terminology used herein is only used to refer to specific embodiments, and is not intended to limit the application. The singular form used here also includes the plural form as long as the statement does not clearly indicate the opposite meaning. The meaning of "comprising" used in the description is to specify specific characteristics, regions, integers, steps, operations, elements and/or components, not to exclude other characteristics, regions, integers, steps, operations, elements and/or components exists or is attached.

Terms denoting relative spaces such as "lower" and "upper" may be used in order to more easily explain the relationship of one component to another illustrated in the drawings. Such terms mean not only the meaning indicated in the drawings but also other meanings or operations of the device in use. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "under" other elements would then be oriented "above" the other elements. Therefore, the exemplary term "under" includes all above and below. The device may be rotated by 90° or at other angles, and relative spatial terms are to be construed accordingly.

Although not differently defined, all terms including technical terms and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms defined in commonly used dictionaries are additionally interpreted as having meanings consistent with the contents of relevant technical documents and current prompts, and as long as they are not defined, they should not be excessively interpreted as ideal or very formulaic meanings.

In the existing random access method, when multiple terminals transmit the same preamble on the same random access channel, a collision occurs. If an omni beam is used to send a random access response, all conflicting terminals will receive the In response, subsequent transmissions by conflicting terminals will occupy the same resources, making the base station unable to parse the information sent by these devices, resulting in access failure.

In view of the lack of existing technologies, by using the directional beam transmission capability of the base station, when a terminal collides, the directional beam is used to send a random access response, and only a part of all conflicting terminals will receive the response and perform subsequent transmissions. It is equivalent to reducing the number of conflicting terminals, so the probability of successful terminal access can be improved, which has greater convenience and solves problems in the prior art.

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the technical field of the present invention can easily implement them. The present invention can be embodied in various forms and is not limited to the embodiments described here.

Please refer to FIG. 1 , which shows a schematic diagram of an implementation environment for implementing a random access channel in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in the figure.

Base station 101 uses directional beams to send synchronization signal blocks, uses omnidirectional beams and directional beams to send random access responses, and terminal 102 probabilistically selects time-frequency resources in random access channels based on received synchronization signal blocks.

The base station 101 is a device capable of transmitting directional beams and omnidirectional beams and capable of receiving omnidirectional beams. The omnidirectional beam sent by the base station 101 may cover a certain range. The base station divides the coverage area into several non-overlapping beam areas through the directional beams, and the sum of the coverage areas of all the directional beams is equal to the coverage area of the omnidirectional beams. The base station has Z directional beams. The coverage area of the directional beam i of the base station is called beam area i, and all beam areas are sequentially beam area 0, beam area 1, ..., beam area Z-1. As shown in FIG. 1 , an example is given when Z=4, and it is not limited to 4 beam areas in this application.

In one embodiment, the terminal 102 is in the form of, for example, a smart phone, a tablet computer, or a notebook computer, etc., and has data processing capabilities and the ability to connect to a network.

The base station 101 sends a synchronization signal block for the terminal 102 to receive. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2 , an embodiment of a random access method applied to the base station 101 is shown, and the method includes:

Step S21: using a directional beam to send a synchronization signal block to a beam area covered by the beam, so as to be received by a terminal in a corresponding beam area.

Optionally, the base station sends a synchronization signal block through a directional beam to a beam area corresponding to the directional beam during the access period, so as to be received by terminals in the corresponding beam area.

Optionally, the synchronization signal block includes: information of the beam area where it is located and location information of each time-frequency resource. Preferably, the beam area information is represented in the form of numbers, for example, there are four beam areas, and the numbers are 0-3 respectively. It should be noted that the expression form of the number includes, but is not limited to, numbers, letters, and symbols. The location information of each time-frequency resource may enable a terminal acquiring the information to send a preamble to each time-frequency resource.

Optionally, the synchronization signal block further includes: an available preamble.

Step S22: Detect all the preambles of each time-frequency resource on the random access channel, and determine the terminal use type of each preamble related to the number of terminals used.

Optionally, on all time-frequency resources of the random access channel, determine whether each random access time-frequency resource has a preamble to be sent, and judge according to the number of terminals using each preamble when a preamble is sent The type of terminal usage for the preamble.

Optionally, the type of terminal use includes: an exclusive preamble and a conflicting preamble; wherein, if it is detected that the preamble is only used by one device, it is an exclusive preamble; if it is detected that the preamble is used by more than one device If used, it is a conflicting preamble.

Optionally, all random access channel time-frequency resources in one access period are divided into one or more random access time-frequency resource blocks on average; specifically, the random access channel in one access period contains how many time-frequency resources, for example 8; these time-frequency resources are divided into several time-frequency resource blocks, for example 4 blocks, and each block has 2 time-frequency resources. If it is divided into 8 blocks, each block has 1 time-frequency resource.

Optionally, as shown in FIG. 3, in the case that all random access channel time-frequency resources in one access period are divided into one or more random access time-frequency resource blocks on average; On all time-frequency resource blocks of the channel, determine whether a preamble is sent on each random access time-frequency resource, and determine the terminal usage type of the preamble according to the number of terminals using each preamble when a preamble is sent . FIG. 3 only shows an example in which time-frequency resources are equally divided into four random access time-frequency resource blocks, which are not limited to four resource blocks in this application.

Optionally, the random access channel time-frequency resource block where the preamble is located has a one-to-one correspondence with the beam area corresponding to the directional beam.

Step S23: sending random access responses corresponding to preambles of different types used by terminals by using omnidirectional beams and directional beams respectively, so as to provide random access for terminals.

Optionally, if it is detected that only one terminal uses the preamble, use the omnidirectional beam to send the corresponding random access response; if it detects the preamble used by multiple terminals at the same time, use the directional beam to send the corresponding random access response Access response.

Optionally, the base station uses an omnidirectional beam to send a random access response corresponding to an exclusive preamble; the base station uses a directional beam to send a random access response corresponding to a conflicting preamble to its corresponding beam area.

Optionally, for the preamble used by more than one terminal, the base station uses a directional beam to send a random access response, and it is satisfied that: if the preamble is located on the access time-frequency resource block i, the base station sends beam zone Z-1- i sends a random access response. Where i is the time-frequency resource block index, and Z is the total number of beam zones.

Optionally, the terminal sends a preamble based on the synchronization signal block to the time-frequency resource selected according to the probability selection condition, so as to perform random access.

As shown in Figure 4, a data transmission device for implementing the multi-protocol compatible data transmission method is provided, which is applied to the base station 101, and the base station includes: a synchronization signal transmission module 401, a preamble judgment module 402 and a random access Response to the sending module 403 .

The synchronization signal sending module 401 is configured to use a directional beam to send a synchronization signal block to a beam area covered by the beam, so as to be received by a terminal in a corresponding beam area;

The preamble judging module 402 is connected to the synchronization signal sending module 401, and is used to detect all the preambles of each time-frequency resource on the random access channel, and judge the terminal usage of each preamble related to the number of terminals used. type;

The random access response sending module 403 is connected to the preamble judging module 402, and is used to send the random access responses corresponding to the preambles of different types used by the terminal by using the omnidirectional beam and the directional beam respectively, for the terminal to perform random access.

Optionally, the preamble judging module 402 is configured to determine whether each random access time-frequency resource has a preamble sent on all time-frequency resources of the random access channel, and when there is a preamble sent, according to each The terminal use number of the preamble is used to determine the terminal use type of the preamble.

Optionally, if the random access response sending module 403 detects a preamble used by only one terminal, it uses an omnidirectional beam to send a corresponding random access response; if it detects a preamble used by multiple terminals at the same time, Then use the directional beam to send the corresponding random access response.

Optionally, the random access response sending module 403 uses an omnidirectional beam to send a random access response corresponding to the exclusive preamble; the random access response sending module 403 uses a directional beam to send a corresponding collision response to its corresponding beam area A random access response of the preamble; if it is detected that the preamble is only used by one device, it is an exclusive preamble; if it is detected that the preamble is used by more than one device, it is a conflicting preamble.

Optionally, for a preamble used by more than one terminal, the random access response sending module 403 sends a random access response using a directional beam, and satisfies: if the preamble is located on the access time-frequency resource block i, then The random access response sending module 403 sends a random access response to beam zone Z-1-i. Where i is the time-frequency resource block index, and Z is the total number of beam zones.

In this embodiment, it should be noted that it should be understood that the division of each module in the embodiment of Figure 4 is only a division of logical functions, and may be fully or partially integrated into a physical entity during actual implementation, and may also be physically separated. . And these modules can all be implemented in the form of calling software through processing elements; they can also be implemented in the form of hardware; some modules can also be implemented in the form of calling software through processing elements, and some modules can be implemented in the form of hardware;

For example, each module may be one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the above method, for example: one or more specific integrated circuits (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, referred to as ASIC), or, one or more microprocessors (digital signal processor, DSP for short), or, one or more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA for short), etc. For another example, when one of the above modules is implemented in the form of a processing element scheduling program code, the processing element may be a general-purpose processor, such as a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU for short) or other processors that can call program codes. For another example, these modules can be integrated together and implemented in the form of a system-on-a-chip (SOC for short).

Therefore, since the implementation principle of the base station has been described in the foregoing embodiments, it will not be repeated here.

As shown in FIG. 5, the present invention provides a random access method, which is applied to the terminal 102, and the method includes:

Step S51: receiving the synchronization signal block sent by the base station;

In this embodiment, the synchronization signal block includes: information about the beam area where it is located and location information of each time-frequency resource; and the type of terminal use is associated with the number of terminals used. Preferably, the beam area information is represented in the form of numbers, for example, there are four beam areas, and the numbers are 0-3 respectively. It should be noted that the expression form of the number includes, but is not limited to, numbers, letters, and symbols. The location information of each time-frequency resource may enable the terminal to send a preamble to each time-frequency resource.

Optionally, the synchronization signal block further includes: an available preamble.

Optionally, the synchronization signal block is sent by the base station through a directional beam to a beam area corresponding to the directional beam within an access period.

Step S52: Based on the information of the beam area where it is located, the time-frequency resource is selected according to the probability selection condition.

Optionally, the time-frequency resource is selected according to the probability selection condition based on the information of the beam area where it is located.

Optionally, the terminal selects one or more time-frequency resources from all the time-frequency resources of the random access channel according to the beam area where the terminal is located and according to the probability selection condition that the beam area meets a certain probability distribution. It should be noted that if all random access channel time-frequency resources in one access cycle are divided into one or more random access time-frequency resource blocks, the terminal follows the The beam area meets the probability selection condition of a certain probability distribution, and one or more time-frequency resource blocks are selected from all the time-frequency resource blocks of the random access channel. Preferably, a time-frequency resource block is selected.

Optionally, the probability selection condition includes: selecting a time-frequency resource conforming to a resource selection probability constraint formula. If the terminal is in beam area i, first select a random access time-frequency resource block, the probability that resource block j is selected is the resource selection probability Pi,j, and Pi,j needs to satisfy the following two sets of equation constraints:

For example, if the random access response received by the terminal satisfies the conditions including: if the preamble is located on the time-frequency resource i, then use the directional beam to send the response condition of the random access to the beam zone Z-1-i Down,

When Z=4, Pi,j needs to satisfy the equation constraint:

It should be noted that what the terminal finally selects is one time-frequency resource, and sends one preamble on it. The constraint formula gives the probability that the terminal selects one time-frequency resource block. If there is more than one time-frequency resource in the block, it actually needs to continue to select one time-frequency resource. In this case, that is, if the selected time-frequency resource block contains more than one time-frequency resource, one of all the time-frequency resources in the current time-frequency resource block is selected with a medium probability.

Step S53: Based on the location information of the selected time-frequency resource, send a preamble on the time-frequency resource to perform random access.

Optionally, based on the location information of the selected time-frequency resource and the optional preamble, one of the optional preambles is randomly sent on the time-frequency resource to perform random access.

Optionally, one of all available preambles is selected with a medium probability, and the selected preamble is sent on the selected time-frequency resource.

Optionally, the terminal sends a preamble on the time-frequency resource based on the location information of the selected time-frequency resource, and the base station detects all preambles on all time-frequency resources to determine whether a preamble is exclusive or conflicting For the exclusive preamble, the base station sends a random access response in an omnidirectional form; for the conflicting preamble, it sends a random access response in a directional form, and the terminal continues to perform subsequent signaling procedures after receiving the random access response.

As shown in FIG. 6, a data sending device implementing the multi-protocol compatible data sending method is provided, which is applied to the terminal 102, and the base station includes: a synchronization signal receiving module 601, a time-frequency resource selection module 602 and a random access module. Enter module 603.

The synchronization signal receiving module 601 is configured to receive a synchronization signal block sent by a base station; wherein, the synchronization signal block includes: information on the beam area where it is located and location information of each time-frequency resource; the terminal use type is associated with the terminal use number;

The time-frequency resource selection module 602 is connected to the synchronization signal receiving module 601, and is used to select the time-frequency resource according to the probability selection condition based on the information of the beam area where it is located;

The random access module 603 is connected to the time-frequency resource selection module 602, and is configured to send a preamble on the time-frequency resource based on the position information of the selected time-frequency resource to perform random access.

In this embodiment, it should be noted that it should be understood that the division of each module in the embodiment of FIG. 6 is only a division of logical functions. In actual implementation, it can be fully or partially integrated into a physical entity, and can also be physically separated. . And these modules can all be implemented in the form of calling software through processing elements; they can also be implemented in the form of hardware; some modules can also be implemented in the form of calling software through processing elements, and some modules can be implemented in the form of hardware;

For example, each module may be one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the above method, for example: one or more specific integrated circuits (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, referred to as ASIC), or, one or more microprocessors (digital signal processor, DSP for short), or, one or more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA for short), etc. For another example, when one of the above modules is implemented in the form of a processing element scheduling program code, the processing element may be a general-purpose processor, such as a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU for short) or other processors that can call program codes. For another example, these modules can be integrated together and implemented in the form of a system-on-a-chip (SOC for short).

Therefore, since the implementation principle of the terminal has been described in the foregoing embodiments, it will not be repeated here.

Optionally, the time-frequency resource is selected according to the probability selection condition based on the information of the beam area where it is located.

Optionally, the time-frequency resource selection module 602 is configured to select one or more time-frequency resources of all random access channels according to the beam area where the beam area is located, following the probability selection condition that the beam area meets a certain probability distribution time-frequency resources. It should be noted that if all random access channel time-frequency resources in one access cycle are divided into one or more random access time-frequency resource blocks, the terminal follows the The beam area meets the probability selection condition of a certain probability distribution, and one or more time-frequency resources are selected in all time-frequency resource blocks of the random access channel. Preferably, a time-frequency resource block is selected.

Optionally, the probability selection condition includes: selecting a time-frequency resource conforming to a resource selection probability constraint formula. If the terminal is in beam area i, first select a random access time-frequency resource block, the probability that resource block j is selected is the resource selection probability Pi,j, and Pi,j needs to satisfy the following two sets of equation constraints:

It should be noted that what the terminal finally selects is one time-frequency resource, and sends one preamble on it. The constraint formula gives the probability that the terminal selects one time-frequency resource block. If there is more than one time-frequency resource in the block, it actually needs to continue to select one time-frequency resource. In this case, that is, if the selected time-frequency resource block contains more than one time-frequency resource, one of all the time-frequency resources in the current time-frequency resource block is selected with a medium probability.

The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, and implementing the random access method shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 5 when the computer program is running. The computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, floppy disks, compact disks, CD-ROM (Compact Disk Read Only Memory), magneto-optical disks, ROM (Read Only Memory), RAM (Random Access Memory), EPROM (Erasable non-programmable read-only memory), EEPROM (electrically erasable programmable read-only memory), magnetic or optical cards, flash memory, or other types of media/machine-readable media suitable for storing machine-executable instructions. The computer-readable storage medium may be a product not connected to a computer device, or a component connected to a computer device for use.

To sum up, the random access method, base station, and terminal of this application use the directional beam transmission capability of the base station to send a random access response with a directional beam when a terminal conflict occurs, and only a part of all conflicting terminals The response will be received and the subsequent sending will be performed, which is equivalent to reducing the number of conflicting terminals, so the probability of successful terminal access can be improved, which has greater convenience and will solve the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the present invention effectively overcomes various shortcomings in the prior art and has high industrial application value.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only illustrative to illustrate the principles and effects of the present application, but are not intended to limit the present application. Any person familiar with the technology can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed in the application shall still be covered by the claims of the application.

Claims (6)

1. A random access method, applied to a base station, comprising:

transmitting a synchronous signal block to a beam area covered by the beam by utilizing a directional beam so as to be received by a terminal positioned in a corresponding beam area;

detecting all the lead codes of each time-frequency resource on a random access channel, and judging the terminal use type of each lead code related to the terminal use number;

respectively utilizing the omni-directional beam and the directional beam to transmit random access responses corresponding to the lead codes of different terminal use types so as to be used by the terminal for random access; the terminal use type comprises: the terminal uses one exclusive preamble and the terminal uses more than one conflict preambles; the method for transmitting random access responses corresponding to the preambles of different terminal usage types by using the omni-directional beam and the directional beam respectively includes: transmitting a random access response corresponding to the exclusive preamble by using the omni-directional beam; transmitting a random access response of the corresponding conflict preamble to the corresponding beam area by utilizing the directional beam; the conditions that the random access response of the corresponding conflict preamble needs to meet include: if the preamble is positioned on the time-frequency resource block i, transmitting a random access response to the beam zone Z-1-i by using a directional beam; where i is the time-frequency resource block index and Z is the total number of beam zones.

2. The random access method according to claim 1, wherein the synchronization signal block comprises: the information of the beam area and the position information of each time-frequency resource.

3. The random access method according to claim 1, wherein the time-frequency resource comprises: one or more random access time-frequency resource blocks into which the time-frequency resources of all random access channels in one access period are equally divided; wherein, a random access time-frequency resource block contains one or more time-frequency resources.

4. A random access method, applied to a terminal, comprising:

receiving a synchronization signal block transmitted by a base station; wherein the synchronization signal block includes: the information of the beam area and the position information of each time-frequency resource;

selecting time-frequency resources according to probability selection conditions based on the information of the beam region;

wherein the probability selection condition includes: selecting time-frequency resources conforming to a constraint formula of the resource selection probability;

wherein, the constraint formula of the resource selection probability comprises:

wherein i is the index of the beam area where the terminal is located, j is the index of the time-frequency resource block selected by the terminal, and P _i,j The probability of selecting a time-frequency resource block j for a terminal in a beam zone i, wherein Z is the total number of the beam zones;

and transmitting a preamble code on the time-frequency resource based on the position information of the selected time-frequency resource so as to perform random access.

5. A base station, comprising:

the synchronous signal transmitting module is used for transmitting synchronous signal blocks to the beam areas covered by the beam by utilizing the directional beam so as to be received by the terminal positioned in the corresponding beam area;

the preamble judging module is used for detecting all preambles of each time-frequency resource on the random access channel and judging the terminal use type of each preamble, which is related to the terminal use number;

the random access response sending module is used for sending random access responses corresponding to the lead codes of different terminal use types by using the omni-directional wave beam and the directional wave beam respectively so as to be used for random access by the terminal; the terminal use type comprises: the terminal uses one exclusive preamble and the terminal uses more than one conflict preambles; the method for transmitting random access responses corresponding to the preambles of different terminal usage types by using the omni-directional beam and the directional beam respectively includes: transmitting a random access response corresponding to the exclusive preamble by using the omni-directional beam; transmitting a random access response of the corresponding conflict preamble to the corresponding beam area by utilizing the directional beam; the conditions that the random access response of the corresponding conflict preamble needs to meet include: if the preamble is positioned on the time-frequency resource block i, transmitting a random access response to the beam zone Z-1-i by using a directional beam; where i is the time-frequency resource block index and Z is the total number of beam zones.

6. A terminal, comprising:

a synchronization signal receiving module for receiving a synchronization signal block transmitted by a base station; wherein the synchronization signal block includes: the information of the beam area and the position information of each time-frequency resource;

the time-frequency resource selection module is used for selecting time-frequency resources according to probability selection conditions based on the information of the beam region where the time-frequency resource selection module is located;

wherein the probability selection condition includes: selecting time-frequency resources conforming to a constraint formula of the resource selection probability;

wherein, the constraint formula of the resource selection probability comprises:

wherein i is a beam area index where the terminal is located, j is a time-frequency resource block index selected by the terminal, pi, j is probability of selecting a time-frequency resource block j by the terminal in the beam area i, and Z is total number of the beam areas;

and the random access module is used for transmitting a lead code on the time-frequency resource based on the position information of the selected time-frequency resource so as to perform random access.