CN113630147A - Radio frequency front-end circuit and electronic equipment comprising same - Google Patents
Radio frequency front-end circuit and electronic equipment comprising same Download PDFInfo
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- CN113630147A CN113630147A CN202111183837.0A CN202111183837A CN113630147A CN 113630147 A CN113630147 A CN 113630147A CN 202111183837 A CN202111183837 A CN 202111183837A CN 113630147 A CN113630147 A CN 113630147A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
- H04B1/40—Circuits
- H04B1/401—Circuits for selecting or indicating operating mode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/005—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission adapting radio receivers, transmitters andtransceivers for operation on two or more bands, i.e. frequency ranges
- H04B1/0064—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission adapting radio receivers, transmitters andtransceivers for operation on two or more bands, i.e. frequency ranges with separate antennas for the more than one band
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/02—Transmitters
- H04B1/04—Circuits
- H04B1/0458—Arrangements for matching and coupling between power amplifier and antenna or between amplifying stages
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/06—Receivers
- H04B1/16—Circuits
- H04B1/18—Input circuits, e.g. for coupling to an antenna or a transmission line
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Abstract
The invention discloses a radio frequency front-end circuit which comprises a radio frequency transmitter, a radio frequency receiver and an antenna filtering unit, wherein the radio frequency transmitter comprises a power amplifier and an output matching network, the radio frequency receiver comprises a low noise amplifier, a first switch and an inductive load, the antenna filtering unit comprises an antenna unit and a filter, the first end of the filter is connected with the antenna unit, the second end of the filter is connected between the first end of the output matching network and the first end of the inductive load, the second end of the output matching network is connected with the output end of the power amplifier, the second end of the inductive load is connected with the input end of the low noise amplifier, the first end of the first switch is connected between the low noise amplifier and the inductive load, and the second end of the first switch is grounded. The invention also discloses an electronic device comprising the radio frequency front-end circuit. The invention can reduce the occupied area of the radio frequency front end device, the radio frequency insertion loss and the cost.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of radio frequency front end technologies, and in particular, to a radio frequency front end circuit and an electronic device including the same.
Background
With the continuous development of communication technology, the requirements of people on the quality of communication signals are continuously improved. The inventor finds that at least the following problems exist in the prior communication technology: in the existing solutions of the rf front end, in order to achieve the purpose of sharing an antenna by the rf receiver and the rf transmitter, an antenna duplexer is mostly implemented by using rf switches, rf couplers, and the like. The indexes of radio frequency insertion loss, isolation, bandwidth, stability and the like brought by the method cannot be ignored, more radio frequency switches and radio frequency couplers are needed particularly under the condition of multiple antennas, the realization method occupies a large amount of device area, and the cost is high.
The above background disclosure is only for the purpose of assisting understanding of the concept and technical solution of the present invention and does not necessarily belong to the prior art of the present patent application, and should not be used for evaluating the novelty and inventive step of the present application in the case that there is no clear evidence that the above content is disclosed at the filing date of the present patent application.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a radio frequency front end circuit of a transceiver sharing an antenna and an electronic device including the same, which can reduce an occupied area of a radio frequency front end device, a radio frequency insertion loss, and a cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses a radio frequency front-end circuit, which comprises a radio frequency transmitter, a radio frequency receiver and an antenna filtering unit, wherein the radio frequency transmitter comprises a power amplifier and an output matching network, the radio frequency receiver comprises a low noise amplifier, a first switch and an inductive load, the antenna filtering unit comprises an antenna unit and a filter, and the radio frequency front-end circuit comprises: the first end of the filter is connected to the antenna unit, the second end of the filter is connected between the first end of the output matching network and the first end of the inductive load, the second end of the output matching network is connected to the output end of the power amplifier, the second end of the inductive load is connected to the input end of the low noise amplifier, the first end of the first switch is connected between the low noise amplifier and the inductive load, and the second end of the first switch is grounded.
Preferably, the output matching network includes a radio frequency transformer, a tunable capacitor, and a first inductive component, the first inductive component includes a plurality of inductive elements, wherein a part of the inductive elements of the first inductive component is connected between the second end of the filter and the first end of the secondary coil of the radio frequency transformer, the second end of the secondary coil of the radio frequency transformer is connected to the tunable capacitor and/or the other part of the inductive elements in the first inductive component and then grounded, and both ends of the primary coil of the radio frequency transformer are connected to the output end of the power amplifier.
Furthermore, the inductive element is one of a binding line of an inductor and an integrated chip, a coil, a transmission line, a magnetic bead and a conductor wire with inductive parasitics.
Preferably, the first inductive component includes a first inductive element, a second inductive element and a third inductive element, the first inductive element is connected between the second end of the filter and the first end of the secondary coil of the radio frequency transformer, the second inductive element and the adjustable capacitor are connected in series and then grounded after being connected to the second end of the secondary coil of the radio frequency transformer, and the third inductive element is connected in parallel between the second inductive element and two ends of the adjustable capacitor.
Preferably, the first switch is a triode switch.
Preferably, the radio frequency front-end circuit further includes n single-pole multi-throw radio frequency switches, where the number of the radio frequency receivers and the number of the antenna filtering units are respectively n, each of the radio frequency receivers is connected to the corresponding antenna filtering unit, the low noise amplifier in each of the radio frequency receivers is connected to the second end of the corresponding inductive load, the first end of each of the first switches is connected between the corresponding low noise amplifier and the inductive load, and the second end is grounded; the movable end of the single-pole multi-throw radio frequency switch is connected to the first end of the output matching network, a plurality of immovable ends are respectively connected between the second end of the corresponding filter of each group and the first end of the inductive load, the first end of the filter of each antenna filtering unit is connected with the corresponding antenna unit, and n is a natural number greater than 1.
Preferably, the radio frequency front-end circuit further includes n single-pole multi-throw radio frequency switches, a first end of the filter of each antenna filtering unit is connected to the corresponding antenna unit, a second end of the filter is connected to a plurality of stationary ends of the single-pole multi-throw radio frequency switch, the stationary end of the single-pole multi-throw radio frequency switch is connected between the first end of the output matching network and the first end of the inductive load, so that any one of the antenna filtering units can be connected to the radio frequency transmitter and the radio frequency receiver in a single-channel common-path through the single-pole multi-throw radio frequency switch, and n is a natural number greater than 1.
Preferably, in addition to the single-channel common-channel radio frequency transmitter and the radio frequency receiver, the radio frequency front-end circuit further includes a single-pole multi-throw radio frequency switch, a mixer, n-1 independent radio frequency receivers and n-1 independent antenna filtering units, each independent radio frequency receiver is connected to the corresponding independent antenna filtering unit, a fixed end of the single-pole multi-throw radio frequency switch is respectively connected to output ends of the low noise amplifier and the n-1 independent radio frequency receivers, a movable end of the single-pole multi-throw radio frequency switch is connected to an input end of the mixer, an output end of the mixer is used for connecting an analog-to-digital converter, and n is a natural number greater than 1.
Preferably, in addition to the single-channel common-channel radio frequency transmitter and the radio frequency receiver, the radio frequency front-end circuit further includes a single-pole multi-throw radio frequency switch, n mixers, n-1 independent radio frequency receivers and n-1 independent antenna filtering units, each independent radio frequency receiver is connected to the corresponding independent antenna filtering unit, input ends of the n mixers are respectively connected to output ends of the low noise amplifier and the n-1 independent radio frequency receivers, a stationary end of the single-pole multi-throw radio frequency switch is respectively connected to output ends of the n mixers, a moving end of the single-pole multi-throw radio frequency switch is used for connecting an analog-to-digital converter, and n is a natural number greater than 1.
Preferably, the independent rf receiver includes an independent low noise amplifier and an independent inductive load, a first end of the independent inductive load is connected to the independent antenna filtering unit, and a second end of the independent inductive load is connected to an input end of the independent low noise amplifier.
The invention also discloses electronic equipment comprising the radio frequency front-end circuit.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a radio frequency front-end circuit and electronic equipment comprising the same.A radio frequency receiver and a radio frequency transmitter are designed, a radio frequency switch or a radio frequency coupler is not needed, and a single-channel transceiver of an antenna can be shared; the problems of indexes such as radio frequency insertion loss, isolation, bandwidth and stability caused by a radio frequency switch or a radio frequency coupler are solved, so that the occupied area of a radio frequency front-end device and the radio frequency insertion loss can be reduced, and the cost is reduced.
In a further scheme, based on the mode that the transceivers share the antenna, in a multi-antenna application scenario, the single-channel transceiver can share the switch for switching, so that multi-antenna channel selection is realized. Compared with the traditional multi-antenna multi-switch mode, the front end of the radio frequency transmitter has a filtering protection effect on the radio frequency receiver.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an rf front-end circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an operating state of a radio frequency transmitter in a radio frequency front end circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating an operating state of an rf receiver in an rf front-end circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an rf front-end circuit according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an rf front-end circuit according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an rf front-end circuit according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an rf front-end circuit according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. It should be emphasized that the following description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention or its application.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element. In addition, the connection may be for either a fixed function or a circuit/signal communication function.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a radio frequency front-end circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention, which illustrates a common-antenna single-channel transceiver, and includes a radio frequency transmitter, a radio frequency receiver, and an antenna filtering unit, wherein the radio frequency transmitter includes a power amplifier PA, and a radio frequency transformer T at an output end1Tunable capacitor C1And an inductive element Z1、Z2、Z3The inductive element generally refers to a binding line of an inductor and an integrated chip, and also includes, but is not limited to, a coil, a transmission line, a magnetic bead, a conductor trace with inductive parasitics, and the like, and the tunable capacitor C1The capacitance value can be controlled by an external control or a digital logic circuit to change the size of the capacitance value; the radio frequency receiver comprises a low noise amplifier LNA, a triode switch M at the input end of the LNA1And an inductive element Zlna(ii) a The Antenna filtering unit comprises an Antenna unit Antenna and a Filter, and is mainly used for transmitting and receiving signals, and one end of the Filter is connected with the Antenna unit AntennaAnd the other end is connected with the radio frequency receiver and the radio frequency transmitter, in the embodiment, the Filter comprises a capacitor C2、C3And an inductance L1Inductance L1Is connected to a capacitor C2、C3Between, capacitance C2、C3The other ends of the filters are grounded, respectively, but the structure of the Filter is not limited thereto.
Radio frequency transformer T1Both ends of the primary coil are connected with the output end of the power amplifier PA, and the radio frequency transformer T1Is connected with an inductive element Z at a first end1Radio frequency transformer T1The second end of the secondary coil is connected with an adjustable capacitor C in sequence1And an inductive element Z2Rear grounded, inductive element Z3Connected in parallel to an adjustable capacitor C1And an inductive element Z2Between the two ends of the base; triode switch M1Is connected to the input of the low noise amplifier LNA and the inductive element ZlnaThe second end is grounded; one end of the Filter is connected with the Antenna unit Antenna, and the other end is connected with the inductive element Z1And an inductive element ZlnaIn the meantime. Triode switch M1Conducting in normal state, short-circuiting the input terminal of the low noise amplifier LNA to ground, protecting the low noise amplifier LNA, and switching the triode switch M only when the low noise amplifier LNA is in operation1And (5) disconnecting.
As shown in fig. 2, the rf front-end circuit is in an operating mode in which the rf transmitter transmits a power signal, and the tunable capacitor C is used1Matched radio frequency transformer T1An inductive element Z1、Z2、Z3And the Filter adjusts the output of the power amplifier PA to the optimal power transmitting state in a matching way, so that the radio frequency transmitter transmits power signals to the Antenna unit Antenna with the optimal efficiency and transmitting power. Adjustable capacitor C1The capacitance value has a certain adjustable range, and the capacitance value can be adjusted to perform corresponding impedance matching according to the selection of the working frequency of the radio frequency transmitter, so that the power amplifier PA can be adapted to better power performance in a quite wide frequency spectrum range. This applies in particular to ultra-wideband, multibandThe radio frequency front end of (1).
The LNA in this mode will be in the off standby state, where the triode switch M is turned on1The low noise amplifier is controlled to be conducted, and the input end of the low noise amplifier LNA is short-circuited to the ground, so that the signal of the radio frequency transmitter is prevented from leaking to the radio frequency receiver, and the high isolation degree is realized. At the same time, the inductive element Z on the radio receiver sidelnaWith a triode switch M short to ground1Equivalent to an inductance connected in parallel to ground, which is high impedance to the matching network of the radio frequency transmitter at the operating frequency of the radio frequency transmitter. Generally, the inductive element ZlnaWith a triode switch M short to ground1Equivalent inductive load can be realized by increasing the capacitive load C of the Filter Filter2To counteract the effect of the complex load without any signal attenuation or loss of the power signal of the radio frequency transmitter.
As shown in fig. 3, the rf front-end circuit is in an operating mode for receiving signals from the rf receiver, wherein the low noise amplifier LNA is operated and the triode switch M is turned on1Is controlled to be disconnected, an input signal is received from the Antenna unit Antenna, passes through the Filter Filter and the inductive element ZlnaEntering a low noise amplifier LNA; in this embodiment, the LNA is designed as a wideband, low-noise, high-gain amplifier, and the capacitor C5 replaces the feedback resistor from the output end to the input end in the conventional structure, and plays roles of capacitive feedback, blocking dc loop, and wideband impedance matching; the Filter and the inductive element Z are matched through a capacitor C5lnaAnd low-noise and high-gain input matching of a wider frequency spectrum is easily realized.
The power amplifier PA in this working mode is in a shutdown standby state, and the RF transformer T is in a shutdown standby state1The primary coil is in a grounded or suspended state, and does not transmit power signals; adjustable capacitor C1And a radio frequency transformer T1Secondary coil inductance, inductive element Z1、Z2、Z3An LC series notch filter is formed. Adjusting tunable capacitor C1To make the LC series notch filter resonate in the specific reflectionIf the working frequency of the radio frequency receiver is lower (or higher), the working frequency of the radio frequency receiver presents high impedance, and the useful signals received by the radio frequency receiver are not influenced; the low-impedance LC series notch filter has low impedance at the resonance frequency and has stronger notch filtering effect on low-frequency (or high-frequency) sidelobe noise of an input signal. In this embodiment, the operating frequency of the radio frequency receiver is in a frequency band from 6GHz to 8GHz, and the notch filter can be easily set in a frequency band from 2GHz to 5GHz or a frequency band greater than 8Hz, and has a strong filtering effect on a plurality of common communication protocol frequency bands, including but not limited to Bluetooth, WIFI, 4G LTE, 3G WCDMA, and the like.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a radio frequency front end circuit according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and this embodiment illustrates an application of the radio frequency front end structure in a multi-antenna scenario. When ultra-wideband positioning and ranging is involved, the radio frequency front end often needs to use multiple antennas to form a positioning antenna matrix. The radio frequency front-end circuit of the first embodiment has disclosed the method that the radio frequency receiver and the radio frequency transmitter in the single antenna channel do not have the shared antenna of the radio frequency switch; in the application scene of multiple antennas, the radio frequency front end structure can also share the antenna by inserting the radio frequency switch and receiving and transmitting of multiple paths of antennas, and meanwhile, the front end of the radio frequency transmitter has a filtering protection effect on the input of the radio frequency receiver.
Specifically, in this embodiment, compared with the first embodiment, the rf front-end circuit structure further includes a single-pole multi-throw rf switch, where n rf receivers and n antenna filtering units are provided, each rf receiver is connected to a corresponding antenna filtering unit, and the low noise amplifier LNAi in each rf receiver is connected to a corresponding inductive element ZlnaiSecond terminal of each triode switch MiIs connected to the corresponding low noise amplifier LNAi and inductive element ZlnaiThe second end is grounded; the moving end of the single-pole multi-throw radio frequency Switch is connected with an inductive element Z1A plurality of fixed ends are respectively connected with the second end of the Filter i and the inductive element Z corresponding to each grouplnaiBetween the first ends of the filters Filter i of each antenna filtering unit and the correspondingThe Antenna elements Antenna i are connected, n is a natural number larger than 1, and i takes the values of 1, 2, … … and n.
In general, the RF receiver is constituted by a low noise amplifier LNAi, passing through an inductive element ZlnaiA Filter i connected with the Antenna unit antennai, and a triode switch M at the input end of the low noise amplifier LNAiiAnd (4) protecting. In the application of multiple antennas, when multiple rf receivers need to receive signals simultaneously, each Antenna unit Antenna i is connected to the rf receiver separately, and multiple channels are independent from each other. The radio frequency transmitter is connected to the inductive element Z of any radio frequency receiver through a single-pole multi-throw radio frequency SwitchlnaiAnd Filter i.
In the embodiment, when the radio frequency receivers receive signals, the multi-channel radio frequency receivers are not interfered with each other, and the isolation degree is high. At the moment, the radio frequency transmitter does not work, and a notch filter formed by an output network of the radio frequency transmitter can be connected to any one path of radio frequency receiver through a single-pole multi-throw radio frequency Switch to filter a received signal of the radio frequency receiver. When a radio frequency transmitter transmits a power signal, the power amplifier PA can freely select any one antenna channel through the single-pole multi-throw radio frequency Switch, and the power amplifier PA has good adaptability to the development of multi-antenna application. The RF receiver is normally in off standby mode with its triode switch MiShort-circuited to ground, it acts as an isolation and ESD protection for the low noise amplifier LNAi. Inductive component Z of a radio frequency receiverlnaiBeing connected in parallel to ground, exhibits a high impedance at the operating frequency of the radio frequency transmitter, having no effect on the output signal power of the radio frequency transmitter.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a radio frequency front end circuit according to a third embodiment of the present invention, and this embodiment shows an application of another radio frequency front end structure in a multi-antenna scenario. When the multiple antennas receive signals in a time-sharing mode, the single-channel transceiver can be multiplexed in a time-sharing mode, and the single-channel transceiver is connected with the multiple antenna channels through the single-pole multi-throw switch, so that the single-channel transceiver is connected with the multiple antenna arrays in a time-sharing mode, and receives and transmits antenna signals in a time-sharing mode.
Specifically, in the first embodiment of the present invention, the rf front-end circuit structure further includes a single bladeThe multi-throw radio frequency switch comprises n Antenna filtering units, wherein the first end of a Filter i of each Antenna filtering unit is connected with the corresponding Antenna unit Antenna i, the second end of the Filter i of each Antenna filtering unit is respectively connected with a plurality of fixed ends of the single-pole multi-throw radio frequency switch, and the movable end of the single-pole multi-throw radio frequency switch is connected with an inductive element Z1And an inductive element ZlnaN is a natural number larger than 1, and i takes the values of 1, 2, … … and n.
In this embodiment, based on the single-channel transceiver of the first embodiment, the rf receiver mainly includes a low noise amplifier LNA and a triode switch M1The radio frequency transmitter mainly comprises a power amplifier PA and an output matching network, and the output matching network comprises a transformer T1A tunable capacitor C1 and inductive elements Z1, Z2, Z3. The radio frequency receiver and the radio frequency transmitter are connected by an inductive element. In the application of multiple antennas, a single-channel transceiver is connected to a multi-path Antenna unit Antenna i and a Filter i through a single-pole multi-throw radio frequency Switch. The single-channel transceiver is connected with each antenna in a time-sharing mode, and the radio-frequency receiver and the radio-frequency transmitter work in a time-sharing mode.
In this embodiment, when the rf receiver receives a signal, the notch filter formed by the output network of the rf transmitter always performs a filtering function on the received signal. Triode switch M of RF receiver when RF transmitter transmits power signal1Open, short-circuit the input of the radio frequency receiver to the ground, protect the radio frequency receiver and realize high isolation, and at the same time, the inductive element ZlnaSince it exhibits high impedance at the transmission frequency, it has no influence on the transmission power signal.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an rf front-end circuit according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, and this embodiment shows an application of another rf front-end structure in a multi-antenna scenario. In this embodiment, the multiple antennas are connected to the rf receiver, and the rf transmitter may be shared with any one of the antenna channels to form a single-channel transceiver.
Specifically, in a first embodiment of the present invention, the rf front-end circuit structure further includes a single-pole multi-throw rf switch, a Mixer, n-1 independent rf receivers and n-1 independent antenna filtering units, where each independent rf receiver is connected to a corresponding independent antenna filtering unit, a fixed end of the single-pole multi-throw rf switch is respectively connected to output ends of the low noise amplifier and the M independent rf receivers, a movable end of the single-pole multi-throw rf switch is connected to an input end of the Mixer, an output end of the Mixer is used for connecting an analog-to-digital converter (buffer & ADC), and n is a natural number greater than 1.
In this embodiment, the Antenna unit Antenna1 is the same as the single-channel transceiver in the first embodiment, and the rf receiver mainly includes a low noise amplifier LNA1 and a triode switch M1The radio frequency transmitter mainly comprises a power amplifier PA and an output matching network, and the output matching network comprises a transformer T1Tunable capacitor C1And an inductive element Z1、Z2、Z3. The radio frequency receiver and the radio frequency transmitter are connected by an inductive element. The other n-1 independent RF receivers include low noise amplifiers LNA 2-LNAn and inductive element Zlna2~ZlnanThe n-1 independent Antenna filtering units comprise Antenna units Antenna 2-Antenna n and filters Filter 2-Filter n, the Antenna units Antenna 2-Antenna n are correspondingly connected with one ends of the filters Filter 2-Filter n, and the other ends of the filters Filter 2-Filter n are respectively correspondingly connected with inductive elements Zlna2~ZlnanOne end of (1), an inductive element Zlna2~ZlnanThe other end of the low noise amplifier is correspondingly connected with the input ends of low noise amplifiers LNA 2-LNan, the output ends of the low noise amplifiers LNA 2-LNan and the output end of the low noise amplifier LNA1 are connected to the fixed end of the single-pole multi-throw radio frequency switch, the movable end of the single-pole multi-throw radio frequency switch is connected with the Mixer, and the Mixer down-frequency modulation is transmitted to the analog-to-digital converter buffer&An ADC. Wherein the n-1 independent channels have only antenna and rf receiver structures and no rf transmitter structures. The multi-path radio frequency receiver is connected with the Mixer Mixer through the single-pole multi-throw switch, down-converted and sent to the analog-to-digital converter buffer through the Mixer Mixer& ADC。
In this embodiment, the rf transmitter and one rf receiver share the Antenna1 in a time-sharing manner, and when the rf receiver receives a signal, the notch filter formed by the rf transmitter output networkThe filter filters the received signal. Triode switch M of RF receiver when RF transmitter transmits power signal1Open, short-circuit the input of the radio frequency receiver to the ground, protect the radio frequency receiver and realize high isolation, and at the same time, the inductive element Zlna1Since it exhibits high impedance at the transmission frequency, it has no influence on the transmission power signal. Other independent rf receiver channels receive the antenna signals separately.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an rf front-end circuit according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, which illustrates an application of another rf front-end structure in a multi-antenna scenario. In this embodiment, the multiple antennas are connected to the rf receiver, and the rf transmitter may be shared with any one of the antenna channels to form a single-channel transceiver.
Specifically, in a first embodiment of the present invention, the rf front-end circuit structure further includes a single-pole multi-throw rf switch, n mixers, n-1 independent rf receivers and n-1 independent antenna filtering units, each independent rf receiver is connected to a corresponding independent antenna filtering unit, input ends of the n mixers are respectively connected to output ends of the low noise amplifier and the n-1 independent rf receivers, a fixed end of the single-pole multi-throw rf switch is respectively connected to output ends of the n mixers, a movable end is used for connecting an analog-to-digital converter, and n is a natural number greater than 1.
In this embodiment, the Antenna unit Antenna1 is the same as the single-channel transceiver in the first embodiment, and the radio frequency receiver mainly includes a low noise amplifier LNA1 and a triode switch M1And a Mixer1, the radio frequency transmitter mainly comprises a power amplifier PA and an output matching network, the output matching network comprises a transformer T1Tunable capacitor C1And an inductive element Z1、Z2、Z3. The radio frequency receiver and the radio frequency transmitter are connected by an inductive element. The other n-1 independent RF receivers include low noise amplifiers LNA 2-LNAn and inductive element Zlna2~ZlnanThe n-1 independent Antenna filtering units comprise Antenna units Antenna 2-Antenna n and filters Filter 2-Filter n, the Antenna units Antenna 2-Antenna n are correspondingly connected with one of the filters Filter 2-Filter nThe other ends of the filters Filter 2-Filter n are respectively correspondingly connected with an inductive element Zlna2~ZlnanOne end of (1), an inductive element Zlna2~ZlnanThe other end of the low noise amplifier is correspondingly connected with the input ends of low noise amplifiers LNA 2-LNan, the output ends of the low noise amplifiers LNA 2-LNan and the output end of the low noise amplifier LNA1 are respectively connected with n Mixer i, the n Mixer i are respectively connected with the stationary end of the single-pole multi-throw radio frequency switch, and the moving end of the single-pole multi-throw radio frequency switch is connected with an analog-to-digital converter buffer&An ADC. Wherein the n-1 independent channels have only antenna and rf receiver structures and no rf transmitter structures. The multi-channel radio frequency receivers are connected at the rear end of the Mixer through the single-pole multi-throw switch, and the received signals of the radio frequency receivers are sent to the analog-to-digital converter buffer in a time-sharing manner& ADC。
In this embodiment, the rf transmitter and one rf receiver share the Antenna1 in a time-sharing manner, and when the rf receiver receives a signal, a notch filter formed by an output network of the rf transmitter performs a filtering function on the received signal. Triode switch M of RF receiver when RF transmitter transmits power signal1Open, short-circuit the input of the radio frequency receiver to the ground, protect the radio frequency receiver and realize high isolation, and at the same time, the inductive element ZlnaSince it exhibits high impedance at the transmission frequency, it has no influence on the transmission power signal. Other independent rf receiver channels receive the antenna signals separately.
Another embodiment of the present invention further discloses another electronic device, which includes the rf front-end circuit of the transceiver shared antenna in any of the above embodiments.
The background of the invention may contain background information related to the problem or environment of the present invention rather than the prior art described by others. Accordingly, the inclusion in the background section is not an admission of prior art by the applicant.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific/preferred embodiments and is not intended to limit the practice of the invention to those descriptions. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various substitutions and modifications can be made to the described embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these substitutions and modifications should be considered to fall within the scope of the invention. In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "preferred embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction. Although embodiments of the present invention and their advantages have been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A radio frequency front-end circuit comprising a radio frequency transmitter, a radio frequency receiver and an antenna filtering unit, the radio frequency transmitter comprising a power amplifier and an output matching network, the radio frequency receiver comprising a low noise amplifier, a first switch and an inductive load, the antenna filtering unit comprising an antenna unit and a filter, wherein:
the first end of the filter is connected to the antenna unit, the second end of the filter is connected between the first end of the output matching network and the first end of the inductive load, the second end of the output matching network is connected to the output end of the power amplifier, the second end of the inductive load is connected to the input end of the low noise amplifier, the first end of the first switch is connected between the low noise amplifier and the inductive load, and the second end of the first switch is grounded.
2. The rf front-end circuit according to claim 1, wherein the output matching network comprises a rf transformer, a tunable capacitor, and a first inductive component, the first inductive component comprising a plurality of inductive elements, wherein a part of the inductive elements of the first inductive component is connected between the second end of the filter and the first end of the secondary winding of the rf transformer, the second end of the secondary winding of the rf transformer is connected to the tunable capacitor and/or another part of the inductive elements of the first inductive component and then grounded, and both ends of the primary winding of the rf transformer are connected to the output end of the power amplifier; furthermore, the inductive element is one of a binding line of an inductor and an integrated chip, a coil, a transmission line, a magnetic bead and a conductor wire with inductive parasitics.
3. The rf front-end circuit according to claim 2, wherein the first inductive component comprises a first inductive element, a second inductive element and a third inductive element, the first inductive element is connected between the second end of the filter and the first end of the secondary winding of the rf transformer, the second inductive element and the tunable capacitor are connected in series and then grounded, and the third inductive element is connected in parallel between the second inductive element and two ends of the tunable capacitor.
4. The rf front-end circuit of claim 1, wherein the first switch is a triode switch.
5. The rf front-end circuit according to claim 1, further comprising n rf switches, wherein the number of the rf receivers and the number of the antenna filtering units are n, each of the rf receivers is connected to the corresponding antenna filtering unit, the low noise amplifier of each of the rf receivers is connected to the second end of the corresponding inductive load, the first end of each of the first switches is connected between the corresponding low noise amplifier and the inductive load, and the second end is grounded; the movable end of the single-pole multi-throw radio frequency switch is connected to the first end of the output matching network, a plurality of immovable ends are respectively connected between the second end of the corresponding filter of each group and the first end of the inductive load, the first end of the filter of each antenna filtering unit is connected with the corresponding antenna unit, and n is a natural number greater than 1.
6. The rf front-end circuit according to claim 1, further comprising n single-pole multi-throw rf switches, wherein a first end of the filter of each of the antenna filtering units is connected to the corresponding antenna unit, a second end of the filter is connected to a plurality of stationary ends of the single-pole multi-throw rf switches, respectively, a moving end of the single-pole multi-throw rf switch is connected between a first end of the output matching network and a first end of the inductive load, so that any one of the antenna filtering units can be connected to the rf transmitter and the rf receiver in a single-channel common-path through the single-pole multi-throw rf switch, and n is a natural number greater than 1.
7. The rf front-end circuit according to claim 1, further comprising a single-pole multi-throw rf switch, a mixer, n-1 independent rf receivers and n-1 independent antenna filtering units, wherein each independent rf receiver is connected to the corresponding independent antenna filtering unit, a fixed end of the single-pole multi-throw rf switch is connected to output ends of the low noise amplifier and the n-1 independent rf receivers, a moving end of the single-pole multi-throw rf switch is connected to an input end of the mixer, an output end of the mixer is connected to an analog-to-digital converter, and n is a natural number greater than 1.
8. The rf front-end circuit according to claim 1, further comprising a single-pole multi-throw rf switch, n mixers, n-1 independent rf receivers, and n-1 independent antenna filtering units, wherein each of the independent rf receivers is connected to the corresponding independent antenna filtering unit, input terminals of the n mixers are respectively connected to output terminals of the low noise amplifier and the n-1 independent rf receivers, a stationary terminal of the single-pole multi-throw rf switch is respectively connected to output terminals of the n mixers, a moving terminal is used for connecting an analog-to-digital converter, and n is a natural number greater than 1.
9. The rf front-end circuit according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the independent rf receiver comprises an independent low noise amplifier and an independent inductive load, a first terminal of the independent inductive load is connected to the independent antenna filtering unit, and a second terminal of the independent inductive load is connected to an input terminal of the independent low noise amplifier.
10. An electronic device comprising the radio frequency front end circuit of any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| WO2023160262A1 (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2023-08-31 | 华为技术有限公司 | Radio-frequency front-end circuit and electronic device |
| CN117118477A (en) * | 2023-10-25 | 2023-11-24 | 长江信达软件技术（武汉）有限责任公司 | LTE, NB-IoT, loRa and Beidou multi-radio frequency fusion circuit, signal processing method and application |
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| CN113630147B (en) | 2022-02-01 |
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