CN113626975A - Ballasted railway bed health state unit evaluation method and system - Google Patents
Ballasted railway bed health state unit evaluation method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a system for evaluating the health status units of ballast railway beds, wherein the method comprises the steps of dividing the roadbed beds of a target line according to the line length to obtain each effective bed evaluation unit; collecting ground penetrating radar data corresponding to all the evaluation units as evaluation basic data; based on the evaluation unit, sub-evaluation indexes which reflect the state of the foundation bed and the diseases of the foundation bed in the range of the evaluation unit are respectively calculated according to a set strategy, a corresponding weight is determined by using an FAHP technology, and a comprehensive evaluation index of the evaluation unit is decided; and after an analysis evaluation conclusion is obtained according to the comprehensive evaluation index, the comprehensive evaluation index is combined with the position information and the priority to be output in a correlation mode. By adopting the scheme, the health state evaluation of the subgrade bed is realized pertinently from various influence factors, the hidden abnormal state of the subgrade bed can be seen by a user through parameter processing and calculation, the abnormal state of the subgrade bed in the construction or operation process can be found in time, and assistance is provided for the targeted optimization and maintenance of the subgrade bed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of reliability evaluation and maintenance of track lines, in particular to a method and a system for evaluating a health state unit of a ballast railway bed.
Background
The high-speed track route has developed into one of the indispensable trip modes of modern transportation, and the railway roadbed is the foundation of track structure, is the geotechnical building that is built for satisfying track laying and operation condition. Roadbeds are generally composed of a roadbed body structure and an auxiliary structure; wherein, body structure includes bed, side slope and ground usually, and the additional structure divide into drainage structures, protective structure and reinforced structure, and the health condition of bed directly influences the operation security of track route.
In the operation process of a railway line, the safety of a roadbed is always a factor needing important attention, and based on the factor, a corresponding detection and evaluation method is provided for the state of the railway roadbed in the prior art, the roadbed is segmented according to a set length, corresponding disease types and disease degrees are respectively analyzed based on each segment, corresponding deduction values are set and summed with original integrals, the final scores are used for reflecting the evaluation result of the roadbed, and the evaluation result is generally divided into 3 grades. Because the diseases and abnormal states of the side slope and the auxiliary structure in the roadbed body structure are recognizable through external observation or detection, monitoring points can be conveniently and directly set for shooting and collecting data for evaluation, but the abnormal state data or the diseases of the roadbed are often concealed, and reliable accurate evaluation basis of the roadbed cannot be effectively collected by adopting direct or simple observation means, so that a reasonable health state evaluation scheme needs to be researched aiming at the concealment and the structural complexity of the railway roadbed structure.
It is noted that the above information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problem, the present invention provides a method for evaluating a health status unit of a ballast railway bed, where in one embodiment, the method includes:
an evaluation unit dividing step, namely dividing the roadbed of the target railway according to the line length to obtain each section of roadbed as an effective roadbed evaluation unit;
a foundation bed data acquisition step, namely acquiring corresponding ground penetrating radar data as evaluation basic data aiming at each effective foundation bed evaluation unit;
an evaluation index determining step, based on the evaluation basic data, respectively calculating sub-evaluation indexes reflecting roadbed foundation bed states and roadbed diseases according to the priority of each evaluation unit, determining corresponding weights by using an FAHP technology according to the sub-evaluation indexes, and deciding a comprehensive evaluation index of the evaluation unit;
and an evaluation conclusion output step of determining the evaluation conclusion of the evaluation unit according to the comprehensive evaluation index, further acquiring the distribution position information of each evaluation unit, and outputting the evaluation conclusion of the corresponding evaluation unit in a correlation manner by combining the distribution position information and the priority data.
Further, in one embodiment, in the evaluation unit dividing step, the roadbed of the target railway is divided into evaluation units with equal length, and the length of each unit evaluation unit is determined according to the total track length, the distribution area and the environmental characteristics of the railway.
Optionally, in another embodiment, in the evaluation unit dividing step, a roadbed of the target railway is subjected to first-layer division according to a distribution area and environmental characteristics, the whole line is divided into road segments of different levels, and then second-layer division is performed according to road segment lengths and level labels of various levels, so as to obtain equal-length evaluation units for the road segments of the various levels, where the length of the different-level road segment evaluation units is different.
Preferably, in one embodiment, the method further comprises:
and an effective subgrade obtaining step, recording all bridge and turnout data in the target railway line, marking, removing the length occupied by each marked bridge and turnout, and taking the obtained effective subgrade as an effective subgrade range for dividing the target railway subgrade evaluation unit.
Further, in an embodiment, the method further includes:
and setting evaluation priorities for all the foundation evaluation units according to the service time of the roadbed in each evaluation unit, the historical maintenance data, the change data of the local area environment and the running vehicle information.
Specifically, in one embodiment, in the evaluation index determining step, a sub-evaluation index representing the state of the subgrade bed is determined by:
calculating the average value of the surface thickness data of the foundation bed in all the ground penetrating radar signals as the surface thickness evaluation index of the corresponding evaluation unit;
uniformly dispersing each evaluation unit into a set number of evaluation subunits along the mileage direction, calculating the absolute value of the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the track bed thickness in the range of each subunit, and calculating the average value of the absolute values corresponding to each subunit to be used as the evaluation index of the deformation of the foundation bed of the evaluation unit;
if the filler of the foundation bed is non-coarse-grained soil, testing the filler sample of the foundation bed according to the geotechnical test regulations of railway engineering, determining the water content w1 of the filler of the foundation bed, and calibrating the foundation bed water content evaluation index of the evaluation unit based on the water content of the filler of the foundation bed and the water content of the stratum obtained from the ground penetrating radar signal.
In one embodiment, in the evaluation index determining step:
and determining the disease evaluation index of the foundation bed in the evaluation unit range according to the disease occurrence type and the disease occurrence length detected in the ground penetrating radar signal.
Preferably, in the evaluation index determining step, a track bed environment evaluation index corresponding to the bed is determined based on the ground penetrating radar detection information, and is used for calculating a comprehensive evaluation index of each evaluation unit of the railway bed, wherein the track bed environment evaluation index comprises a plurality of sub-evaluation indexes;
determining each sub-evaluation index embodying the roadbed environment by the following operations:
determining the thickness data of the track bed in the evaluation unit according to the obtained ground penetrating radar data, and determining the evaluation index of the track bed thickness by combining the set judgment standard;
determining the contents of pollutants with different sizes in a track bed and the porosity of the track bed by using ballast information detected in ground penetrating radar data, and determining the evaluation index of the pollution degree of the track bed by combining a set judgment standard;
testing a material sample of the track bed according to a standard test procedure, determining the moisture content w2 of the track bed, and calibrating the track bed moisture content evaluation index of an evaluation unit based on the moisture content w2 of the track bed and the moisture content of the track bed stratum obtained from a ground penetrating radar signal;
and determining the track state evaluation index according to the track detection data.
Further, in an embodiment, the method further includes: and analyzing the maintenance condition of the foundation bed in each evaluation unit according to the recorded historical maintenance data, and forming a corresponding historical maintenance evaluation index.
Based on other aspects of any one or more of the above embodiments, the invention further provides a system for evaluating the health status of the ballast railway bed, which performs the method of any one or more of the above embodiments.
Compared with the closest prior art, the invention also has the following beneficial effects:
according to the method for evaluating the health state unit of the ballast railway bed, the roadbed of a target line is divided according to the line length, data analysis and processing are carried out by taking an independent effective bed evaluation unit as a unit, the evaluation result can provide scientific basis for optimizing and compiling a bed maintenance plan, reasonably distributing maintenance resources and reasonably controlling maintenance cost, the railway maintenance concept in China is promoted to be changed to fine maintenance, accurate maintenance, preventive maintenance, centralized maintenance and the like, the railway operation is ensured to be safe and smooth, and the method has important theoretical significance and good application prospect;
furthermore, the sub-evaluation indexes which embody the state of the foundation bed and the disease of the foundation bed within the range of the evaluation unit are respectively calculated, the comprehensive evaluation index of the evaluation unit is determined, the defects that the traditional method only considers the incompleteness of the disease of the foundation bed, the coupling influence of factors such as the basic attribute of the foundation bed, the state of the ballast bed, the maintenance history and the like on the evaluation of the health state of the foundation bed is fully considered, the health state evaluation of the foundation bed is realized from various influence factors, the hidden abnormal state of the foundation bed can be accurately presented to users, and the timeliness and the reliability of finding and solving the problems of the foundation bed in the construction and operation processes are guaranteed. And the evaluation result is associated and output by combining the distribution positions of the evaluation units, so that the data information can be effectively identified by professional users and common users at the first time.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a ballast railway roadbed provided by the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of evaluation index concept of the ballasted railway bed health state unit evaluation method provided by the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a method for evaluating the health status unit of a ballast railway bed according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a method for evaluating the health status of a ballast railway bed according to another embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is an exemplary diagram of roadbed radar detection data of the ballasted railway bed health status unit evaluation method provided by the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6 is a basic flow chart of a fuzzy analytic hierarchy process in the ballasted railway bed health status unit evaluation method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a ballasted railway bed health status unit evaluation system provided by an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description will be provided for the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, so that the practitioner of the present invention can fully understand how to apply the technical means to solve the technical problems, achieve the technical effects, and implement the present invention according to the implementation procedures. It should be noted that, unless otherwise conflicting, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, and the technical solutions formed are all within the scope of the present invention.
Although a flowchart may describe the operations as a sequential process, many of the operations can be performed in parallel, concurrently, or simultaneously. The order of the operations may be rearranged. A process may be terminated when its operations are completed, but may have additional steps not included in the figure. A process may correspond to a method, a function, a procedure, a subroutine, a subprogram, etc.
The computer equipment comprises user equipment and network equipment. The user equipment or the client includes but is not limited to a computer, a smart phone, a PDA, and the like; network devices include, but are not limited to, a single network server, a server group of multiple network servers, or a cloud based on cloud computing consisting of a large number of computers or network servers. The computer devices may operate individually to implement the present invention or may be networked and interoperate with other computer devices in the network to implement the present invention. The network in which the computer device is located includes, but is not limited to, the internet, a wide area network, a metropolitan area network, a local area network, a VPN network, and the like.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
The railroad bed is the foundation of a track structure, and is a geotechnical building constructed to meet track laying and operating conditions. Roadbeds are generally composed of a roadbed body structure and an auxiliary structure; wherein, the body structure usually includes the foundation bed, side slope and ground, and the additional structure divide into drainage structures, protective structure and reinforced structure, as shown in fig. 1, the operation safety nature of track route is directly influenced to the health status of foundation bed.
In the operation process of a railway line, the safety of a roadbed is always a factor needing important attention, and based on the factor, a corresponding detection and evaluation method is provided for the state of the railway roadbed in the prior art, the roadbed of the railway line is segmented according to a set length, corresponding disease types and disease degrees are respectively analyzed based on each segment, corresponding deduction values are set and summed with original integrals, the final scores are used for reflecting the evaluation result of the roadbed, and the evaluation result is generally divided into 3 grades. Because the diseases and abnormal states of the side slope and the auxiliary structure in the roadbed body structure are recognizable through external observation or detection, monitoring points can be conveniently and directly set for shooting and collecting data for evaluation, but the abnormal state data or the diseases of the roadbed are often concealed, and reliable accurate evaluation basis of the roadbed cannot be effectively collected by adopting direct or simple observation means, so that a reasonable health state evaluation scheme needs to be researched for the roadbed of the railway roadbed.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a ballast railway bed health state unit evaluation method and system, aiming at a bed part of a roadbed, and aiming at 4 angles of a basic state, a bed disease, a ballast bed environment and maintenance history, according to an automatic and quantitative index selection principle, on the basis of a ground penetrating radar data analysis result, a plurality of comprehensive factors are considered, and a bed state comprehensive evaluation index (index) is established.
As shown in fig. 2, the "basic state" index includes the bed surface thickness, the bed deformation degree, and the bed moisture degree; the indexes of 'bed diseases' comprise slurry pumping, sinking and external extrusion, ballast sinking grooves, freezing damage and the like; the indexes of the 'track bed environment' comprise track bed thickness, track bed dirt degree, track bed water content degree and track state; the "repair history" class index contains the repair history.
The detailed flow of the method of the embodiments of the present invention is described in detail below based on the accompanying drawings, and the steps shown in the flow chart of the drawings can be executed in a computer system containing a computer-executable instruction such as a set of computer-executable instructions. Although a logical order of steps is illustrated in the flowcharts, in some cases, the steps illustrated or described may be performed in an order different than presented herein.
Example one
Fig. 3 shows a schematic flow chart of a method for evaluating the health status of a ballast railway bed according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as can be seen from fig. 3, the method includes the following steps.
An evaluation unit dividing step, namely dividing the roadbed of the target railway according to the line length to obtain each section of roadbed as an effective roadbed evaluation unit;
a foundation bed data acquisition step, wherein corresponding ground penetrating radar data are acquired as evaluation data aiming at each effective foundation bed evaluation unit;
an evaluation index determining step, based on the evaluation basic data, respectively calculating sub-evaluation indexes reflecting the state of the roadbed and the disease of the roadbed in the range of the evaluation unit according to the priority of each evaluation unit, determining a corresponding weight by using an FAHP technology according to each sub-evaluation index, and deciding a comprehensive evaluation index of the evaluation unit;
and an evaluation conclusion output step of acquiring the distribution position information of each evaluation unit, obtaining the evaluation conclusion of the evaluation unit according to the comprehensive evaluation index, and then outputting the evaluation conclusion of the corresponding evaluation unit in a correlation manner by combining the distribution position information and the priority data.
Specifically, in one embodiment, in the evaluation unit dividing step, the roadbed of the target railway may be divided into evaluation units of equal length, and the length of each unit evaluation unit is determined according to the total track length, distribution area, and environmental characteristics of the railway.
In practical application, the suitable length of each evaluation unit is determined according to the total line length, the distribution area and the environmental characteristics of the railway, for example, for a line with longer total line length, stable distribution area and regular environment, the length of the unit evaluation unit can be set to be longer according to the requirement, and the whole line S is further divided into the evaluation units S with equal length (S ═ S-1，s2，…，sm) And each evaluation unit corresponds to L-channel ground penetrating radar data.
In the field of track monitoring, since the track condition evaluation unit is 200m, the unit evaluation unit length can be set to 200m or an integral multiple thereof as required.
In addition, the conditions of different road sections can be specifically analyzed for the same complete railway route, and evaluation units with different division lengths can be decided for different road sections according to requirements.
Specifically, in another embodiment, in the evaluation unit dividing step, a roadbed of the target railway may be subjected to first-layer division according to a distribution area and environmental characteristics, the whole railway is divided into different levels of road segments, and then second-layer division is performed according to road segment lengths and level labels of various levels, so as to obtain equal-length evaluation units for the road segments of the various levels, where the length of the different-level road segment evaluation units is different.
In the embodiment of the invention, the whole line is divided into the plurality of evaluation units according to the requirements, so that the data processing control can be conveniently carried out on different road sections, the flexibility and the adjustability are stronger on the basis of ensuring the accuracy of the evaluation result, and the invalid calculation caused by the limitation of the calculation time is not easy to occur.
Considering that ground penetrating radar data of special road sections such as bridges and turnouts in a route does not contain effective detection data related to a foundation bed, in order to guarantee the efficiency of data processing to the maximum extent on the basis of guaranteeing the reliability of an evaluation result, interference road section screening processing is carried out on the whole route before evaluation units are divided.
Specifically, in a preferred embodiment, the method further comprises:
and an effective subgrade obtaining step, recording all bridge and turnout data in the target railway line, marking, removing the length occupied by each marked bridge and turnout, and taking the obtained effective subgrade as an effective subgrade range for dividing the target railway subgrade evaluation unit.
Partial invalid objects in the route are removed through the operation before the evaluation units are divided, so that the data processing efficiency can be improved, the effective base bed length in each divided evaluation unit can be ensured to be in accordance with the expected length even after the bridge and the turnout are removed, the balance is stronger, and the performance of the division granularity is kept to be optimal; as shown in the corresponding flow chart of this embodiment in fig. 4. Compared with the whole route, the type of the interference road section is not attached to the bridge and the turnout, any reasonable target screening road section can be set according to the requirement, for example, a tunnel is usually provided with a special roadbed structure.
In addition, for each evaluation unit, since many routes all involve multiple regions, and for a road section with frequent ponding or rainy and snowy weather, the probability of the abnormal phenomenon occurring on the foundation bed is also high, and it is necessary to provide more timely detection and evaluation for the abnormal phenomenon, in an embodiment of the present invention, the method further includes:
and setting evaluation priorities for all the foundation evaluation units according to the service time of the roadbed in each evaluation unit, the historical maintenance data, the change data of the local area environment and the running vehicle information.
For different evaluation units with priorities, the evaluation unit with the high priority can obtain an evaluation result firstly, timeliness of fault capture can be improved invisibly, assistance is provided for fault removal more preferably, the fault is found and removed in time, powerful support for guaranteeing train operation safety is provided, and meanwhile expansion and deterioration of fault conditions can be avoided.
Of course, when actually needed, a strategy of dividing the evaluation units and then taking out the interference factors can be flexibly selected, specifically, the length occupied by the bridge and the turnout is removed after the roadbed length in each unit is determined, and the effective track number range of each unit is obtained.
The ballast bed of the ballast railway is a gravel layer on the upper part of a foundation bed. The upper surface of the ballast bed is generally relatively flat, so that the thickness of the ballast bed can effectively reflect the flat condition of the upper surface of the surface layer of the foundation bed.
Fig. 5 is a ground penetrating radar image of a roadbed of an evaluation unit, as shown in fig. 4, wherein the horizontal direction is a line direction, and the vertical direction is a depth direction and is downward from the ground. The lines are interfaces of different layers, and are a ballast bed, a foundation bed surface layer and a foundation bed bottom layer from top to bottom in sequence.
According to the evaluation indexes of the state of the foundation bed, researchers consider the surface layer thickness, the deformation degree of the foundation bed and the moisture content of the foundation bed respectively;
specifically, in one embodiment, in the evaluation index determining step, a sub-evaluation index representing the state of the subgrade bed is determined by:
calculating the average value of the surface thickness data of the foundation bed in all the ground penetrating radar signals as the surface thickness evaluation index of the corresponding evaluation unit;
uniformly dispersing each evaluation unit into a set number of evaluation subunits along the mileage direction, calculating the absolute value of the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the track bed thickness in the range of each subunit, and calculating the average value of the absolute values corresponding to each subunit to be used as the evaluation index of the deformation of the foundation bed of the evaluation unit;
if the filler of the foundation bed is non-coarse-grained soil, testing the filler sample of the foundation bed according to the geotechnical test regulations of railway engineering, determining the water content w1 of the filler of the foundation bed, and calibrating the foundation bed water content evaluation index of the evaluation unit based on the water content of the filler of the foundation bed and the water content of the stratum obtained from the ground penetrating radar signal.
In actual application, for each evaluation unit, the average value of the bed surface thicknesses acquired by all the channels of signals in the unit is calculated, and the bed surface thicknesses in the evaluation units are graded according to the calculated average value, for example, all the bed surface thicknesses higher than a set value are determined to be 1 grade.
The deformation state of the foundation bed reflects the stress history and the bearing capacity of the foundation bed, and the foundation bed is generally flat and corresponds to a good roadbed. And according to the deformation degree of the foundation bed, uniformly dispersing each evaluation unit into N smaller subunits along the mileage direction, calculating the absolute value of the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the thickness of the track bed according to each subunit, and taking the value of each evaluation unit as the average value delta d of the values of each subunit.
For example, the following 3 stages can be classified according to the value of Δ d:
1) leveling: delta d is more than or equal to 0 and less than 100mm
2) Slightly undulating: delta d is more than or equal to 100mm and less than 150mm
3) Severe fluctuation: delta d is not less than 150mm
Aiming at the water content degree of the foundation bed, the coarse-grained soil filler is insensitive to the water content, so if the coarse-grained soil filler is used, the index does not participate in evaluation, and for the filler which is not coarse-grained soil, the water content w is calculated according to the radar signal energy (the depth range is selected from the foundation bed range), and then the water content w is combined with the laboratory sampling (the sampling depth is from the foundation bed range)The water content w1 is measured and calibrated. Plastic limit w of soil sample sampled on site by simultaneous test and detectionpAnd liquid limit wl。
For fine grained soil, 7 types can be classified: when the water content is 1 and 2, the foundation bed is dry corresponding to the dry and hard state of the soil, and diseases are not easy to occur; when the water content is 3, the soil can be slightly deformed under a larger pressure corresponding to the hard plastic state of the soil; when the water content is 4 and 5, the ballast is easy to sink into the foundation bed corresponding to the plastic state of the soil; when the water content is 6, the ballast sink groove is easy to appear corresponding to the soft plastic state of soil; when the water content is 7, the soil is easy to turn over and mud is easy to fall corresponding to the flow plastic state of the soil.
Therefore, these 7 classes are classified into the following 3 levels:
grade 1, drying: the water content is less than the plastic limit of the soil.
Grade 2, wet: the water content is greater than the plastic limit of the soil but not yet reaches the liquid limit of the soil
Grade 3, very wet: the water content is close to or larger than the liquid limit of the soil;
specifically, 1) stage 1, drying: the water content is less than the plastic limit of the soil.
Water content 1: w is more than 0 and less than or equal to wp/2
Water content 2: w is ap/2＜w≤wp。
2) Grade 2, wet: the water content is greater than the plastic limit of soil but not up to the liquid limit of soil, and the water content is divided into three subclasses
Water content 3: w is ap＜w≤wp+(wl-wp)/4。
Water content 4: w is ap+(wl-wp)/4＜w≤wp+(wl-wp)/2。
Water content 5: w is ap+(wl-wp)/2＜w≤wp+3(wl-wp)/4。
3) Grade 3, very wet: the water content is close to or greater than the liquid limit of soil, and the water content is divided into two subclasses according to the degree
Water content 6: w is ap+3(wl-wp)/4＜w≤wl
Water content 7:
wherein: w: roadbed water content
wp: plastic limit of soil;
wl: liquid limit of soil;
the method for calculating the water content according to the radar data is not limited uniquely. Examples are as follows: for the radar signal energy (the depth range is selected as the foundation range) of a certain evaluation unit, all sampling points in the area can be selected, and the sum of squares of the time domain signal energy is calculated to be used as the water content w, that is, the radar detection result of the water content condition is only used as the basis of foundation drainage condition evaluation and is not used as the final grading evaluation index.
Further, after field sampling, the water content w1 measured in a laboratory (standard method, railway engineering geotechnical test code TB10102-2010) and the water content w calculated by radar data are calibrated.
During actual calibration, linear regression can be performed by using w and w1 of a plurality of data points to obtain a mapping relation between the two.
As the difference of the same soil quality is not large, the plastic limit and the liquid limit of filler soil samples of different evaluation units in a road section do not need to be respectively measured, but when the line length is long, the province and the different geological regions are spanned, multipoint sampling is needed, and the proper plastic limit and the proper liquid limit are respectively determined so as to ensure the accuracy of the calculation result of the water content of the foundation bed.
Further, in one embodiment, in the evaluation index determining step:
and specifically, determining a disease evaluation index of the foundation bed in the evaluation unit range according to the disease occurrence type and the disease occurrence length detected in the ground penetrating radar signal.
The related foundation bed diseases at least comprise slurry pumping, sinking and outward extrusion, freezing damage and ballast sinking grooves, and the foundation bed with different diseases is determined and rated according to the length of the foundation bed with the diseases and the types of the diseases.
The following evaluation levels are determined, for example, according to "high-speed railway roadbed repair rules" (TG/GW 120-2015):
the mud pumping disease of 100M is 1 grade, and 50-100 is 2 grade … …
Disease subsidence of the foundation bed is grade 1 and the like in the condition of 200M.
The specific decision criteria can be adjusted according to the formation characteristics of the area in which the relevant line or section is located.
Further, due to the intrusion of external dust, the abrasion and pulverization of the railway ballast and the like, along with the operation of the train, fine particles can intrude into gaps among the railway ballast particles and gradually develop the phenomenon of the fouling of the railway bed. The fouling of the track bed is one of the main types of diseases of the track bed and is an important factor influencing the performance of the track bed. The dirt causes the mechanical property of the ballast bed to be reduced, the drainage capacity to be reduced, the ballast bed to sink unevenly and the like, when the dirt develops to a certain degree, the transverse resistance of the ballast bed is seriously reduced, even the diseases such as slurry turning, mud pumping, ballast bed hardening and the like are caused, and the running quality and the operation safety of a train are seriously influenced.
For example, in the repair rules of the ordinary railway lines (TG/GW 102-2019) and the repair rules of the ballast track lines (trial run) of the high-speed railway (No. 2013-29) in China, the dirt of the track bed is listed as the line quality evaluation grade standard and the large and medium repair acceptance standard. In the line quality assessment scoring standard, the degree of track bed fouling, i.e. the percentage of the mass of the granular component with a grain size of less than 25mm to the total weight of the track bed, is evaluated by the track bed mass fouling rate.
In one embodiment, the track bed state is an important reflective aspect of the bed state, considering that the environmental state of the bed is extremely closely linked to the in-service state of the bed, because the bed and the bed are strongly coupled. Therefore, in the evaluation index determining step, determining a track bed environment evaluation index corresponding to the foundation bed based on the ground penetrating radar detection information, and calculating a comprehensive evaluation index of each evaluation unit of the railway foundation bed, wherein the track bed environment evaluation index comprises a plurality of sub-evaluation indexes;
determining each sub-evaluation index embodying the roadbed environment by the following operations:
determining the thickness data of the track bed in the evaluation unit according to the obtained ground penetrating radar data, and determining the evaluation index of the track bed thickness by combining the set judgment standard;
determining the contents of pollutants with different sizes in the track bed and the porosity of the track bed by using the ballast information detected in the ground penetrating radar data, and determining the evaluation index of the pollution degree of the track bed by combining the set judgment standard.
In practical application, the pollution condition of the track bed is analyzed according to the radar detection result and the field calibration value, and the pollution condition is divided into the following categories:
level 1: clean railway ballast
Cleaning, wherein the content of powder particles with the particle size of less than 16mm is less than 5 percent and less than 0.1mm is not more than 1 percent; or the per-bed voidage is greater than 25%.
Or the comparison is clean: the gap rate of the ballast bed is 20-25%.
2) Grade 2, slight contamination: the ballast bed contains partial pollutants, the working performance of the ballast bed is partially influenced, and the voidage of the ballast bed is 10-20%.
3) Grade 3, contamination: the ballast bed contains a large amount of pollutants, the operating performance of the ballast bed is greatly affected, or the voidage of the ballast bed is below 10%.
Testing a material sample of the track bed according to a standard test procedure, determining the moisture content w2 of the track bed, and calibrating the track bed moisture content evaluation index of an evaluation unit based on the moisture content w2 of the track bed and the moisture content of the track bed stratum obtained from a ground penetrating radar signal; the depth range is the range of the ballast bed;
the water-containing condition of the track bed is carried out according to the radar detection result and the field calibration condition, and can be divided into the following categories:
grade 1, drying: the ballast bed has good drainage capacity.
Grade 2, wet: the ballast bed drainage capacity is hindered.
Grade 3, very wet: the ballast bed drainage capacity is severely hampered.
And determining the track state evaluation index according to the track detection data.
Wherein, the maintenance history is arranged according to the data of the work department.
Further, in one embodiment, the method further comprises: and analyzing the maintenance condition of the foundation bed in each evaluation unit according to the recorded historical maintenance data, and forming a corresponding historical maintenance evaluation index.
Specifically, in practical application, analyzing the maintenance condition of the foundation bed comprises analyzing the maintenance type, the maintenance difficulty, the maintenance part and the maintenance scale (length) of the foundation bed in a set evaluation period, and forming a historical maintenance evaluation index based on various data.
And finally, based on various evaluation indexes of each evaluation unit of the circuit, the FAHP method is adopted to finally obtain the weight of each sub-evaluation index, and further obtain the comprehensive evaluation index of each evaluation unit, such as the grade (from 3 grades to 1 grades are good, qualified and failed in sequence).
The basic flow of the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) is shown in FIG. 6; the specific execution logic of the FAHP was analyzed in conjunction with the operation flow in the figures as follows:
in the FAHP method, a triangular fuzzy number is used for representing fuzzy comparison and judgment, and a traditional Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is developed to be capable of being used in a fuzzy environment. The triangular fuzzy number M is usually expressed as (l, M, u), where M is the median value of M with a degree of membership of 1, and when x ═ M, M completely belongs to M; l and u represent the lower and upper bounds, respectively, and the ranges outside l and u do not belong to the fuzzy number M at all.
Let M1＝(l1,m1,u1),M2＝(l2,m2,u2) And M is (l, M, u) is a triangular fuzzy number respectively, the probability degree of M1 being more than or equal to M2 is calculated according to the following formula:
let X be { X ═ X1,x2,…,xnIs a set of objects, U ═ U1,u2,…,umIs the target set, the degree values of m targets in the target set satisfied by the ith object are respectively expressed as
The ith object satisfies the fuzzy comprehensive degree value S of the m targetsiCalculated according to the following formula:
specifically, the process of constructing the hierarchical structure model includes:
and establishing a hierarchical analysis model according to the analysis result of each evaluation index of the high-speed railway bed. As shown in table 3.1, it consists of 4 primary indexes and 13 secondary indexes. The hierarchical structure of the model comprises the following 3 layers:
(1) target layer (A)
(2) Criterion layer (A1-A4)
(3) Index layer (A11-A13, A21-A25, A31-A34, A41)
TABLE 3.1 high-speed railway bedded state hierarchy analysis model
Further, the weight of each layer evaluation index is calculated by:
according to the FAHP method principle, in order to consider the influence degree of the "criterion layer-target layer", two-by-two comparison is performed on the indexes (each criterion) located in the same layer (taking the simulation data of 3-bit experts as an example), the proportion relative to a certain criterion in the same layer is determined, and quantitative scoring is performed, so that a fuzzy judgment matrix of the criterion layer relative to the target layer is obtained, as shown in table 3.2. The corresponding comprehensive fuzzy judgment matrix is obtained by means of average value calculation, as shown in table 3.3.
The calculation method of the fuzzy judgment matrix of the index layer-the criterion layer is the same as that of the criterion layer-the target layer. Based on the weight vector W of "criterion layer-target layer", and the weight vector (W) of "index layer-criterion layer1,W2,W3,W4) Then, the weight vector of the index layer-target layer can be calculated.
TABLE 3.2 fuzzy judge matrix of A1-A4 for A
TABLE 3.3 comprehensive fuzzy judgment matrix of A1-A4 for A
Each criterion of the criterion layer is compared pairwise, each possibility degree is calculated, the hierarchical single sorting is carried out, the possibility degree of each criterion which is more important than all other criteria is calculated respectively, then the normalization calculation is carried out on the results, and the final weight vector of the criterion layer-target layer is obtained, and the final weight vector is shown in a table 3.4.
TABLE 3.4 weight of high-speed railway bedded State evaluation System index
Further, according to "high-speed railway roadbed repair rules" (TG/GW 120-2015), the state grade of the high-speed railway roadbed is divided into 3 grades, and the excellent, qualified and failed grades are sequentially arranged from 3 grades to 1 grade. And according to the weight values, weighting calculation is carried out on each index to obtain a membership matrix, and the membership vector of the evaluation unit is obtained through summation calculation, wherein the membership vector is shown in a table 3.5.
According to the principle of maximum membership degree, the evaluation unit has the state of the foundation bed at the level 1, namely, excellent.
TABLE 3.5 degree of membership of evaluation units of the bedding
While, for purposes of simplicity of explanation, the foregoing method embodiments have been described as a series of acts or combination of acts, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited by the illustrated ordering of acts, as some steps may occur in other orders or concurrently with other steps in accordance with the invention. Further, those skilled in the art should also appreciate that the embodiments described in the specification are preferred embodiments and that the acts and modules referred to are not necessarily required by the invention.
The ballast railway bed health state unit evaluation method provided in each embodiment of the invention respectively calculates sub-evaluation indexes reflecting bed states and bed diseases within the range of the evaluation unit, serves to determine the comprehensive evaluation index of the evaluation unit, realizes evaluation of the health state of the bed of the roadbed from various influence factors, can accurately present the hidden abnormal state of the bed to users, and guarantees timeliness and reliability of finding and solving bed problems in the construction and operation processes. And the evaluation result is associated and output by combining the distribution positions of the evaluation units, so that the data information can be effectively identified by professional users and common users at the first time. The evaluation result can provide scientific basis for the optimization and compilation of the foundation bed maintenance plan, the reasonable distribution of maintenance resources and the reasonable control of maintenance cost, and has important theoretical significance and good application prospect for promoting the transformation of railway maintenance concepts of China to fine maintenance, accurate maintenance, preventive maintenance, centralized maintenance and the like, and ensuring the safe and smooth railway operation.
It should be noted that, in other embodiments of the present invention, the method may further obtain a new evaluation method for the health status unit of the ballast railway bed by combining one or some of the above embodiments.
It should be noted that, based on the method in any one or more of the above embodiments of the present invention, the present invention further provides a storage medium, where program codes for implementing the method in any one or more of the above embodiments are stored, and when the codes are executed by an operating system, the method for evaluating the health status unit of the ballast railway bed as described above can be implemented.
Example two
The method is described in detail in the embodiments disclosed in the present invention, and the method of the present invention can be implemented by using various types of devices or systems, so based on other aspects of the method in any one or more embodiments, the present invention further provides a system for evaluating the health status unit of a ballast railway bed, where the system is configured to execute the method for evaluating the health status unit of a ballast railway bed in any one or more embodiments. Specific examples are given below for a detailed description.
Specifically, fig. 7 shows a schematic structural diagram of a ballast railway bed health status unit evaluation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 7, the system includes:
an evaluation unit division module 71 configured to divide the roadbed of the target railway according to the line length, and to obtain each section of roadbed as an effective roadbed evaluation unit;
a foundation bed data acquisition module 73 configured to acquire corresponding ground penetrating radar data as evaluation basic data for each effective foundation bed evaluation unit;
an evaluation index determination module 75 configured to calculate sub-evaluation indexes representing the state of the roadbed and the disease of the roadbed within the range of the evaluation unit according to the priority of each evaluation unit based on the evaluation basic data, determine corresponding weights by using an FAHP technology according to each sub-evaluation index, and decide a comprehensive evaluation index of the evaluation unit;
and an evaluation conclusion output module 77 configured to acquire the distribution position information of each evaluation unit, obtain an evaluation conclusion of the evaluation unit according to the comprehensive evaluation index, and output an evaluation conclusion of the corresponding evaluation unit in association with the distribution position information and the priority data.
Specifically, in one embodiment, the evaluation unit dividing module is configured to divide the roadbed of the target railway into evaluation units with equal lengths, and the length of each unit evaluation unit is determined according to the total line length, the distribution area and the environmental characteristics of the railway.
In an optional embodiment, the evaluation unit division module may be further configured to perform first-layer division on a roadbed of the target railway according to the distribution area and the environmental characteristics, divide the whole line into road segments of different levels, and further perform second-layer division according to road segment lengths and level labels of various levels, so as to obtain equal-length evaluation units for the road segments of the various levels, where the length of the road segment evaluation units of different levels is different.
Further, in one embodiment, the system further comprises: and the effective subgrade acquisition module 70 is used for recording and marking all bridge and turnout data in the target railway line, removing the length occupied by each marked bridge and turnout, and taking the obtained effective subgrade as the effective subgrade range for dividing the target railway subgrade evaluation unit.
In one embodiment, the system further comprises a priority determination module 74 configured to: and setting evaluation priorities for all the foundation evaluation units according to the service time of the roadbed in each evaluation unit, the historical maintenance data, the change data of the local area environment and the running vehicle information.
Specifically, in one embodiment, the evaluation index determination module determines a sub-evaluation index embodying a subgrade bed status by:
calculating the average value of the surface thickness data of the foundation bed in all the ground penetrating radar signals as the surface thickness evaluation index of the corresponding evaluation unit;
uniformly dispersing each evaluation unit into a set number of evaluation subunits along the mileage direction, calculating the absolute value of the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the track bed thickness in the range of each subunit, and calculating the average value of the absolute values corresponding to each subunit to be used as the evaluation index of the deformation of the foundation bed of the evaluation unit;
if the filler of the foundation bed is non-coarse-grained soil, testing the filler sample of the foundation bed according to the geotechnical test regulations of railway engineering, determining the water content w1 of the filler of the foundation bed, and calibrating the foundation bed water content evaluation index of the evaluation unit based on the water content of the filler of the foundation bed and the water content of the stratum obtained from the ground penetrating radar signal.
Specifically, the evaluation index determination module is configured to: and determining the disease evaluation index of the foundation bed in the evaluation unit range according to the disease occurrence type and the disease occurrence length detected in the ground penetrating radar signal.
Optionally, in an embodiment, the evaluation index determining module is further configured to determine a track bed environment evaluation index corresponding to a bed based on the ground penetrating radar detection information, and is used to calculate a comprehensive evaluation index of each evaluation unit of the railway bed, where the track bed environment evaluation index includes a plurality of sub-evaluation indexes;
determining each sub-evaluation index embodying the roadbed environment by the following operations:
determining the thickness data of the track bed in the evaluation unit according to the obtained ground penetrating radar data, and determining the evaluation index of the track bed thickness by combining the set judgment standard;
determining the contents of pollutants with different sizes in a track bed and the porosity of the track bed by using ballast information detected in ground penetrating radar data, and determining the evaluation index of the pollution degree of the track bed by combining a set judgment standard;
testing a material sample of the track bed according to a standard test procedure, determining the moisture content w2 of the track bed, and calibrating the track bed moisture content evaluation index of an evaluation unit based on the moisture content w2 of the track bed and the moisture content of the track bed stratum obtained from a ground penetrating radar signal;
and determining the track state evaluation index according to the track detection data.
Further, in one embodiment, the evaluation index determination module is further configured to:
and analyzing the maintenance condition of the foundation bed in each evaluation unit according to the recorded historical maintenance data, and forming a corresponding historical maintenance evaluation index.
In the unit evaluation system for the health state of the ballast railway bed, provided by the embodiment of the invention, each module or unit structure can be independently operated or operated in a combined manner according to actual analysis and evaluation requirements, so that a corresponding technical effect is realized.
It is to be understood that the disclosed embodiments of the invention are not limited to the particular structures, process steps, or materials disclosed herein but are extended to equivalents thereof as would be understood by those ordinarily skilled in the relevant arts. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting.
Reference in the specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Thus, appearances of the phrase "an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above descriptions are only for the convenience of understanding the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for evaluating a health state unit of a ballast railway bed is characterized by comprising the following steps:
an evaluation unit dividing step, namely dividing the roadbed of the target railway according to the line length to obtain each section of roadbed as an effective roadbed evaluation unit;
a foundation bed data acquisition step, namely acquiring corresponding ground penetrating radar data as evaluation basic data aiming at each effective foundation bed evaluation unit;
an evaluation index determining step, based on the evaluation basic data, respectively calculating sub-evaluation indexes reflecting roadbed foundation bed states and roadbed diseases according to the priority of each evaluation unit, determining corresponding weights by using an FAHP technology according to the sub-evaluation indexes, and deciding a comprehensive evaluation index of the evaluation unit;
and an evaluation conclusion output step of determining the evaluation conclusion of the evaluation unit according to the comprehensive evaluation index, further acquiring the distribution position information of each evaluation unit, and outputting the evaluation conclusion of the corresponding evaluation unit in a correlation manner by combining the distribution position information and the priority data.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in the evaluation unit dividing step, the roadbed of the target railway is divided into evaluation units of equal length, and the length of a unit evaluation unit is decided according to the total track length, distribution area, and environmental characteristics of the railway.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the evaluation unit division step, the roadbed of the target railway is divided into a first layer according to the distribution area and the environmental characteristics, the whole line is divided into sections of different grades, and further, a second layer division is respectively performed according to the section lengths of various grades and the grade labels, so that equal-length evaluation units for the sections of various grades are obtained, and the sections of different grades have different lengths.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:
and an effective subgrade obtaining step, recording all bridge and turnout data in the target railway line, marking, removing the length occupied by each marked bridge and turnout, and taking the obtained effective subgrade as an effective subgrade range for dividing the target railway subgrade evaluation unit.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:
and setting evaluation priorities for all the foundation evaluation units according to the service time of the roadbed in each evaluation unit, the historical maintenance data, the change data of the local area environment and the running vehicle information.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein in the evaluation index determining step, the sub-evaluation index representing the state of the subgrade bed is determined by:
calculating the average value of the surface thickness data of the foundation bed in all the ground penetrating radar signals as the surface thickness evaluation index of the corresponding evaluation unit;
uniformly dispersing each evaluation unit into a set number of evaluation subunits along the mileage direction, calculating the absolute value of the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the track bed thickness in the range of each subunit, and calculating the average value of the absolute values corresponding to each subunit to be used as the evaluation index of the deformation of the foundation bed of the evaluation unit;
if the filler of the foundation bed is non-coarse-grained soil, testing the filler sample of the foundation bed according to the geotechnical test regulations of railway engineering, determining the water content w1 of the filler of the foundation bed, and calibrating the foundation bed water content evaluation index of the evaluation unit based on the water content of the filler of the foundation bed and the water content of the stratum obtained from the ground penetrating radar signal.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein in the evaluation index determining step:
and determining the disease evaluation index of the foundation bed in the evaluation unit range according to the disease occurrence type and the disease occurrence length detected in the ground penetrating radar signal.
8. The method according to claim 1, further comprising, in the evaluation index determining step, determining a track bed environment evaluation index corresponding to the bed based on the ground penetrating radar detection information for calculating a comprehensive evaluation index of each evaluation unit of the railway bed, wherein the track bed environment evaluation index comprises a plurality of sub-evaluation indexes;
determining each sub-evaluation index embodying the roadbed environment by the following operations:
determining the thickness data of the track bed in the evaluation unit according to the obtained ground penetrating radar data, and determining the evaluation index of the track bed thickness by combining the set judgment standard;
determining the contents of pollutants with different sizes in a track bed and the porosity of the track bed by using ballast information detected in ground penetrating radar data, and determining the evaluation index of the pollution degree of the track bed by combining a set judgment standard;
testing a material sample of the track bed according to a standard test procedure, determining the moisture content w2 of the track bed, and calibrating the track bed moisture content evaluation index of an evaluation unit based on the moisture content w2 of the track bed and the moisture content of the track bed stratum obtained from a ground penetrating radar signal;
and determining the track state evaluation index according to the track detection data.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: and analyzing the maintenance condition of the foundation bed in each evaluation unit according to the recorded historical maintenance data, and forming a corresponding historical maintenance evaluation index.
10. A ballast railway bed health status unit evaluation system, characterized in that the system performs the method of any one of claims 1 to 9.
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