CN113625465A - Full light field regulation and control system with ultra-large field angle - Google Patents
Full light field regulation and control system with ultra-large field angle Download PDFInfo
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- CN113625465A CN113625465A CN202110943982.8A CN202110943982A CN113625465A CN 113625465 A CN113625465 A CN 113625465A CN 202110943982 A CN202110943982 A CN 202110943982A CN 113625465 A CN113625465 A CN 113625465A
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- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
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- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/0005—Adaptation of holography to specific applications
- G03H2001/0088—Adaptation of holography to specific applications for video-holography, i.e. integrating hologram acquisition, transmission and display
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Diffracting Gratings Or Hologram Optical Elements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention particularly relates to a full-optical-field regulation and control system with an ultra-large field angle, which comprises a reflecting layer, a light source layer, a filter layer and a grating layer, wherein the light source layer is positioned between the reflecting layer and the filter layer, faces the reflecting layer, and the filter layer is positioned between the light source layer and the grating layer. The grating layer of the system strictly regulates and controls the incident and transmission directions of light rays, so that the problems of inter-viewpoint crosstalk, visual area inversion, depth clue errors and the like in the traditional method can be effectively solved, and the reconstruction precision of a space light field is greatly improved; the reflecting layer adopts a reflecting micro-mirror structure, and the reflecting curved surface of the reflecting layer is optimally designed, so that the radiation beam can be collimated within a very short distance, the optical energy efficiency utilization rate of the grating layer is greatly improved, and technical support is provided for miniaturization and lightening and thinning of future equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of novel display, and particularly relates to a full light field regulation and control system with an ultra-large field angle.
Background
The research of the light field technology is mainly divided into two parts, including light field acquisition and light field display. The technology of light field collection is more mature, and can be accepted in the aspects of cost, utilization rate, volume, power consumption and the like, and the light field display has the problems of miniaturization and low energy consumption of light field display equipment. Although some wearable display devices in the market have improved resolution, color reduction and the like after long-time iterative upgrade, the development on display dimension is not ideal, and adverse reactions such as dizziness, discomfort, fatigue and the like can also occur after long-time wearing.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a full light field regulation and control system with an ultra-large field angle, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the full-optical-field regulation and control system with the ultra-large field angle comprises a reflecting layer, a light source layer, a light filter layer and a grating layer, wherein the light source layer is positioned between the reflecting layer and the light filter layer, faces the reflecting layer, and is positioned between the light source layer and the grating layer;
the reflecting layer is of a reflecting micro-mirror structure and is used for collimating light beams from the light source layer; the light source layer comprises a plurality of light sources for generating periodic light beams, and the transparent interval between the light sources is the horizontal width of the collimated light beams; the filter layer comprises a red filter layer, a green filter layer and a blue filter layer of the display and is of a periodic structure, the filter layers with different colors are called sub-pixels, and the three sub-pixels form a pixel; the grating layer is an optical regulating element array and has light regulating capability at a sub-pixel level, the minimum interval of the optical regulating elements in the array is the size of a sub-pixel, and the regulating mode of the direction of the optical regulating elements comprises static regulation and dynamic regulation;
the light beam emitted by the light source layer is converted into collimated light beam after being reflected by the reflecting layer, the collimated light beam passes through the transparent interval area in the light source layer and reaches the grating layer through the optical filter layer, and the collimated light beam passing through each sub-pixel is sequentially projected to a specified spatial position after being regulated and controlled by the light of the grating layer, so that a series of convergence points are formed.
Further, optional types of light sources for the light source layer include micro LED light sources, laser light sources, and radiation light sources.
Further, the optional composition types of the reflective layer include a micro lens array, a micro curved mirror array, and a reflective holographic grating.
Further, the selectable types of the regulating and controlling elements of the grating layer comprise one-dimensional gratings, two-dimensional gratings, three-dimensional holographic gratings and micro lenses.
Further, the optical regulating element array of the grating layer is replaced by a liquid crystal material-based polarization type holographic grating, and dynamic adjustment of an optical modulation angle and modulation density is realized by adjusting voltage.
Compared with the prior art, the system does not need to be worn by a user, can clearly feel the dimensionality of a viewed image on the basis of ensuring the resolution and the color reduction degree, and does not have physiological discomfort such as dizziness, fatigue and the like; the grating layer of the system adopts the polarizer holographic grating based on the liquid crystal material to strictly regulate and control the incidence and transmission directions of light, so that the problems of inter-viewpoint crosstalk, visual area inversion, depth clue error and the like in the traditional method can be effectively solved, and the reconstruction precision of a space light field is greatly improved; the reflecting layer of the system adopts a reflective micro-mirror structure, and the reflecting curved surface of the reflecting layer is optimally designed, so that the radiation beam can be collimated within a very short distance, the optical energy efficiency utilization rate of the grating layer is greatly improved, and the technical support is provided for the miniaturization and the lightness of the subsequent equipment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a concave microlens array of a reflective layer of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the diffraction pattern of a grating used in the system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a beam propagation path for a left viewing zone of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a beam propagation path in a right-view region of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of beam conditioning of a grating layer of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an exposure method for a reflection type holographic grating;
the reflective layer 1, the concave microlenses A, 12, the concave microlenses B, 13, the concave microlenses C, 14, the concave microlenses D, the light source layer 2, the light source layer 21, the light source A, the light source B22, the light filter layer 3, the sub-image area A, the sub-image area B, the sub-image area C, the sub-image area D34, the sub-image area E, the sub-image area F36, the grating layer 4, the incident light 5, the transmitted light 6, the left view area first convergent point 7, the left view area second convergent point 8, the right view area first convergent point 9, the right view area second convergent point 100 and the viewpoint 101.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the reflective layer 1 may be a reflective holographic grating, and its exposure method is shown in fig. 6. The exposure method has the advantages that the incident light with any beam expansion angle can be regulated and controlled with high precision, and the reflected light is strictly parallel light. In addition, the reflective layer 1 may also adopt a concave microlens array or a concave microlens array with a free-form surface, and such an irregular and free-form surface can maintain similar magnification when light beams with different angles pass through the main axis, thereby minimizing aberration. The design of the free-form surface can obviously enhance the uniformity of illumination and can achieve the effects of high image quality and small size. The free-form surface optical system has larger design freedom, can adopt a method of combining refraction and reflection to realize off-axis design of avoiding central blocking, is favorable for obtaining high resolution and high light energy utilization rate, and realizes the compactness of the system structure through light path folding.
As shown in fig. 1, the light beam emitted from the light source a21 reaches the concave microlens a11 and the concave microlens B12 of the reflective layer 1, and since the light source 21 is located at the boundary between the concave microlens a11 and the concave microlens B12, the incident angle of the light beam reaching the two microlens surfaces will also be different, and the light beam reflected by the microlens a11 is in a collimated light beam state and reaches the sub-area a31 of the filter layer 3. The light reflected by the microlens B12 reaches the sub-region D34. Similarly, the light from the light source 22 is reflected by the concave microlens C13 and the concave microlens 14, and reaches the sub-map region C33 and the sub-map region F36. The concave micro-lenses are reflected to form collimated light beams, and the reflected collimated light beams reach the grating layer 4 through the transparent spacing areas in the light source layer 2 and the filter layer 3. The reflecting layer 1 takes every two concave micro-lenses as a periodic structure, the transparent interval between the light sources of the light source layer 2 is the horizontal section width of the reflected collimated light beam, and the filter layer 3 is a red, green and blue filter layer of the liquid crystal display and is a periodic structure; .
The grating layer 4 may be a liquid crystal material-based polarization type holographic grating, and the dynamic adjustment of the optical modulation angle and the modulation density may be realized by adjusting the voltage. The grating layer 4 may also be an optical modulation element array, a holographic grating is used as a minimum unit, the minimum interval is the size of a sub-pixel, and the modulation direction of each optical modulation element may be static modulation or dynamic modulation. The array of optical modulating elements can capture collimated light beams that are ingested from different locations, and a visible image is obtained by exposure. The exposure time is long, the exposure area is large, and a sufficient amount of collimated light beams can pass through, so that a clear image can be obtained.
As shown in the diffraction diagram of the grating shown in FIG. 2, the grating can be briefly summarized as an optical element composed of a large number of parallel slits with equal width and equal spacing, d is the sum of the width a of a reflecting (or transmitting) part and the width of a non-reflecting (or non-transmitting) part, called as a grating constant, theta is a diffraction angle, incident light 5 passes through the grating 4, transmitted light 6 penetrates out of the grating to form a series of thin and long bright stripes, meanwhile, the bright stripes and the dark stripes appear alternately to form a diffraction line, the position of the main level bright stripes is independent of the number N of the slits of the grating and is uniformly distributed on two sides of the central bright stripes, the relative light intensity of the central bright stripes is strongest, and the light intensity conforms to the formula
Wherein, I0Is the intensity of the incident light; i is the relative intensity of the bright fringes in the diffraction line,
the brightness of the central bright stripe is high, so that the imaging is not facilitated, and the brightness of the positive and negative first-level stripes on the two sides of the central bright stripe is suitable and easy to regulate and control. From the above knowledge, the diffraction angles of the respective diffraction levels when the light beam passes through the grating can be accurately controlled.
As shown in fig. 3, the pixels in each sub-region are a, b, c, d, e and f, and the grating parameters of the grating layer 4 in front of each pixel are strictly designed to ensure that the propagation direction of the light beam passing through the grating layer 4 is strictly defined. If one wants to reconstruct a convergence point in space, it can be set that the light beams from a pixels in all sub-regions are modulated thereto by the grating layer 4. Since each group of light sources will be reflected to two different sub-map regions, the convergence situation in the other sub-map region is similar to that in fig. 3, and as shown in fig. 4, the light beams at the convergence point come from the corresponding sub-map regions respectively.
As shown in fig. 5, assuming that the distance between the sub-map area and the system boundary is m, the viewing distance of the human eye is the vertical distance w from the viewpoint 101 to the grating layer 4, the distance from the viewpoint to the system boundary is L, and the collimated light beam passes through the grating layer 4 and converges to the viewpoint 101, the included angle β formed by the collimated light beam and the viewing distance is m
The deflection angle of each grating element can thus be obtained.
It should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", etc. used in the present invention are for clarity of description only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the terms is not limited by the technical contents of the essential changes.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. The full-optical-field regulation and control system with the ultra-large field angle is characterized by comprising a reflecting layer (1), a light source layer (2), a filter layer (3) and a grating layer (4), wherein the light source layer (2) is positioned between the reflecting layer (1) and the filter layer (3), the light source layer (2) faces the reflecting layer (1), and the filter layer (3) is positioned between the light source layer (2) and the grating layer (4);
the reflecting layer (1) is of a reflecting micro-mirror structure and is used for collimating light beams from the light source layer (2); the light source layer comprises a plurality of light sources for generating periodic light beams, and the transparent interval between the light sources is the horizontal width of the collimated light beams; the filter layer (3) comprises a red filter layer, a green filter layer and a blue filter layer of the display, and is of a periodic structure, the filter layers with different colors are called sub-pixels, and the three sub-pixels form a pixel; the grating layer (4) is an optical regulating and controlling element array, and has light regulating and controlling capability at a sub-pixel level, the minimum interval of the optical regulating and controlling elements in the array is the size of a sub-pixel, and the regulating and controlling modes of the direction of the optical regulating and controlling elements comprise static regulation and control and dynamic regulation and control;
light beams emitted by the light source layer (2) are converted into collimated light beams after being reflected by the reflecting layer (1), the collimated light beams pass through the transparent spacing area in the light source layer (2) and reach the grating layer (4) through the optical filter layer (3), and the collimated light beams passing through each sub-pixel are sequentially projected to a specified spatial position after being regulated and controlled by light rays of the grating layer (4), so that a series of convergent points are formed.
2. The ultra-large field angle full-light field regulation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the light source of the light source layer (2) comprises micro LED light source, laser light source and radiation light source.
3. The full light field regulation system with ultra-large field angle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the optional composition types of the reflective layer (1) comprise microlens array, micro-curved mirror array and reflective holographic grating.
4. The full-field regulation system with ultra-large field angle of view of claim 1, wherein the selectable types of regulation elements of the grating layer (4) comprise one-dimensional grating, two-dimensional grating, three-dimensional volume holographic grating and micro-lens.
5. The full-optical-field control system with ultra-large field angle according to claim 1, wherein the optical control element array of the grating layer (4) is replaced by a liquid crystal material-based polarization-type holographic grating, and the dynamic adjustment of the optical modulation angle and the modulation density is realized by adjusting the voltage.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110943982.8A CN113625465A (en) | 2021-08-17 | 2021-08-17 | Full light field regulation and control system with ultra-large field angle |
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| CN202110943982.8A CN113625465A (en) | 2021-08-17 | 2021-08-17 | Full light field regulation and control system with ultra-large field angle |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103899935A (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2014-07-02 | 中强光电股份有限公司 | Collimating light source module and display device |
| CN104601974A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-05-06 | 深圳市亿思达科技集团有限公司 | Eye-tracking-based holographic display and holographic display device |
| US20180213209A1 (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2018-07-26 | Wuhan China Star Optoelectronice Technology Co. Ltd. | Stereoscopic display device |
| CN110928101A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-03-27 | 东南大学 | Liquid crystal polarization grating cascade device and diffraction angle adjusting and controlling method thereof |
| CN112835205A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2021-05-25 | 苏州苏大维格科技集团股份有限公司 | Three-dimensional display device |
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- 2021-08-17 CN CN202110943982.8A patent/CN113625465A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103899935A (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2014-07-02 | 中强光电股份有限公司 | Collimating light source module and display device |
| CN104601974A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-05-06 | 深圳市亿思达科技集团有限公司 | Eye-tracking-based holographic display and holographic display device |
| US20180213209A1 (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2018-07-26 | Wuhan China Star Optoelectronice Technology Co. Ltd. | Stereoscopic display device |
| CN112835205A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2021-05-25 | 苏州苏大维格科技集团股份有限公司 | Three-dimensional display device |
| CN110928101A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-03-27 | 东南大学 | Liquid crystal polarization grating cascade device and diffraction angle adjusting and controlling method thereof |
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