CN113625359B - Method and device for calculating oil and gas containing probability of lithology trap of tight sandstone - Google Patents
Method and device for calculating oil and gas containing probability of lithology trap of tight sandstone Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V11/00—Prospecting or detecting by methods combining techniques covered by two or more of main groups G01V1/00 - G01V9/00
Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a device for calculating the oil and gas probability of a tight sandstone lithology trap, which mainly acquire geological data, seismic data and drilling data of a target area to be measured; according to the obtained geological data, seismic data and drilling data, calculating the storage-to-land ratio of the target area to be measured, judging the size of the storage-to-land ratio and a set value, and if the storage-to-land ratio is smaller than the set value, obtaining a tight sandstone lithology trap in the target area to be measured; constructing a parameter system, wherein the parameter system comprises influence factors influencing the oil and gas probability and characteristic parameters of the influence factors; according to geological data, seismic data and drilling data of a target area to be measured with the tight sandstone lithology trap, carrying out quantitative assignment on characteristic parameters of each influence factor based on a parameter system; according to the determined values of the characteristic parameters of each influence factor and the corresponding weights, determining the probability of the tight sandstone lithology trap oil and gas; the method eliminates the area without trap and improves the accuracy of the probability of the oil-gas containing the subsequent trap.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method and a device for calculating oil and gas containing probability of a tight sandstone lithology trap, and belongs to the field of tight sandstone lithology trap evaluation.
Background
The probability of hydrocarbon entrapment is a visual reflection of the value of the entrapped exploration, and is of great importance in the entrapped evaluation, and the accuracy of the probability has a direct influence on exploration deployment. In general, a higher probability of trapping hydrocarbons indicates better reservoir conditions, less geological risk for drilling, and vice versa. Therefore, calculation of the oil and gas probability is particularly important.
In the prior art, the Chinese patent with the authorized bulletin number of CN 105445797B and the name of a method for acquiring the oil-gas containing probability of the trap is disclosed, and concretely, the method for calculating the oil-gas containing probability of the trap is realized by defining factors of the oil-gas containing probability of the trap, wherein the factors comprise trapping, reservoir, filling and storing, constructing a parameter system of the oil-gas containing probability according to the actual geological condition of the trap, further assigning the defined factors based on the parameter system, calculating the oil-gas containing probability of the trap according to the assignment condition of the factors, and realizing quantitative analysis of the oil-gas containing probability of the trap in different areas and different fields, thereby reducing the uncertainty of the acquired oil-gas containing probability of the trap.
However, the method for calculating the trap oil gas probability aims at the oil gas probabilities calculated by all types of traps, but actually the trap oil gas probabilities of different types are very different, so that the method has no pertinence when the calculation of the oil gas probability is carried out; meanwhile, the calculation of the oil and gas probability is determined only through a constructed parameter system, and uncertainty of trapping the oil and gas probability exists, so that the accuracy of the oil and gas probability is greatly reduced, and the quality of oil and gas exploration deployment is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a device for calculating the probability of oil and gas containing trapped by tight sandstone lithology, which are used for solving the problems of no pertinence and high uncertainty of the method for calculating the probability of oil and gas containing trapped by the tight sandstone lithology in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the method for calculating the probability of oil and gas content in tight sandstone lithology trap of the invention comprises the following steps:
1) Obtaining geological data, seismic data and drilling data of a target area to be measured;
2) According to the obtained geological data, seismic data and drilling data, calculating the storage-to-land ratio of the target area to be measured, wherein the storage-to-land ratio is the ratio of the thickness of a storage layer to the thickness of a stratum of the trapping target layer of the target area to be measured; judging the size of the storage-to-ground ratio and a set value, and judging that the compact sandstone lithology trap exists in the target area to be detected if the storage-to-ground ratio is smaller than the set value;
3) Constructing a parameter system, wherein the parameter system comprises influence factors influencing the oil-gas probability and characteristic parameters of the influence factors;
4) According to geological data, seismic data and drilling data of a target area to be detected, which is provided with a tight sandstone lithology trap, carrying out quantitative assignment on characteristic parameters of each influence factor based on the parameter system, and determining values of the characteristic parameters of each influence factor;
5) Determining the probability of the tight sandstone lithology trap to contain oil and gas according to the determined values of the characteristic parameters of the influence factors and the weights of the characteristic parameters of the influence factors; wherein the sum of the weights of the characteristic parameters in each influence factor is 1.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
According to the method for calculating the oil and gas probability, the storage-to-land ratio of the target area to be measured is calculated through the obtained geological data and seismic data of the target area to be measured, and when the storage-to-land ratio is smaller than a set value, the existence of a tight sandstone lithologic trap in the target area to be measured is judged; meanwhile, when the probability of the hydrocarbon-bearing of the tight sandstone lithology trap is calculated, not only is the characteristic parameters of each influence factor quantitatively assigned, but also the influence of each characteristic parameter in the influence factor is considered based on the characteristic parameters of each influence factor, and the weight assignment is carried out on each characteristic parameter, so that the accuracy of the calculated probability of the hydrocarbon-bearing of the trap is further improved.
Further, the set value is 0.3.
Further, the influencing factors include reservoir, filling and preservation.
Further, the characteristic parameters of the reservoir include the reliability of the sedimentary facies belt and the reservoir, the scale of the reservoir and the physical properties of the reservoir; the characteristic parameters of the filling comprise reliability and quality of the hydrocarbon source rock, scale of the hydrocarbon source rock, maturity of the hydrocarbon source rock, oil and gas migration channels and oil and gas generation, discharge, transportation and aggregation matching; the stored characteristic parameters are cap layer reliability, cap layer effectiveness and later damage.
Further, the oil gas containing probability of the tight sandstone lithology trap is:
P0＝P1*P2*P3，
Wherein, P 1 is the reservoir probability of a tight sandstone lithology trap, a i is the weight of the ith feature parameter, pa i is the value of the ith feature parameter, i=1, 2, … k; /(I)P 2 is the filling probability of the tight sandstone lithology trap, b j is the weight of the jth characteristic parameter, pb j is the value of the jth characteristic parameter, j=1, 2, …, m; /(I)P 3 is the probability of preservation of tight sandstone lithology trap, c n is the weight of the nth characteristic parameter, pc n is the value of the nth characteristic parameter, n=1, 2, …, t.
The invention also provides a technical scheme of the device for calculating the oil and gas containing probability of the tight sandstone lithology trap, which comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the processor executes the technical scheme of the method for calculating the oil and gas containing probability of the tight sandstone lithology trap stored in the memory.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method of the present invention for calculating the probability of hydrocarbon containing of tight sandstone lithological traps;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention for calculating the probability of hydrocarbon containing of tight sandstone lithological traps.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings and examples.
Method embodiment of probability of hydrocarbon content of tight sandstone lithology trap
An embodiment of the method for calculating the oil and gas containing probability of the lithology trap of the tight sandstone, as shown in fig. 1, comprises the following steps:
1) Obtaining geological data, seismic data and drilling data of a target area to be measured;
2) According to the obtained geological data, seismic data and drilling data, calculating the storage-to-land ratio of the target area to be measured, wherein the storage-to-land ratio is the ratio of the thickness of a storage layer to the thickness of a stratum of the trapping target layer of the target area to be measured; judging the size of the storage-to-ground ratio and a set value, and judging that the compact sandstone lithology trap exists in the target area to be detected if the storage-to-ground ratio is smaller than the set value;
the trap floor ratio in this embodiment covers 2 factors, namely the trap destination reservoir thickness and the trap destination reservoir thickness.
The set value in the embodiment is based on actual exploration results of various trap types at home and abroad, and the correspondence between the storage-to-land ratio data of the trap and the trap type is statistically analyzed, so that the discrimination standard of the tight sandstone lithology trap is proved to be that the trap storage-to-land ratio is smaller than 0.3.
In this embodiment, whether the trap to be calculated meets the application condition of the method is judged according to the storage ratio, namely, whether the trap to be calculated is a compact sandstone lithology trap is judged, if the judgment result is yes, the rest step is performed, and if the judgment result is no, the trap to be calculated cannot calculate the oil and gas probability by adopting the method.
3) Constructing a parameter system, wherein the parameter system comprises influence factors influencing the oil-gas probability and characteristic parameters of the influence factors; as shown in table 1.
The influencing factors in this embodiment include reservoir, fill, and hold; wherein the characteristic parameters of the reservoir include the reliability of the sedimentary facies belt and the reservoir, the scale of the reservoir and the physical properties of the reservoir; the characteristic parameters of filling comprise reliability and quality of hydrocarbon source rock, scale of the hydrocarbon source rock, maturity of the hydrocarbon source rock, oil and gas migration channels and oil and gas generation, discharge, transportation and aggregation matching property; the stored characteristic parameters are cap layer reliability, cap layer effectiveness and post-destruction, as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
It should be noted that, judging whether the trap has the oil-gas storage is based on five storage elements of "raw, store, cover, transport and guarantee". Wherein:
"raw" refers to whether there are sufficient hydrocarbon production conditions;
"reservoir" refers to whether there is sufficient reservoir space;
"cap" refers to whether there are sufficient cap conditions;
"transportation" refers to whether there are sufficient hydrocarbon transportation conditions;
"preserving" refers to whether there are sufficient hydrocarbon preservation conditions.
In this embodiment, five hidden elements are reduced to three factors, reservoir, fill and save. Wherein "reservoir" refers to an effective hydrocarbon reservoir space; "charge" refers to effective hydrocarbon generation conditions and effective hydrocarbon migration and accumulation conditions; "preservation" refers to both effective hydrocarbon preservation conditions and effective cap layer conditions.
4) And carrying out quantitative assignment on the characteristic parameters of each influence factor based on the parameter system according to geological data, seismic data and drilling data of the target area to be detected with the tight sandstone lithology trap, and determining the values of the characteristic parameters of each influence factor.
In this embodiment, the basic principle of assigning each influencing factor of the probability of hydrocarbon-containing gas in tight sandstone lithology trap is existence and effectiveness. According to the recognition degree of the trapped oil gas accumulation conditions and the richness of the data, the existence and the effectiveness of the influence factors are divided into 4 sections, and specific quantitative assignment is given to the 4 sections.
In actual operation, the above-described 4-section divisions are defined quantitatively in detail based on the actual geological conditions of the tight sandstone lithology trap. The characteristic parameters of the oil gas aggregation of the influence factors are mutually independent, and weight assignment is given according to the main degree.
The weight assignment in the embodiment is performed according to the data such as seismic data, geological fracture development condition, cover layer thickness and the like of the target area to be detected; the principle of assignment is mainly that the influence of the characteristic parameters on factors is large, the weight assignment is large, if the influence factors are the preservation probability, when the cover layer is complete, the weight occupation proportion of the characteristic parameters for the reliability of the cover layer and the effectiveness of the cover layer is large; when the cap layer breaks, the characteristic parameter is weighted more for the late breaking action.
The quantization assignment principle in this embodiment adopts the basic principle of assignment in the prior art, and will not be described here again. By combining with the existing assignment principle, the characteristic parameters of the influence factors of the oil gas probability of the tight sandstone lithologic trap of the target area to be detected are specifically analyzed, and assignment tables shown in tables 2-4 can be obtained.
TABLE 2
Wherein, weight assignment: a 1+a2+a3 =1.
TABLE 3 Table 3
Wherein, weight assignment: b 1+b2+b3+b4+b5 = 1.
TABLE 4 Table 4
Wherein, weight assignment: c 1+c2+c3 = 1.
5) According to the determined values of the characteristic parameters of the influence factors and the weights of the characteristic parameters of the influence factors, determining the probability of the tight sandstone lithology trap oil gas of the target area to be measured; wherein the sum of the weights of the characteristic parameters in each influence factor is 1.
The oil-gas-containing probability of the tight sandstone lithology trap of the target area to be detected is as follows:
P0＝P1*P2*P3，
Wherein, P 1 is the reservoir probability of a tight sandstone lithology trap, a i is the weight of the ith feature parameter, pa i is the value of the ith feature parameter, i=1, 2, … k; /(I)P 2 is the filling probability of the tight sandstone lithology trap, b j is the weight of the jth characteristic parameter, pb j is the value of the jth characteristic parameter, j=1, 2, …, m; /(I)P 3 is the probability of preservation of tight sandstone lithology trap, c n is the weight of the nth characteristic parameter, pc n is the value of the nth characteristic parameter, n=1, 2, …, t.
In order to verify the effectiveness of the above embodiment of the method for oil and gas probability, taking a certain dense sandstone trap a of a certain basin as a target area to be tested, taking a hydrocarbon source rock as a coal bed as an example, further analysis is performed:
firstly, obtaining the geological data and the seismic data of a target area to be measured, and calculating the storage-to-land ratio of the target area to be measured:
The section 1 of the box group of the two-fold system lower stone box of the ancient world above a certain compact sandstone trap A is used as a target layer, the average accumulated thickness of the reservoir of the box 1 is 12m, and the average thickness of the stratum of the section 1 of the box is 60m when 3 wells are drilled in the trap A.
The ratio of the trap storage places is the ratio of the thickness of the storage layer to the thickness of the stratum of the trap target layer; namely: r S＝Hr/Hs =12/60=0.2;
Secondly, judging whether a compact sandstone lithologic trap exists in the target area to be detected according to the storage-to-ground ratio of the target area to be detected:
the storage ratio of the compact sandstone trap A is smaller than 0.3, and is matched with the discrimination standard of the compact sandstone lithology trap. From this it can be determined that tight sandstone trap a exists with a tight sandstone lithology trap.
Thirdly, according to geological data and seismic data of a target area to be detected with the tight sandstone lithology trap, determining influence factors influencing the oil and gas probability and characteristic parameters of the influence factors, constructing a parameter system of the influence factors, carrying out quantitative assignment on the characteristic parameters of the influence factors based on the parameter system, and determining the values of the characteristic parameters of the influence factors:
(1) And (3) assigning weights to the characteristic parameters of all the influence factors:
According to the influence of each characteristic parameter of reservoir conditions on the tight sandstone lithology trap oil gas gathering capacity, carrying out weight assignment on each characteristic parameter: the reliability weight of the sedimentary facies belt and the reservoir is assigned to 0.4, the scale weight of the reservoir is assigned to 0.2, and the physical property rate weight of the reservoir is assigned to 0.4.
According to the influence of each characteristic parameter of the filling condition on the tight sandstone lithology trap oil and gas reservoir, carrying out weight assignment on each characteristic parameter: the reliability and quality weight of the hydrocarbon source rock are assigned to 0.2, the scale weight of the hydrocarbon source rock is assigned to 0.2, the maturity weight of the hydrocarbon source rock is assigned to 0.1, the weight of an oil and gas migration channel is assigned to 0.2, and the weight of oil and gas generation, arrangement, transportation and aggregation matching property is assigned to 0.3.
And carrying out weight assignment on each characteristic parameter according to the influence of each characteristic parameter of the preservation condition on the effective capping capacity of the oil and gas reservoir: the cap layer reliability weight was assigned 0.3, the cap layer validity weight was assigned 0.3, and the post-destructive action weight was assigned 0.4.
(2) Quantitative assignment of characteristic parameters for each influence factor:
The assignment basis of each characteristic parameter of the reservoir probability is as follows: the tight sandstone lithology trap A has 3 well drilling holes and three-dimensional seismic interpretation results to prove that the reservoir mainly uses coarse sandstone in the braided river beach, the reservoir is widely developed within the trap range, and the average accumulated thickness of the reservoir is 20m; reservoir average porosity 10% and reservoir average permeability 1md.
Based on the above basis, the reliability quantitative assignment of the sedimentary facies belt and the reservoir is 0.9, the scale quantitative assignment of the reservoir is 0.9, and the physical property rate of the reservoir is 0.85;
The assignment basis of each characteristic parameter of the filling probability is as follows: the compact sandstone lithology trap A has 3 drilling holes and three-dimensional seismic interpretation results to prove that the coal bed under the trap is widely developed in the trap range, the accumulated thickness of the coal bed exceeds 22m, the reflectivity Ro of the vitrinite is 1.68, and the hydrocarbon source rock is in the mature stage; trap reservoirs are formed in the late ancient dichotomy; the method is influenced by the construction movement in the western and imprinting periods, and an oil gas migration channel for connecting the hydrocarbon source rock with a reservoir is formed at the end of the middle-life triassic period, and mainly comprises small-scale interlayer fracture and microcrack; the hydrocarbon source rock reaches the natural gas production peak at the end of the middle-life early chalk period and begins to fill trap a with oil and gas on a large scale.
Based on the above basis, the reliability and quality quantitative assignment of the hydrocarbon source rock is 0.9, the scale quantitative assignment of the hydrocarbon source rock is 0.8, the maturity quantitative assignment of the hydrocarbon source rock is 0.95, the quantitative assignment of the oil gas migration channel is 0.85, and the quantitative assignment of the oil gas generation, discharge, transportation and aggregation matching property is 0.95;
the assignment basis of each characteristic parameter of the preservation probability is as follows: the compact sandstone lithology trap A has 3 drilling holes and three-dimensional seismic interpretation results to prove that a mudstone covering layer on the trap is a regional covering layer which can be widely developed in the trap range, and the thickness of the covering layer is 320m; the three-dimensional seismic section does not see a fault cutting cover layer, and the cover layer does not generate structural fracture; the formation pressure coefficient of the mudstone cover layer is 1.31, the formation pressure coefficient of the sandstone reservoir is 0.92, and the cover layer has good cover sealing property.
Based on the above, the cap layer reliability quantitative assignment is 0.95, the cap layer effectiveness quantitative assignment is 0.95, and the post-destruction quantitative assignment is 0.95.
To sum up, the impact factors of the probability of hydrocarbon-containing in tight sandstone lithology trap and the weight assignment and quantization assignment results of the characteristic parameters are shown in table 5.
TABLE 5
Finally, the hydrocarbon probability value for tight sandstone lithology trap a was calculated according to the assignments in table 6.
Reservoir probability of tight sandstone lithology trap a: p Reservoir stratum = 0.4 x 0.9+0.2 x 0.9+0.4 x 0.85 = 0.88;
Probability of filling of tight sandstone lithology trap a: p filling and filling = 0.2 x 0.9+0.2 x 0.8+0.1 x 0.95+0.2 x 0.85+0.3 x 0.95 = 0.89;
Probability of preservation of tight sandstone lithology trap a: p Preservation of = 0.3 x 0.95+0.4 x 0.95 = 0.95;
thus, the hydrocarbon probability value P for tight sandstone lithology trap a is: p=p Reservoir stratum ×P filling and filling ×P Preservation of =0.88×0.89×0.95=0.744.
An embodiment of the device for the probability of hydrocarbon containing of tight sandstone lithology trap:
The device for the probability of oil and gas content of tight sandstone lithology trap provided by the embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, comprises a processor and a memory, wherein a computer program capable of running on the processor is stored in the memory, and the processor realizes the method of the embodiment of the method for the probability of oil and gas content of tight sandstone lithology trap when executing the computer program.
That is, the method of the above embodiments of the method of tight sandstone lithology trap hydrocarbon-containing probability should be understood that the flow of the method of tight sandstone lithology trap hydrocarbon-containing probability may be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor such that execution of the instructions by the processor results in the implementation of the functions specified in the method flow described above.
The processor in this embodiment refers to a microprocessor MCU or a processing device such as a programmable logic device FPGA;
The memory referred to in this embodiment includes physical means for storing information, typically by digitizing the information and then storing the information in an electrical, magnetic, or optical medium. For example: various memories, RAM, ROM and the like for storing information by utilizing an electric energy mode; various memories for storing information by utilizing a magnetic energy mode, such as a hard disk, a floppy disk, a magnetic tape, a magnetic core memory, a bubble memory and a U disk; various memories, CDs or DVDs, which store information optically. Of course, there are other ways of storing, such as quantum storing, graphene storing, etc.
The device formed by the memory, the processor and the computer program is implemented in the computer by executing corresponding program instructions by the processor, and the processor can be loaded with various operating systems, such as windows operating systems, linux systems, android, iOS systems and the like.
As other embodiments, the device may also include a display for presenting the test results for reference by the staff.
The foregoing description of the invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, but is not intended to be limiting, since various modifications and improvements will readily occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for calculating the probability of hydrocarbon content of a tight sandstone lithology trap, comprising the steps of:
1) Obtaining geological data, seismic data and drilling data of a target area to be measured;
2) According to the obtained geological data, seismic data and drilling data, calculating the storage-to-land ratio of the target area to be measured, wherein the storage-to-land ratio is the ratio of the thickness of a storage layer to the thickness of a stratum of the trapping target layer of the target area to be measured; judging the size of the storage-to-ground ratio and a set value, and judging that the compact sandstone lithology trap exists in the target area to be detected if the storage-to-ground ratio is smaller than the set value;
3) Constructing a parameter system, wherein the parameter system comprises influence factors influencing the oil-gas probability and characteristic parameters of the influence factors;
4) According to geological data, seismic data and drilling data of a target area to be detected, which is provided with a tight sandstone lithology trap, carrying out quantitative assignment on characteristic parameters of each influence factor based on the parameter system, and determining values of the characteristic parameters of each influence factor;
5) Determining the probability of the tight sandstone lithology trap to contain oil and gas according to the determined values of the characteristic parameters of the influence factors and the weights of the characteristic parameters of the influence factors; wherein the sum of the weights of the characteristic parameters in each influence factor is 1.
2. The method of calculating the probability of hydrocarbon containing a tight sandstone lithological trap of claim 1, wherein the set value is 0.3.
3. The method of calculating the hydrocarbon-bearing probability of a tight sandstone lithological trap of claim 1, wherein the influencing factors include reservoir, charge, and preservation.
4. A method of calculating the probability of hydrocarbon potential for tight sandstone lithological traps according to claim 3, wherein the characteristic parameters of the reservoir include sedimentary facies and reservoir reliability, reservoir size, and reservoir physical properties; the characteristic parameters of the filling comprise reliability and quality of the hydrocarbon source rock, scale of the hydrocarbon source rock, maturity of the hydrocarbon source rock, oil and gas migration channels and oil and gas generation, discharge, transportation and aggregation matching; the stored characteristic parameters are cap layer reliability, cap layer effectiveness and later damage.
5. A method of calculating the hydrocarbon-bearing probability of a tight sandstone lithology trap as claimed in claim 3, wherein the hydrocarbon-bearing probability of a tight sandstone lithology trap is:
P0＝P1*P2*P3，
Wherein, P 1 is the reservoir probability of tight sandstone lithology trap, a i is the weight of the characteristic parameter corresponding to the reservoir in the ith influence factor,/>I=1, 2, … k, which is the total number of the characteristic parameters corresponding to the reservoir in the influence factor, is the value of the characteristic parameter corresponding to the reservoir in the i-th influence factor; /(I)P 2 is the filling probability of the tight sandstone lithology trap, b j is the weight of the characteristic parameter corresponding to the filling in the j-th influence factor,/>The method comprises the steps of (1) setting values of characteristic parameters corresponding to filling in a jth influence factor, wherein j=1, 2, … and m are the total number of characteristic parameters corresponding to filling in the influence factor; /(I)P 3 is the preservation probability of the lithology trap of the tight sandstone, c n is the weight of the corresponding characteristic parameter stored in the nth influence factor,/>For the value of the stored corresponding characteristic parameter in the nth influencing factor, n=1, 2, …, t, where t is the total number of stored corresponding characteristic parameters in the influencing factor.
6. An apparatus for calculating the probability of hydrocarbon-bearing for tight sandstone lithological trap comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the processor executes a program stored in the memory for a method for calculating the probability of hydrocarbon-bearing for tight sandstone lithological trap as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5.
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