CN113624629A - Fatigue wear testing machine for cross axle - Google Patents
Fatigue wear testing machine for cross axle Download PDFInfo
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- CN113624629A CN113624629A CN202110913620.4A CN202110913620A CN113624629A CN 113624629 A CN113624629 A CN 113624629A CN 202110913620 A CN202110913620 A CN 202110913620A CN 113624629 A CN113624629 A CN 113624629A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009661 fatigue test Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/56—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
- Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a cross shaft fatigue wear testing machine which comprises a working platform, wherein a front supporting seat, a bearing seat and a rear supporting seat are arranged on the working platform, sample clamps are respectively arranged on the bearing seat and the rear supporting seat, a testing station is arranged between the sample clamps of the bearing seat and the rear supporting seat, a variable frequency motor is further arranged on the working platform, a driving shaft is arranged in the front supporting seat, a torsion actuator is further connected between the sample clamps, the variable frequency motor is in transmission connection with the driving shaft, and the driving shaft is connected with the sample clamps. The rotating speed of the sample can be adjusted through the variable frequency motor in the test process of the cross shaft abrasion fatigue testing machine, and the load of the sample is adjusted through the torsion actuator. The variable frequency motor and the torsion actuator make the working condition of the sample accord with the working condition of low-speed heavy load or high-speed light load by adjusting the rotating speed and the load of the sample, thereby improving the accuracy of the test.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fatigue test equipment, in particular to a fatigue wear testing machine for a cross shaft.
Background
The cross shaft is an important transmission component on the truck, and the durability of the cross shaft has a great influence on the operation of the truck, so that the durability test of the cross shaft is required. The stress condition of the cross shaft in the actual working process is complex. The existing cross axle fatigue equipment can only test the fatigue wear condition of a sample under the condition of low speed and heavy load, and more trucks are used under the working condition of high speed and light load. The existing cross axle fatigue equipment cannot accurately test the fatigue wear condition of the cross axle under the high-speed light-load working condition.
Therefore, how to improve the accuracy of the durability test of the cross shaft is a technical problem which needs to be solved urgently by the technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cross shaft fatigue wear testing machine which is provided with a variable frequency motor and a torsion actuator, wherein the variable frequency motor is used for adjusting the rotating speed, and the torsion actuator is used for adjusting the load, so that the tests under the working conditions of low-speed heavy load and high-speed light load are realized.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a cross shaft fatigue wear testing machine which comprises a working platform, wherein a front supporting seat, a bearing seat and a rear supporting seat are arranged on the working platform, sample clamps are respectively arranged on the bearing seat and the rear supporting seat, a testing station is arranged between the bearing seat and the sample clamps of the rear supporting seat, a variable frequency motor is further arranged on the working platform, a driving shaft is arranged in the front supporting seat, a torsion actuator is further connected between the sample clamps, the variable frequency motor is in transmission connection with the driving shaft, and the driving shaft is connected with the sample clamps.
Preferably, still include the driven shaft, the driven shaft links to each other with another set of sample anchor clamps, preceding supporting seat is preceding gearbox, back supporting seat is the back gear box, the drive shaft with the periphery of driven shaft all is equipped with preceding drive gear, the two intermeshing, the drive shaft with the driven shaft all even has sample anchor clamps, sample anchor clamps are kept away from the drive shaft or the one end of driven shaft is equipped with back drive gear, two sets the back drive gear intermeshing of sample anchor clamps, at least one the drive shaft even has the torsion actuator.
Preferably, the number of the bearing seats is two, the working platform is provided with bearing seat supports, the two bearing seats are arranged on the bearing seat supports, and one end, close to the driving shaft, of the sample clamp is installed in the bearing seats.
Preferably, the gearbox is characterized by further comprising a rear gearbox transition plate, the rear gearbox transition plate is movably connected with the working platform, the rear gearbox is installed on the rear gearbox transition plate, the working platform is further provided with an axial displacement mechanism, and the rear gearbox transition plate is connected with the axial displacement mechanism.
Preferably, the rear gear box is movably connected with the rear gear box transition plate, a radial displacement mechanism is arranged on the rear gear box transition plate, and the radial displacement mechanism is connected with the rear gear box to push the rear gear box to move along the radial direction of the sample clamp.
Preferably, the hydraulic control system further comprises an oil separator and an oil path rotary distributor, wherein the oil path rotary distributor is connected with the torsion actuator to provide hydraulic oil for the torsion actuator, and the oil separator is connected with the oil path rotary distributor and an oil supply device.
Preferably, the test device further comprises an air cooling mechanism which is positioned above the test station and used for cooling the sample.
Preferably, the test system further comprises a monitoring camera positioned above the test station and used for observing the condition of the sample.
Preferably, the temperature measuring device further comprises a temperature measuring mechanism for detecting the temperature of the sample.
Preferably, the working platform is provided with a support frame which is positioned below the testing station and used for supporting the temperature measuring mechanism.
The invention provides a fatigue wear testing machine for a cross shaft, which comprises a working platform, wherein a front supporting seat, a bearing seat and a rear supporting seat are arranged on the working platform, sample clamps are respectively arranged on the bearing seat and the rear supporting seat, a testing station is arranged between the sample clamps of the bearing seat and the rear supporting seat, a variable frequency motor is further arranged on the working platform, a driving shaft is arranged in the front supporting seat, a torsion actuator is further connected between the sample clamps, the variable frequency motor is in transmission connection with the driving shaft, and the driving shaft is connected with the sample clamps.
The rotating speed of the sample can be adjusted through the variable frequency motor in the test process of the cross shaft abrasion fatigue testing machine, and the load of the sample is adjusted through the torsion actuator. The variable frequency motor and the torsion actuator make the working condition of the sample accord with the working condition of low-speed heavy load or high-speed light load by adjusting the rotating speed and the load of the sample, thereby improving the accuracy of the test.
In addition, the cross shaft fatigue wear testing machine is further provided with a radial displacement mechanism and an axial displacement mechanism, the radial displacement mechanism and the axial displacement mechanism can adjust the angle and the axial force of the test sample, and therefore the working condition of the cross shaft fatigue wear testing machine is more consistent with the actual working condition, and the testing accuracy is further improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cross shaft fatigue wear testing machine provided by the invention.
Wherein the reference numerals in fig. 1 are:
the device comprises an oil separator 1, an oil path rotary distributor 2, a front gear box 3, a belt transmission mechanism 4, a variable frequency motor 5, a coupler 6, a torque rotating speed sensor 7, a bearing seat 8, a monitoring camera 9, an air cooling mechanism 10, a sample clamp 11, a rear gear box 12, a radial displacement mechanism 13, a working platform 14, an axial displacement mechanism 15, a rear gear box transition plate 16, an infrared temperature measuring mechanism 17, a sample 18, a bearing seat support 19 and a torsion servo actuator 20.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the disclosure, the invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cross shaft fatigue wear testing machine provided by the present invention.
The structure of the cross shaft fatigue wear testing machine provided by the invention is shown in figure 1, and the cross shaft fatigue wear testing machine comprises a working platform 14, a driving shaft and a sample clamp 11. Wherein, drive shaft and sample anchor clamps 11 coaxial setting, two sample anchor clamps 11 are one set, are the test station between two sample anchor clamps 11, and sample 18 installs in the test station, and the both ends of sample 18 are fixed through sample anchor clamps 11. The structure of the sample holder 11 can be referred to the prior art, and is not described in detail herein.
The working platform 14 is provided with a front support seat, a bearing seat 8 and a rear support seat. The drive shaft is mounted in the front support and the two sample holders 11 in the same set are mounted in the bearing block 8 and the rear support, respectively. When the sample 18 is attached to the sample holder 11, the drive shaft, the sample holder 11 and the sample 18 form a shaft-like structure.
The cross shaft fatigue wear testing machine further comprises a variable frequency motor 5, and the variable frequency motor 5 is in transmission connection with the driving shaft and further drives the shaft-shaped structure to rotate. The specimen 18 is subjected to a torque during operation, and the fatigue limit of the specimen 18 can be tested by operating for a long period of time.
In addition, the cross fatigue wear tester also includes a torsional actuator for applying a load to the test specimen 18. The torsional actuator is connected to the sample holder 11 and rotates with the sample 18. The torsion actuator includes a cylinder and a swing shaft, wherein the swing shaft is connected to the sample holder 11. The cylinder barrel is sleeved on the periphery of the swing shaft, two cylinders are formed between the swing shaft and the cylinder barrel, the adjusting torque can be changed by adjusting the pressure difference between the swing shaft and the cylinder barrel, and then the sample 18 is applied with a torsional load through the sample clamp 11. The specific structure of the torsion actuator can be referred to the prior art, and is not described in detail herein.
Further, in order to control the torque generated by the torsion actuator, the cross axle fatigue wear testing machine further comprises an oil separator 1 and an oil way rotary distributor 2. The oil separator 1 is connected with an oil supply device, the oil path rotary distributor 2 is connected with the oil separator 1, the oil path rotary distributor 2 can provide hydraulic oil for a rotary torsion actuator, the pressure difference between the cavities is adjusted, and therefore the load borne by the sample 18 is controlled.
In addition, oil reservoirs are provided in both the front gear case 3 and the rear gear case 12. The side surface of the gear box is also provided with a pipeline, an on-off valve, a liquid level meter, a thermometer, a heat exchanger and other parts. The oil pump can pump out lubricating oil from the oil storage tank and convey the lubricating oil to the heat exchanger for cooling. And the cooled lubricating oil is sprayed to the gear and the bearing through the on-off valve group and the hydraulic pipeline, so that the purposes of lubrication and cooling are achieved.
Optionally, the cross axle fatigue wear testing machine further comprises a driven shaft, and the end where the driving shaft and the driven shaft are located is the driving end of the cross axle fatigue wear testing machine. The front supporting seat is a front gear box 3, and a driving shaft and a driven shaft are both arranged in the front gear box 3. The periphery of the driving shaft and the driven shaft is provided with front transmission gears, and the two front transmission gears are meshed with each other. The sample clamps 11 are two sets, namely a first clamp connected with the driving shaft and a second clamp connected with the driven shaft. Each set of test fixtures 11 comprises two test fixtures 11. The rear support is a rear gearbox 12, the end of the first clamp remote from the drive shaft is mounted in the rear gearbox 12, and the end of the second clamp remote from the driven shaft is also mounted in the rear gearbox 12. The periphery of two sample anchor clamps 11 all is equipped with back drive gear, and two back drive gear intermeshing.
Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the torsional actuator is disposed between the driven shaft and the second clamp. Since the drive shaft is required to drive the driven shaft to rotate, the torque acting on the driven shaft is also transmitted to the drive shaft, i.e., the torsional actuator can apply torsional loads to both test specimens 18 simultaneously. Specifically, the torsional actuator is connected to the sample holder 11 via a coupling 6. In addition, a torque and rotation speed sensor 7 is arranged between the driving shaft and the first clamp, the torque and rotation speed sensor 7 can measure the torque and rotation speed borne by the sample 18 on the first clamp, the rotation speed and the torque of the sample 18 on the second clamp can be obtained through calculation, for example, when the transmission ratio between the driving shaft and the driven shaft is 1:1, the samples 18 on the first clamp and the second clamp have the same rotation speed and bear the same torque. The torque and rotation speed sensor 7 can realize the feedback adjustment of the working condition of the sample 18, and further accurately control the working condition. Two ends of the torque rotating speed sensor 7 are respectively connected with the driving shaft and the sample clamp 11 through a coupler 6. The torsion actuator may be embodied as a torsion servo actuator 20, and the torsion servo actuator 20 may be controlled by a control device to effect remote control of the test or to adjust the load of the test specimen 18 according to a predetermined curve.
Optionally, two sets of bearing seats 8 are provided, and one end of the first fixture close to the driving shaft and one end of the second fixture close to the driven shaft are respectively installed in the two bearing seats 8. The working platform 14 is provided with a bearing seat support 19, and the two sets of bearing seats 8 are arranged on the bearing seat support 19 side by side.
Optionally, the length of different test specimens 18 is often different, and in order to fit test specimens 18 of different sizes, the cross-shaft fatigue wear testing machine further comprises a rear gearbox transition plate 16. The rear gearbox transition plate 16 extends to two sides of the working platform 14 and is respectively attached to two side faces of the working platform 14 through two bending portions. Under the limiting action of the bent part, the rear gearbox transition plate 16 can move along the axial direction of the test sample 18. The rear gearbox 12 is mounted on a rear gearbox transition plate 16, and the cross axle fatigue wear testing machine further comprises an axial displacement mechanism 15. The fixed end of the axial displacement mechanism 15 is connected with the working platform 14, the axial displacement mechanism 15 is connected with the rear gearbox transition plate 16, and the axial displacement mechanism 15 can push the rear gearbox 12 to move through the rear gearbox transition plate 16 so as to adjust the length of the testing station. For example, the axial displacement mechanism 15 includes an axial lead screw pair and an axial displacement motor, as shown in fig. 1, the axial displacement motor and an axial lead screw in the axial lead screw pair are both mounted on the working platform 14, and an axial nut in the axial lead screw pair is connected to the transition plate 16 of the rear gearbox. The axial lead screw is parallel to the driving shaft, and the axial displacement motor can drive the axial lead screw to rotate through the bevel gear, so as to push the rear gear box 12 to move along the axial direction of the driving shaft. Of course, the user may set the structure of the axial displacement mechanism 15 by himself or herself as required, which is not limited herein.
The universal joint pin fatigue wear testing machine often has a certain angle in actual work, and further comprises a radial moving mechanism for enabling the working condition of the universal joint pin to be closer to the actual condition. The rear gear box 12 is arranged above the rear gear box transition plate 16, and limiting plates which are attached to the side faces, perpendicular to the axial direction of the driving shaft, of the rear gear box transition plate 16 are arranged on two sides of the bottom of the rear gear box 12. The two limiting plates allow the rear gearbox 12 to move on the rear gearbox transition plate 16 along the radial direction of the test piece 18. The radial shift mechanism is mounted on the rear gearbox transition plate 16 and is connected to the rear gearbox 12. The radial movement mechanism can move the rear gearbox 12. For example, the radial displacement mechanism 13 includes a radial screw pair and a radial movement motor. As shown in FIG. 1, the radial moving motor is mounted on the transition plate 16 of the rear gearbox, and a nut in the radial lead screw pair is connected with the radial moving motor through a bevel gear and driven by the radial moving motor to rotate. The radial lead screw in the radial lead screw pair is connected with the rear gear box 12, the radial lead screw is perpendicular to the driving shaft, and the radial moving motor can drive the radial nut to rotate and apply axial acting force to the radial lead screw so as to push the rear gear box 12 to move along the radial direction of the driving shaft. Of course, the user may set the structure of the radial moving mechanism according to the need, which is not limited herein.
The temperature of the test sample 18 is an important parameter for judging the performance of the cross shaft in the test process, and the cross shaft fatigue wear testing machine further comprises a temperature measuring mechanism. For example, the temperature measuring mechanism is an infrared temperature measuring mechanism 17, and the infrared temperature measuring mechanism 17 can measure the temperature of the sample 18 in a non-contact manner. The user may also select another temperature measuring mechanism, which is not limited herein.
The universal joint pins of different types are different in diameter, and in order to ensure that the temperature measuring mechanism and the sample 18 are always kept at a proper distance, the working platform 14 is also provided with a support frame. The temperature measuring mechanism is connected with the supporting frame in a detachable mode such as insertion or bolt connection. The tester can adjust the position of the temperature measuring mechanism according to the size of the sample 18. Of course, the user may also use a support frame with a lifting structure as required, which is not limited herein.
Optionally, in order to avoid the overhigh temperature of the test sample 18, the cross axle fatigue wear testing machine further comprises an air cooling mechanism 10. As shown in fig. 1, the air-cooling mechanism 10 includes a fan and an air-cooling support. The air cooling support is located one side of the testing station, and the fan is fixed at the upper end of the air cooling support and located above the testing station. The fan can adopt the working mode of sucking air downwards and exhausting air upwards, so that cold air around the test station flows through the test sample 18 and then is exhausted upwards, and the purpose of cooling the test sample 18 is achieved.
Optionally, fatigue test often the cycle is longer, for the convenience of remote observation test condition, cross axle fatigue wear testing machine still includes surveillance camera head 9. As shown in fig. 1, the camera post is mounted on the work platform 14 and is located to one side of the test station. The top of camera pillar is bent to test station, and surveillance camera 9 installs the top at the camera pillar. The monitoring camera 9 can adopt a large-angle and angle-adjustable camera, so that a tester can remotely observe the operation condition of each component in the cross shaft fatigue wear testing machine conveniently.
In this embodiment, the cross fatigue wear testing machine adjusts the rotating speed and the load of the sample 18 through the speed regulating motor and the torsion actuator respectively, and tests of two working conditions of high-speed light load and low-speed heavy load are realized. In addition, the cross shaft fatigue wear testing machine is also provided with a radial displacement mechanism 13 and an axial displacement mechanism 15, so that the installation space and the installation angle of the test sample 18 can be conveniently adjusted, and the test accuracy is further improved. In addition, the cross shaft fatigue wear testing machine is provided with two testing stations, and can be used for testing two samples 18 simultaneously, so that the testing efficiency is improved.
It is noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity from another entity without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities.
The cross axle fatigue wear testing machine provided by the invention is described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a cross fatigue wear testing machine, a serial communication port, including work platform (14), be equipped with preceding supporting seat, bearing frame (8) and back supporting seat on work platform (14), bearing frame (8) with back supporting seat all links there is sample anchor clamps (11), bearing frame (8) with back supporting seat connects for the test station between sample anchor clamps (11), still be equipped with inverter motor (5) on work platform (14), be equipped with the drive shaft in the preceding supporting seat, sample anchor clamps (11) still link to have torsional actuator, inverter motor (5) with the drive shaft transmission is connected, the drive shaft links to each other with sample anchor clamps (11).
2. The cross fatigue wear tester of claim 1, further comprising a driven shaft, the driving shaft and the driven shaft are arranged at the driving end, the driven shaft is connected with another set of sample clamp (11), the set of test fixtures (11) comprises two test fixtures (11), the front supporting seat is a front gear box (3), the rear supporting seat is a rear gear box (12), the peripheries of the driving shaft and the driven shaft are both provided with front transmission gears which are mutually meshed, the driving shaft with the driven shaft respectively with two sample anchor clamps (11) link to each other, sample anchor clamps (11) that the drive end was kept away from to the test station are equipped with back drive gear, two the back drive gear intermeshing of sample anchor clamps (11), and at least one set sample anchor clamps (11) even have the torsion actuator.
3. The cross shaft fatigue wear testing machine according to claim 2, wherein the number of the bearing seats (8) is two, the working platform (14) is provided with a bearing seat support (19), the two sets of the bearing seats (8) are both arranged on the bearing seat support (19), and one end of the sample clamp (11) close to the driving end is installed in the bearing seat (8).
4. The cross shaft fatigue wear testing machine according to claim 3, further comprising a rear gearbox transition plate (16), wherein the rear gearbox transition plate (16) is movably connected with the working platform (14), the rear gearbox (12) is mounted on the rear gearbox transition plate (16), an axial displacement mechanism (15) is further arranged on the working platform (14), and the rear gearbox transition plate (16) is connected with the axial displacement mechanism (15).
5. The cross shaft fatigue wear testing machine according to claim 4, wherein the rear gear box (12) is movably connected with the rear gear box transition plate (16), a radial displacement mechanism (13) is arranged on the rear gear box transition plate (16), and the radial displacement mechanism (13) is connected with the rear gear box (12) to push the rear gear box (12) to move along the radial direction of the sample clamp (11).
6. The cross-shaft fatigue wear testing machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising an oil separator (1) and an oil rotary distributor (2), wherein the oil rotary distributor (2) is connected to the torsion actuator to supply hydraulic oil thereto, and the oil separator (1) connects the oil rotary distributor (2) to an oil supply device.
7. The cross-pin fatigue wear tester of any of claims 1-6, further comprising an air cooling mechanism (10) located above the testing station for cooling the test specimen (18).
8. The cross-pin fatigue wear tester of any of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a monitoring camera (9) located above the test station to observe the condition of the test specimen (18).
9. The cross-shaft fatigue wear testing machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a temperature measuring mechanism for detecting the temperature of the test piece (18).
10. The cross-shaft fatigue wear testing machine of claim 9, wherein the working platform (14) is provided with a support frame positioned below the testing station for supporting the temperature measuring mechanism.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110913620.4A CN113624629A (en) | 2021-08-10 | 2021-08-10 | Fatigue wear testing machine for cross axle |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110913620.4A CN113624629A (en) | 2021-08-10 | 2021-08-10 | Fatigue wear testing machine for cross axle |
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| CN113624629A true CN113624629A (en) | 2021-11-09 |
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| CN202110913620.4A Pending CN113624629A (en) | 2021-08-10 | 2021-08-10 | Fatigue wear testing machine for cross axle |
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| CN114199537A (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2022-03-18 | 浙江方向实业股份有限公司 | Steering wheel endurance test detection device |
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