CN113624435B - Method for response phase relation of double-shaft resonance type fatigue loading of wind turbine blade - Google Patents
Method for response phase relation of double-shaft resonance type fatigue loading of wind turbine blade Download PDFInfo
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- CN113624435B CN113624435B CN202110850405.4A CN202110850405A CN113624435B CN 113624435 B CN113624435 B CN 113624435B CN 202110850405 A CN202110850405 A CN 202110850405A CN 113624435 B CN113624435 B CN 113624435B
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- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 74
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009661 fatigue test Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000006261 foam material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
- G01M7/06—Multidirectional test stands
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for responding to phase relation by double-shaft resonance type fatigue loading of a wind turbine blade, which aims at the problem that the existing wind turbine blade fatigue test mostly adopts unidirectional load application, and in the aspects of some developed bidirectional fatigue loading researches, especially in the aspects of bidirectional fatigue loading researches and attempts adopting resonance excitation, the vibration phase relation of the blade in the two directions of waving and shimmy is difficult and controllable, and is a bottleneck problem which restricts the application of bidirectional fatigue loading in the test industry.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation in the mechanical industry, in particular to a method for adjusting a response phase relation of wind turbine blade double-shaft resonance type fatigue loading based on damping, which can meet the requirement of meeting a test scheme on the vibration response phase difference of the wind turbine blade in two directions of waving and shimmy under the condition of simultaneously applying fatigue loading to the wind turbine blade.
Background
Wind turbine blade fatigue performance assessment is an important item of wind turbine blade research and development and design attention. In order to evaluate the fatigue performance of the blade, a fatigue test is generally performed on a test bench after the development and trial production of the novel blade. It is contemplated that the main fatigue loading in blade operation should include a fatigue loading spectrum in the flapwise direction and a fatigue loading spectrum in the edgewise direction. In performing fatigue tests, if both load spectrums can be applied to the blade at the same time, the measured results will be more effective.
However, fatigue loads are applied to the blade in the flapping and shimmy directions, so that the performance of the blade is measured, and a plurality of difficulties exist, which also lead to the difficulty in effectively developing double-shaft fatigue tests in the current industry, but the problem that unidirectional fatigue tests in the flapping direction and the shimmy direction are still developed in most cases is solved, so that the development of the wind power industry is restrained. In order to achieve this goal of blade flapping, edgewise simultaneous loading, it is necessary to develop research into the difficulties faced. The method is developed aiming at the problem that the phase relation between the waving and shimmy vibration responses is difficult to control under the condition of double-shaft loading, and can solve the problem that the phase relation between the waving and shimmy vibration responses is inconsistent with an expected value, so that a technical and method support is provided for developing double-shaft fatigue test.
Disclosure of Invention
First, the technical problem to be solved is
Aiming at the problems that in the existing wind turbine blade fatigue test, the single direction loading in the flapping or shimmy direction is mostly adopted, the fatigue load cannot be applied to the blade in the flapping and shimmy directions at the same time, the double-shaft fatigue test is difficult to effectively develop, and the evaluation of the fatigue resistance under the actual running condition of the blade cannot be met. The blade resonance type double-shaft fatigue test loading method can effectively evaluate the real fatigue resistance of the blade. However, in order to realize the biaxial fatigue test, many technical problems need to be solved. Under the condition of simultaneous loading in two directions, the phase relation between the swing and oscillation bidirectional vibration responses can be influenced by the swing and oscillation direction damping of the blade, so that the phase relation in the actual test is different from the expected phase relation. The presence of this difference will cause the fatigue test results to fail to meet the desired test objectives. Therefore, there is a need to develop a technique and method that ensures that the phase relationship in the actual test is consistent with the desired phase relationship in the flap and lag bi-directional fatigue test. According to the method, the reasons for the inconsistency are analyzed, the reasons for the problems are found to be different in damping conditions of the blade flapping direction and the shimmy direction, so that an additional damping device is added, and the damping value is adjusted, so that the aim that the phase relation in the actual test is consistent with the expected phase relation is fulfilled.
(II) technical scheme
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the technical purpose is as follows:
1. the method for adjusting the response phase relation of the biaxial resonance fatigue loading of the wind turbine blade based on damping mainly aims at the technical problem that the vibration phase difference of two directions caused by the damping condition difference between the waving direction and the shimmy direction can not meet the experimental requirement under the condition of adjusting the biaxial resonance fatigue loading of the wind turbine blade, and is characterized by at least comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of S1, mounting a wind turbine blade to be tested on an experimental bench, and simultaneously applying load to the blade waving direction and the blade shimmy direction according to test loads of corresponding amplitude, frequency and phase required by a test scheme;
SS2, measuring and recording displacement response parameters of the blade vibrating in the flapping and shimmy directions;
SS3, when stable vibration is achieved through a section of initial vibration, recording phase values of displacement vibration parameters of the blade in the flapping and shimmy directions, and respectively calculating phase difference values between the load and displacement response of the flapping direction and the shimmy direction and phase difference values between the vibration and displacement response of the flapping direction and the shimmy direction according to the load phase values given in the step SS 1;
SS4. Because of the structure of the blade itself and the influence of the surrounding air during vibration, there is an influence of vibration damping in both the flapping and edgewise directions, so that there is a certain phase difference between the vibration response and the vibration load, and the influence of damping on the phase difference is not negligible in view of the trend of the blade enlargement. The vibration damping of the blade in the flapping direction is different from that in the shimmy direction, so that the phase influence of the damping in the two directions on the load and the response in the two directions is also different. Therefore, under the condition of vibration of the blade, the phase relation between the two vibration displacement responses in the flapping and shimmy directions cannot be accurately predicted due to the damping effect, which results in that the phase relation between the two vibration displacement responses in the flapping and shimmy directions in the actual test is different from the phase difference between the two directions expected by the test scheme. Therefore, according to the phase difference value calculated in the step SS3, evaluation is carried out, whether the phase difference value between the two direction vibration responses is consistent with the phase difference value required by the test scheme is compared, if so, adjustment is not needed, and if not, subsequent adjustment is needed;
SS5, comparing the phase conditions of vibration displacement in the waving direction and the shimmy direction, and judging whether to install a damping adjustment device in the waving direction or the shimmy direction, wherein the damping adjustment device is used for increasing or decreasing a damping value, and the principle of increasing the damping adjustment by the damping device is that if the phase value of a vibration object is expected to be increased in a certain direction, damping is required to be increased in the certain direction, otherwise, if the phase value in the certain direction is expected to be decreased, damping is reduced in the certain direction;
SS6, after the damping adjusting device is installed, loading and measuring are carried out again, the vibration phase difference value in the waving and shimmy directions after the damping adjusting device is installed is recorded, the damping value of the damping adjusting device is adjusted according to the measuring result, and then measuring and adjusting are carried out again until the vibration phase difference value in the waving and shimmy directions meets the requirement of a test scheme;
SS7, after the adjustment, under the condition that the blade is subjected to waving loading and shimmy loading simultaneously, the phase difference value of the vibration response of the blade in the waving and shimmy directions can meet the requirement expected by the test.
Preferably, when the damping value in a certain direction needs to be increased, the damping adjusting device is selected to be provided with a flat plate or similar structural body with larger wind resistance in a certain direction on the blade; when it is desired to reduce the damping value in a certain direction, the damping adjustment device is selected to be a device with a streamline shape in a certain direction mounted on the blade.
Further, the increase of the damping value is adjusted by increasing or decreasing the area of the flat plate, or the decrease of the damping value is adjusted by increasing or decreasing the area of the streamline outer shape.
Preferably, the method is developed to solve the problem that when the blade swings and oscillates and simultaneously applies fatigue load, the phase difference value of the vibration response in two directions cannot meet the requirement of a test scheme.
Preferably, in order to adjust the phase difference value of the vibration response under the condition of two-direction loading of flapping and shimmy, the original phase difference under the condition of not installing an additional damping device needs to be measured, the evaluation is carried out according to the difference value and the difference between the test scheme, the direction of installing the damping device on the blade is selected, and the damping device is a device for increasing damping or reducing damping.
Preferably, in order to achieve a satisfactory damping adjustment effect, a loading test is performed under the condition of installing the device, the influence effect of the damping device is verified, and multiple adjustments are performed according to the effect until the requirement of a test scheme is met.
According to the method for adjusting the swing and swing vibration phase relation based on damping, the damping device is added in the swing or swing vibration direction, so that the vibration damping condition in one direction is changed, the vibration phase relation of the swing and swing vibration in two directions is kept at an expected value, and the target of bidirectional fatigue loading is met.
(III) beneficial effects
Compared with the prior art, the method for adjusting the phase relation of the swing vibration based on damping has the following obvious substantial characteristics and remarkable advantages:
the existing industry mainly adopts unidirectional load application in wind turbine blade fatigue test, and in some developed bidirectional fatigue loading research aspects, in particular to the aspects of bidirectional fatigue loading research and attempt by adopting resonance excitation, the vibration phase relation of the blade in the two directions of flapping and shimmy is difficult and controlled, which is a bottleneck problem restricting the application of bidirectional fatigue loading in the test industry.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to specific embodiments in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent.
In this embodiment, taking the current mainstream MW-level wind turbine blade as an example, when implementing the method for adjusting the response phase relation of the wind turbine blade based on the damping dual-axis resonance fatigue loading of the present invention, the following steps are adopted:
1) The method comprises the steps of mounting a wind turbine blade to be tested on an experiment bench, and applying load to the blade waving direction and the shimmy direction according to test loads of corresponding amplitude, frequency and phase required by a test scheme;
2) Measuring and recording response parameters of the blade vibrating in the flapping and shimmy directions;
3) When stable vibration is achieved through a section of initial vibration, recording phase values of the blade in the waving and shimmy directions, and respectively calculating phase difference values of load and response in the waving and shimmy directions and phase difference values of vibration responses of the waving and shimmy directions;
4) Evaluating according to the measured and recorded phase difference values in the step 3), and judging whether the phase difference value between the two direction vibration responses is consistent with the phase difference value required by the test scheme, if so, the phase difference value is not consistent, and if not, the subsequent adjustment is required, in the example, the subsequent adjustment is assumed to be inconsistent, so that the subsequent adjustment is required;
5) Comparing the phase conditions of the waving direction and the shimmy direction, judging whether to install a damping adjusting device in the waving direction or the shimmy direction, wherein the damping adjusting device is used for increasing or reducing a damping value, the example assumes that the phase of vibration in the waving direction needs to be adjusted, and the phase difference value of waving and shimmy vibration can be consistent with an expected value by reducing the phase value in the waving direction, so that the damping adjustment is carried out in the waving direction, the purpose of reducing the phase value in the waving direction can be achieved by reducing the damping value in the waving direction, and the device for reducing the damping is considered;
6) In order to achieve the above purpose, a plurality of streamline covers made of foam materials are arranged on the blade, the length of each cover along the expanding direction of the blade is 50 cm, the inner part of each cover is consistent with the molded line of the blade so as to ensure that the cover can be sleeved on the blade, and the outer part of each cover has a streamline structure in the waving direction;
7) After the damping adjusting device is installed, loading and measuring are carried out again, the vibration phase difference value in the waving and shimmy directions after the additional damping device is installed is recorded, the positions and the number of the damping adjusting devices are adjusted according to the measuring result, for example, the number of the outer covers is properly increased or decreased, and then loading and measuring are carried out again until the vibration phase difference value in the waving and shimmy directions meets the requirement of a test scheme;
8) After the adjustment, under the condition that the blade is subjected to waving loading and shimmy loading simultaneously, the phase difference value of the vibration response of the blade in the waving and shimmy directions can meet the requirement expected by the test.
Through implementation of the steps, the phase relation between the flapping and the shimmy direction vibration response during the resonant fatigue bidirectional loading of the blade can meet the expected requirement.
The above specific embodiments are used for further detailed description of the objects, technical solutions and advantageous effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the foregoing description is only of specific embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention, but rather should be construed to cover all modifications, equivalents, improvements and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for adjusting a wind turbine blade biaxial resonance type fatigue loading response phase relation based on damping, the method at least comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of S1, mounting a wind turbine blade to be tested on an experimental bench, and simultaneously applying load to the blade waving direction and the blade shimmy direction according to test loads of corresponding amplitude, frequency and phase required by a test scheme;
SS2, measuring and recording displacement response parameters of the blade vibrating in the flapping and shimmy directions;
SS3, when stable vibration is achieved through a section of initial vibration, recording phase values of displacement vibration parameters of the blade in the flapping and shimmy directions, and respectively calculating phase difference values between the load and displacement response of the flapping direction and the shimmy direction and phase difference values between the vibration displacement response of the flapping and shimmy directions according to the load phase values given in the step SS 1;
SS4, evaluating according to the phase difference value calculated in the step SS3, and comparing whether the phase difference value between the two directions of vibration response is consistent with the phase difference value required by the test scheme, if so, adjusting is not needed, and if not, subsequent adjustment is needed;
SS5 comparing the phase of the vibration displacements in the waving and shimmy directions, determining whether to install a damping adjustment device in the waving or shimmy directions for increasing or decreasing the damping value, if it is desired to increase the phase value of the vibrating object in a certain direction, increasing the damping value in that direction, otherwise, if it is desired to decrease the phase value in a certain direction, decreasing the damping value in that direction, wherein,
when the damping value in a certain direction is required to be increased, the damping adjusting device is selected to be provided with a flat plate or a similar structure body with larger wind resistance in the certain direction on the blade, when the damping value in the certain direction is required to be reduced, the damping adjusting device is selected to be provided with a device with streamline shape in the certain direction on the blade,
and, in addition, the processing unit,
in order to adjust the displacement phase difference value of vibration response under the condition of two-direction loading of waving and shimmy, the original vibration displacement phase difference under the condition of not installing a damping adjusting device is required to be measured, the difference value is evaluated according to the difference value and the difference of a test scheme, the direction of a blade is selected to be provided with the damping adjusting device, and the damping adjusting device is a device for increasing damping or reducing damping;
SS6, after the damping adjusting device is installed, loading and measuring are carried out again, the vibration phase difference value in the waving and shimmy directions after the damping adjusting device is installed is recorded, the damping value of the damping adjusting device is adjusted according to the measuring result, and then measuring and adjusting are carried out again until the vibration phase difference value in the waving and shimmy directions meets the requirement of a test scheme;
SS7, after the adjustment, under the condition that the blade is subjected to waving loading and shimmy loading simultaneously, the phase difference value of the vibration response of the blade in the waving and shimmy directions can meet the requirement expected by the test.
2. The method for adjusting a wind turbine blade biaxial resonant fatigue loading response phase relationship based on damping according to claim 1, wherein the increase of damping value is adjusted by increasing or decreasing the area of the flat plate or the decrease of damping value is adjusted by increasing or decreasing the area of the streamline outer shape.
3. The method for adjusting the response phase relation of the wind turbine blade based on the double-shaft resonance type fatigue loading based on the damping according to claim 1, wherein in order to achieve a satisfactory damping adjustment effect, a loading test is required to be carried out again under the condition of installing the device, the influence effect of the damping adjustment device is verified, and multiple adjustments are carried out according to the effect until the requirement of a test scheme is met.
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