CN113623883A - Heat pump for extreme cold weather - Google Patents
Heat pump for extreme cold weather Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113623883A CN113623883A CN202010379593.2A CN202010379593A CN113623883A CN 113623883 A CN113623883 A CN 113623883A CN 202010379593 A CN202010379593 A CN 202010379593A CN 113623883 A CN113623883 A CN 113623883A
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- Prior art keywords
- heat exchanger
- compressor
- enthalpy
- loop
- heat pump
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 17
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
- F25B9/008—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a heat pump used in extreme cold weather, which comprises an indoor heat exchanger, a compressor and an outdoor heat exchanger, wherein the inlet of the indoor heat exchanger is connected with the outlet of the compressor, and a main loop and an enthalpy-increasing loop are arranged between the outlet of the indoor heat exchanger and the compressor in parallel; the outdoor heat exchanger is arranged on the main loop. The heat pump solves the technical problems of insufficient heat supply, increased compressor ratio and rapid reduction of system performance coefficient caused by continuous reduction of outdoor temperature and continuous increase of indoor heating load of the traditional air source heat pump in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of heat pumps, and particularly relates to a heat pump used in extremely cold weather.
Background
According to the law of heat energy, heat is transferred from a place with high temperature to a place with low temperature when not controlled by external factors, while a heat pump is a machine for transferring heat from a place with low temperature to a place with high temperature, and an air conditioner is a common heat pump type.
However, the above cycle is accompanied by the continuous decrease of outdoor temperature, the continuous increase of indoor heating load, the problems of insufficient heat supply, the increase of compressor ratio, the rapid decrease of system performance coefficient, etc. appear. Therefore, it is an urgent need to solve the problem of providing a heat pump that can still have sufficient heating capacity in low-temperature areas and extremely cold areas and can stably operate.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a heat pump used in an extremely cold weather to relieve the technical problem that an expansion device in the prior art stably operates under a low-temperature and extremely cold condition.
In order to achieve the above purposes, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the heat pump used in the extreme cold weather comprises an indoor heat exchanger, a compressor and an outdoor heat exchanger, wherein an inlet of the indoor heat exchanger is connected with an outlet of the compressor, and a main loop and an enthalpy-increasing loop are arranged between the outlet of the indoor heat exchanger and the compressor in parallel; the outdoor heat exchanger is arranged on the main loop; the enthalpy-increasing loop comprises an enthalpy-increasing loop electromagnetic valve and an expander; one end of the enthalpy-increasing loop electromagnetic valve is connected with the indoor heat exchanger, the other end of the enthalpy-increasing loop electromagnetic valve is connected with one end of the expander, and the other end of the expander is connected with the first inlet.
Further, the heat pump for use in extreme cold weather as described above further includes a regenerator, the regenerator includes a first inlet, a second inlet, a first outlet, and a second outlet, the primary loop flows in from the first inlet and flows out from the first outlet, and the enthalpy-increasing loop flows in from the second inlet and flows out from the second outlet; the second inlet is connected to a first end of the first auxiliary capillary tube, and a second end of the second auxiliary capillary tube is connected to the compressor.
Further, as described above, in the heat pump for use in extreme cold weather, a filter is provided between the main capillary tube and the outdoor heat exchanger.
Further, as described above, in the heat pump for use in extreme cold weather, a check valve is provided between the first end of the first auxiliary capillary and the branch.
Further, the heat pump for use in extreme cold weather as described above further includes a gas-liquid separator disposed on the main circuit and between the outdoor heat exchanger and the compressor.
Further, according to the heat pump for use in extreme cold weather, an electromagnetic valve is arranged between a starting point of the parallel connection of the main loop and the enthalpy-increasing loop and the indoor heat exchanger; a bidirectional expander is arranged between the inlet of the indoor heat exchanger and the outlet of the compressor.
The invention has the beneficial technical effects that: according to the heat pump with the enhanced vapor injection loop in the extremely cold weather, the operation of the system is controlled by controlling the capillary solenoid valve and the solenoid valve of the enhanced vapor loop, the refrigerating gas is supplemented by the enhanced vapor loop, so that the displacement of the compressor is increased, the increase of the heating capacity is realized, and the heat pump can stably operate in the extremely cold weather.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a heat pump for use in extreme cold weather according to the present invention.
In the figure:
1-outdoor heat exchanger 2-compressor 3-four-way valve 4-gas-liquid separator 5-indoor heat exchanger 6-enthalpy-increasing loop electromagnetic valve 7-expander 8-first auxiliary capillary tube 9-second auxiliary capillary tube 10-heat regenerator 11-control capillary tube electromagnetic valve 12-one-way valve 13-main capillary tube.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the heat pump for use in extreme cold weather provided by the present invention comprises an indoor heat exchanger 5 and a compressor 2, wherein an inlet of the indoor heat exchanger 5 is connected to an outlet of the compressor 2, and a main loop and an enthalpy-increasing loop are arranged in parallel between the outlet of the indoor heat exchanger 5 and the compressor 2; the expansion device is connected in series on the main loop; a main capillary tube 13 and an outdoor heat exchanger 1 are connected in sequence between the expansion device and the compressor 2.
Due to the existing heat pump, when the outdoor temperature is very low, the heat exchange capacity of the outdoor unit is reduced, the return air quantity of the normal return air port of the compressor 2 is reduced, the power of the compressor 2 is reduced, and the best effect cannot be achieved. When the carbon dioxide heat pump with the enhanced vapor injection loop is used in extremely cold weather, on one hand, the refrigeration gas is supplemented through the enhanced vapor loop, so that the displacement of the compressor 2 is increased, the amount of the circulating refrigerant for heating the heat exchanger of the indoor unit is increased, and the heating capacity is increased. Meanwhile, on the other hand, the expansion device is connected to the main circuit, and the heating capacity is increased by adjusting the number of connected capillaries.
The heat pump for extreme cold weather of the invention controls the operation of the system by controlling the capillary electromagnetic valve 11 and the electromagnetic valve of the enthalpy increasing loop. Automatic regulation in a large temperature range is achieved by controlling the capillary solenoid valve 11. The refrigerant gas is supplemented through the enthalpy increasing circuit, thereby increasing the discharge capacity of the compressor 2. According to the carbon dioxide heat pump with the enhanced vapor injection loop in the extremely cold weather, the heating capacity is increased under the combined action of the structure of the main loop and the method for increasing the enhanced vapor injection loop, so that the carbon dioxide heat pump can stably operate in the extremely cold weather.
The invention also comprises a heat regenerator 10, wherein the heat regenerator 10 comprises a first inlet, a second inlet, a first outlet and a second outlet, the main loop flows in from the first inlet and flows out from the first outlet, and the enthalpy-increasing loop flows in from the second inlet and flows out from the second outlet; the second inlet is connected to a first end of a first auxiliary capillary 8 and a second end of a second auxiliary capillary 9 is connected to the compressor 2.
The heat regenerator 10 has three main functions, namely, high-pressure liquid before throttling is supercooled to avoid vaporization before throttling, and meanwhile, the suction temperature of the compressor 2 is increased to reduce harmful overheating and improve the working condition of the compressor 2; secondly, the refrigeration coefficient of the refrigeration device can be improved; thirdly, liquid vaporization carried in the gas is counteracted, cold energy can be recycled, and normal oil return of the compressor 2 can be ensured.
The enthalpy-increasing loop comprises an enthalpy-increasing loop electromagnetic valve 6 and an expander 7; one end of the enthalpy-increasing loop electromagnetic valve 6 is connected with the indoor heat exchanger 5, the other end of the enthalpy-increasing loop electromagnetic valve is connected with one end of an expander 7, and the other end of the expander 7 is connected with a first inlet. When the heat pump detects that the external temperature should be connected into the enthalpy-increasing loop, whether the enthalpy-increasing loop is connected or not can be controlled by controlling the enthalpy-increasing loop electromagnetic valve 6, so that the automatic operation of the heat pump is realized.
The invention also comprises a gas-liquid separator 4, wherein the gas-liquid separator 4 is arranged on the main loop and is positioned between the outdoor heat exchanger 1 and the compressor 2; a four-way valve 3 is arranged between the gas-liquid separator 4 and the outdoor heat exchanger 1.
An electromagnetic valve is arranged between the starting point of the parallel connection of the main loop and the enthalpy-increasing loop and the indoor heat exchanger 5; a bidirectional expander 7 is arranged between the inlet of the indoor heat exchanger 5 and the outlet of the compressor 2.
The refrigerant is carbon dioxide. When the refrigerant is used as a refrigerant, the working principle of carbon dioxide and Freon is basically the same, but the carbon dioxide is more environment-friendly.
The invention also comprises a controller, wherein the capillary control electromagnetic valve 11, the enthalpy-increasing loop electromagnetic valve 6 and the electromagnetic valves are all communicated with the controller. The controller can automatically control the opening and closing of each valve.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
when the indoor air heater is used for heating in winter, high-pressure refrigerant steam discharged by the compressor 2 flows into the indoor heat exchanger 5 (used as a condenser) through the four-way valve 3 and releases heat when the refrigerant steam is condensed, so that the indoor air is heated, and the aim of heating the indoor air is fulfilled. The refrigerant coming out of the indoor heat exchanger 5 will then be divided into two cases:
in the first case: when the system heats at the temperature higher than-5 ℃, the capillary electromagnetic valve 11 is controlled to be opened, the control electromagnetic valve is a normally open electromagnetic valve, the enthalpy-increasing loop electromagnetic valve 6 is closed, and the enthalpy-increasing loop electromagnetic valve is a normally closed electromagnetic valve. The refrigerant from the indoor heat exchanger 5 directly enters the heat regenerator 10, then passes through the first auxiliary capillary tube 8 loop, then enters the filter 14 through the main capillary tube 13, the filtered refrigerant enters the outdoor heat exchanger 1 (used as an evaporator), the evaporated steam passes through the four-way valve 3 again, enters the gas-liquid separator 4, and finally is sucked by the compressor 2, and the heating cycle is completed.
In the second case: when the system heats at the temperature lower than-5 ℃ in the environment, the capillary solenoid valve 11 is controlled to be closed, and the enthalpy-increasing loop solenoid valve 6 is controlled to be opened. The refrigerant from the indoor heat exchanger 5 enters the heat regenerator 10 through the expander 7, a small part of the refrigerant from the heat regenerator 10 directly returns to the compressor 2 again to supplement the refrigerant gas, so that the displacement of the compressor 2 is increased, the amount of the circulating refrigerant heated by the indoor heat exchanger is increased, and the increase of the heating capacity is realized; meanwhile, most of the refrigerant from the heat regenerator 10 passes through the first auxiliary capillary tube 8 and the second auxiliary capillary tube 9, namely, both the two capillary tubes are connected into a loop; then enters the filter 14 through the main capillary tube 13, the filtered refrigerant enters the outdoor heat exchanger 1 (used as an evaporator), the evaporated steam enters the gas-liquid separator 4 after passing through the four-way valve 3 again, and finally is sucked by the compressor 2, thus completing the heating cycle.
The invention also provides an expansion device, which comprises a first auxiliary capillary tube 8, a second auxiliary capillary tube 9 and a control capillary tube electromagnetic valve 11;
the second end of the first auxiliary capillary 8 and the first end of said second auxiliary capillary 9 are connected; a first end of the first auxiliary capillary 8 is connected with a second end of the second auxiliary capillary 9, a branch is arranged between the second end of the first auxiliary capillary 8 and the second end of the second auxiliary capillary 9, and a control capillary solenoid valve 11 is arranged on the branch.
During heating, if the ambient temperature is lower than a certain value, the first auxiliary capillary tube 8 and the second auxiliary capillary tube 9 are connected to the circulation loop at the same time by opening the capillary tube electromagnetic valves, so that the number of capillary tubes in the circulation loop is increased. Since the performance of the heat pump mainly depends on the state of the refrigerant at the inlet of the capillary tube and the geometric size of the capillary tube, the increase of the number of the capillary tubes can cause the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet of the capillary tube to be increased, so that the pressure reduction throttling effect of the capillary tube is more obvious.
A one-way valve 12 is arranged between the first end of the first auxiliary capillary 8 and said branch.
The heat pump for use in extreme cold weather according to the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments according to the inventive concept and technical solutions of the present invention, and the embodiments also belong to the technical innovation scope and the patent protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A heat pump used in extreme cold weather is characterized by comprising an indoor heat exchanger, a compressor and an outdoor heat exchanger, wherein an inlet of the indoor heat exchanger is connected with an outlet of the compressor, and a main loop and an enthalpy-increasing loop are arranged between an outlet of the indoor heat exchanger and the compressor in parallel; the outdoor heat exchanger is arranged on the main loop; the enthalpy-increasing loop comprises an enthalpy-increasing loop electromagnetic valve and an expander; one end of the enthalpy-increasing loop electromagnetic valve is connected with the indoor heat exchanger, the other end of the enthalpy-increasing loop electromagnetic valve is connected with one end of the expander, and the other end of the expander is connected with the first inlet.
2. The heat pump for use in arctic climates according to claim 1, further comprising a regenerator, the regenerator including a first inlet, a second inlet, a first outlet, and a second outlet, the primary loop flowing from the first inlet and out the first outlet, the enthalpy-increasing loop flowing from the second inlet and out the second outlet; the second inlet is connected to a first end of the first auxiliary capillary tube, and a second end of the second auxiliary capillary tube is connected to the compressor.
3. The heat pump for use in arctic climates according to claim 2, wherein a filter is disposed between the primary capillary tube and the outdoor heat exchanger.
4. A heat pump for use in extreme cold weather according to claim 3, characterised in that a one-way valve is provided between the first end of the first auxiliary capillary tube and the branch.
5. The heat pump for use in arctic climates according to claim 4, further comprising a gas-liquid separator disposed on the main circuit between the outdoor heat exchanger and the compressor.
6. The heat pump for use in extreme cold weather according to claim 5, wherein a solenoid valve is provided between a starting point of the parallel connection of the main circuit and the enthalpy-increasing circuit and the indoor heat exchanger; a bidirectional expander is arranged between the inlet of the indoor heat exchanger and the outlet of the compressor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010379593.2A CN113623883A (en) | 2020-05-06 | 2020-05-06 | Heat pump for extreme cold weather |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010379593.2A CN113623883A (en) | 2020-05-06 | 2020-05-06 | Heat pump for extreme cold weather |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113623883A true CN113623883A (en) | 2021-11-09 |
Family
ID=78377066
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010379593.2A Pending CN113623883A (en) | 2020-05-06 | 2020-05-06 | Heat pump for extreme cold weather |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113623883A (en) |
-
2020
- 2020-05-06 CN CN202010379593.2A patent/CN113623883A/en active Pending
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20211109 |
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| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |