CN113620649A - Terrace anti-cracking colored concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Terrace anti-cracking colored concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
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- C04B16/00—Use of organic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of organic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B16/04—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B16/06—Macromolecular compounds fibrous
- C04B16/0616—Macromolecular compounds fibrous from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B16/0625—Polyalkenes, e.g. polyethylene
- C04B16/0633—Polypropylene
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- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
- C04B20/026—Comminuting, e.g. by grinding or breaking; Defibrillating fibres other than asbestos
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- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/28—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B24/281—Polyepoxides
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- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/38—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
- C04B24/383—Cellulose or derivatives thereof
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- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
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- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
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- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/34—Non-shrinking or non-cracking materials
- C04B2111/343—Crack resistant materials
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- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/80—Optical properties, e.g. transparency or reflexibility
- C04B2111/82—Coloured materials
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- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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Abstract
The application relates to the field of terrace materials, and particularly discloses a terrace anti-cracking colored concrete and a preparation method thereof. The floor anti-cracking colored concrete comprises the following substances in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of aggregate, 40-60 parts of cement, 20-30 parts of water, 3-5 parts of pigment and filler, 10-20 parts of admixture and 1-3 parts of water reducing agent, wherein the admixture is a mixed material with a short fiber structure, the mixed material comprises cellulose and polypropylene crude fiber, and the mass ratio of the cellulose to the polypropylene crude fiber is 1: 0.5-2, the length of the mixed material is 8-105-15 mm; the preparation method comprises the following steps: s1, crushing; s2, pre-dispersing; and S3, preparing concrete. The colored concrete can be used in fields of playgrounds, roads and the like, and has the advantage of good anti-cracking effect.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of terrace materials, in particular to a terrace anti-cracking colored concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
A floor generally represents a decorative or functional floor formed by treating an existing floor with a specific material and process. Common terraces are epoxy self-leveling terraces, cement-based terraces, polyurethane terraces, concrete-sealed and solidified terraces and the like. The concrete terrace is mainly paved by adopting terrace concrete, wherein the color concrete is widely applied.
Colored concrete generally has the effects of water resistance, skid resistance, corrosion resistance and the like, and is used as an environment-friendly floor decoration material laid on an undried cement floor. The colored concrete is printed on the cement floor through a special die, and the colored concrete is easy to crack because of the specific shape formed by the colored concrete. In order to reduce the occurrence of cracking of the colored concrete, an admixture is usually added into the colored concrete to improve the strength of the colored concrete and enhance the cracking resistance of the colored concrete.
In view of the above-mentioned related technologies, the inventor believes that simply adding the admixture to the colored concrete results in poor dispersion effect of the admixture in the colored concrete due to the tendency of agglomeration of the admixture, that is, the admixture is unevenly distributed in the colored concrete, resulting in poor anti-cracking effect of the colored concrete.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the defect that the anti-cracking effect of the colored concrete is poor, the application provides a terrace anti-cracking colored concrete and a preparation method thereof, and the following technical scheme is adopted:
in a first aspect, the application provides a terrace crack-resistant colored concrete, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the colored concrete for preventing the floor from cracking comprises 60-80 parts of aggregate, 40-60 parts of cement, 20-30 parts of water, 3-5 parts of pigment and filler, 10-20 parts of admixture and 1-3 parts of water reducing agent, wherein the admixture is a mixed material with a short fiber structure, the mixed material comprises cellulose and polypropylene crude fiber, and the mass ratio of the cellulose to the polypropylene crude fiber is 1: 0.5-2, and the length of the mixed material is 5-15 mm.
By adopting the technical scheme, because the cellulose with the short fiber structure and the polypropylene coarse fiber with the short fiber structure are compounded to be used as the mixed material, the cellulose and the polypropylene coarse fiber are not easy to agglomerate, the dispersion effect of the admixture in concrete is improved, and the concrete obtains a relatively uniform anti-cracking effect.
Meanwhile, through the reticular structure of the cellulose, in the process of mixing the cellulose and the polypropylene crude fiber, part of the polypropylene crude fiber and the cellulose are inserted, so that a divergent reticular structure is formed, and through effective filling of the reticular structure, the admixture is used as a framework manufacturing material in the concrete base material, so that the connection strength of the base material in the concrete is improved, and the anti-cracking effect of the concrete is improved.
In addition, the polypropylene coarse fibers have a good dispersing effect in the concrete, so that the dispersing effect of the admixture in the concrete is further improved, meanwhile, the polypropylene coarse fibers and the cellulose can absorb vibration to a certain extent, and then the admixture is stably connected with a base material in the concrete, so that the anti-cracking effect of the concrete is further improved.
Preferably, the cellulose is modified cellulose, and the modification treatment comprises the following steps: (1) respectively weighing the following substances in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, 2.5-5 parts of sodium hydroxide, 5-10 parts of 2-chloroethanol, 50-100 parts of ethanol and 3-5 parts of sodium chloroacetate; (2) crystal elimination treatment: taking the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution and the cellulose in the step (1), stirring and mixing, carrying out suction filtration, and retaining a filter cake to prepare the decrystallized cellulose; (3) preparation of nonionic cellulose: taking the decrystallized cellulose, ethanol and 20% by mass of sodium hydroxide in the step (2), stirring and mixing, heating, adding 90% by mass of 2-chloroethanol, etherifying, adding 20% by mass of sodium hydroxide and 10% by mass of 2-chloroethanol, stirring and mixing, and continuing to etherify to prepare a nonionic cellulose solution; (4) preparing mixed cellulose: and (3) adding 60% by mass of sodium hydroxide in the formula into the non-ionic cellulose solution obtained in the step (3), stirring and mixing to obtain a mixed solution, carrying out constant-temperature treatment for 1-2 hours, adding sodium chloroacetate into the mixed solution, stirring and mixing, and continuing constant-temperature treatment to obtain the modified cellulose.
By adopting the technical scheme, the ether group is introduced on the molecular chain of the cellulose, so that the hydrophilicity of the cellulose is improved, the cellulose can be dissolved in water, and the dispersion effect of the admixture in concrete is further improved. The modified cellulose is provided with carboxyethyl and carboxymethyl at the same time, so that the cellulose not only adsorbs and connects the base material in the concrete, but also is crosslinked with polypropylene fibers to form a crosslinked network structure, and the connecting effect of the admixture on the concrete base material is enhanced.
Meanwhile, the modified cellulose is in Al while the concrete undergoes a gelation reaction3+Under the excitation of (2), the gelation reaction is synchronously generated, and the anti-cracking effect of the concrete is further enhanced.
In addition, the modified cellulose has a certain affinity absorption effect on water, and is further converted into water-saturated cellulose, so that the flowing viscosity of concrete is improved, the dispersion effect of the admixture in the concrete is improved, the humidity of the concrete can be guaranteed in the concrete curing process, the concrete is subjected to internal curing, and the possibility of cracking of the concrete due to curing is further reduced.
Preferably, the temperature raising temperature of the temperature raising treatment in the step (2) is 60-70 ℃, and the constant temperature of the constant temperature treatment in the step (4) is 20-40 ℃.
By adopting the technical scheme, heat is continuously released in the cellulose modification treatment process, so that the proper temperature is controlled, the substitution degree of the active groups on the cellulose can be effectively improved, the hydrophilicity of the cellulose is improved, namely, the dispersion effect of the admixture in the concrete is further enhanced, and the concrete obtains a uniform anti-cracking effect.
Preferably, the admixture further comprises a composite material with a shell-core structure, the composite material comprises a styrene-acrylic emulsion, and the mass ratio of the composite material to the mixed material is 1:2-5
By adopting the technical scheme, the styrene-acrylic emulsion with the shell-core structure is used as the admixture, and the dispersibility of the styrene-acrylic emulsion in concrete is better, so that after the styrene-acrylic emulsion and the mixed material are mixed, the mixed material can be coated by the styrene-acrylic emulsion, the dispersion effect of the admixture in the concrete is further improved, the combination effect between the admixture and the concrete base material is improved, and the anti-cracking effect of the concrete is further improved.
In addition, due to the addition of the styrene-acrylic emulsion, the compatibility between the admixture and the concrete base material is improved, the bonding effect between the admixture and the concrete base material is further improved, and the anti-cracking effect of the concrete is effectively enhanced.
Preferably, the styrene-acrylic emulsion is prepared by adopting the following scheme: (1) respectively weighing 1-2 parts of azobisisobutyronitrile, 10-20 parts of acrylic acid, 10-20 parts of butyl acrylate, 10-20 parts of styrene, 1-2 parts of triethylamine, 10-15 parts of acetone, 10-15 parts of N-methylpyrrolidone, 5-10 parts of ethyl acetate and 3-5 parts of hydrophilic emulsifier; (2) taking 50% by mass of acetone, N-methyl pyrrolidone, acrylic acid and butyl acrylate, stirring and mixing, adding 20% by mass of azobisisobutyronitrile, continuously stirring and mixing to obtain a mixed solution, adding 50% by mass of acrylic acid, butyl acrylate, 40% by mass of azobisisobutyronitrile and all hydrophilic emulsifiers into the mixed solution, continuously stirring and mixing, continuously reacting, cooling to room temperature to obtain a reaction solution, adding styrene, triethylamine and 20% by mass of azobisisobutyronitrile into the reaction solution, stirring and mixing, adding water, and dispersing to obtain a dispersion solution; (3) taking half mass of N-methyl pyrrolidone and 20 mass percent of azodiisobutyronitrile, stirring and mixing to obtain an intermediate solution, dripping the intermediate solution into the dispersion liquid at the speed of 30-50 drops/min, continuously stirring and reacting for 2-4h, cooling and discharging, and removing the solvent to obtain the styrene-acrylic emulsion with the core-shell structure.
By adopting the technical scheme, the styrene monomer is coated in the shells of acrylic acid and butyl acrylate through the core-shell structure of the styrene-acrylic emulsion, and then the styrene-acrylic emulsion coats the mixed material, part of the styrene-acrylic emulsion is transferred to the surface of concrete, and in the process of transferring to the surface of the concrete, the styrene-acrylic emulsion gradually undergoes self-crosslinking, so that a film structure is formed on the surface of the concrete, the concrete substrate is drawn, and the anti-cracking effect of the concrete is further enhanced.
Preferably, the composite material further comprises epoxy resin microcapsules, and the mass ratio of the epoxy resin microcapsules to the styrene-acrylic emulsion is 1: 1-5.
By adopting the technical scheme, the epoxy resin microcapsule and the styrene-acrylic emulsion are compounded to be used as the composite material, so that after the composite material is mixed with the mixed material, the epoxy resin microcapsule can be loaded on the mixed material under the connection of the styrene-acrylic emulsion, and the mixed material is in a short fiber structure, and the epoxy resin microcapsule is loaded on the short fiber structure to form a divergent tree-shaped structure, thereby further improving the combination effect of the admixture and the concrete, stably connecting the admixture to the concrete base material and reducing the possibility of cracking of the concrete.
Preferably, the epoxy resin microcapsule is prepared by adopting the following scheme: (1) respectively weighing 10-20 parts of epoxy resin, 20-40 parts of melamine-urea-formaldehyde copolymer prepolymer, 3-5 parts of ethyl phenylacetate and 1-2 parts of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate; (2) stirring and mixing the epoxy resin, ethyl phenylacetate and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate to prepare a core material solution, stirring and mixing the melamine-urea-formaldehyde copolymer prepolymer and water to prepare a wall material solution, stirring and mixing the core material solution and the wall material solution to prepare a mixed solution, adjusting the pH =3-5 of the mixed solution, continuously reacting, filtering, retaining a filter cake, washing and drying to prepare the epoxy resin microcapsule.
By adopting the technical scheme, the urea-formaldehyde resin is coated outside the epoxy resin, and the urea-formaldehyde resin has a better hydrophilic effect, so that the dispersion effect of the admixture in the concrete is further improved, and the concrete obtains a more uniform anti-cracking effect. Simultaneously, after the concrete cracks, the urea-formaldehyde resin shell is broken, and then the epoxy resin flows out to fill and repair the concrete cracks, so that the cracking speed of the concrete is delayed, and the cracking prevention effect of the concrete is further improved.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a preparation method of a terrace crack-resistant colored concrete), which adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of terrace anti-cracking colored concrete comprises the following steps: s1, crushing treatment: according to the formula, taking aggregate, crushing the aggregate, and controlling the particle size to be 2-5mm to prepare aggregate particles; s2, pre-dispersing: mixing the admixture and water in the formula at 800r/min under stirring for 10-20min to obtain a pre-dispersion liquid; s3, preparing concrete: according to the formula, aggregate particles, pre-dispersion liquid, cement, pigment and filler and water are taken, stirred and mixed to prepare the concrete.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, carry out the breakage earlier with the aggregate, improve the mix effect between aggregate and the concrete substrate. And the admixture is mixed with water for pre-dispersion, so that the admixture is fully dispersed in the water, and the pre-dispersion liquid is mixed with other base materials of the concrete, thereby effectively improving the dispersion effect of the admixture in the concrete and enabling the concrete to obtain a relatively uniform anti-cracking effect.
In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
1. because this application adopts the cellulose of short fiber structure and the polypropylene coarse fibre of short fiber structure as the admixture, because the cellulose of short fiber structure and polypropylene coarse fibre are difficult for taking place to tangle, reunite, and then improved the dispersion effect of admixture in the concrete, the cellulose is network structure for the polypropylene coarse fibre can interpenetrate with the cellulose network structure, form the network structure that diverges, improved the combination effect between admixture and the concrete substrate, obtained even and stable anti-cracking effect.
2. The styrene-acrylic emulsion and the epoxy resin microcapsule with the shell-core structure are preferably adopted as composite materials, and the styrene-acrylic emulsion has good cohesiveness and film forming effect, so that the epoxy resin microcapsule is loaded on the mixed material under the connection of the styrene-acrylic emulsion, a divergent structure is connected on a short fiber structure, the connection effect of the admixture on a concrete base material is improved, and meanwhile, when the concrete cracks, the capsule wall of the epoxy resin microcapsule is broken, the epoxy resin outflows to repair the crack, and the cracking speed of the concrete is delayed; meanwhile, the styrene-acrylic emulsion can be displaced to the surface of the concrete to form a film structure, so that the anti-cracking effect of the concrete is further enhanced, and the concrete obtains a better anti-cracking effect.
3. According to the method, the aggregate is firstly crushed, the compatibility between the aggregate and the concrete base material is improved, the anti-cracking effect of the concrete is improved, meanwhile, the admixture is firstly mixed with water for pre-dispersion, then the pre-dispersion liquid is mixed with the concrete base material, the dispersing effect of the admixture in the concrete is improved, and therefore the concrete obtains a relatively uniform anti-cracking effect.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
In the embodiment of the present application, the selected apparatuses are as follows, but not limited thereto:
the instrument comprises the following steps: JFS-550 disperser of Fushan south-north tide electronic commerce, Inc., RXH type oven of Nanjing Luwang drying equipment, Inc.
Medicine preparation: SH-phenylpropyl emulsion of Jining Sanshi Biotechnology, Inc., polypropylene fiber with a product number of 54121 from Shandong Haosen New Material, Inc., OP-10 type hydrophilic emulsifier from Jinnan Tao chemical, Inc., and lithopone B-311 type from Hebei Tupeng chemical, Inc.
Preparation example
Examples of preparation of Mixed Material
Preparation examples 1 to 3
Respectively weighing cellulose and polypropylene crude fibers, wherein the specific mass is shown in Table 1, and after the cellulose and the polypropylene crude fibers are mixed, controlling the length of the cellulose and the polypropylene crude fibers to be 8mm to prepare the mixed material 1-3.
TABLE 1 Components of the mixtures of preparation examples 1 to 3
Preparation example of core-shell styrene-acrylic emulsion
Preparation examples 4 to 6
Azodiisobutyronitrile, acrylic acid, butyl acrylate, styrene, triethylamine, acetone, N-methylpyrrolidone, ethyl acetate and a hydrophilic emulsifier are respectively weighed, and the specific mass is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 preparation examples 4-6 core-shell structured styrene-acrylic emulsion components
Adding 50 mass percent of acetone, N-methyl pyrrolidone, acrylic acid and butyl acrylate into a four-neck flask provided with a thermometer, a stirrer and a condensation reflux device, starting stirring, heating to 50 ℃, adding 20 mass percent of azobisisobutyronitrile into the four-neck flask, and continuously heating to 75 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution. Adding a mixture of 50 mass percent of acrylic acid, butyl acrylate, 40 mass percent of azobisisobutyronitrile and all hydrophilic emulsifiers into the mixed solution, dripping the mixture into the mixed solution at a speed of 50 drops/min, preserving heat for 30min, gradually heating to 85 ℃, preserving heat for 2.5h, cooling to 30 ℃, adding styrene, triethylamine and 20 mass percent of azobisisobutyronitrile into the reaction solution, stirring and mixing, adding water, and dispersing to obtain a dispersion solution.
Taking 50% by mass of N-methyl pyrrolidone and 20% by mass of azobisisobutyronitrile, stirring and mixing to obtain an intermediate solution. Adding the dispersion into a four-neck flask provided with a thermometer, a stirrer and a condensation reflux device, heating to 78 ℃ in the stirring and mixing process, and preserving heat for 1 h. And dropwise adding the intermediate solution into a four-neck flask at the speed of 40 drops/min, continuously heating to 85 ℃, preserving the temperature for 3 hours, cooling to room temperature, and removing the solvent to obtain the styrene-acrylic emulsion 1-3 with the shell-core structure.
Preparation of epoxy resin microcapsules
Preparation examples 7 to 9
Epoxy resin, melamine-urea-formaldehyde copolymer prepolymer, ethyl phenylacetate and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate were weighed respectively, and the specific masses are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 PREPARATION EXAMPLES 7-9 EPOXY RESIN MICROCAPSULE COMPONENTS
Taking epoxy resin, ethyl phenylacetate and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, stirring and mixing at 1000r/min to prepare a core material solution. Taking water and the melamine-urea-formaldehyde copolymer prepolymer, stirring and mixing at 2000r/min to prepare a wall material solution. Taking a core material solution and a wall material solution, stirring and mixing at a stirring speed of 2500r/min to prepare a mixed solution, adding hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 10% into the mixed solution, adjusting the pH =4 of the mixed solution, continuously reacting for 2h, filtering, retaining a filter cake, sequentially washing with ethanol and deionized water until the washing liquid is neutral, and drying at 45 ℃ to prepare the epoxy resin microcapsule 1-3.
Examples of preparation of admixtures
Preparation examples 10 to 12
Taking the mixed materials 1-3 as the admixtures 1-3 respectively.
Preparation examples 13 to 15
Taking 1-3 parts of styrene-acrylic emulsion as the composite material 1-3 parts.
Examples
Examples 1 to 4
Aggregate, cement, water, pigment and filler, admixture 1 and water reducing agent are respectively weighed, and the specific mass is shown in Table 4.
Table 4 examples 1-3 concrete compositions
Taking aggregate according to the formula, putting the aggregate into a crusher, crushing to prepare aggregate particles, and controlling the particle size of the aggregate particles to be 5 mm.
Taking the admixture 1 and water in the formula, stirring and mixing at 600r/min, and continuously dispersing for 15min to obtain a pre-dispersion liquid.
And stirring and mixing the pre-dispersion liquid, the aggregate particles, the cement, the aggregate particles, the pigment and filler, the water and the water reducing agent to prepare the concrete 1-4.
Examples 5 to 6
The difference from example 2 is that: concrete 5-6 was prepared by selecting admixture 2-3 instead of admixture 1 in example 2, and the other preparation conditions and preparation environment were the same as in example 2.
Examples 7 to 9
The difference from example 5 is that: the cellulose in the admixture 2 is modified cellulose, and the modification treatment comprises the following steps:
respectively weighing the following substances in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of sodium hydroxide aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 20%, 2.5-5 parts of sodium hydroxide, 5-10 parts of 2-chloroethanol, 50-100 parts of ethanol and 3-5 parts of sodium chloroacetate, wherein the specific mass is shown in Table 5.
TABLE 5 compositions of modifying solutions in examples 7-9
And (3) stirring and mixing the cellulose and the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, performing suction filtration, and reserving a filter cake to prepare the decrystallized cellulose. Canceling crystal cellulose, ethanol and 20% sodium hydroxide by mass, stirring and mixing, heating to 60 ℃, adding 90% sodium hydroxide by mass and 10% 2-chloroethanol by mass, stirring and mixing, continuing etherification treatment, and continuously reacting for 2 hours to obtain the nonionic cellulose solution. Adding 60% by mass of sodium hydroxide into a non-ionic cellulose solution, stirring and mixing to prepare a mixed solution, carrying out constant temperature treatment at 20 ℃ for 2 hours, adding sodium chloroacetate into the mixed solution, stirring and mixing, and continuously carrying out constant temperature treatment at 20 ℃ to prepare modified cellulose 1-3, preparing mixed materials 4-6, and preparing concrete 7-9, wherein the rest preparation conditions and preparation environments are the same as those in example 5.
Example 10
The difference from example 8 is that: the temperature of the temperature raising treatment was 65 ℃ and the temperature of the constant temperature treatment was 30 ℃, and concrete 10 was produced under the same conditions and the same production environment as those in example 8.
Example 11
The difference from example 8 is that: the temperature of the temperature raising treatment was 70 ℃ and the temperature of the constant temperature treatment was 40 ℃, and concrete 11 was produced under the same conditions and the same production environment as those in example 8.
Examples 12 to 14
The difference from example 10 is that: taking the mixed material 2 and the composite material 1, wherein the specific mass is shown in Table 6, mixing the mixed material with the styrene-acrylic emulsion 1 to prepare admixture 4-6 to replace the admixture 2 in the example 10 to prepare concrete 12-14, and the rest of the preparation conditions and the preparation environment are the same as those in the example 10.
TABLE 6 compositions of admixtures in examples 12-14
Examples 15 to 16
The difference from example 12 is that: concrete 15 to 16 was prepared using the composite materials 2 to 3 in place of the composite material 1 in example 12, and the other preparation conditions and preparation environments were the same as those in example 12.
Examples 17 to 19
The difference from example 15 is that: specific mass of the epoxy resin microcapsule 1 and the styrene-acrylic emulsion 2 is shown in table 7, the epoxy resin microcapsule 1 and the styrene-acrylic emulsion 2 are mixed to prepare composite materials 4-6 to replace the composite material 2 in the example 15, and concrete 17-19 is prepared, and other preparation conditions and preparation environment are the same as those in the example 15.
TABLE 7 composite compositions of examples 17-19
Examples 20 to 21
The difference from example 18 is that: epoxy resin microcapsules 2 to 3 were mixed with styrene-acrylic emulsion 2 to prepare composite materials 7 to 8 in place of composite material 5 in example 18 to prepare concrete 20 to 21, and the other preparation conditions and preparation environments were the same as those in example 18.
Performance test
Preparing the anti-crack concrete sample according to the Standard Specification of the test method for the mechanical properties of GB/T50081-2002 common concrete.
(1) And (3) testing the crack resistance: a flat test mold of 600mm by 400mm by 100mm was prepared, with the restraint provided by a curved wave-shaped stress restraint bar. Coating the concrete in a test mould, vibrating for 1min, smoothing the surface, moving into an observation room with the temperature of 24-26 ℃ and the relative humidity of 60-70%, placing the test mould, blowing the surface by using an electric fan with the wind speed of 8m/s for 24h continuously. During the period, the cracking time is observed and recorded, and the cracking grade is evaluated;
(2) and (3) detecting the compression resistance: placing the sample under a press, uniformly and continuously applying a load to the sample, controlling the loading speed to be 0.08MPa/s until the sample is damaged, and recording the strength of the load;
(3) and (3) detecting the breaking strength: and (3) detecting the concrete sample by adopting an anti-bending machine, placing the sample on the anti-bending machine, taking the position 50mm away from two end surfaces as a support point of the sample, taking three points of the sample as loading points, uniformly and continuously applying load to the sample, controlling the loading speed to be 0.08MPa/s until the sample is damaged, and recording the load strength.
Table 8 examples 1-21 performance testing
Comparative example
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 20 is that: a concrete 22 was prepared by using a polypropylene fiber as a mixed material 7 in place of the mixed material 5 in example 20, and the preparation conditions and the preparation environment were the same as those in example 20.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 20 is that: concrete 23 was prepared by using a commercially available styrene-acrylic emulsion to prepare composite 9 in place of composite 7 in example 20, and the preparation conditions and conditions were the same as in example 20.
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 20 is that: a concrete 24 was prepared by using only the epoxy resin microcapsules as a composite material 10 instead of the composite material 7 in example 20, and the remaining preparation environment and preparation conditions were the same as those in example 20.
Performance test
Preparing the anti-crack concrete sample according to the Standard Specification of the test method for the mechanical properties of GB/T50081-2002 common concrete.
(1) And (3) testing the crack resistance: a flat test mold of 600mm by 400mm by 100mm was prepared, with the restraint provided by a curved wave-shaped stress restraint bar. Coating the concrete in a test mould, vibrating for 1min, smoothing the surface, moving into an observation room with the temperature of 24-26 ℃ and the relative humidity of 60-70%, placing the test mould, blowing the surface by using an electric fan with the wind speed of 8m/s for 24h continuously. During the period, the cracking time is observed and recorded, and the cracking grade is evaluated;
(2) and (3) detecting the compression resistance: placing the sample under a press, uniformly and continuously applying a load to the sample, controlling the loading speed to be 0.08MPa/s until the sample is damaged, and recording the strength of the load;
(3) and (3) detecting the breaking strength: and (3) detecting the concrete sample by adopting an anti-bending machine, placing the sample on the anti-bending machine, taking the position 50mm away from two end surfaces as a support point of the sample, taking three points of the sample as loading points, uniformly and continuously applying load to the sample, controlling the loading speed to be 0.08MPa/s until the sample is damaged, and recording the load strength.
TABLE 9 comparative examples 1-3 Performance test
Comparing the performance tests in table 8 and table 9, it can be found that:
(1) a comparison of examples 1-3, 4, 5-6 and comparative example 1 shows that: the concrete prepared in the embodiments 1 to 3 and 5 to 6 has improved crack resistance and compressive strength, which shows that the application adopts cellulose with a short fiber structure and polypropylene coarse fiber as admixture to be added into the concrete, and the admixture is not easy to tangle through the structure of the short fiber, so that the dispersion effect of the admixture in the concrete is improved, and further the admixture can uniformly draw a base material in the concrete, and the anti-cracking effect of the concrete is improved.
Meanwhile, as the cellulose is of a net-shaped structure, after the polypropylene crude fiber is mixed with the cellulose, the polypropylene crude fiber can be inserted into the cellulose net-shaped structure to form a divergent net-shaped structure, so that the connection effect between the admixture and the concrete base material is improved, and the color concrete obtains a relatively uniform and stable anti-cracking effect. As is apparent from tables 8 and 9, the concrete obtained in example 2 and example 5 is the most excellent in crack resistance and compressive strength, and it is shown that the concrete in example 2 has a suitable ratio of the respective components and the concrete in example 5 has a suitable ratio of the components of the mixed material.
(2) A comparison with examples 7 to 9 shows that: the anti-cracking effect and the compressive strength of the concrete prepared in examples 7 to 9 are significantly improved, which shows that the cellulose is modified, and the cellulose is etherified, so that the hydrophilicity of the cellulose is enhanced, the dispersion effect of the cellulose in the concrete is further improved, and the surface activity of the cellulose is improved, so that the cellulose and the polypropylene coarse fibers can be crosslinked, the connection effect between the admixture and the concrete substrate is further improved, that is, the admixture stably pulls the concrete substrate, and the possibility of cracking of the concrete is reduced. As can be seen from table 8, the concrete obtained in example 8 has the best cracking resistance and compressive strength, which indicates that the material ratio used in the etherification treatment is suitable at this time.
(3) Comparison with examples 10 to 11 shows that: the concrete prepared in the embodiments 10 to 11 has improved crack resistance and compressive strength, which indicates that the temperature rise treatment is adopted in the modification treatment, and the temperature of the temperature rise treatment is adjusted to make the substitution degree of ether groups for cellulose suitable, effectively improve the hydrophilicity and surface activity of the cellulose, and simultaneously make the cellulose absorb water, so that the humidity inside the concrete is maintained in the concrete curing process, the concrete is cured inside, and the possibility of concrete cracking is further reduced. As is apparent from Table 8, the concrete obtained in example 10 is excellent in the crack resistance and compressive strength, and the temperature of the temperature raising treatment is preferably set at this time.
(4) A comparison of examples 12 to 14, examples 15 to 16 and comparative example 2 shows that: the anti-cracking effect and the compressive strength of the concrete prepared in the examples 12 to 14 and 15 to 16 are significantly improved, which shows that the styrene-acrylic emulsion with the core-shell structure and the mixed material are compounded to serve as the admixture, and the styrene-acrylic emulsion with the core-shell structure is coated outside the mixed material, so that on one hand, the bonding effect between the mixed material and the base material is enhanced, on the other hand, the caking property of the admixture is improved, and the bonding strength between the admixture and the concrete base material is synergistically improved. Meanwhile, the styrene-acrylic emulsion has a good film forming effect, so that the styrene-acrylic emulsion with the shell-core structure is transferred to the surface of the concrete in the process of curing the concrete to form a film structure, the concrete base materials are further connected, and meanwhile, in the transfer process, the generation of hydrated gel is promoted, the combination effect between the concrete base materials is further enhanced, and the anti-cracking effect of the concrete is improved. As can be seen from tables 8 and 9, the concrete obtained in example 12 and example 15 is excellent in crack resistance and compressive strength, and it is shown that the ratio of the mixed material to the composite material is appropriate in example 12 and the ratio of the components in the styrene-acrylic emulsion is appropriate in example 15.
(5) A comparison of examples 17 to 19, examples 20 to 21 and comparative example 3 shows that: the anti-cracking effect and the compressive strength of the concrete prepared in the embodiments 17 to 19 and 20 to 21 are significantly improved, which indicates that the composite material is prepared by compounding the epoxy resin microcapsule and the styrene-acrylic emulsion, the epoxy resin microcapsule is loaded on the mixed material through the connection of the styrene-acrylic emulsion, and the dispersion effect of the admixture in the concrete is further improved because the wall material of the epoxy resin microcapsule has better hydrophilicity, so that the admixture stably pulls the concrete substrate. When the concrete cracks, the capsule wall of the epoxy resin microcapsule is broken, the epoxy resin flows outwards, the concrete crack is repaired, the cracking speed of the concrete is delayed, and the cracking prevention effect of the concrete is further enhanced. As can be seen from tables 8 and 9, the concrete obtained in examples 18 and 20 has better crack resistance and compressive strength, and the ratio of the components in the composite material in example 18 is more suitable, and the ratio of the components in the epoxy resin microcapsule in example 20 is more suitable.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present application, and it is not limited to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. The colored concrete for preventing the floor from cracking is characterized by comprising the following substances in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of aggregate, 40-60 parts of cement, 20-30 parts of water, 3-5 parts of pigment and filler, 10-20 parts of admixture and 1-3 parts of water reducing agent, wherein the admixture is a mixed material with a short fiber structure, the mixed material comprises cellulose and polypropylene crude fiber, and the mass ratio of the cellulose to the polypropylene crude fiber is 1: 0.5-2, and the length of the mixed material is 5-15 mm.
2. The colored concrete for preventing terrace cracking according to claim 1, wherein the cellulose is modified cellulose, and the modification treatment comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively weighing the following substances in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, 2.5-5 parts of sodium hydroxide, 5-10 parts of 2-chloroethanol, 50-100 parts of ethanol and 3-5 parts of sodium chloroacetate;
(2) crystal elimination treatment: taking the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution and the cellulose in the step (1), stirring and mixing, carrying out suction filtration, and retaining a filter cake to prepare the decrystallized cellulose;
(3) preparation of nonionic cellulose: taking the decrystallized cellulose, ethanol and 20% by mass of sodium hydroxide in the step (2), stirring and mixing, heating, adding 90% by mass of 2-chloroethanol, etherifying, adding 20% by mass of sodium hydroxide and 10% by mass of 2-chloroethanol, stirring and mixing, and continuing to etherify to prepare a nonionic cellulose solution;
(4) preparing mixed cellulose: and (3) adding 60% by mass of sodium hydroxide in the formula into the non-ionic cellulose solution obtained in the step (3), stirring and mixing to obtain a mixed solution, carrying out constant-temperature treatment for 1-2 hours, adding sodium chloroacetate into the mixed solution, stirring and mixing, and continuing constant-temperature treatment to obtain the modified cellulose.
3. The colored concrete for preventing the terrace from cracking as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the temperature rise temperature of the temperature rise treatment in the step (2) is 60-70 ℃, and the constant temperature of the constant temperature treatment in the step (4) is 20-40 ℃.
4. The colored concrete for preventing the terrace from cracking in the claim 1, which is characterized in that: the admixture further comprises a composite material with a shell-core structure, the composite material comprises a styrene-acrylic emulsion, and the mass ratio of the composite material to the mixed material is 1: 2-5.
5. The colored concrete for preventing terrace cracking according to claim 4, wherein: the styrene-acrylic emulsion is prepared by adopting the following scheme:
(1) respectively weighing 1-2 parts of azobisisobutyronitrile, 10-20 parts of acrylic acid, 10-20 parts of butyl acrylate, 10-20 parts of styrene, 1-2 parts of triethylamine, 10-15 parts of acetone, 10-15 parts of N-methylpyrrolidone, 5-10 parts of ethyl acetate and 3-5 parts of hydrophilic emulsifier;
(2) taking 50% by mass of acetone, N-methyl pyrrolidone, acrylic acid and butyl acrylate, stirring and mixing, adding 20% by mass of azobisisobutyronitrile, continuously stirring and mixing to obtain a mixed solution, adding 50% by mass of acrylic acid, butyl acrylate, 40% by mass of azobisisobutyronitrile and all hydrophilic emulsifiers into the mixed solution, continuously stirring and mixing, continuously reacting, cooling to room temperature to obtain a reaction solution, adding styrene, triethylamine and 20% by mass of azobisisobutyronitrile into the reaction solution, stirring and mixing, adding water, and dispersing to obtain a dispersion solution;
(3) taking half mass of N-methyl pyrrolidone and 20 mass percent of azodiisobutyronitrile, stirring and mixing to obtain an intermediate solution, dripping the intermediate solution into the dispersion liquid at the speed of 30-50 drops/min, continuously stirring and reacting for 2-4h, cooling and discharging, and removing the solvent to obtain the styrene-acrylic emulsion with the core-shell structure.
6. The colored concrete for preventing terrace cracking according to claim 4, wherein: the composite material also comprises an epoxy resin microcapsule, and the mass ratio of the epoxy resin microcapsule to the styrene-acrylic emulsion is 1: 1-5.
7. The colored concrete for preventing terrace cracking according to claim 6, wherein: the epoxy resin microcapsule is prepared by adopting the following scheme:
(1) respectively weighing 10-20 parts of epoxy resin, 20-40 parts of melamine-urea-formaldehyde copolymer prepolymer, 3-5 parts of ethyl phenylacetate and 1-2 parts of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate;
(2) stirring and mixing the epoxy resin, ethyl phenylacetate and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate to prepare a core material solution, stirring and mixing the melamine-urea-formaldehyde copolymer prepolymer and water to prepare a wall material solution, stirring and mixing the core material solution and the wall material solution to prepare a mixed solution, adjusting the pH =3-5 of the mixed solution, continuously reacting, filtering, retaining a filter cake, washing and drying to prepare the epoxy resin microcapsule.
8. The method for preparing the colored concrete for preventing the terrace from cracking in any one of claims 1 to 7, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, crushing treatment: according to the formula, taking aggregate, crushing the aggregate, and controlling the particle size to be 2-5mm to prepare aggregate particles;
s2, pre-dispersing: mixing the admixture and water in the formula at 800r/min under stirring for 10-20min to obtain a pre-dispersion liquid;
s3, preparing concrete: according to the formula, aggregate particles, pre-dispersion liquid, cement, pigment and filler, water reducer and water are taken, stirred and mixed to prepare the concrete.
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