CN113616925B - 基于左束支区域起搏融合的双腔动态融合起搏系统及方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种基于左束支区域起搏融合的双腔动态融合起搏系统,包括双腔起搏脉冲发生器,和作用于左束支区域的起搏电极,该系统与所述脉冲发生器以及起搏电极相电性连接,用于采集心率的感知程序和测定程序,通过程序执行预定规则程序以实现心脏再同步治疗慢性心衰,实现生理性起搏,一定程度降低起搏器对心脏结构及心功能影响,降低慢性心衰器械治疗费用。本发明能代替目前的三腔CRT‑P系统,对减少患者及医保的经济负担,节约有限的医疗资源。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物医学信号处理领域,特别是涉及基于左束支区域起搏融合的双腔动态融合起搏系统及方法。
背景技术
现有的三腔起搏系统应用短而固定的房室延迟(AVD),废弃了房室结生理性AVD功能,过短的AVD可导致二尖瓣和三尖瓣返流、减少心排出量、恶化血流动力学,且右室起搏非生理性,激动经心肌缓慢非均匀逆希-浦系传导,有违于激动传导的生理性,可导致心室结构及功能的损害;植入左室电极增加了患者及术者暴露在X射线下的时间及手术难度;三腔起搏系统要求100%双室起搏,较为耗电,电池寿命较双腔起搏系统短,且其价格超过双腔起搏系统的2倍以上,显著增加治疗CHF的费用,尤其在经济欠发达地区,很多患者常因经济原因不得不放弃治疗。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种基于左束支区域起搏融合的双腔动态融合起搏系统及方法,以实现心脏再同步治疗慢性心衰,实现生理性起搏,一定程度降低起搏器对心脏结构及心功能影响,降低慢性心衰器械治疗费用,提高抗心衰治疗反应性。
本发明的技术方案是:
第一方面,本发明提供了基于左束支区域起搏融合的双腔动态融合起搏系统,包括双腔起搏的脉冲发生器,和作用于左束支区域的起搏电极,该系统与所述脉冲发生器以及起搏电极相电性连接,用于采集心率的感知程序和测定程序。
第二方面,本发明还提供了基于左束支区域起搏融合的双腔动态融合起搏系统的工作方法,包括如下具体步骤为:
S101:系统默认设置:
先基于右房(n-1)-右房(n)[RA(n-1)-RA(n)]间期优化起搏系统AVI,n≥2,心房通道感知(AS)间期测定程序测定第n-1个心搏RA(n-1)至第n个心搏RA(n)的间期RA(n-1)-RA(n)间期;
S102:程序自动基于RA(n-1)-RA(n)间期计算AVIε1(n):AVIε1(n)=RA(n-1)-RA(n)间期×ε1,其中ε1在系统植入后个体化优化后设置;即个体化ε1=优化AVI/优化时RA(n-1)-RA(n)间期;以0.01为一档滴定;
S103:心室通道感知程序自动检测心室感知VS;
S104:如无VS,则返回S101;
S105:如有VS,进入S106;
S106:测定RA-VS间期;
S107:启动RA-VS间期推导AVIε2(n)程序:AVIε2(n)=RA-VS间期×ε2,ε2为个体化优化设置;即个体化ε2=优化AVI/优化时RA-VS间期;以0.1为一档滴定;
S108:测定RA-RA间期;
S109:若RA-RA间期发生变化,计算AVIε1;
S110:如AVIε1<AVIε2,则返回S102;
S111:如AVIε2<AVIε1则返回S107。
本发明提供了一种计算机存储介质,其上存储有计算机程序,该程序被处理器执行时实现第二方面所述方法的步骤。
与现有技术的有益效果是
该系统能代替目前的三腔CRT-P系统,对减少患者及医保的经济负担,节约有限的医疗资源。
附图说明
图1为双腔动态融合起搏系统房室间期优化算法流程图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明的具体实施方式进行描述,以便更好的理解本发明。
在右房、右室双腔起搏系统基础上增加左室起搏电极的三腔起搏系统用于心脏再同步化治疗(CRT)慢性充血性心力衰竭(CHF),为保证双室夺获,设置短而固定的房室间期(AVI),废弃了房室结生理性房室延迟(AVD)功能,过短的AVI可导致二尖瓣和三尖瓣返流、减少心排出量、恶化血液动力学,且右室起搏非生理性,激动经心肌缓慢非均匀逆希-浦系传导,有违于激动传导的生理性,且右室电极植入干扰了三尖瓣的闭合而发生三尖瓣反流,可因此导致心室结构及功能的损害心功能恶化。而且植入左室电极增加了患者及术者暴露在X射线下的时间及手术难度,如果双室再同步带来的获益不能抵消这些损害,将可能导致抗心衰治疗无应答。最后,三腔起搏系统要求100%双室起搏,较为耗电,电池寿命较双腔起搏系统短,且其价格超过双腔起搏系统的2倍以上,显著增加治疗CHF的费用,尤其在经济欠发达的国家及地区,很多患者常因经济原因不得不放弃治疗。进来新发展的左束支区域起搏,可通过在阻滞部位之下起搏左束支生理性激动左心室实现抗心衰治疗,但仍然应用三腔起搏系统,不能克服以上局限性。
然而,这些患者的房室结及右侧希-浦系统传导通常正常,右室可以右自身下传激动而无需起搏,提示应用双腔起搏系统单左室起搏与从右侧希-浦系统下传的自身激动融合即可实现抗心衰治疗。因此,研发一种基于左束支区域起搏自动优化AVI融合自身激动治疗CHF的双腔动态融合起搏系统,对减少患者及医保的经济负担,节约有限的医疗资源及向经济欠发达的发展中国家推广具有重要意义。
目前在传统右房、右室双腔起搏基础上增加左室起搏的三腔起搏系统进行心脏再同步化治疗(CRT)已取得确切疗效,但为保证双室夺获,其设置短而固定的房室延迟(AVD),废弃了房室结生理性AVD功能,过短的AVD可导致二尖瓣和三尖瓣返流、减少心排出量、恶化血流动力学,且右室起搏非生理性,激动经心肌缓慢非均匀逆希-浦系传导,有违于激动传导的生理性,可导致心室结构及功能的损害,目前仍有约30%的患者对CRT无应答。进来新发展的左束支区域起搏,可通过在阻滞部位之下起搏左束支生理性激动左心室实现抗心衰治疗,但仍然应用于三腔起搏系统。
实施例1
参阅图1所示,本实施例提供了基于左束支区域起搏融合的双腔动态融合起搏系统的工作方法,
系统植入后默认优先运行算法1,本实施例以系统植入程序启动,n=2,RA1-RA2间期=750ms,ε1默认值为0.13,ε2默认为0.8为例。
S101:系统默认先基于右房(n-1)-右房(n)[RA(n-1)-RA(n)]间期优化起搏系统AVI,心房通道感知间期测定程序测定相邻两个心跳的RA1-RA2间期=750ms(相当于心率80bpm);
S102:程序自动基于RA1-RA2间期计算AVIε1(2):
AVIε1(2)=RA1-RA2间期×ε1=750ms×0.13≈100ms,其中ε1默认值为0.13,以0.01为一档,也可在系统植入后个体化优化后设置;如在心脏超声下进行优化,以默认值0.13为基线,每0.01一档双向滴定ε1,至主动脉瓣血流速度时间积分及左室射血分数最大,二尖瓣反流面积最小时的ε为优化的ε1,程控入起搏系统;
S103:心室通道感知程序自动检测心室感知VS;
S104:如无VS,返回S101继续运行;
S105:如发生VS,进入S106;
S106:测定RA-VS间期为95ms;
S107:启动RA-VS间期推导AVIε2(n)程序:AVIε2(n)=RA-VS间期×ε2=95ms×0.8≈80ms,(ε2默认为0.8),ε2也可个体化优化设置(S107),如在心脏超声下进行优化,以默认值0.8为基线,每0.1一档双向滴定ε2,至主动脉瓣血流速度时间积分及左室射血分数(LVEF值)最大,二尖瓣反流面积最小时的ε为优化的ε2,程控入起搏系统;
S108:测定RA-RA间期;
S109:计算AVIε1;;
S110:如AVIε1<AVIε2,则返回S102;
S111:如AVIε2<AVIε1则返回S107。
实施例2
右房(n-1)-右房(n)[RA(n-1)-RA(n)]间期优化起搏系统房室间期(AVI)的算法(n≥2);其中,本算法中的AVI为感知AVI(SAV),如起搏AVI(PAV)则加感知补偿30ms,即:PAV=SAV+30ms。
基于右心房(n-1)-左室(n-1)[RA(n-1)-LV(n-1)]间期优化起搏系统AVI。
默认先进行实施例1再进行实施例2,能检测到VS从而进行实施例2;通过比较实施例1及实施例2的AVI值,取短的为优先。
实施例1为基础,系统可根据每2跳之间的间期自动计算最佳的AVI,当患者因交感兴奋、运动等情况心率变快时算法1不能满足最佳AVI1,此时需通过算法2作为保障系统自动算出最佳AVI2,通过比较后系统自动选择较短AVI,从而实现本系统自动优化工作。
以上所述是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (1)
1.基于左束支区域起搏融合的双腔动态融合起搏系统,包括双腔起搏脉冲发生器,和作用于左束支区域的起搏电极,
该系统与所述脉冲发生器以及起搏电极相电性连接,所述系统包括用于采集心率的感知程序和测定程序;所述系统的工作方法,包括如下具体步骤:
S101:系统默认设置:
先基于右房(n-1)-右房(n)[RA(n-1)-RA(n)]间期优化起搏系统AVI,n≥2;心房通道感知AS间期测定程序测定第n-1个心搏RA(n-1)至第n个心搏RA(n)的间期RA(n-1)-RA(n)间期;
S102:程序自动基于RA(n-1)-RA(n)间期计算AVIε1(n):AVIε1(n)=RA(n-1)-RA(n)间期×ε1,其中ε1在系统植入后个体化优化后设置;即个体化ε1=优化AVI/优化时RA( n-1)-RA(n)间期;以0.01为一档滴定;
S103:心室通道感知程序自动检测心室感知VS;
S104:如无VS,则返回S101;
S105:如有VS,进入S106;
S106:测定RA-VS间期;
S107:启动RA-VS间期推导AVIε2(n)程序:AVIε2(n)=RA-VS间期×ε2,ε2为个体化优化设置;即个体化ε2=优化AVI/优化时RA-VS间期;以0.1为一档滴定;
S108:测定RA-RA间期;
S109:若RA-RA间期发生变化,计算AVIε1;
S110:如AVIε1<AVIε2,则返回S102;
S111:如AVIε2<AVIε1则返回S107。
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一种自动优化实现双室再同步的双腔起搏系统;赵璐露等;《中国心脏起搏与心电生理杂志》;第32卷(第5期);摘要、第1节至第3节末尾 * |
宿燕岗等.《起搏心电图解析 第2版》.上海科学技术出版社,2019,第105-106页. * |
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