CN1136162C - Material for spraying lower tunnel of supporting well and its preparation method - Google Patents

Material for spraying lower tunnel of supporting well and its preparation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1136162C
CN1136162C CNB001228986A CN00122898A CN1136162C CN 1136162 C CN1136162 C CN 1136162C CN B001228986 A CNB001228986 A CN B001228986A CN 00122898 A CN00122898 A CN 00122898A CN 1136162 C CN1136162 C CN 1136162C
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China
Prior art keywords
coal gangue
cement
haydite
spontaneous combustion
present
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Expired - Fee Related
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CNB001228986A
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CN1281829A (en
Inventor
钟亚平
殷作如
李建民
娄玉民
裴广文
张树功
董荣泉
戚兆祥
孙金荣
梁和平
沈绵
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KAILUAN (GROUP) CO Ltd
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KAILUAN (GROUP) CO Ltd
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Priority to CNB001228986A priority Critical patent/CN1136162C/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/12—Waste materials; Refuse from quarries, mining or the like
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00034—Physico-chemical characteristics of the mixtures
    • C04B2111/00146—Sprayable or pumpable mixtures
    • C04B2111/00155—Sprayable, i.e. concrete-like, materials able to be shaped by spraying instead of by casting, e.g. gunite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00724—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 in mining operations, e.g. for backfilling; in making tunnels or galleries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a material capable of being widely used for support in a spraying mode in underground laneway projects(in coal mines, metallurgy, water conservancy, railway tunnels, etc.,) and a preparation technique thereof. The preparation technique comprises: natural porcelain granules formed by sufficiently spontaneously combusting coal gangue are used as aggregate, slaked lime used as an additive is proportionally added to the natural porcelain granules and mixed with cement and a setting accelerator, and the mixture is sprayed by a slurry spraying machine so as to support the laneway in a spraying mode. The present invention is used as a spraying protecting material in underground passages, and has the advantages of high strength, low dust concentration and low rebound degree; meanwhile, the present invention is favorable for comprehensive utilization of coal gangue; therefore, the present invention greatly reduces the environmental pollution of coal gangue and saves a large quantity of land resources.

Description

A kind of material and preparation method who is used for spraying lower tunnel of supporting well
The present invention relates to a kind of material that can be used as spraying lower tunnel of supporting well and preparation method thereof, be specially adapted to the supporting of underground passage engineerings such as colliery, metallurgy, water conservancy and railway tunnel.
Bolting and shotcreting is a kind of active support method that improves the country rock self-supporting tendency, is passing through years of researches, tests and is applying, and has now become the main supporting means in mine and underground works tunnel.And the Downhole jetting concrete construction is the important component part in the construction of anchor shotcreting.The sprayed concrete starting material that are widely used in roadway support under the coal mine at present are except that some admixtures (as accelerating chemicals), basic identical with employed material in the common construction, be cement, sand, stone or stone flour, send into shotcrete machine after they are mixed stirring by a certain percentage, utilize again pressurized air do or damp compound deliver to the nozzle place and add water after high-velocity jet to being subjected on the spray plane.Use the drawback of this material mainly to show dust and rebound degree height when constructing, reached 100mg/m respectively 3With 30%,, had a strong impact on the healthy of workman considerably beyond state-set standard; In addition, its construction cost height, from great, and quarrying destruction ecotope, the loss land resources of digging sand etc. all constitutes using the unfavorable factor of this ejection supporting material.
For fear of above-mentioned drawback, it is little to the object of the present invention is to provide a profit to have dust concentration, and springback capacity is low, and is particularly useful for the material of spraying lower tunnel of supporting well and its preparation method.
Technical solution of the present invention is: mix as aggregate with white lime to form even-grained coal gangue through processing screening back, be equipped with cement and accelerating chemicals and constitute this material.
Described coal gangue is the active spontaneous combustion haydite that has that forms after abundant spontaneous combustion is expanded, and the particle diameter of this haydite is answered≤15mm.The weight of white lime is answered≤10% spontaneous combustion haydite weight; The proportioning of spontaneous combustion haydite and cement is 2: 1-7: 1; Accelerating chemicals is the 2-6% of cement weight.
Above-mentioned materials is prepared according to the following steps:
1, by the waste dump borrow, and the water of adding＜10% coal gangue weight carries out Mechanical Crushing, screening classification then;
2, add white lime in proportion, deposited special-purpose stock ground, down-hole at least in advance in two days in abundant deliquescence;
When 3, using, the cement and the accelerating chemicals that add suitable proportion are concentrated spice, through shotcrete machine ejection supporting are realized in the tunnel then.
Advantage compared with prior art of the present invention is:
This is that the concrete of aggregate and the maximum difference of traditional sprayed concrete are with the spontaneous combustion haydite, what concrete in the past mainly used is that inert material is as its concrete aggregate, and the spontaneous combustion haydite is the active material that has that forms after coal gangue air storage, the complete spontaneous combustion, has certain gel activity.It not only plays the supporting role of aggregate in concrete, wherein a part of mineral participate in the hydration reaction of cement, play the effect of gel, help improving concrete intensity.The present invention has utilized this aggregate with activity and new mineral matter one spontaneous combustion haydite that fully the formed light weight of coal gangue, the intensity of spontaneous combustion is high as sprayed concrete just, add a certain proportion of white lime again after, make its Ca +Concentration strengthens, and more strengthened activity and promoted reaction, and the workability of its aggregate is good, viscosity is big, and proper construction technology in addition the results showed the construction cost that can reduce sprayed concrete significantly, improve the intensity that its spray is protected, springback capacity drops to below 15%, and dust concentration is reduced to 50mg/m 3Below, all reduced by 50% than original respectively, it is big fundamentally to have solved in the concrete spraying support springback capacity, two hang-ups that dust concentration is high.Simultaneously, the characteristic that draws water more by force that has because of the spontaneous combustion haydite, also, reduce labor intensity, reduce construction cost, and the safe reliability of the generation of minimizing workman occupational illness and the supporting of raising underworkings all provides favourable condition for to improve workman's labor operation environment.
Coal gangue is the gangue that is clipped between the coal seam, is the waste in the coal mining, because output is big, has taken a large amount of soils, has also polluted environment.Yet along with the expansion gradually of using underworkings concrete spraying support scope of the present invention, the requirement of its aggregate also constantly increases, and this had createed new way both for the comprehensive utilization of coal gangue, also can reduce the pollution of environment greatly and economizes the land resource.
Open Luan (group) company and developed and used novel material of the present invention, novel process since 1997.It has adopted pilling up time more than 20 years, do aggregate to the coal gangue of certain carbon content of having of outside spontaneous combustion and sulphur content more than its internal temperature height to 900 ℃ and by inside, add gauge water (be generally less than 10% of coal gangue weight and get final product), after Mechanical Crushing, sieve out≤the spontaneous combustion haydite of 15mm particle diameter, add weight ratio again and be≤10% white lime, the mine car of packing into is transported to the down-hole, is placed on special-purpose stock ground (the abundant deliquescence of time more than two days is preferably arranged).When to be used, in the spice process, add ordinary Portland cement (its ratio is the spontaneous combustion haydite and the ratio of cement is 2: 1-7: 1) and accelerating chemicals (being the 2-6% of cement weight), after shotcrete machine is realized the ejection supporting to the tunnel.
The Main physical performance of above-mentioned spontaneous combustion haydite is:
Wet unit weight 1200-1600kg/m 3, unit dry weight 1100-1500kg/m 3,
Water content 4-6%, proportion 2200-2600kg/m 3
Its main chemical is:
SiO 2 50-65％， Al 2O 3 12-25％，Fe 2O 3 5-10％，
CaO 1-2%, MgO 1-2%, Loss (loss on ignition) 4-6%.
In order to obtain better supporting effect, the spontaneous combustion haydite also can be further divided into two kinds of fine aggregate (0-5mm) and coarse aggregates (5-15mm) by particle diameter, and its grain composition preferably meets: coarse aggregate is 1 with the ratio of fine aggregate: 1.3-1: 2.0.
Be respectively when taking from the ratio of combustion haydite with cement:
3: 1,4: 1,5: 1,6: 1,7: 1; Then the pairing intensity of this material is: (Mpa)
3 days 9.5-12.5 9.0-12.0 8.5-11.0 7.5-10.0 6.5-9.0
7 days 12.5-16.0 12.0-14.0 11.0-12.5 10.0-11.5 9.0-10.0
28 days 21.5-28.5 20.5-26.5 18.5-24.5 17.5-23.0 15.5-20.0
Above data show that this strength of materials is to satisfy or be higher than design specifications to require.Moreover, have also all reached the other technologies index of this material such as denseness, time of coagulation etc. the design requirements of concrete spraying support.
Be example with ore deposit, our company Tangshan now: what past whitewashing was used is sandstone aggregate, exists in production cost height, the construction problems such as springback capacity is big, dust concentration height.In September, 1998 Tang Shankuang to have carried out with the spontaneous combustion haydite be the sprayed concrete test of aggregate, test site is selected in 7044 main returns.Test-results sees the following form:
Figure C0012289800051
Above data show, the ore deposit, Tangshan is in using the spontaneous combustion haydite concrete test block is surveyed with drawing at the scene with original sand-stone concrete, and 7 days ultimate compression strength improves 1-3.1% and 5.4-9.6% respectively; 28 days ultimate compression strength reduces by 2.3% and 1.8% respectively, but still can satisfy (design 14.7Mpa) requirement, and improves 13.6% and 11.6% respectively than design requirements.Free SiO in the dust 2Reduce by 55%, respirable dust reduces by 44%, and total dust reduces by 56%, and resilience reduces by 50%, and ejection efficiency improves 20%.
Compare with traditional concrete spraying support, since manufacturing, the convenient transportation of novel material, ample supply and prompt delivery, the springback capacity of construction reduces in addition, so the materials cost of every meter tunnel ejection supporting can be saved 300-600 unit, its construction cost obviously reduces.
After novel material of the present invention, novel process adopt, also improved the efficient of ejection supporting, saving and pressing wind, water, electricity and labour cost, producible economic benefit is original 22%; Reduce maintenance of equipment and easily consumption material consumption can to produce economic benefit be original 20%.
In addition, to the later maintenance of roadway support, because of the present invention has better adsorptivity, rare slurry explosion, phenomenon such as come off under equal conditions reduce later maintenance amount 2%.
Comprehensive above several analyses, fund 400-700 unit can be saved in general every meter tunnel of supporting, opens Luan (group) company in 1999 to finish Downhole jetting supporting tunnel 17800m altogether, creates surplus the economic benefit 900 ten thousand yuan.
From the social benefit analysis, because the reduction of working space dust concentration, thereby improved operating environment, and reduced the sickness rate of workman's pneumoconiosis, for improving the workers health level, prolong labor force's work-ing life etc., its hysteresis benefit can't be calculated.And the development and use again of this coal gangue had both reduced pollution, provided chance for the worker of this enterprise creates more jobs again.
Utilize novel material of the present invention, expanded in the large-scale dynamo-electric chamber in down-hole and used opening Luan (group) company at present, and be used for the down-hole and lay a railway track, annotate and build and the preparation of cement products (in this moment material granularity of spontaneous combustion haydite choose should between 5-30mm).There are billions of tons because fully the coal gangue of spontaneous combustion is discarded in national coal mining enterprise, a large amount of waste dumps not only destroys environment and has also taken a lot of land resourcess, become public hazards, obviously can make it turn waste into wealth and make full use of, will create considerable economic and social benefit.

Claims (2)

1. material that is used for spraying lower tunnel of supporting well, it is characterized in that, be mixed into aggregate with even-grained coal gangue and the white lime that forms through processing screening back, being equipped with cement and accelerating chemicals constitutes, wherein coal gangue is the active spontaneous combustion haydite that has that forms after abundant spontaneous combustion is expanded, the particle diameter of this haydite is answered≤15mm, and the weight of white lime is answered≤10% spontaneous combustion haydite weight; The proportioning of spontaneous combustion haydite and cement is 2: 1-7: 1; Accelerating chemicals is the 2-6% of cement weight.
2. one kind is used for the described preparation methods of claim 1 be is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) by the waste dump borrow, and the water of adding＜10% coal gangue weight, and carry out Mechanical Crushing, screening classification then;
(2) add white lime in proportion, carry at least and a few days ago deposit special-purpose stock ground, down-hole in abundant deliquescence;
When (3) using, the cement and the accelerating chemicals that add suitable proportion are concentrated spice, through shotcrete machine ejection supporting are realized in the tunnel then.
CNB001228986A 2000-09-05 2000-09-05 Material for spraying lower tunnel of supporting well and its preparation method Expired - Fee Related CN1136162C (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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CN1136162C true CN1136162C (en) 2004-01-28

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101439950B (en) * 2008-12-19 2011-12-28 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 Flexible coal powder foam concrete and preparation thereof
CN102251782A (en) * 2010-05-19 2011-11-23 闫冬生 Novel underground anchor spraying concrete
CN101915109B (en) * 2010-08-06 2012-07-25 中国矿业大学 Concrete spraying method for reducing dust and decreasing resilience
CN107352904A (en) * 2017-07-19 2017-11-17 中国矿业大学 A kind of spoil base gunite material for coal mine roadway gunite
CN108298896A (en) * 2018-01-02 2018-07-20 神华集团有限责任公司 A kind of concrete and its application method being used to prepare underground bottom plate
CN111517704B (en) * 2020-04-30 2021-12-31 河南工业和信息化职业学院 Coal slime-based roadway bottom paving material and preparation method thereof

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