CN113613315B - Selection process and indication method of access point cluster in large-scale MIMO system without cell - Google Patents
Selection process and indication method of access point cluster in large-scale MIMO system without cell Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a selection process and an indication method of an access point cluster in a large-scale MIMO system without a cell, which comprises a criterion table, wherein the selected access point cluster at least comprises 1 main access point AP; including an indication of an update period and an indication of a selection criterion; the method and the device reduce signaling overhead while ensuring the selection flexibility of the access point cluster, and can update the access point cluster serving the UE in time, thereby ensuring the reliability of data transmission.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a selection process and an indication method of an access point cluster in a large-scale MIMO system without a cell.
Background
Cell-free (CF) massive MIMO (mlmo) technology has become one of the most promising technologies for next-generation wireless communication (including 5G-Advanced and 6G). In a typical CF mimo system, a plurality of Access Points (APs) are distributed in a certain geographic coverage area, and the APs collectively serve a plurality of User Equipments (UEs). Unlike a conventional cellular network, there are no cells in the CF mimo network, and thus the boundary effect of the cellular network can be overcome. An access point in the CF mMIMO network only needs to deploy a small number of antennas, and does not need to deploy a large-scale antenna array on the base station side like the traditional mMIMO, so that the deployment cost can be saved.
With the great increase of the number of the APs and the number of the UEs, the expandability is an important index for measuring the quality of the CF mMIMO system. Considering that in practical applications, Path Loss (PL) may cause each UE to obtain service of only a part of APs in a certain geographic coverage area, rather than all APs, one method for increasing scalability is to implement CF mimo with user as a center.
In a user-centric CF mimo system, each UE is served by a group of APs (referred to as a cluster of access points) that it selects, for example, the AP closest to the user or the AP with higher desired signal received power. As the location of the user changes, the selected subset of APs will also change. Particularly, in a high-speed moving scene, since the moving speed of a user is high and the channel state changes rapidly, the CF mimo system centered on the user needs to update the access point cluster rapidly to meet the requirement of high-reliability service quality.
However, the prior art and protocols have not provided selection criteria, procedures and indication methods for access point clusters in CF mimo systems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a selection process and an indication method of an access point cluster in a large-scale MIMO system without a cell, so as to overcome the defects in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the application discloses a selection process of an access point cluster in a large-scale MIMO system without a cell, which is characterized in that: the selected access point cluster at least comprises 1 main access point AP, and the selection process adopts one of the following three schemes:
scheme A: a1, user equipment UE selects a main access point AP;
a2, user equipment UE sends reference signals to a main access point AP, wherein the reference signals comprise positioning reference signals PRS and sounding reference signals SRS;
a3, the main AP selects the auxiliary AP according to the selection criteria of the AP cluster;
a4, the main AP informs the UE of the selection criteria of the adopted AP cluster and the selected auxiliary AP;
scheme B: b1, the user equipment UE selects a main access point AP;
b2, the UE receives reference signals sent by other Access Points (AP) except the main AP, wherein the reference signals comprise Positioning Reference Signals (PRS) and channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS);
b3, selecting an auxiliary access point AP by the user equipment UE according to the selection criterion of the access point cluster;
b4, the user equipment UE informs the main access point AP of the selection criterion of the adopted access point cluster and the selected auxiliary access point AP;
scheme C: c1, selecting 1 main access point AP and a plurality of auxiliary access points AP by the user equipment UE;
c2, the user equipment UE informs the main AP of the selection criteria of the adopted access point cluster and the selected auxiliary AP;
in the above-mentioned schemes B and C, if the main access point AP indicates the selection criterion of the new access point cluster, the user equipment UE needs to reselect the auxiliary access point AP according to the selection criterion of the new access point cluster.
Preferably, the cluster of access points may be reselected when one of the following conditions is satisfied:
s1, reaching the update period of the access point cluster;
s2, the signal quality is poor, including that the signal-to-noise ratio of the received signal is lower than a first threshold value or the number of the continuous hybrid automatic repeat request negative acknowledgements (HARQ) NACKs exceeds a preset value;
s3, the user equipment UE receives the indication of the master access point AP.
Preferably, the user equipment UE selects a main access point AP as a normal initial access procedure, which includes receiving a synchronization signal and a broadcast message transmitted by the access point AP.
Preferably, the selection criterion includes a criterion table, and several parameters are set in the criterion table, where the parameters include one or more of a distance between an access point AP and a user equipment UE, the number of access points AP, reference signal received power RSRP, and path loss PL.
Preferably, the number of access points AP in the parameter is the maximum AP number, the reference signal received power RSRP is the minimum received power RSRP, and the path loss PL is the maximum path loss PL.
The application discloses an indication method of an access point cluster in a large-scale MIMO system without a cell, which comprises the steps of updating period indication and selecting criterion indication;
indication of the update period: if the update period of the access point cluster has no association relation with other parameters, the access point AP indicates the user equipment UE through a high-level signaling; if the update period of the access point cluster is related to other parameters, the user equipment UE only needs to calculate the update period, and the access point AP does not need to indicate the user equipment UE; the other parameters comprise the moving speed of a user and the processing capacity of User Equipment (UE), and the unit of the updating period is one of millisecond, time slot number and OFDM symbol number;
indication of the selection criteria: and the access point AP indicates the user equipment UE through a downlink control signaling, or the user equipment UE indicates the access point AP through an uplink control signaling.
Preferably, the indication of the selection criterion includes an explicit indication and an implicit indication, and if the indication is an explicit indication, the field size used for indicating the selection criterion of the access point cluster in the control signaling is ceil (log2(Y)) bits, and Y represents the number of rows of the criterion table of the selection criterion of the access point cluster.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method and the device reduce signaling overhead while ensuring the selection flexibility of the access point cluster, and can update the access point cluster serving the UE in time, thereby ensuring the reliability of data transmission.
The features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail by embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram of a criteria table of selection criteria for an access point cluster in a large-scale MIMO system without cells according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood, however, that the description herein of specific embodiments is only intended to illustrate the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present invention.
The selection criteria for the cluster of access points are agreed upon in the protocol in the form of a table of criteria.
Referring to fig. 1, the criterion table is provided with several parameters, where the parameters include one or more of a distance between an access point AP and a user equipment UE, the number of access points AP, reference signal received power RSRP, and path loss PL. If a parameter in the table has no corresponding value, it indicates that the parameter is not in the selection criteria of the access point cluster.
It should be noted that the numbers in fig. 1 are provided only for ease of understanding and are not actual values.
The number of APs in fig. 1 refers to the number of APs in an AP cluster, and may also be referred to as AP cluster size (cluster size), AP group size (group size), and the like, and the path loss PL refers to the path loss between the UE and the AP, and may also be a path loss index, which is not limited in the present invention.
Preferably, the number of APs in fig. 1 refers to the maximum number of APs, RSRP refers to the minimum RSRP, and PL refers to the maximum PL.
The number of APs, RSRP, and PL in fig. 1 may be a maximum value or a minimum value, which is not limited in the present invention, and in a specific implementation, it may be agreed whether these values are a maximum value or a minimum value in the protocol. Specifically, it may be agreed in the protocol whether the selection criterion of the access point cluster is less than or equal to, less than, greater than, or greater than or equal to a certain parameter value.
Continuing with fig. 1, the row with index #0, it can be understood that the distance between the selected AP and the UE should be less than or equal to 50 meters, the number of the selected APs should be less than or equal to 1, the RSRP received by the UE is greater than 10 dB, and the path loss is less than 0 dB; one row with index #4, it can be understood that the distance between the selected AP and the UE should be less than or equal to 100 meters, and the number of the selected APs should be less than or equal to 5; one row with index #7, it can be understood that the distance between the selected AP and the UE should be less than or equal to 100 meters, with no other parameter requirements.
The selection process of the access point cluster can adopt scheme A, scheme B, scheme C or a recombination of partial steps in different schemes. The selected cluster of access points contains at least 1 master access point AP.
Scheme a (UE selects primary AP first, and primary AP then selects secondary AP for UE):
a1, UE selects a main AP;
a2, UE sends reference signal to main AP;
a3, the main AP selects the auxiliary AP according to the selection criterion of the access point cluster;
a4, the master AP informs the UE of the selection criteria of the cluster of access points employed, and the selected secondary APs.
In step a2 in scheme a, the Reference Signal sent by the UE to the main AP may be a Positioning Reference Signal (PRS), a Sounding Reference Signal (SRS), or the like. The AP may obtain location Information of the UE, Channel State Information (CSI) between the UE and the AP, and the like according to a reference signal sent by the UE.
Scheme B (UE selects primary AP first, then UE selects secondary AP by itself):
b1, UE selects a main AP;
b2, the UE receives reference signals sent by other APs except the main AP;
b3, the UE selects the auxiliary AP according to the selection criterion of the access point cluster;
b4, the UE informs the master AP of the selection criteria of the employed access point cluster and the selected secondary AP.
In step B2 in scheme B, the reference signals transmitted by other APs may be positioning reference signals PRS, channel state information reference signals CSI-RS, etc.
Preferably, in the scheme a and the scheme B, the process of selecting a master AP by the UE may be a conventional initial access process, including receiving a synchronization signal and a broadcast message transmitted by an AP.
Scheme C (UE selects primary and secondary APs simultaneously):
c1, the UE selects 1 primary AP and several secondary APs.
Preferably, the UE performs a conventional initial access procedure and selects 1 primary AP and several secondary APs.
Preferably, the UE receives reference signals (which may be positioning reference signals PRS, channel state information reference signals CSI-RS, etc.) transmitted by all APs, and selects 1 primary AP and several secondary APs according to a selection criterion of the access point cluster.
C2, the UE informs the master AP of the selection criteria of the cluster of access points used, and the selected secondary APs.
The cluster of access points may be reselected when one of the following conditions is satisfied:
s1, reaching the update period of the access point cluster;
s2, the signal quality is poor; the signal quality difference may be that the signal-to-noise ratio of the received signal is lower than a first threshold, or the number of consecutive hybrid automatic repeat request negative acknowledgements (HARQ NACKs) exceeds a preset value, or the like.
S3, the UE receives the indication of the master AP.
For the condition that the UE selects the auxiliary AP, the UE may need to reselect the auxiliary AP according to the indication of the main AP, and inform the reselected auxiliary AP to the main AP; if the master AP indicates the selection criterion of the new access point cluster, the UE needs to reselect the auxiliary AP according to the selection criterion of the new access point cluster. Otherwise, the secondary AP does not need to be reselected.
For example, if the master AP indicates that the maximum number of APs is N and the number M of secondary APs selected by the UE is greater than N-1, the UE deletes N-1-M secondary APs from the secondary AP list. The deleted secondary APs are the APs that least meet the selection criteria of the cluster of access points being employed at the time.
In schemes B and C, the UE selects the secondary AP by itself, and the selection criterion of the access point cluster adopted by the UE is assumed to be a row with an index #7 in fig. 1, that is, the distance between the selected AP and the UE should be less than or equal to 100 meters. In a certain geographic area, assuming that the UE has selected AP 1 as the master AP, the UE knows that the distances from APs 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 to itself are 20 meters, 30 meters, 40 meters, 50 meters, 80 meters, and 100 meters, respectively, by receiving reference signals sent by APs other than the master AP, and selects AP 2, AP 3, AP 4, AP 5, AP 6, and AP 7 as the slave AP according to the above criteria (the row with index #7 in fig. 1). Later, the UE receives an indication of the master AP, where the selection criteria for the access point cluster is indicated as a row with an index #4 in fig. 1, that is, the distance between the selected AP and the UE should be less than or equal to 100 meters, and the number of the selected APs should be less than or equal to 5. The UE needs to reselect the secondary AP according to the selection criteria (the row indexed #4 in fig. 1) of the new access point cluster indicated by the primary AP. Since the APs that least meet the selection criteria (the row with index #7 in fig. 1) of the access point cluster used at the time are AP 6 and AP 7, the UE deletes AP 6 and AP 7 from the secondary AP list and informs the master AP of the newly selected secondary AP.
A method of indication of a cluster of access points comprising an indication of an update period and an indication of a selection criterion.
Indication of the update period: if the update period of the access point cluster has no association relation with other parameters, the access point AP indicates the user equipment UE through a high-level signaling; if the update period of the access point cluster is related to other parameters, the user equipment UE only needs to calculate the update period, and the access point AP does not need to indicate the user equipment UE; the other parameters comprise the moving speed of the user and the processing capacity of the user equipment UE, and the unit of the updating period is one of millisecond, time slot number and OFDM symbol number.
In one implementation, the update period P of the access point cluster and the user moving speed v have a corresponding relationship. For example, the user movement speed is 0.5 to 5 m/s, and the update period is 200 ms.
In another implementation, the update period P of the access point cluster and the user moving speed v have a functional relationship, i.e., P = f (v). The user equipment UE can calculate the update period of the access point cluster according to the functional relationship without being instructed by the access point AP. In a specific implementation, the larger the user moving speed, the smaller the update period of the AP cluster should be, in other words, the faster the user location is updated, the faster the update of the AP cluster is performed, so as to meet the reliability requirement of data transmission.
The update period of the AP cluster should also consider the processing capability of the UE, and for a low-capability UE, the AP cluster is updated too frequently, which may result in higher energy consumption and affect the data transmission efficiency. In a specific implementation, for UEs with different capabilities, the update period P of the access point cluster and the user moving speed may have different corresponding relationships or functional relationships.
Indication of the selection criteria: and the access point AP indicates the user equipment UE through a downlink control signaling, or the user equipment UE indicates the access point AP through an uplink control signaling. The selection criterion of the access point cluster can be explicitly indicated or implicitly indicated; if the indication is explicit, the field size in the control signaling for indicating the selection criterion of the access point cluster is ceil (log2(Y)) bits, where Y represents the number of rows of the table of selection criteria of the access point cluster. The number of rows in the criteria table may be agreed upon in the protocol. Referring to fig. 1, if the criteria table shown in fig. 1 has 8 rows, the size of the field used for indicating the selection criteria of the access point cluster in the control signaling is 3 bits.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents or improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A process for selecting a cluster of access points in a large-scale MIMO system without a cell, comprising: the selected access point cluster at least comprises 1 main access point AP, and the selection process adopts one of the following three schemes:
scheme A: a1, user equipment UE selects a main access point AP;
a2, user equipment UE sends reference signals to a main access point AP, wherein the reference signals comprise positioning reference signals PRS and sounding reference signals SRS;
a3, the main AP selects the auxiliary AP according to the selection criteria of the AP cluster;
a4, the main AP informs the UE of the selection criteria of the adopted AP cluster and the selected auxiliary AP;
scheme B: b1, the user equipment UE selects a main access point AP;
b2, the UE receives reference signals sent by other Access Points (AP) except the main AP, wherein the reference signals comprise Positioning Reference Signals (PRS) and channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS);
b3, selecting an auxiliary access point AP by the user equipment UE according to the selection criterion of the access point cluster;
b4, the user equipment UE informs the main access point AP of the selection criterion of the adopted access point cluster and the selected auxiliary access point AP;
scheme C: c1, selecting 1 main access point AP and a plurality of auxiliary access points AP by the user equipment UE;
c2, the user equipment UE informs the main AP of the selection criteria of the adopted access point cluster and the selected auxiliary AP;
in the schemes B and C, if the main access point AP indicates the selection criterion of the new access point cluster, the user equipment UE needs to reselect the auxiliary access point AP according to the selection criterion of the new access point cluster;
the selection criterion comprises a criterion table, wherein a plurality of parameters are set in the criterion table, and the parameters comprise one or more of the distance between an Access Point (AP) and User Equipment (UE), the number of the Access Points (AP), Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) and Path Loss (PL).
2. The selection process of an access point cluster in a large-scale MIMO system without cell of claim 1, wherein an access point cluster can be reselected when one of the following conditions is satisfied: s1, reaching the update period of the access point cluster; s2, the signal quality is poor, including that the signal-to-noise ratio of the received signal is lower than a first threshold value or the number of the continuous hybrid automatic repeat request negative acknowledgements (HARQ) NACKs exceeds a preset value; s3, the user equipment UE receives the indication of the master access point AP.
3. The selection process of the access point cluster in the large-scale MIMO system without cell of claim 1, wherein the user equipment UE selects a main access point AP as a conventional initial access process, which includes receiving a synchronization signal and a broadcast message transmitted by the access point AP.
4. The selection process of an access point cluster in a large-scale MIMO system without cell of claim 1, wherein: the number of the access points AP in the parameter is the maximum AP number, the reference signal received power RSRP is the minimum received power RSRP, and the path loss PL is the maximum path loss PL.
5. A method for indicating an access point cluster in a large-scale MIMO system without cell, applied to the selection process of the access point cluster in the large-scale MIMO system without cell according to any of claims 1-4, characterized in that: including an indication of an update period and an indication of a selection criterion; indication of the update period: if the update period of the access point cluster has no association relation with other parameters, the access point AP indicates the user equipment UE through a high-level signaling; if the update period of the access point cluster is related to other parameters, the user equipment UE only needs to calculate the update period, and the access point AP does not need to indicate the user equipment UE; the other parameters comprise the moving speed of a user and the processing capacity of User Equipment (UE), and the unit of the updating period is one of millisecond, time slot number and OFDM symbol number; indication of the selection criteria: and the access point AP indicates the user equipment UE through a downlink control signaling, or the user equipment UE indicates the access point AP through an uplink control signaling.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the method for indicating the cluster of access points in the large-scale MIMO system without the cell comprises: the indication of the selection criterion comprises an explicit indication and an implicit indication, and if the indication is the explicit indication, the field size used for indicating the selection criterion of the access point cluster in the control signaling is ceil (log2(Y)) bits, and Y represents the number of rows of the criterion table of the selection criterion of the access point cluster.
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