CN113610546A - Food production process tracing method, food circulation process tracing method and device - Google Patents
Food production process tracing method, food circulation process tracing method and device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a food quality safety tracing system based on a credible double chain, which comprises: the system comprises a chain member access module, a chain member initial credit degree model and a chain member credit degree updating model, wherein the chain member access module is used for establishing the chain member initial credit degree model and the chain member credit degree updating model; the consumer tracing record query module is used for acquiring each historical tracing record corresponding to the food identifier according to the food identifier query block chain after receiving a food identifier query request sent by the client, and feeding back a final query result to the consumer; the uplink data credibility measurement evaluation module: establishing a link member credit measurement model, establishing a data quality model, measuring the quality of the uplink data, and establishing an uplink data credibility measurement model; a food production process traceability device based on a private chain; food circulation process traceability device based on alliance chain. According to the technical scheme of the invention, the traceability efficiency is improved, and the traceability information is real and reliable and privacy protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a block chain technology, in particular to a food production process traceability method and device based on a private chain, a food circulation process traceability method and device based on an alliance chain and a food quality safety traceability system based on a credible double chain.
Background
The current food quality safety tracing system always depends on an authoritative government organization to manage a central database, and the reliability problem of information transmission among all roles in a food supply chain is yet to be solved, so that the problems of data storage centralization, data isolated island, channel conflict and the like exist.
The emergence of the block chain technology can provide a new method and thought for tracing the source of food quality safety. The block chain technology is a mode innovation technology integrating various technical means such as distributed accounts, cryptography, intelligent contracts and the like, can record and trace product information, prevent data tampering, effectively improve commodity information transparency and ensure that consumers can afford to buy.
Although many block chain traceability items exist in the market, no matter agricultural marketing companies, traditional science and technology companies or small-sized entrepreneurship companies are in the block chain traceability searching stage as a whole, the provided block chain traceability system cannot provide a way for verifying the authenticity of information, and the common public can only rely on information provided by a third-party quality inspection institution or judge the authenticity of the information based on public praise of enterprises. Therefore, a more reliable and efficient tracing method is needed to be provided for the current situation that tracing is difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a food quality safety tracing and tracing system based on a private chain and a alliance chain. In order to achieve the purpose, a food production process traceability method and device based on a private chain, a food circulation process traceability method and device based on an alliance chain and a food quality safety traceability system based on a credible double chain are designed.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a private chain-based food production process tracing method, including: setting each department in the food production process as a candidate set and a follower set according to reliability and stability, determining a leader node and a candidate node from the candidate set according to an RAFT algorithm, and setting other consensus nodes except a supervisor node as follower nodes; establishing a supervisor node for collecting feedback of calculation results of the leader node and the follower node so as to judge the problem node and update the candidate set and the follower set; the leader node arranges and packs the received uplink data information of the request into a block, broadcasts the block to the whole network and requests for verification; the follower node verifies the block broadcasted by the leader node according to the uplink data requested by the follower node and broadcasts the verification result in the whole network; if the leader node receives the approval message of the follower node, the whole network broadcasting block is linked up; and the supervisor node records all nodes with feedback errors and supervises.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a federation chain-based food circulation process tracing method, including: the accounting node generates tracing data and submits the tracing data to a server corresponding to the accounting node; the accounting node generates a tracing record according to the tracing data, submits the tracing record to the alliance chain and broadcasts the tracing record in a full chain, forms a ring with the accounting node and other parts or all accounting nodes, and carries out ring signature on the broadcasted tracing record; the verification node obtains current tracing data according to the address identification of the server corresponding to the accounting node in the tracing record through the tracing record verified by the ring signature; the verification node inquires historical traceability records in the block chain according to the food identifiers in the traceability records, acquires address identifier sets of servers corresponding to the food identifiers according to the historical traceability records, acquires historical traceability data corresponding to the food according to the address identifier sets, and verifies the effectiveness of the historical traceability data; the verification node carries out aggregated signature on the verification result; the data processing node receives the verification results of the tracing records from the verification node, carries out aggregate signature verification when the received verification results reach a certain number, carries out consensus judgment on the monitored verification results according to a consensus algorithm, judges that the consensus results are consensus when the number of the monitored verification results reaches the consensus requirement, passes the verification, stores the tracing records into a block chain, and broadcasts the consensus results at the same time so that other accounting nodes store the tracing records into the blocks of the other accounting nodes according to the consensus results; otherwise, judging that the consensus result is that the consensus can not be achieved, failing to pass the verification, and discarding the tracing record.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a private chain-based food production process tracing apparatus, including: the node establishment module is used for setting each department in the food production process as a candidate set and a follower set according to reliability and stability, determining a leader node and a candidate node from the candidate set according to a RAFT algorithm, and setting other consensus nodes except a supervisor node as follower nodes; establishing a supervisor node for collecting feedback of calculation results of the leader node and the follower node so as to judge the problem node and update the candidate set and the follower set; the verification module is used for arranging and packaging the received uplink data information of the request into a block by the leader node, broadcasting the block to the whole network and requesting verification; the follower node verifies the block broadcasted by the leader node according to the uplink requesting data received by the follower node, and performs the whole network broadcasting on the verification result, and submits the verification result to a module, wherein if the leader node receives the approval message of the follower node, the whole network broadcasting block is linked; and the supervision module is used for recording all nodes with feedback errors by the supervisor node and supervising.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a federation chain-based food circulation process tracing apparatus, including: the traceability data submitting module is used for generating traceability data by the accounting node and submitting the traceability data to a server corresponding to the accounting node; the system comprises a ring signature module, a billing node and a federation chain, wherein the billing node generates a traceability record according to traceability data, submits the traceability record to the federation chain and broadcasts the traceability record in a full chain, forms a ring with the billing node and other parts or all billing nodes, and performs ring signature on the broadcasted traceability record; the tracing data verification module is used for verifying the tracing record passing the ring signature verification by the verification node and acquiring the current tracing data according to the address identifier of the server corresponding to the accounting node in the tracing record; the verification node inquires historical traceability records in the block chain according to the food identifiers in the traceability records, acquires address identifier sets of servers corresponding to the food identifiers according to the historical traceability records, acquires historical traceability data corresponding to the food according to the address identifier sets, and verifies the effectiveness of the historical traceability data; the verification node aggregation signature module is used for performing aggregation signature on a verification result by the verification node; the data processing node aggregation signature module is used for receiving verification results of the tracing records from the verification nodes, performing aggregation signature verification when the received verification results reach a certain number, and the consensus judgment module is used for judging that the consensus results are consensus, storing the tracing records into a block chain when the verification results reach the consensus requirement, and broadcasting the consensus results so that other accounting nodes store the tracing records into the blocks of the other accounting nodes according to the consensus results; otherwise, judging that the consensus result is that the consensus can not be achieved, failing to pass the verification, and discarding the tracing record.
According to another aspect of the invention, a food quality safety tracing system based on a trusted double chain is provided, which is characterized by comprising: the system comprises a chain member access module, a chain member initial credit degree model and a chain member credit degree updating model, wherein the chain member access module is used for establishing the chain member initial credit degree model and the chain member credit degree updating model; the consumer tracing record query module is used for acquiring each historical tracing record corresponding to the food identifier according to the food identifier query block chain after receiving a food identifier query request sent by the client, and feeding back a final query result to the consumer; the uplink data credibility measurement evaluation module: establishing a credit measurement model of the members on the chain, and performing credit evaluation on the members on the chain to acquire the credit of the members on the chain; then, establishing a data quality model, and measuring the uplink data quality; finally, on the basis, a chain data credibility measurement model is established, and credibility measurement is carried out on the chain data; the private chain-based food production process traceability device as described above; the food circulation process tracing device based on the alliance chain is described above.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a food quality safety tracing system based on trusted double chains, including: a data layer encapsulating the underlying data structure and associated technology of the blockchain; the network layer encapsulates the networking mode of each node among the block chains; a consensus layer comprising the private chain consensus mechanism as described above and the federation chain consensus mechanism as described above; the contract layer is used for stipulating the participating roles, restricting the behaviors of all the roles and standardizing transaction records; and the application and interface layer is used for completing the management of data and the configuration function of the platform.
According to the technical scheme of the invention, the following beneficial technical effects can be obtained:
the food quality tracing system covers all links of food production and food circulation, and the food production process relates to business secrets of enterprises, so the tracing of the food production process is researched based on a private chain, wherein the RAFT algorithm is a commonly-used consensus mechanism in the private chain, the fault-tolerant malicious nodes cannot be realized, the efficiency needs to be improved, the RAFT algorithm is improved on the basis, the strong consistency of the RAFT algorithm is kept, the consensus efficiency is further improved, and the attack of the malicious nodes is prevented.
Since the food distribution process involves a plurality of entities such as logistics, distributors, retailers, and consumers, traceability of the food distribution process is studied based on a federation chain. The PBFT algorithm is a common consensus mechanism in a alliance chain, while in the traditional PBFT algorithm, two consensus nodes need to communicate with each other, the performance needs to be further improved, and dynamic joining or exiting of the consensus nodes cannot be supported. The method is improved on the basis of the ring signature, improves the performance of a consensus mechanism based on the aggregation signature, realizes dynamic joining or quitting of the consensus node by means of the ring signature, and meanwhile strengthens privacy protection.
According to the two points, a consensus mechanism suitable for the tracing of the food circulation process of the private chain and the alliance chain is further constructed. The design and the implementation of the model are completed, a high-efficiency and credible food quality safety traceability system is established, the system functions comprise member access on a chain, consumer traceability record inquiry, uplink data credibility measurement evaluation, food production process traceability based on a private chain, food circulation process traceability based on an alliance chain and the like, the traceability efficiency is improved, and the traceability information is real and reliable and has privacy protection.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a private chain-based food production process traceability technology roadmap.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic flow chart of a food production process tracing method according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 shows a federation chain-based food circulation process traceability technology roadmap.
Fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a food circulation process tracing method according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 shows a schematic block diagram of a private chain-based food production process traceability device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic block diagram of a federation chain-based food circulation process tracing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 shows a schematic block diagram of a trusted double-chain-based food quality security traceability system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic block diagram illustrating a specific implementation of a food quality safety traceability system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
According to one aspect of the invention, a private chain-based food production process tracing method is provided.
Fig. 1 shows a private chain-based food production process traceability technology roadmap.
As shown in fig. 1, nodes participating in consensus negotiation in the tracing of the food production process based on the private chain have four types: the management department, the production planning department, the production department and the product delivery and sales department are collectively called consensus nodes. The enterprise management department firstly distributes a public key and a private key to each department of the enterprise respectively, the public key is published to all members in a private chain, and the private key is used as a digital signature of identity verification and data chaining in the production process.
The production planning department proposes a production plan, the management department confirms the identity of the production plan through a public key, and after confirmation, the production planning department is authorized to submit and add information such as a production plan book, the authorization of the production plan book, the digital signature of the production plan book and the like into a private chain; the consensus node judges whether the consensus is achieved according to the private chain consensus mechanism, and if the consensus is achieved, the information is stored in the private chain block and is broadcasted.
The production planning department authorizes the production department to start food production, the management department confirms the identity of the production department through a public key, and after confirmation, the management department authorizes the production department to submit and add the information such as related information, digital signature of the information, authorized signature and the like generated in the production process of the department into a private chain, wherein the related information generated in the production process comprises a product number, a production plan, detection data, pesticide varieties, production place information and the like; the consensus node judges whether the consensus is achieved according to the private chain consensus mechanism, and if the consensus is achieved, the information is stored in the private chain block and is broadcasted.
Food production is carried out among production departments, the last department is required to authorize before the product production reaches a new department every time, and the authorization is carried out after the data is confirmed by an administration department before being submitted to a chain.
For each piece of food, a factory sales department generates a unique food identifier, and the unique food identifier is combined with information such as a first food transferring party and identity information thereof, first food transferring time, first food transferring quantity and the like, and the information is submitted to be added into a private chain after a management department confirms and authorizes the identity of the food; the consensus node judges whether consensus is achieved or not according to a private chain consensus mechanism, if yes, the information is stored in a private chain block and broadcast, and meanwhile, the information is submitted to a server of an enterprise. And the node corresponding to the factory sales department is the first accounting node for tracing the source of the food circulation process based on the alliance chain.
In the food production process tracing method according to the embodiment of the invention, an improved consensus algorithm based on a private chain is a key for the consensus nodes to achieve consensus, which is described in detail below with reference to fig. 2. Fig. 2 shows a schematic flow chart of a food production process tracing method according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 2, the method includes:
s210, setting each department in the food production process, which can be a production planning department, a production department and a product delivery and sales department in the embodiment, as a candidate set and a follower set according to reliability and stability, determining a leader node and a candidate node from the candidate set according to a RAFT algorithm, and setting other common nodes except a supervisor node as follower nodes;
the candidate set can be composed of consensus nodes corresponding to a production planning department, an important production department and a factory sales department, and the follow-up set is composed of other consensus nodes except a management department.
S220, establishing a supervisor node, wherein a management department can be set as the supervisor node and the supervisor node is used for collecting feedback of calculation results of the leader node and the follower node so as to judge the problem node and update the candidate set and the follower set;
the algorithm involves four roles in common: a leader node, a candidate node, a follower node, and a supervisor node. Note that the leader node and the candidate nodes can only come from the candidate set. The leader node is used for recording uplink data and generating a new block. Candidate nodes can compete for leader nodes, which are transitional states when re-election is performed under the condition that the leader node expires at any time or fails or is detected as a malicious node, and after the election is finished, the candidate nodes become the leader node or the follower nodes.
The follower node votes for the leader node election and verifies the submitted uplink data.
S230, a verification step: the leader node arranges and packs the received uplink data information of the request into a block, broadcasts the block to the whole network and requests for verification; the follower node verifies the block broadcasted by the leader node according to the uplink data requested by the follower node and broadcasts the verification result in the whole network,
the verification comprises verifying the identity of the leader node, the block to be submitted, the correctness of data in the block and the like.
S240, a submitting step: and if the leader node receives the approval message of the follower node, the block uplink is broadcasted in the whole network. The approval message may be one that satisfies a predetermined condition, which may be set by a person skilled in the art according to the actual situation.
S250, a supervision step: and the supervisor node records all nodes with feedback errors and supervises.
If a problem continues to occur, which may be a network problem resulting in insufficient integrity of the uplink data received from the request, or a node may be misled by an attack and further processed, for example, if the node is a node in the candidate set, the node is removed from the candidate set, if the node is a following node, the node may be determined to be a malicious node, and the like. And if the supervisor node receives that the follow-up node does not meet the preset condition or the period of the leader expires when the follow-up node receives the approval message of the leader for requesting the verification block, triggering an election step and carrying out re-election on the leader node.
The private chain consensus algorithm according to the embodiment of the invention is obtained by improving and constructing a RAFT algorithm, the consensus algorithm divides all consensus nodes into a candidate set and a following set according to reliability and stability, and the consensus nodes in the candidate set are used as the consensus nodes in the candidate state, but not all the consensus nodes are used as the consensus nodes in the candidate state. On one hand, the high-reliability consensus nodes are divided into candidate groups, and the stability, the operation speed and the transmission speed of the block chain can be improved by depending on the operation and processing capacity of the candidate groups; on the other hand, when the common node in the leader state fails or is detected as a malicious node, the common node in the candidate state is greatly reduced in number compared with the previous common node, so that the time required for operation and transmission is reduced in the re-election process, and the election step speed is increased. Moreover, a supervisor node is added for receiving block feedback results of verification request of the leader and judging which nodes have problems or are malicious nodes according to the block feedback results, so that the malicious node fault tolerance of the consensus mechanism is increased.
According to another embodiment of the invention, a food circulation process tracing method based on a alliance chain is provided.
Fig. 3 shows a federation chain-based food circulation process traceability technology roadmap. As shown in fig. 3, the food circulation process is a circulation process in which the food starts from the factory time and the food selling time ends. The participant roles involved in the process include registering the administrator, producer, distributor, retailer, consumer, while allowing new enterprises or organizations to join, i.e., allowing new nodes to be extended.
The registration management organization creates a corresponding information file when all participants register, and the file comprises necessary information such as enterprise information, functions, addresses, qualification certification and the like.
After a manufacturer, a distributor and a retailer are successfully registered, two pairs of public keys and private keys are obtained, wherein one pair of public key and private key is used for ring signature, the other pair of public key and private key is used for aggregated signature, the public key is disclosed to all members in a alliance chain, and the private key is used as a key for verifying identity and information in a transaction process;
consumers only have the inquiry authority and can not need to register, and they do not participate in the subsequent consensus negotiation process.
In the food flow process tracing method according to the embodiment of the present invention, an improved consensus algorithm based on a federation chain is a key for consensus among consensus nodes, which is described in detail below with reference to fig. 4. Fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a food circulation process tracing method according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 4, the method includes the steps of:
and S410, the accounting node generates food traceability data and submits the traceability data to a server corresponding to the accounting node. In this method, manufacturers, distributors, and retailers can be classified as: the system comprises a billing node, a verification node and a data processing node;
wherein, the food tracing data can contain food identification. The traceability data can comprise food transfer party identity information and a blockchain account address thereof, food transfer time, the quantity of transferred food and the like. The food producer may be the first billing node.
And S420, the accounting node generates a tracing record according to the tracing data, submits the tracing record to the alliance chain and broadcasts the tracing record in a full chain, forms a ring with the accounting node and other parts or all accounting nodes, and performs ring signature on the broadcasted tracing record, as shown in FIG. 3. The tracing record comprises a hash value of the tracing data, an address identifier of a server corresponding to the accounting node, a food transfer party blockchain account address and a timestamp for generating the tracing record. Wherein, the ring signature can play a privacy protection function for the address of the accounting node.
S430, the verification node obtains current traceability data according to the address identification of the server corresponding to the accounting node in the traceability record for the traceability record verified through the ring signature;
s440, the verification node inquires historical traceability records in the block chain according to the food identifiers in the traceability records, acquires address identifier sets of servers corresponding to the food identifiers according to the historical traceability records, acquires historical traceability data corresponding to the food according to the address identifier sets, and verifies the effectiveness of the historical traceability data;
and in the verification process, the authenticity of the quantity of the food, the commodity circulation place, the occurrence time of the food transfer event, the user service identity and the like is judged according to the timestamp, the food transfer party identity information, the generated signature information and the like.
S450, the verification node conducts aggregate signature on the verification result. By the method, the data processing node can conveniently perform aggregated signature verification in a consensus mechanism, so that the signature verification times are reduced, and the alliance chain performance is improved.
And S460, the data processing node receives the verification results of the tracing records from the verification nodes, performs aggregated signature verification when the received verification results reach a certain number, and performs consensus judgment on the monitored verification results according to a consensus algorithm.
S470, when the number of the verification results is monitored to meet the consensus requirement, judging that the consensus result is the consensus, passing the verification, storing the tracing record into a block chain, and broadcasting the consensus result so that other accounting nodes store the tracing record into the block according to the consensus result; otherwise, judging that the consensus result is that the consensus can not be achieved, failing to pass the verification, and discarding the tracing record.
An improved consensus algorithm based on a federation chain, namely a federation chain consensus algorithm constructed by combining PBFT with aggregation signature technology and ring signature technology, is a key for consensus nodes to achieve consensus, and is described in further detail below.
Randomly selecting one verification node to serve as the agenda in each round of consensus, wherein the agenda can be determined according to the block height, the other verification nodes are agendas, p is the current agenda number, the agenda number is i, each consensus generates one block and is attached with the signature of at least n-f verification nodes, wherein n is the number of the verification nodes, and f is the number of the verification nodes which do not pass the current record verification. Suppose that the system requires that the time interval for generating a block every time is t, the current block height is h, the current data number is v, and the current data is marked as block.
The accounting node forms a ring with other part or all accounting nodes, submits uplink data to the whole network broadcast and attaches a ring signature of a sender; all verification nodes independently monitor uplink data submitted by the whole network.
The step S450 of "the verifying node performs the aggregated signature on the verification result" includes:
the agenda sends after a time t<Request,h,v,p,block,<bloc k>σp>Wherein, the Request represents an initiation Request,<block>σpthe aggregate signature which is verified by block in the aggregate signature algorithm is obtained;
the agenda i sends the proposal if the proposal is verified after receiving the proposal<Response,h,v,i,<block>σi>Wherein, Response indicates to perform message feedback,<block>σithe method comprises the steps of verifying an aggregated signature by a block for an adversary i in an aggregated signature algorithm;
the step S460 of receiving, by the data processing node, the verification result of the tracing record from the verification node, and performing aggregated signature verification when the received verification results reach a certain number, and performing consensus judgment on the monitored verification results according to a consensus algorithm includes:
the data processing node receives at least n-f<block>σiThen, the consensus is achieved, the aggregate signature verification is carried out, and if the aggregate signature verification passes, the complete block is issued to the alliance chain;
confirm the next agreement and start the next round of consensus.
The food flow process tracing method shown in fig. 4 can be combined with the food production process tracing method shown in fig. 2 to form a food quality safety tracing method. The steps of the method are described above and will not be described herein.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the food production process tracing device based on the private chain is further provided. FIG. 5 shows a schematic block diagram of the food production process traceability module. As shown in fig. 5, it includes:
a node establishment module 510, which sets each department in the food production process as a candidate set and a follower set according to reliability and stability, determines a leader node and a candidate node from the candidate set according to a RAFT algorithm, and sets other consensus nodes except a supervisor node as follower nodes;
establishing a supervisor node for collecting feedback of calculation results of the leader node and the follower node so as to judge the problem node and update the candidate set and the follower set;
a verification module 520, wherein the leader node arranges and packages the received uplink data information of the request into a block, and broadcasts the block to the whole network to request verification; the follower node verifies the block broadcasted by the leader node according to the uplink data requested by the follower node and broadcasts the verification result in the whole network,
a submit module 530 wherein if the leader node receives an acknowledge message from the follower node, the block is uplinked by the network-wide broadcast;
and a supervision module 540, wherein the supervisor node records all nodes with feedback errors and supervises.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a federation chain-based food circulation process tracing apparatus, as shown in fig. 6, the module includes:
the traceability data submitting module 610, wherein the accounting node generates food traceability data and submits the traceability data to a server corresponding to the accounting node;
the ring signature module 620 is used for generating a traceability record according to the traceability data by the accounting node, submitting the traceability record to the alliance chain by the accounting node, broadcasting the traceability record in a full chain, forming a ring by the accounting node and other parts or all accounting nodes, and performing ring signature on the broadcasted traceability record;
a tracing data verification module 630, wherein the verification node obtains the current tracing data according to the address identifier of the server corresponding to the accounting node in the tracing record, for the tracing record verified by the ring signature; the verification node inquires historical traceability records in the block chain according to the food identifiers in the traceability records, acquires address identifier sets of servers corresponding to the food identifiers according to the historical traceability records, acquires historical traceability data corresponding to the food according to the address identifier sets, and verifies the effectiveness of the historical traceability data;
a verification node aggregate signature module 640, wherein the verification node performs aggregate signature on the verification result;
a data processing node aggregate signature module 650, wherein the data processing node receives the verification result of the tracing record from the verification node, and performs aggregate signature verification when the received verification result reaches a certain number;
the consensus judgment module 660, when monitoring that the number of the verification results meets the consensus requirement, judges that the consensus result is consensus, passes the verification, stores the tracing record into the block chain, and broadcasts the consensus result at the same time, so that other accounting nodes store the tracing record into their own blocks according to the consensus result; otherwise, judging that the consensus result is that the consensus can not be achieved, failing to pass the verification, and discarding the tracing record.
For the specific functions and settings of each module in the apparatus described with reference to fig. 5 and fig. 6, reference is made to the above description of the method embodiment, which is not repeated herein.
According to another embodiment of the invention, a food quality and safety tracing system based on the credible double chains is further provided. Fig. 7 shows a schematic block diagram of the system. As shown in fig. 7, the system includes:
and the on-chain member admission module 710 is used for establishing an on-chain member initial credit model and an on-chain member credit update model. In the module, initializing the credit of the members on the chain by using the information provided by the third-party quality inspection mechanism and public praise of the members on the chain, and establishing an initial credit model of the members on the chain; and calculating the uplink data submitted by the members on the chain according to a consensus mechanism to achieve the consensus, updating the credit of the members on the chain, and establishing an update model of the credit of the members on the chain.
Consumer traceability record query module 720: after receiving a food identifier query request sent by a client, obtaining each historical traceability record corresponding to the food identifier according to the food identifier query block chain, and feeding back a final query result to a consumer.
The uplink data credibility metric evaluation module 730: establishing a credit measurement model of the members on the chain based on the credit evaluation of the third-party quality inspection institution, public praise of the members on the chain and the cochain data consensus degree, and performing credit evaluation on the members on the chain to obtain the credit degree of the members on the chain; then, establishing a data quality model, and measuring the uplink data quality; finally, on the basis, a credibility measurement model of the uplink data can be established based on an evidence theory, and credibility measurement is carried out on the uplink data;
the private chain-based food production process traceability device 740 described with reference to fig. 5. The enterprise management department firstly distributes a public key and a private key to each department of the enterprise respectively, each department represents a consensus node, consensus among the consensus nodes is guaranteed by using a consensus algorithm, the system private chain consensus algorithm is obtained by improving and constructing an RAFT algorithm, the consensus algorithm divides all the consensus nodes into a candidate set and a following set according to reliability and stability, the consensus nodes in the candidate set are taken as the consensus nodes of the candidate state, and not all the consensus nodes are taken as the consensus nodes of the candidate state. On one hand, the high-reliability consensus nodes are divided into candidate groups, and the stability, the operation speed and the transmission speed of the block chain can be improved by depending on the operation and processing capacity of the candidate groups; on the other hand, when the common node in the leader state fails or is detected as a malicious node, the common node in the candidate state is greatly reduced in number compared with the previous common node, so that the time required for operation and transmission is reduced in the re-election process, and the election step speed is increased. Moreover, a supervisor node is added for receiving block feedback results about verification request of the leader and judging which nodes have problems or are malicious nodes according to the block feedback results, so that malicious node fault tolerance of a consensus mechanism is increased
The federation chain-based food circulation process tracing apparatus 750 described with reference to FIG. 6. In the device, manufacturers, distributors and retailers are divided into three categories, which are: accounting node, verification node, data processing node. The accounting node is a node which generates food traceability data and traceability records and submits the traceability records to the block chain; the verification node is used for verifying the tracing record submitted by the accounting node; the data processing node is a consensus result node obtained by detecting the verification result of the verification node by adopting a consensus algorithm, and is also responsible for inquiring the tracing record and feeding back the inquiry result after receiving the food identification inquiry request sent by the client. The system combines PBFT with aggregation signature technology and ring signature technology to construct a federation chain consensus algorithm. The consensus algorithm enables the PBFT algorithm to support dynamic joining and quitting of nodes in a mode that the nodes form a ring by themselves when the accounting nodes carry out ring signature, and meanwhile, privacy protection is enhanced; the times of signature verification are reduced through the aggregation signature technology, and the performance of the traceability system is improved.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the specific implementation mode of the food quality safety tracing system based on the credible double chains is also provided. Fig. 8 is a schematic block diagram illustrating a specific implementation of the food quality safety traceability system. As shown in fig. 8, the system includes:
a data layer 810, which encapsulates the bottom layer data structure of the block chain and related technologies, including data blocks, timestamps, chain structures, hash functions required for generating the blocks, Merkle trees, ring signature algorithms, aggregate signature algorithms, and the like;
a network layer 820, which encapsulates the networking mode of each node between the block chains, including a P2P information transmission mechanism used for establishing connection between the nodes and a verification mechanism of each node for block data;
a consensus layer 830, including an improved private chain consensus mechanism (improved RAFT algorithm) and an improved federation chain consensus mechanism (improved PBFT algorithm), which can be described with reference to the above embodiments;
the contract layer 840 is used for specifying the participating roles, restricting the behaviors of all the roles and standardizing transaction records; the contract layer can adopt the intelligent contracts of the Etheng as a development tool, and the intelligent contracts of the traceability system are designed and coded. Various information of the product and transaction records can also be regulated through a contract, wherein participating roles of manufacturers, logistics merchants, distributors, retailers, consumers and the like are designed in the contract, each role has the behaviors and functions mentioned in the embodiment, and a uplink data credibility measurement evaluation mechanism is also included for rejecting uplink for failed data evaluation.
And the application and interface layer 850 is used for completing data management and platform configuration functions, and providing registration, login, intelligent contract release, food traceability information interface and external system integration interface of members in the chain.
The efficient and credible food quality safety traceability system completes the design and realization of the model, and the functions of the traceability system comprise member access on a chain, consumer traceability record query, uplink data credibility measurement evaluation, food production process traceability based on a private chain, food circulation process traceability based on an alliance chain and the like.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the traceability information can be ensured to be real, reliable and not to be falsified on the premise of solving the traceability efficiency, meanwhile, the privacy protection is realized, the business benefits of all the members on the chain are protected, and the problems of the traditional product traceability system that the positions of related liability people and problem links are difficult are solved.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the equivalent replacement or change according to the technical solution and the modified concept of the present invention should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A food production process tracing method based on a private chain is characterized in that a consensus node adopts the following private chain consensus mechanism to judge whether consensus is achieved:
setting each department in the food production process as a candidate set and a follower set according to reliability and stability, determining a leader node and a candidate node from the candidate set according to an RAFT algorithm, and setting other consensus nodes except a supervisor node as follower nodes;
establishing a supervisor node for collecting feedback of calculation results of the leader node and the follower node so as to judge the problem node and update the candidate set and the follower set;
the leader node arranges and packs the received uplink data information of the request into a block, broadcasts the block to the whole network and requests for verification; the follower node verifies the block broadcasted by the leader node according to the uplink data requested by the follower node and broadcasts the verification result in the whole network;
if the leader node receives the approval message of the follower node, the whole network broadcasting block is linked up;
and the supervisor node records all nodes with feedback errors and supervises.
2. The private chain-based food production process traceability method of claim 1, wherein if the node with feedback error is a node in the candidate set, it is moved out of the candidate set; and if the node is the following node, judging the node as a malicious node.
3. The private chain-based food production process traceability method of claim 1, further comprising a food circulation process traceability process, wherein the food circulation process traceability process comprises:
the accounting node generates food traceability data and submits the traceability data to a server corresponding to the accounting node;
the accounting node generates a tracing record according to the tracing data, submits the tracing record to the alliance chain and broadcasts the tracing record in a full chain, forms a ring with the accounting node and other parts or all accounting nodes, and carries out ring signature on the broadcasted tracing record;
the verification node obtains current tracing data according to the address identification of the server corresponding to the accounting node in the tracing record through the tracing record verified by the ring signature;
the verification node inquires historical traceability records in the block chain according to the food identifiers in the traceability records, acquires address identifier sets of servers corresponding to the food identifiers according to the historical traceability records, acquires historical traceability data corresponding to the food according to the address identifier sets, and verifies the effectiveness of the historical traceability data;
the verification node carries out aggregated signature on the verification result;
the data processing node receives the verification results of the tracing records from the verification nodes, carries out aggregate signature verification when the received verification results reach a certain number, carries out consensus judgment on the monitored verification results according to a consensus algorithm,
when the number of the verification results is monitored to meet the consensus requirement, judging that the consensus result is the consensus, passing the verification, storing the tracing record into a block chain, and broadcasting the consensus result so that other accounting nodes store the tracing record into the block according to the consensus result; otherwise, judging that the consensus result is that the consensus can not be achieved, failing to pass the verification, and discarding the tracing record.
4. A food circulation process tracing method based on a alliance chain is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the accounting node generates tracing data and submits the tracing data to a server corresponding to the accounting node;
the accounting node generates a tracing record according to the tracing data, submits the tracing record to the alliance chain and broadcasts the tracing record in a full chain, forms a ring with the accounting node and other parts or all accounting nodes, and carries out ring signature on the broadcasted tracing record;
the verification node obtains current tracing data according to the address identification of the server corresponding to the accounting node in the tracing record through the tracing record verified by the ring signature;
the verification node inquires historical traceability records in the block chain according to the food identifiers in the traceability records, acquires address identifier sets of servers corresponding to the food identifiers according to the historical traceability records, acquires historical traceability data corresponding to the food according to the address identifier sets, and verifies the effectiveness of the historical traceability data;
the verification node carries out aggregated signature on the verification result;
the data processing node receives the verification results of the tracing records from the verification nodes, carries out aggregate signature verification when the received verification results reach a certain number, carries out consensus judgment on the monitored verification results according to the alliance chain consensus algorithm,
when the number of the verification results is monitored to meet the consensus requirement, judging that the consensus result is the consensus, passing the verification, storing the tracing record into a block chain, and broadcasting the consensus result so that other accounting nodes store the tracing record into the block according to the consensus result; otherwise, judging that the consensus result is that the consensus can not be achieved, failing to pass the verification, and discarding the tracing record.
5. A federation chain-based food circulation process traceability method of claim 4, wherein the federation chain consensus algorithm comprises:
randomly selecting one verification node as an agenda in each round of consensus, wherein other verification nodes are agendas, p is a current agenda number and the agenda number is i, generating a block in each round of consensus, and attaching signatures of at least n-f verification nodes, wherein n is the number of the verification nodes, f is the number of the verification nodes which do not pass the current record verification, the time interval of generating the block each time is t, the height of the current block is h, the current data number is v, and the current data is marked as block,
the step of carrying out aggregation signature on the verification result by the verification node comprises the following steps:
the agenda sends after a time t<Request,h,v,p,block,<block>σp>Wherein, the Request represents an initiation Request,<block>σpan aggregate signature verified by a block for an agenda in the consensus algorithm;
the agenda i sends the proposal if the proposal is verified after receiving the proposal<Response,h,v,i,<block>σi>Wherein, Response indicates to perform message feedback,<block>σithe cluster signature verified by block for an adversary i in the consensus algorithm;
the steps that a data processing node receives verification results of tracing records from a verification node, when the received verification results reach a certain number, aggregate signature verification is carried out, and consensus judgment is carried out on the monitored verification results according to a consensus algorithm comprise the following steps:
the data processing node receives at least n-f<block>σiThen, the consensus is achieved, the aggregate signature verification is carried out, and if the aggregate signature verification passes, the complete block is issued to the alliance chain;
confirm the next agreement and start the next round of consensus.
6. The federation chain-based food circulation process traceability method of claim 5, wherein the chairman is determined based on block height.
7. A food production process traceability device based on a private chain is characterized by comprising:
the node establishment module is used for setting each department in the food production process as a candidate set and a follower set according to reliability and stability, determining a leader node and a candidate node from the candidate set according to a RAFT algorithm, and setting other consensus nodes except a supervisor node as follower nodes;
establishing a supervisor node for collecting feedback of calculation results of the leader node and the follower node so as to judge the problem node and update the candidate set and the follower set;
the verification module is used for arranging and packaging the received uplink data information of the request into a block by the leader node, broadcasting the block to the whole network and requesting verification; the follower node verifies the block broadcasted by the leader node according to the uplink data requested by the follower node and broadcasts the verification result in the whole network,
a commit module wherein if the leader node receives an approval message from the follower node, the all-network broadcast block is uplink;
and the supervision module is used for recording all nodes with feedback errors by the supervisor node and supervising.
8. A food circulation process traceability device based on a alliance chain is characterized by comprising:
the traceability data submitting module is used for generating traceability data by the accounting node and submitting the traceability data to a server corresponding to the accounting node;
the system comprises a ring signature module, a billing node and a federation chain, wherein the billing node generates a traceability record according to traceability data, submits the traceability record to the federation chain and broadcasts the traceability record in a full chain, forms a ring with the billing node and other parts or all billing nodes, and performs ring signature on the broadcasted traceability record;
the tracing data verification module is used for verifying the tracing record passing the ring signature verification by the verification node and acquiring the current tracing data according to the address identifier of the server corresponding to the accounting node in the tracing record; the verification node inquires historical traceability records in the block chain according to the food identifiers in the traceability records, acquires address identifier sets of servers corresponding to the food identifiers according to the historical traceability records, acquires historical traceability data corresponding to the food according to the address identifier sets, and verifies the effectiveness of the historical traceability data;
the verification node aggregation signature module is used for performing aggregation signature on a verification result by the verification node;
a data processing node aggregate signature module, wherein the data processing node receives the verification result of the tracing record from the verification node, when the received verification result reaches a certain number, the aggregate signature verification is carried out,
the consensus judgment module is used for judging that the consensus result is consensus when the number of the verification results reaches the consensus requirement, the verification is passed, the traceability records are stored in the block chain, and the consensus result is broadcasted at the same time, so that other accounting nodes store the traceability records in the blocks of the other accounting nodes according to the consensus result; otherwise, judging that the consensus result is that the consensus can not be achieved, failing to pass the verification, and discarding the tracing record.
9. A food quality safety tracing system based on a credible double chain is characterized by comprising:
the system comprises a chain member access module, a chain member initial credit degree model and a chain member credit degree updating model, wherein the chain member access module is used for establishing the chain member initial credit degree model and the chain member credit degree updating model;
the consumer tracing record query module is used for acquiring each historical tracing record corresponding to the food identifier according to the food identifier query block chain after receiving a food identifier query request sent by the client, and feeding back a final query result to the consumer;
the uplink data credibility measurement evaluation module is used for establishing a credit measurement model of the members on the chain, carrying out credit evaluation on the members on the chain and acquiring the credit of the members on the chain; then, establishing a data quality model, and measuring the uplink data quality; finally, on the basis, a chain data credibility measurement model is established, and credibility measurement is carried out on the chain data;
the private chain-based food production process traceability device of claim 7;
a federation chain-based food circulation process traceability device of claim 8.
10. A food quality safety tracing system based on a credible double chain is characterized by comprising:
a data layer encapsulating the underlying data structure and associated technology of the blockchain;
the network layer encapsulates the networking mode of each node among the block chains;
a consensus layer comprising the private chain consensus mechanism of claim 1 and the federation chain consensus mechanism of claim 4;
the contract layer is used for stipulating the participating roles, restricting the behaviors of all the roles and standardizing transaction records;
and the application and interface layer is used for completing the management of data and the configuration function of the platform.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115689595A (en) * | 2023-01-05 | 2023-02-03 | 北京市农林科学院信息技术研究中心 | Seed potato channel conflict recognition method, seed potato production tracing method and device and electronic equipment |
| CN116561231A (en) * | 2023-07-10 | 2023-08-08 | 北京银联金卡科技有限公司 | Alliance chain data processing method based on split chain technology |
| CN117893229A (en) * | 2024-03-18 | 2024-04-16 | 吉林交通职业技术学院 | Automatic beef cattle full-link traceability method based on block chain |
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2021
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115689595A (en) * | 2023-01-05 | 2023-02-03 | 北京市农林科学院信息技术研究中心 | Seed potato channel conflict recognition method, seed potato production tracing method and device and electronic equipment |
| CN115689595B (en) * | 2023-01-05 | 2023-10-20 | 北京市农林科学院信息技术研究中心 | Seed potato channeling identification method, seed potato production tracing method and device and electronic equipment |
| CN116561231A (en) * | 2023-07-10 | 2023-08-08 | 北京银联金卡科技有限公司 | Alliance chain data processing method based on split chain technology |
| CN116561231B (en) * | 2023-07-10 | 2023-09-22 | 北京银联金卡科技有限公司 | Alliance chain data processing method based on split chain technology |
| CN117893229A (en) * | 2024-03-18 | 2024-04-16 | 吉林交通职业技术学院 | Automatic beef cattle full-link traceability method based on block chain |
| CN117893229B (en) * | 2024-03-18 | 2024-05-14 | 吉林交通职业技术学院 | Automatic beef cattle full-link traceability method based on block chain |
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