CN113606867B - Air separation device and method capable of realizing interchange of internal and external oxygen compression processes - Google Patents
Air separation device and method capable of realizing interchange of internal and external oxygen compression processes Download PDFInfo
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- CN113606867B CN113606867B CN202110933284.XA CN202110933284A CN113606867B CN 113606867 B CN113606867 B CN 113606867B CN 202110933284 A CN202110933284 A CN 202110933284A CN 113606867 B CN113606867 B CN 113606867B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
- F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
- F25J3/04775—Air purification and pre-cooling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
- F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
- F25J3/0409—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression of oxygen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
- F25J3/04048—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams
- F25J3/04066—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams of oxygen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
- F25J3/04187—Cooling of the purified feed air by recuperative heat-exchange; Heat-exchange with product streams
- F25J3/04193—Division of the main heat exchange line in consecutive sections having different functions
- F25J3/04206—Division of the main heat exchange line in consecutive sections having different functions including a so-called "auxiliary vaporiser" for vaporising and producing a gaseous product
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
- F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
- F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
- F25J3/04296—Claude expansion, i.e. expanded into the main or high pressure column
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
- F25J3/04412—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flowsheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
- F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
- F25J3/04812—Different modes, i.e. "runs" of operation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
- F25J2250/30—External or auxiliary boiler-condenser in general, e.g. without a specified fluid or one fluid is not a primary air component or an intermediate fluid
- F25J2250/40—One fluid being air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
- F25J2250/30—External or auxiliary boiler-condenser in general, e.g. without a specified fluid or one fluid is not a primary air component or an intermediate fluid
- F25J2250/42—One fluid being nitrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
- F25J2250/30—External or auxiliary boiler-condenser in general, e.g. without a specified fluid or one fluid is not a primary air component or an intermediate fluid
- F25J2250/50—One fluid being oxygen
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of air separation, and particularly relates to an air separation device and method capable of realizing exchange of oxygen internal and external compression processes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of air separation, in particular to an air separation device and method capable of realizing interchange of internal and external oxygen compression processes.
Background
The air separation device must have compression system, precooling system, purification system, heat transfer system and rectification system, and the main difference of current inside and outside compression flow lies in rectification and heat transfer, and the difference of the two is as follows: an external compression flow: 1. the oxygen outlet box is in a low-pressure state, and oxygen is pressurized by the oxygen compressor and then is sent to a user; 2. after the air coming from the molecular sieve purifier is expanded by the expander, most of the air enters the middle part of the upper tower for rectification, and the other small part of the air bypasses the main heat exchanger and enters the waste nitrogen pipeline after being reheated. An internal compression process: 1. extracting main cold liquid oxygen, pressurizing the liquid oxygen to the required pressure through a liquid oxygen pump, and then directly sending the liquid oxygen to a user after the main heat exchanger is reheated to the normal temperature; 2. after the air from the molecular sieve purifier is pressurized by an air booster, one part of the air enters the lower tower after being reheated by the main heat exchanger, and the other part of the air also enters the lower tower after being adiabatically expanded by the expander.
Because the heat exchange systems and the rectification systems used in the inner compression process and the outer compression process are different in the prior art, two sets of heat exchange systems and two sets of rectification systems are arranged in the air separation device in the prior art for switching the inner compression process and the outer compression process, so that the internal structure of the air separation device is increased, the pipelines are more complex, the maintenance difficulty of equipment is increased, and the volume of the equipment is too large,
disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an air separation device and method capable of realizing the interchange of oxygen internal and external compression processes, and aims to solve the problem that two sets of heat exchange systems and two sets of rectification systems need to be installed in the conventional air separation device in the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an air separation device and method capable of realizing interchange of oxygen internal and external compression processes comprise a self-cleaning filter, a centrifugal compressor, a precooling system, a molecular purifier, an air supercharger, a turboexpander, a rectifying tower, a liquid oxygen pump, a main heat exchanger and an oxygen compressor, wherein the self-cleaning filter is connected with the centrifugal compressor through a pipeline, the centrifugal compressor is connected with the precooling system through a pipeline, and the precooling system is connected with the molecular purifier through a pipeline;
the air supercharger and the main heat exchanger are respectively connected with the molecular purifier through pipelines, the air supercharger is respectively connected with the main heat exchanger and the turboexpander through pipelines, and the turboexpander and the main heat exchanger are respectively connected with the rectifying tower through pipelines;
a nitrogen pipeline and an oxygen pipeline are connected between the rectifying tower and the main heat exchanger, a normal pressure pipeline and a pressure boosting pipeline are arranged on a body of the nitrogen pipeline, a normal pressure nitrogen discharge stop valve is arranged on the body of the normal pressure pipeline, a pressure holding valve is arranged on the body of the pressure boosting pipeline, an inner compression pipeline and an outer pressure contraction pipeline are arranged on the body of the oxygen pipeline, a liquid inlet stop valve and a liquid oxygen pump are arranged on the body of the inner compression pipeline, and a liquid outlet stop valve is arranged on the body of the outer compression pipeline;
when the internal compression process is carried out, the liquid oxygen is pumped from the upper tower of the rectifying tower by the liquid oxygen pump, the liquid oxygen enters the oxygen pipeline through the internal compression pipeline, the nitrogen enters the nitrogen pipeline through the normal pressure pipeline, when the external compression process is carried out, the liquid oxygen is extruded out of the rectifying tower by the pressure of the nitrogen in the rectifying tower, the liquid oxygen enters the oxygen pipeline from the external compression pipeline, and the nitrogen enters the nitrogen pipeline through the pressurization pipeline;
the main body of the main heat exchanger is connected with a high-pressure oxygen discharge pipeline and a low-pressure oxygen discharge pipeline, the main body of the high-pressure oxygen discharge pipeline is provided with a high-pressure oxygen discharge stop valve, and the main body of the low-pressure oxygen discharge pipeline is provided with an oxygen compressor and a low-pressure oxygen discharge stop valve;
the quantity of feed liquor stop valve and low pressure oxygen discharge stop valve is two, two the feed liquor stop valve is located the both sides of liquid oxygen pump business turn over end respectively, two the low pressure oxygen discharge stop valve is located the both sides of oxygen compressor business turn over end respectively.
Preferably, the main heat exchanger comprises a pre-heat exchanger and a positive heat exchanger, an air transmission pipeline, a nitrogen transmission pipeline and an oxygen transmission pipeline are connected between the positive heat exchangers, the low-pressure oxygen discharge pipeline is connected with the oxygen transmission pipeline, a ventilation stop valve is arranged on the body of the oxygen transmission pipeline, and the ventilation stop valve is positioned on one side close to the positive heat exchanger.
Preferably, the pre-heat exchanger and the positive heat exchanger both comprise a heat-preservation positive flow pipe, an oxygen counter flow pipe and a nitrogen counter flow pipe, the oxygen counter flow pipe and the nitrogen counter flow pipe are located in an inner cavity of the heat-preservation positive flow pipe, and the pre-heat exchanger and the positive heat exchanger are both arranged in a vortex line shape.
Preferably, the oxygen return pipe and the nitrogen return pipe of the pre-heat exchanger are both in a vortex line type, and the oxygen return pipe and the nitrogen return pipe of the positive heat exchanger are both in a spiral line type.
Preferably, the main heat exchanger is positioned below the upper tower of the rectifying tower.
A method for separating air by an air separation device capable of realizing interchange of oxygen internal and external compression flows comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: when the device normally works, external air is subjected to a self-cleaning filter to remove dust and mechanical impurities, then enters a centrifugal compressor to be compressed, then enters a precooling system to be cleaned and cooled, then enters a molecular purifier to remove moisture, carbon dioxide and hydrocarbon gas, then the air passing through the molecular purifier is divided into three parts, one part enters an instrument air system, the other part enters a main heat exchanger, the rest part enters an air supercharger, the air passing through the air supercharger is divided into two paths, wherein one path enters the upper side of a lower tower of a rectifying tower after passing through a turbo expander, and the other path enters the bottom of the lower tower of the rectifying tower after passing through the main heat exchanger;
step two: during the internal compression process, the liquid outlet stop valve and the low-pressure oxygen discharge stop valve are closed, the normal-pressure nitrogen discharge stop valve, the liquid inlet stop valve and the high-pressure oxygen discharge stop valve are opened, at the moment, the liquid oxygen pump extracts liquid oxygen from the upper tower of the rectifying tower, the liquid oxygen enters the oxygen pipeline through the internal compression pipeline, then enters the main heat exchanger and is discharged from the high-pressure oxygen discharge pipeline, and the nitrogen enters the nitrogen pipeline through the normal-pressure pipeline, then enters the main heat exchanger and is discharged;
step three: when carrying out outer compression flow, close the ordinary pressure and arrange the nitrogen stop valve, feed liquor stop valve and high-pressure oxygen discharge stop valve, open liquid stop valve and low pressure oxygen discharge stop valve, nitrogen concentration increase in the rectifying column this moment, the rectifying column internal pressure increase, pressure extrudes liquid oxygen the rectifying column this moment, liquid oxygen gets into the oxygen pipeline from external pressure shrinkage pipeline, then go into main heat exchanger, follow low pressure oxygen discharge pipeline afterwards and get into the oxygen compressor pressurization, then discharge through low pressure oxygen discharge pipeline, when rectifying column internal pressure is too big, nitrogen pressure rushes open and holds the pressure valve, nitrogen gas passes through booster pipe this moment and gets into the nitrogen pipeline, get into main heat exchanger afterwards, then discharge.
Preferably, the liquid inlet stop valve is opened and closed simultaneously, and the low-pressure oxygen discharge stop valve is opened and closed simultaneously.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) The external compression flow in the traditional air separation equipment needs to charge air into the upper tower of the rectifying tower so as to improve the air pressure in the rectifying tower, so that the hydraulic pressure in the rectifying tower is discharged through the air pressure, and the internal compression flow is formed by pressurizing and pumping out liquid oxygen by a liquid oxygen pump, so that the rectifying systems of the external compression flow and the rectifying tower cannot be combined;
2) The external compression flow and the external compression flow share one group of main heat exchangers in the heat exchange system, so that the number of the main heat exchangers can be reduced, the occupied space of the main heat exchangers is further reduced, and the structure in the air separation equipment is further reduced;
3) This device is compared in traditional air separation plant, and its structure quantity is less, so not only makes the operation comparatively simple, but also makes things convenient for the maintenance of equipment, and structure quantity reduces in addition, can also reduce the equipment volume, and then the air separation plant of being convenient for puts and installs.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an air separation process according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the gas-liquid flow direction inside the main heat exchanger according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a pre-heat exchanger according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the internal oxygen reflux tube configuration of the recuperator of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the internal nitrogen reflux tube configuration of the pre-heat exchanger of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a thermal insulating positive flow tube structure according to the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a T1 self-cleaning filter, a T2 centrifugal compressor, a T3 precooling system, a T4 molecular purifier, an E1 air supercharger, an E2 turbo expander, an E3 rectifying tower, an E4 liquid oxygen pump, an E5 main heat exchanger, an E51 heat exchanger, an E52 positive heat exchanger, an E6 oxygen compressor, a Q1 normal pressure nitrogen discharge stop valve, a Q2 pressure holding valve, a Q3 liquid inlet stop valve, a Q4 liquid outlet stop valve, a Q5 high pressure oxygen discharge stop valve, a Q6 low pressure oxygen discharge stop valve, a Q7 ventilation stop valve, an NL10 normal pressure pipeline, an NL20 pressurization pipeline, an NL30 nitrogen transmission pipeline, an OL10 internal compression pipeline, an OL11 high pressure oxygen discharge pipeline, an OL20 external compression pipeline, an OL21 low pressure oxygen discharge pipeline, an OL30 oxygen transmission pipeline, a KL air transmission pipeline, a FL1 heat preservation positive flow pipe, a FL2 oxygen backflow pipe and a FL3 nitrogen backflow pipe.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "sleeved/connected," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., "connected," which may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Example (b):
referring to fig. 1-6, the present invention provides a technical solution: an air separation device and a method capable of realizing oxygen internal and external compression flow interchange comprise a self-cleaning filter T1, a centrifugal compressor T2, a precooling system T3, a molecular purifier T4, an air supercharger E1, a turboexpander E2, a rectifying tower E3, a liquid oxygen pump E4, a main heat exchanger E5 and an oxygen compressor E6, wherein the self-cleaning filter T1 is connected with the centrifugal compressor T2 through a pipeline, the centrifugal compressor T2 is connected with the precooling system T3 through a pipeline, the precooling system T3 is connected with the molecular purifier T4 through a pipeline, a backflow pipeline is arranged on the molecular purifier T4, and the backflow pipeline is connected with the precooling system T3;
the air supercharger E1 and the main heat exchanger E5 are respectively connected with the molecular purifier T4 through pipelines, the air supercharger E1 is respectively connected with the main heat exchanger E5 and the turboexpander E2 through pipelines, the turboexpander E2 and the main heat exchanger E5 are respectively connected with the rectifying tower E3 through pipelines, the rectifying tower E3 comprises an upper tower, a lower tower, a condensing evaporator and a reboiler, the turboexpander E2 is connected with the lower tower top of the rectifying tower E3 through a pipeline, the main heat exchanger E5 is connected with the lower tower bottom of the rectifying tower E3 through a pipeline, the lower tower top of the rectifying tower E3 is also connected with the molecular purifier T4 through a pipeline, and the waste nitrogen gas at the lower tower top of the rectifying tower E3 flows back to the molecular purifier T4 through the pipeline;
a nitrogen pipeline and an oxygen pipeline are connected between the rectifying tower E3 and the main heat exchanger E5, the nitrogen pipeline comprises two parts, the labels of the two parts are NL1 and NL2, the label of the oxygen pipeline is OL1, a normal pressure pipeline NL10 and a pressurization pipeline NL20 are arranged on the body of the nitrogen pipeline, the left ends of the normal pressure pipeline NL10 and the pressurization pipeline NL20 are connected with a condensation evaporator of the rectifying tower E3 through the nitrogen pipeline NL1, the right ends of the normal pressure pipeline NL10 and the pressurization pipeline NL20 are connected with the main heat exchanger E5 through the nitrogen pipeline NL2, a normal pressure nitrogen discharge stop valve Q1 is arranged on the body of the normal pressure pipeline NL10, a pressure holding valve Q2 is arranged on the body of the pressurization pipeline NL20, an inner compression pipeline OL10 and an outer compression pipeline OL20 are arranged on the body of the oxygen pipeline, a main cold plate is arranged inside the rectifying tower E3, the left end of the inner compression pipeline OL10 is connected with a main cold plate inside the rectifying tower E3, the left end of the outer compression pipeline OL20 is connected with a main cold plate inside the rectifying tower E3, a liquid inlet pipe reboiler Q4 is arranged on the body of the oxygen pipeline 10, and a liquid inlet pipe reboiler 20 are arranged on the heat exchanger E4;
during the internal compression process, the liquid oxygen pump E4 extracts liquid oxygen from the upper tower of the rectifying tower E3, the liquid oxygen enters the oxygen pipeline through the internal compression pipeline OL10, nitrogen enters the nitrogen pipeline through the normal pressure pipeline NL10, during the external compression process, the liquid oxygen is extruded out of the rectifying tower E3 by the nitrogen pressure in the rectifying tower E3, the liquid oxygen enters the oxygen pipeline from the external compression pipeline OL20, and the nitrogen enters the nitrogen pipeline through the pressurization pipeline NL 20;
the main body of the main heat exchanger E5 is connected with a high-pressure oxygen exhaust pipeline OL11, a low-pressure oxygen exhaust pipeline OL21 and a nitrogen exhaust pipeline NL3, the high-pressure oxygen exhaust pipeline OL11 is provided with a high-pressure oxygen exhaust stop valve Q5, the low-pressure oxygen exhaust pipeline OL21 is provided with an oxygen compressor E6 and a low-pressure oxygen exhaust stop valve Q6, and the other ends of the high-pressure oxygen exhaust pipeline OL11 and the low-pressure oxygen exhaust pipeline OL21 are connected with an output pipeline OL2 and then sent into a user pipeline through the output pipeline OL 2.
The quantity of feed liquor stop valve Q3 and low pressure oxygen discharge stop valve Q6 is two, two feed liquor stop valves Q3 are located the both sides of liquid oxygen pump E4 business turn over end respectively, close two feed liquor stop valves Q3 and can avoid liquid oxygen to get into interior compression pipeline OL10 from the both sides of interior compression pipeline OL10, two low pressure oxygen discharge stop valves Q6 are located the both sides of oxygen compressor E6 business turn over end respectively, close two low pressure oxygen discharge stop valves Q6 and can avoid liquid oxygen to get into low pressure oxygen discharge pipeline OL21 from the both sides of low pressure oxygen discharge pipeline OL21.
The main heat exchanger E5 comprises a pre-heat exchanger E51 and a positive heat exchanger E52, an air transmission pipeline KL, a nitrogen transmission pipeline NL30 and an oxygen transmission pipeline OL30 are connected between the positive heat exchangers E52, a low-pressure oxygen exhaust pipeline OL21 is connected with the oxygen transmission pipeline OL30, a ventilation stop valve Q7 is arranged on the body of the oxygen transmission pipeline OL30, the ventilation stop valve Q7 is located on one side close to the positive heat exchanger E52, high temperature can be generated when the oxygen compressor E6 works, the oxygen compressor E6 is easy to damage when the temperature is too high, when an external compression process is carried out, the speed of liquid oxygen entering the main heat exchanger E5 is slow, the liquid oxygen is easy to be reheated at the main heat exchanger E5, the main heat exchanger E5 is divided into the pre-heat exchanger E51 and the positive heat exchanger E52, and when the external compression process is carried out, the liquid oxygen only passes through the pre-heat exchanger E51, so that the liquid oxygen can be kept at a low temperature after being reheated and vaporized, and the oxygen compressor E6 can be cooled by the gas oxygen during working.
The pre-heat exchanger E51 and the front heat exchanger E52 respectively comprise a heat-preservation positive flow pipe FL1, an oxygen reverse flow pipe FL2 and a nitrogen reverse flow pipe FL3, the oxygen reverse flow pipe FL2 and the nitrogen reverse flow pipe FL3 of the pre-heat exchanger E51 are both positioned in the inner cavity of the heat-preservation positive flow pipe FL1 of the pre-heat exchanger E51, the oxygen reverse flow pipe FL2 and the nitrogen reverse flow pipe FL3 of the front heat exchanger E52 are both positioned in the inner cavity of the heat-preservation positive flow pipe FL1 of the front heat exchanger E52, the pre-heat exchanger E51 and the front heat exchanger E52 are both arranged in a vortex line type, the occupied space of the pre-heat exchanger E51 and the front heat exchanger E52 can be reduced by arranging the pre-heat exchanger E51 and the front heat exchanger E52 in a vortex line type, and the volume of air separation equipment can be further reduced.
The oxygen counter flow tube FL2 and the nitrogen counter flow tube FL3 of the pre-heat exchanger E51 are both in a vortex line type, so that the floor space of the pre-heat exchanger E51 can be reduced, and the oxygen counter flow tube FL2 and the nitrogen counter flow tube FL3 of the positive heat exchanger E52 are both in a spiral line type, so that the contact area between the oxygen counter flow tube FL2 and the nitrogen counter flow tube FL3 and the air in the heat-preservation positive flow tube FL1 can be increased, and the air in the heat-preservation positive flow tube FL1 can be fully cooled.
The main heat exchanger E5 is positioned below the upper tower of the rectifying tower E3, so that liquid oxygen in the rectifying tower E3 can conveniently enter the main heat exchanger E5 under the action of gravity.
A method for separating air by an air separation device capable of realizing interchange of oxygen internal and external compression flows comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: during normal operation, external air is subjected to dust and mechanical impurities removal after passing through a self-cleaning filter T1, then enters a centrifugal compressor T2 for compression, then enters a precooling system T3 for cleaning and cooling, then enters a molecular purifier T4 for removing moisture, carbon dioxide and hydrocarbon gas, then passes through the molecular purifier T4 and is divided into three parts, one part enters an instrument air system, the other part enters a main heat exchanger E5, the rest part enters an air supercharger E1, the air passing through the air supercharger E1 is divided into two paths, one path enters the upper side of the lower tower of a rectifying tower E3 after passing through a turboexpander E2, and the other path enters the bottom of the lower tower of the rectifying tower E3 after passing through the main heat exchanger E5;
step two: when carrying out interior compression flow, close liquid stop valve Q4 and low pressure oxygen discharge stop valve Q6, open ordinary pressure nitrogen discharge stop valve Q1, feed liquor stop valve Q3 and high pressure oxygen discharge stop valve Q5, liquid oxygen pump E4 extracts liquid oxygen in the last tower of rectifying column E3 this moment, liquid oxygen gets into the oxygen pipeline through interior compression pipeline OL10, then go into main heat exchanger E5 and reheat vaporization, gas oxygen is followed high pressure oxygen discharge pipeline OL11 and is discharged afterwards, nitrogen gas then gets into the nitrogen gas pipeline through ordinary pressure pipeline NL10, get into main heat exchanger E5 afterwards, then discharge, the route of discharging of oxygen in the interior compression flow: the rectification tower E3 → the inner compression conduit OL10 → the oxygen conduit OL1 → the pre-heat exchanger E51 → the oxygen transfer conduit OL30 → the positive heat exchanger E52 → the high pressure oxygen discharge conduit OL11 → the output conduit OL2, the discharge route of the nitrogen gas in the inner compression flow path: rectification column E3 → nitrogen line NL1 → atmospheric line NL10 → nitrogen line NL2 → pre-heat exchanger E51 → nitrogen transfer line NL30 → positive heat exchanger E52 → nitrogen discharge line NL3;
step three: when carrying out the outer compression flow, close ordinary pressure nitrogen discharge stop valve Q1, liquid inlet stop valve Q3 and high pressure oxygen discharge stop valve Q5, open liquid outlet stop valve Q4 and low pressure oxygen discharge stop valve Q6, nitrogen concentration increases in rectifying column E3 this moment, the pressure increase in rectifying column E3, pressure extrudes liquid oxygen rectifying column E3 this moment, liquid oxygen gets into the oxygen pipeline from external pressure shrinkage pipeline OL20, then it is vaporized by the reheat to get into main heat exchanger E5, follow low pressure oxygen discharge pipeline OL21 and get into oxygen compressor E6 pressurization afterwards, then discharge through low pressure oxygen discharge pipeline OL21 again, when rectifying column E3 internal pressure is too big, pressure holding valve Q2 is flushed to nitrogen pressure, nitrogen gas gets into the nitrogen pipeline through pressure-increasing pipeline NL20 this moment, get into main heat exchanger E5 afterwards, then discharge, the discharge route of oxygen in the outer compression flow: rectifying tower E3 → external compression pipeline OL20 → oxygen pipeline OL1 → pre-heat exchanger E51 → oxygen transfer pipeline OL30 → low pressure oxygen discharge pipeline OL21 → output pipeline OL2, and the discharge route of nitrogen in the external compression flow: rectification column E3 → nitrogen line NL1 → pressure increasing line NL20 → nitrogen line NL2 → pre-heat exchanger E51 → nitrogen transfer line NL30 → positive heat exchanger E52 → nitrogen discharge line NL3.
The two liquid inlet stop valves Q3 are opened and closed simultaneously, and the two low-pressure oxygen discharge stop valves Q6 are opened and closed simultaneously.
While there have been shown and described the fundamental principles and essential features of the invention and advantages thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but is capable of other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof; the present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein, and any reference signs in the claims are not intended to be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides an air separation plant that can realize inside and outside compression flow of oxygen exchanges, includes self-cleaning filter (T1), centrifugal compressor (T2), precooling system (T3), molecular purification ware (T4), air booster compressor (E1), turboexpander (E2), rectifying column (E3), liquid oxygen pump (E4), main heat exchanger (E5) and oxygen compressor (E6), its characterized in that: the self-cleaning filter (T1) is connected with a centrifugal compressor (T2) through a pipeline, the centrifugal compressor (T2) is connected with a precooling system (T3) through a pipeline, and the precooling system (T3) is connected with a molecular purifier (T4) through a pipeline;
the air supercharger (E1) and the main heat exchanger (E5) are respectively connected with the molecular purifier (T4) through pipelines, the air supercharger (E1) is respectively connected with the main heat exchanger (E5) and the turboexpander (E2) through pipelines, and the turboexpander (E2) and the main heat exchanger (E5) are respectively connected with the rectifying tower (E3) through pipelines;
a nitrogen pipeline and an oxygen pipeline are connected between the rectifying tower (E3) and the main heat exchanger (E5), a normal-pressure pipeline (NL 10) and a pressurizing pipeline (NL 20) are arranged on a body of the nitrogen pipeline, a normal-pressure nitrogen discharging stop valve (Q1) is arranged on the body of the normal-pressure pipeline (NL 10), a pressure holding valve (Q2) is arranged on the body of the pressurizing pipeline (NL 20), an inner compression pipeline (OL 10) and an outer compression pipeline (OL 20) are arranged on a body of the oxygen pipeline, a liquid inlet stop valve (Q3) and a liquid oxygen pump (E4) are arranged on the body of the inner compression pipeline (OL 10), and a liquid outlet stop valve (Q4) is arranged on the body of the outer compression pipeline (OL 20);
when the internal compression process is carried out, liquid oxygen is pumped from the upper tower of the rectifying tower (E3) by a liquid oxygen pump (E4), the liquid oxygen enters an oxygen pipeline through an internal compression pipeline (OL 10), nitrogen enters a nitrogen pipeline through a normal pressure pipeline (NL 10), when the external compression process is carried out, the liquid oxygen is extruded out of the rectifying tower (E3) by the pressure of the nitrogen in the rectifying tower (E3), the liquid oxygen enters the oxygen pipeline from an external compression pipeline (OL 20), and the nitrogen enters the nitrogen pipeline through a pressurization pipeline (NL 20);
a high-pressure oxygen discharge pipeline (OL 11) and a low-pressure oxygen discharge pipeline (OL 21) are connected to the body of the main heat exchanger (E5), a high-pressure oxygen discharge stop valve (Q5) is arranged on the body of the high-pressure oxygen discharge pipeline (OL 11), and an oxygen compressor (E6) and a low-pressure oxygen discharge stop valve (Q6) are arranged on the body of the low-pressure oxygen discharge pipeline (OL 21);
the quantity of feed liquor stop valve (Q3) and low pressure oxygen discharge stop valve (Q6) is two, two feed liquor stop valve (Q3) is located the both sides of liquid oxygen pump (E4) business turn over end respectively, two oxygen discharge stop valve (Q6) is located the both sides of oxygen compressor (E6) business turn over end respectively in the low pressure.
2. The air separation plant capable of realizing interchange of internal and external oxygen compression processes of claim 1, wherein: the main heat exchanger (E5) comprises a pre-heat exchanger (E51) and a positive heat exchanger (E52), an air transmission pipeline (KL), a nitrogen transmission pipeline (NL 30) and an oxygen transmission pipeline (OL 30) are connected between the positive heat exchanger (E52), the low-pressure oxygen discharge pipeline (OL 21) is connected with the oxygen transmission pipeline (OL 30), a ventilation stop valve (Q7) is arranged on the body of the oxygen transmission pipeline (OL 30), and the ventilation stop valve (Q7) is located on one side close to the positive heat exchanger (E52).
3. An air separation plant capable of achieving interchange of internal and external oxygen compression processes according to claim 2, wherein: the preheating device is characterized in that the preheating device (E51) and the positive heat exchanger (E52) comprise a heat-preservation positive flow pipe (FL 1), an oxygen reverse flow pipe (FL 2) and a nitrogen reverse flow pipe (FL 3), the oxygen reverse flow pipe (FL 2) and the nitrogen reverse flow pipe (FL 3) are located in an inner cavity of the heat-preservation positive flow pipe (FL 1), and the preheating device (E51) and the positive heat exchanger (E52) are both arranged in a vortex line type.
4. An air separation plant capable of achieving interchange of internal and external oxygen compression processes according to claim 3, wherein: the oxygen return pipe (FL 2) and the nitrogen return pipe (FL 3) of the pre-heat exchanger (E51) are both in a vortex line type, and the oxygen return pipe (FL 2) and the nitrogen return pipe (FL 3) of the positive heat exchanger (E52) are both in a spiral line type.
5. The air separation plant capable of realizing interchange of internal and external oxygen compression processes of claim 1, wherein: the main heat exchanger (E5) is positioned below the upper tower of the rectifying tower (E3).
6. A method for separating air in an air separation plant capable of achieving interchange of oxygen gas inside and outside compression flow paths according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the method for separating air by the air separation device capable of realizing interchange of the internal and external oxygen compression flows comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: during normal work, outside air is subjected to dust and mechanical impurities removal after passing through a self-cleaning filter (T1), then enters a centrifugal compressor (T2) for compression, then enters a precooling system (T3) for cleaning and cooling, then enters a molecular purifier (T4) for removing moisture, carbon dioxide and hydrocarbon gas, then passes through the molecular purifier (T4) and is divided into three parts, one part enters an instrument air system, the other part enters a main heat exchanger (E5), the rest enters an air supercharger (E1), air passing through the air supercharger (E1) is divided into two paths, one path passes through a turbo expander (E2) and then enters the upper side of the lower tower of a rectifying tower (E3), and the other path passes through the main heat exchanger (E5) and then enters the bottom of the lower tower of the rectifying tower (E3);
step two: when an internal compression process is carried out, the liquid outlet stop valve (Q4) and the low-pressure oxygen discharge stop valve (Q6) are closed, the normal-pressure nitrogen discharge stop valve (Q1), the liquid inlet stop valve (Q3) and the high-pressure oxygen discharge stop valve (Q5) are opened, the liquid oxygen pump (E4) extracts liquid oxygen from the upper tower of the rectifying tower (E3), the liquid oxygen enters an oxygen pipeline through the internal compression pipeline (OL 10), then enters the main heat exchanger (E5), and then is discharged from the high-pressure oxygen discharge pipeline (OL 11), and nitrogen enters a nitrogen pipeline through the normal-pressure pipeline (NL 10), then enters the main heat exchanger (E5) and is then discharged;
step three: when carrying out the outer compression flow, close ordinary pressure nitrogen discharge stop valve (Q1), liquid inlet stop valve (Q3) and high-pressure oxygen discharge stop valve (Q5), open liquid outlet stop valve (Q4) and low pressure oxygen discharge stop valve (Q6), nitrogen gas concentration increases in rectifying column (E3) this moment, rectifying column (E3) internal pressure increase is extruded to pressure this moment liquid oxygen, liquid oxygen gets into the oxygen pipeline from external pressure shrink pipeline (OL 20), then enter main heat exchanger (E5), follow low pressure oxygen discharge pipeline (OL 21) entering oxygen compressor (E6) pressurization afterwards, then discharge through low pressure oxygen discharge pipeline (OL 21), when rectifying column (E3) internal pressure is too big, nitrogen gas pressure washes open and holds pressure valve (Q2), nitrogen gas gets into the nitrogen gas pipeline through pressure boost pipeline (NL 20) this moment, subsequently get into main heat exchanger (E5), then discharge.
7. The method for separating air in an air separation plant capable of achieving interchange of oxygen gas inside and outside compression flow paths as claimed in claim 6, wherein: two the feed liquor stop valve (Q3) is with opening with closing, two low pressure oxygen discharge stop valve (Q6) is with opening with closing.
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