CN113605981B - Tunnel convergence deformation on-line monitoring system and method - Google Patents
Tunnel convergence deformation on-line monitoring system and method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 189
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 120
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011345 viscous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
- B05B12/08—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means
- B05B12/085—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means responsive to flow or pressure of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
- B05B12/08—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means
- B05B12/12—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means responsive to conditions of ambient medium or target, e.g. humidity, temperature position or movement of the target relative to the spray apparatus
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
- B05B12/16—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for controlling the spray area
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F11/00—Rescue devices or other safety devices, e.g. safety chambers or escape ways
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/32—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring the deformation in a solid
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel monitoring, and particularly relates to a tunnel convergence deformation on-line monitoring system and method, wherein the method comprises the following steps: a data acquisition step, namely acquiring construction data and geographic data of a tunnel; a point position analysis step of analyzing the construction data to obtain scanning point positions and analyzing the construction data and the geographic data to obtain special monitoring point positions; a monitoring and installing step, namely installing a scanning device at a scanning point position and installing a monitoring sensor at a special monitoring point position; a strain analysis step, namely carrying out overall convergence analysis according to the scanning data of the scanning device, and carrying out special convergence analysis of special points according to the feedback data of the monitoring sensor; and extracting a convergence analysis result of the special monitoring point in the overall convergence analysis, comparing the convergence analysis result with the corresponding special convergence analysis, and if the comparison result exceeds a preset value, sending out an abnormal prompt. The application can promote the convenience of monitoring on the basis of control cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel monitoring, and particularly relates to a tunnel convergence deformation on-line monitoring system and method.
Background
The tunnel convergence deformation refers to tunnel deformation caused by the influences of ground, surrounding building load and soil disturbance, tunnel surrounding engineering construction, tunnel engineering structure construction, train operation vibration and the like in the operation process of the tunnel. By monitoring tunnel convergence, the safety of tunnel construction and operation can be improved, and disaster accidents can be reduced.
At present, the main methods for monitoring the convergence deformation of the tunnel are a contact type monitoring method and a non-contact type monitoring method. The contact monitoring method is mainly to arrange the inclination sensors around the tunnel according to a certain arrangement mode, so as to directly acquire deformation data of position data of the tunnel. The monitoring data of the contact type monitoring is accurate, but a large amount of manpower and material resources are consumed in the installation stage of the sensor, the construction period is long, and the cost of the method is too high when the body of the tunnel is large. The non-contact monitoring rule is to analyze the scanning data after the scanning data in the tunnel are acquired by the scanning equipment such as the total station, so as to judge the convergence deformation condition of the tunnel. The non-contact method is low in cost, but the scanning device is greatly affected by the environment (such as water mist), the reliability is low, the non-contact method is required to maintain high reliability, the scanning environment is required to be detected and confirmed by a worker before each scanning, and the operation is troublesome.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an on-line monitoring method for tunnel convergence deformation, which can improve the monitoring convenience on the basis of controlling the cost.
The basic scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
an on-line monitoring method for tunnel convergence deformation comprises the following steps:
a data acquisition step, namely acquiring construction data and geographic data of a tunnel;
a point position analysis step of analyzing the construction data to obtain scanning point positions and analyzing the construction data and the geographic data to obtain special monitoring point positions;
a monitoring and installing step, namely installing a scanning device at a scanning point position and installing a monitoring sensor at a special monitoring point position;
a strain analysis step, namely carrying out overall convergence analysis according to the scanning data of the scanning device, and carrying out special convergence analysis of special points according to the feedback data of the monitoring sensor; and extracting a convergence analysis result of the special monitoring point in the overall convergence analysis, comparing the convergence analysis result with the corresponding special convergence analysis, and if the comparison result exceeds a preset value, sending out an abnormal prompt.
Basic scheme theory of operation and beneficial effect:
by using the method, the construction data (such as the size data of the section of the tunnel) of the tunnel and the geographic data (such as the mountain soil layer of each section of the tunnel) of the tunnel are collected first. Then, according to the construction data analysis of the tunnel, the scanning point positions are obtained, namely the point positions where the scanning device is installed, and the scanning device can completely scan the tunnel through the position; and analyzing special monitoring points according to the construction data and the geographic data, namely the positions where convergence deformation is easy to occur.
Installing a scanning device at a scanning point, installing a monitoring sensor at a special monitoring point, and performing overall convergence analysis according to scanning data of the scanning device when performing convergence analysis, namely performing convergence analysis on all parts of a tunnel; and performing special convergence analysis on the special point positions according to the feedback data of the monitoring sensor, namely performing convergence analysis on the special monitoring point positions. And then, extracting convergence analysis results of the special monitoring points in the overall convergence analysis, comparing the convergence analysis results with the corresponding special convergence analysis, in other words, comparing the two convergence analysis results of the same position (the special monitoring points), if the comparison results exceed a preset value, the monitoring results of the two monitoring modes are greatly different, and the scanning device is greatly influenced by the environment because the monitoring data of the monitoring sensor are relatively stable, so that the environment of the special point area can be considered to cause interference to the scanning device and needs to be processed. Therefore, the abnormal reminding is sent out, and after the environment of the area is processed by the manager, the whole scanning and analysis are carried out again, so that the whole monitoring accuracy is ensured. Because the environment abnormality does not always exist, most of the time, the monitoring environment is relatively stable, and in such a way, staff does not need to probe and confirm the scanning environment before scanning each time, so that the monitoring convenience can be effectively improved.
Meanwhile, in the whole process, the data of the special monitoring point positions are directly collected by using the monitoring sensor, so that the monitoring effectiveness of the special monitoring point positions can be maintained even under the condition that the environment in the tunnel is abnormal. Compared with the conventional area, the probability of convergence deformation of the special monitoring point location is much larger, and in this way, the monitoring effectiveness of the special monitoring point location with higher monitoring priority can be always maintained. Compared with a full tunnel paving monitoring sensor, the sensor can save a great deal of cost.
In conclusion, the method can improve the monitoring convenience on the basis of controlling the cost, and can continuously maintain the reliability of the monitoring result of the special monitoring point.
Further, in the strain analysis step, when the comparison result exceeds a preset value, the position of the corresponding special monitoring point is also extracted as an environment abnormal position; the content of the anomaly alert includes the location of the environmental anomaly.
The staff can lock the area needing to be processed according to the abnormal position of the environment, so that the abnormal environment can be processed more quickly and conveniently.
Further, the construction data comprises the length, the curvature and the section size of the tunnel; the geographic data comprises tunnel position, mountain position, geographic position and soil property.
Through the data, the characteristics of the tunnel can be comprehensively analyzed, and the comprehensiveness and effectiveness of the scanning point positions and the special monitoring point positions are ensured.
In the monitoring and installing step, a stress-strain sensor, a local controller, an emergency spraying device and a camera device are also installed at the special monitoring point; the emergency spraying device comprises a rotating part, a loading cavity and a spraying opening, quick-drying strong adhesive materials are loaded in the loading cavity, and the local controller is respectively and electrically connected with the stress-strain sensor, the emergency spraying device and the camera device;
the method comprises the steps of monitoring data of a stress-strain sensor through a local controller, controlling the camera device to work and uploading camera data in real time if feedback data of the stress-strain sensor exceeds a preset value, analyzing a spraying range and a spraying amount according to the monitoring data of the stress-strain sensor exceeding the preset value to generate an emergency spraying scheme, and controlling the emergency spraying device to spray quick-dry strong adhesive materials according to the emergency spraying scheme.
The beneficial effects are that:
the stress-strain sensor can monitor stress-strain data of a special monitoring point in real time, and the local controller performs data analysis, and when feedback data of the stress-strain sensor exceeds a preset value, the risk of collapse/falling rocks is indicated. Therefore, the local controller operates according to the control of the image pickup device and uploads the image pickup data in real time. Although there is only a risk, once collapse occurs, rescue is involved later, and the searching efficiency during rescue is directly related to the injury degree of trapped personnel and even life safety. By controlling the imaging device of the special monitoring point to upload imaging data, the movement of people in the collapse area in the collapse process can be known, the search and rescue range can be greatly reduced during subsequent search and rescue, the accuracy of the subsequent search and rescue is convenient to improve, and for search and rescue, one minute of search and rescue success is early, and one unfortunate person or serious wounded person is likely to be less. If an imaging device in another area is used, there may be a case where the shot screen is not full. If the time-lapse uploading is used, the camera device is likely to be destroyed during collapse, so that the image data in the collapse process is lost.
In addition, the local controller can analyze the spraying range and the spraying amount according to the monitoring data of the stress-strain sensor exceeding the preset value to generate an emergency spraying scheme, and control the emergency spraying device to spray quick-dry strong adhesive materials according to the emergency spraying scheme. Since the collapse/falling of the tunnel usually begins from the internal cracking, the falling or collapse of the stone is generated after the cracking is completed, and when the abnormality is found through the emergency spraying device, the quick-drying strong adhesive material is sprayed on the corresponding area in the tunnel, which is equivalent to increasing the tension on the cracking area, and the process of the collapse/falling of the stone can be slowed down through the tension. Although the time of the process can be very short, even one second delay is more hopeful for the danger personnel.
Many times the rock is not dropped vertically when collapse occurs, and many times the critical analysis material takes a significant amount of time to search, and the results of the search are not guaranteed. In the method, as the quick-drying strong adhesive material is sprayed on the cracking area, after an accident occurs, workers can quickly lock concrete stones with the accident according to the quick-drying strong adhesive material, so that the accident reduction analysis is conveniently carried out on the concrete stones, and a reference is provided for risk protection of similar road sections.
In summary, by using the method, the escape time of the personnel involved in the emergency situation of collapse/falling stone can be increased, the search and rescue range can be shortened, and the search and rescue efficiency and success rate can be improved. And the key stones can be found out quickly, and the accident reduction analysis can be carried out.
Further, in the monitoring and installing step, an alarm device is installed in the range of the front and rear predicted distances of the special monitoring point position; in the collapse analysis processing step, after the spraying range and the spraying quantity are analyzed to generate an emergency spraying scheme, the local controller also controls the alarm device to send out an alarm.
By sending out an alarm through the alarm device, people in the corresponding area can be evacuated as soon as possible, and the casualties are reduced as possible.
Further, in the monitoring and installing step, the installed alarm device comprises a warning lamp and a loudspeaker, and the warning lamp is uniformly arranged along the length direction of the tunnel; in the collapse analysis processing step, when the local controller controls the alarm device to send out an alarm, the local controller controls the alarm lamp of the corresponding area to be lightened, and controls the loudspeaker to play a preset voice alarm.
Therefore, when the risk of collapse/falling stone is analyzed, the local control unit can control the warning lights of the corresponding areas to be turned on, and the loudspeaker can play preset voice alarms, such as 'the warning lights are dangerous in road sections and please withdraw rapidly', so that people in the tunnel can know that the danger exists, the dangerous areas are also known, the withdrawing efficiency is higher, and the situation that people enter the dangerous areas due to the panic blind movement can be avoided.
Further, in the collapse analysis processing step, when the local controller analyzes the spraying range and the spraying amount, if the spraying range in the analysis result is smaller than the preset minimum area, an emergency spraying scheme is generated by taking the minimum area with the analyzed spraying range as the central area as the actual spraying area; and if the spraying amount in the analysis result is smaller than the preset minimum spraying amount, generating a spraying scheme by taking the minimum spraying amount as the actual spraying amount.
To ensure proper use of the tunnel, the capacity of the emergency spraying device is relatively limited, so that a spraying scheme is generated according to the analysis result. However, in order to ensure that a certain delay effect can be actually achieved, the spraying amount and area still need to be the minimum guarantee, so that the situation that the actual delay effect cannot be achieved due to the fact that the spraying amount is too small or the spraying area is too small can be prevented.
Further, the quick-drying strong adhesive material is colored; the plurality of photographing devices are arranged, one photographing device is a collapse path photographing device; in the collapse analysis processing step, the local controller controls the camera to work and controls the collapse path camera to shoot the spraying area when the camera uploads the camera shooting data in real time.
The quick-drying strong adhesive material has color, which is more convenient for the staff to find the key stones quickly. And the spraying area is shot through the collapse path shooting device, so that the concrete collapse route of stones when collapse occurs can be uploaded in real time, subsequent accident cause analysis can be conveniently and accurately carried out by staff, and more valuable references are provided for risk protection of similar road sections.
The invention further provides an on-line monitoring system for tunnel convergence deformation, which is applied to the on-line monitoring method for tunnel convergence deformation and comprises a collecting end and a background end; the acquisition end comprises a scanning unit and a sensor monitoring unit; the scanning unit is arranged at the scanning point position and is used for scanning the tunnel and transmitting scanning data to the background end; the sensor monitoring unit is arranged at a special monitoring point and used for sending monitoring data to the background end;
the background end comprises a storage unit, an analysis unit and a comparison unit; the storage unit stores the position information of each special monitoring point position; the analysis unit is used for carrying out overall convergence analysis according to the feedback data of the scanning unit and carrying out special convergence analysis of special monitoring points according to the monitoring data of the sensor monitoring unit; the comparison unit is used for extracting convergence analysis results of the special monitoring points in the overall convergence analysis according to the position information of the special monitoring points, comparing the convergence analysis results with the corresponding special convergence analysis, and generating an abnormal signal if the comparison results exceed a preset value.
The system can improve the monitoring convenience on the basis of control cost and can continuously maintain the reliability of the monitoring result of the special monitoring point.
The emergency processing end comprises a local controller, an emergency spraying device, a camera device and an alarm device; the alarm device comprises alarm lamps and a loudspeaker, wherein the alarm lamps are uniformly arranged along the length direction of the tunnel;
the emergency spraying device comprises a rotating part, a loading cavity and a spraying opening, quick-drying strong adhesive materials are loaded in the loading cavity, and the local controller is respectively and electrically connected with the stress-strain sensor, the emergency spraying device and the camera device; the local controller is also communicated with a background end; the stress strain sensor is used for monitoring stress strain data of the special monitoring point location and sending the stress strain data to the local controller; the local controller is used for analyzing the monitoring data of the stress-strain sensor, and if the monitoring data exceeds a preset value, the local controller controls the camera device to work and uploads the camera data in real time; the local controller is also used for analyzing the spraying range and the spraying amount to generate an emergency spraying scheme according to the monitoring data of the stress-strain sensor exceeding the preset value and controlling the emergency spraying device to spray quick-drying strong adhesive materials according to the emergency spraying scheme; the local controller also controls the corresponding warning lights in the area to be lightened, and controls the loudspeaker to play a preset voice alarm.
The escape time of the personnel involved in the emergency situation of collapse/falling rocks can be increased, the search and rescue range can be shortened, and the search and rescue efficiency and success rate can be improved. And the key stones can be found out quickly, and the accident reduction analysis can be carried out. And the alarm device gives an alarm, so that people in the corresponding area can be evacuated as soon as possible, and the casualties are reduced as possible.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a tunnel convergence deformation on-line monitoring method according to a first embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a logic block diagram of an on-line monitoring system for tunnel convergence deformation according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following is a further detailed description of the embodiments:
example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a method for on-line monitoring tunnel convergence deformation includes:
a data acquisition step, namely acquiring construction data and geographic data of a tunnel; the construction data comprise the length, the curvature and the section size of the tunnel; the geographic data comprises tunnel position, mountain position, geographic position and soil property. Through the data, the characteristics of the tunnel can be comprehensively analyzed, and the comprehensiveness and effectiveness of the subsequently obtained scanning point positions and special monitoring point positions are ensured.
And a point position analysis step, wherein the construction data is analyzed to obtain scanning point positions, and the construction data and the geographic data are analyzed to obtain special monitoring point positions. The number and position of the scanning points can be one or more, the specific number and position are required to be determined according to the construction data of the tunnel, tunnel scanning is carried out on the scanning points, and fewer scanning devices can be used for carrying out complete scanning on the tunnel.
And a monitoring and installing step, namely installing a scanning device at the scanning point position and installing a monitoring sensor at the special monitoring point position. In this embodiment, the scanning unit is a total station, and the sensor monitoring unit is an inclination sensor. The specific installation modes of the total station and the inclination angle sensor are directly used in the existing installation modes in the field, and are not repeated here.
A strain analysis step, namely carrying out overall convergence analysis according to the scanning data of the scanning device, and carrying out special convergence analysis of special points according to the feedback data of the monitoring sensor; and extracting a convergence analysis result of the special monitoring point in the overall convergence analysis, comparing the convergence analysis result with the corresponding special convergence analysis, and if the comparison result exceeds a preset value, extracting the position of the corresponding special monitoring point as an environment abnormal position, and sending out an abnormal prompt, wherein the content of the abnormal prompt comprises the environment abnormal position.
As shown in fig. 2, the present application further provides an online monitoring system for tunnel convergence deformation, which is applied to the above method and includes an acquisition end and a background end.
The acquisition end comprises a scanning unit and a sensor monitoring unit; the scanning unit is arranged at the scanning point position and used for scanning the tunnel and sending scanning data to the background end. The sensor monitoring unit is arranged at a special monitoring point and used for sending monitoring data to the background end.
In this embodiment, the backend is a cloud server. The background end comprises a storage unit, an analysis unit and a comparison unit; the storage unit stores the position information of each special monitoring point position; the analysis unit is used for carrying out overall convergence analysis according to the feedback data of the scanning unit and carrying out special convergence analysis of special monitoring points according to the monitoring data of the sensor monitoring unit; the comparison unit is used for extracting convergence analysis results of the special monitoring points in the overall convergence analysis according to the position information of the special monitoring points, comparing the convergence analysis results with the corresponding special convergence analysis, and generating an abnormal signal if the comparison results exceed a preset value. The specific algorithm of the overall convergence analysis may be an existing scan convergence analysis algorithm, which is not an invention point of the application and will not be described herein.
The specific implementation process is as follows:
firstly, building data of a tunnel and geographic data of the tunnel are collected. Then analyzing according to the construction data of the tunnel to obtain scanning points, namely the points where the scanning device is installed, and through the position, the scanning device can completely scan the tunnel; and analyzing special monitoring points according to the construction data and the geographic data, namely the positions where convergence deformation is easy to occur.
Installing a scanning device at a scanning point, installing a monitoring sensor at a special monitoring point, and performing overall convergence analysis according to scanning data of the scanning device when performing convergence analysis, namely performing convergence analysis on all parts of a tunnel; and performing special convergence analysis on the special point positions according to the feedback data of the monitoring sensor, namely performing convergence analysis on the special monitoring point positions. And then, extracting a convergence analysis result of a special monitoring point in the overall convergence analysis, comparing the convergence analysis result with a corresponding special convergence analysis, in other words, comparing two convergence analysis results of the same special monitoring point, if the comparison result exceeds a preset value, the monitoring result difference of the two monitoring modes is very large, and the scanning device is greatly influenced by the environment because the monitoring data of the monitoring sensor are relatively stable, so that the environment of the special point area can be considered to cause interference to the scanning device and needs to be processed. Therefore, the abnormal reminding is sent out, and after the environment of the area is processed by the manager, the whole scanning and analysis are carried out again, so that the whole monitoring accuracy is ensured. Because the environment abnormality does not always exist, most of the time, the monitoring environment is relatively stable, and in such a way, staff does not need to probe and confirm the scanning environment before scanning each time, so that the monitoring convenience can be effectively improved.
Meanwhile, in the whole process, the data of the special monitoring point positions are directly collected by using the monitoring sensor, so that the monitoring effectiveness of the special monitoring point positions can be maintained even under the condition that the environment in the tunnel is abnormal. Compared with the conventional area, the probability of convergence deformation of the special monitoring point location is much larger, and in this way, the monitoring effectiveness of the special monitoring point location with higher monitoring priority can be always maintained. Compared with a full tunnel paving monitoring sensor, the sensor can save a great deal of cost.
In conclusion, the method and the device can improve monitoring convenience on the basis of control cost, and can continuously maintain reliability of monitoring results of special monitoring points.
Example two
In the first embodiment, in the monitoring and installing step of the tunnel convergence deformation on-line monitoring method, a stress strain sensor, a local controller, an emergency spraying device and a camera device are also installed at a special monitoring point. In this embodiment, the image capturing device is an infrared camera. The emergency spraying device comprises a rotating part, a loading cavity and a spraying opening, wherein the loading cavity is filled with quick-drying strong adhesive materials, and in the embodiment, the quick-drying strong adhesive materials are quick-drying strong adhesives. The local controller is electrically connected with the stress-strain sensor, the emergency spraying device and the camera device respectively. And an alarm device is arranged in the front-back prediction distance range of the special monitoring point, and comprises a warning lamp and a loudspeaker, wherein the warning lamp is uniformly arranged along the length direction of the tunnel. In this embodiment, the warning light is a red LED light. The red LED lamp can be distinguished from the illuminating lamp in the tunnel, so that people in the tunnel can know the specific position of the dangerous area conveniently.
The method comprises the steps of monitoring data of a stress-strain sensor through a local controller, controlling the camera device to work and uploading camera data in real time if feedback data of the stress-strain sensor exceeds a preset value, analyzing a spraying range and a spraying amount according to the monitoring data of the stress-strain sensor exceeding the preset value to generate an emergency spraying scheme, and controlling the emergency spraying device to spray quick-dry strong adhesive materials according to the emergency spraying scheme. Specifically, after the spraying opening faces the spraying range in the spraying scheme by controlling the rotation of the rotating part, the spraying opening is controlled to spray the quick-drying strong adhesive material to the spraying area. Meanwhile, the local controller also controls the corresponding warning lamp in the area to be lightened, and controls the loudspeaker to play a preset voice alarm.
When the local controller analyzes the spraying range and the spraying amount, if the spraying range in the analysis result is smaller than the preset minimum area, an emergency spraying scheme is generated by taking the minimum area with the analyzed spraying range as the central area as the actual spraying area; and if the spraying amount in the analysis result is smaller than the preset minimum spraying amount, generating a spraying scheme by taking the minimum spraying amount as the actual spraying amount. To ensure proper use of the tunnel, the capacity of the emergency spraying device is relatively limited, so that a spraying scheme is generated according to the analysis result. However, in order to ensure that a certain delay effect can be actually achieved, the spraying amount and area still need to be the minimum guarantee, so that the situation that the actual delay effect cannot be achieved due to the fact that the spraying amount is too small or the spraying area is too small can be prevented.
The tunnel convergence deformation on-line monitoring system further comprises a stress-strain sensor and an emergency processing end which are arranged at the special monitoring point, wherein the emergency processing end comprises a local controller, an emergency spraying device, a camera device and an alarm device; the alarm device comprises a warning lamp and a loudspeaker, wherein the warning lamp is uniformly arranged along the length direction of the tunnel.
The emergency spraying device comprises a rotating part, a loading cavity and a spraying opening, wherein quick-drying strong viscous materials are filled in the loading cavity, and the local controller is respectively and electrically connected with the stress strain sensor, the emergency spraying device and the camera device; the local controller is also communicated with a background end; the stress strain sensor is used for monitoring stress strain data of the special monitoring point location and sending the stress strain data to the local controller; the local controller is used for analyzing the monitoring data of the stress-strain sensor, and if the monitoring data exceeds a preset value, the local controller controls the camera device to work and uploads the camera data in real time; the local controller is also used for analyzing the spraying range and the spraying amount to generate an emergency spraying scheme according to the monitoring data of the stress-strain sensor exceeding the preset value and controlling the emergency spraying device to spray quick-drying strong adhesive materials according to the emergency spraying scheme; the local controller also controls the corresponding warning lights in the area to be lightened, and controls the loudspeaker to play a preset voice alarm.
The specific implementation process is as follows:
although tunnels are usually reinforced during construction, tunnel collapse/falling stone events still occur due to the influence of factors such as soil property, geographical position and the like, and small casualties are often caused once the events occur due to strong burst. However, collapse/chipping of the tunnel does not occur instantaneously, and there is often a process that usually begins with an internal crack and does not collapse or collapse until the crack is completed. These areas of possible cracking, usually due to their soil properties and location, are also usually the very specific monitoring points in the present solution.
Based on the above, in the scheme, a stress-strain sensor, a local controller, an emergency spraying device and a camera device are also arranged at a special monitoring installation point; the emergency spraying device comprises a rotating part, a loading cavity and a spraying opening, quick-drying strong viscous materials are loaded in the loading cavity, and the local controller is respectively and electrically connected with the stress strain sensor, the emergency spraying device and the camera device.
Therefore, the stress-strain sensor can monitor stress-strain data of the special monitoring point in real time, and the local controller performs data analysis, and when feedback data of the stress-strain sensor exceeds a preset value, the risk of collapse/stone falling is indicated. Therefore, the local controller operates according to the control of the image pickup device and uploads the image pickup data in real time. Although there is only a risk, once collapse occurs, rescue is involved later, and the searching efficiency during rescue is directly related to the injury degree of trapped personnel and even life safety. By controlling the imaging device of the special monitoring point to upload imaging data, the movement of people in the collapse area in the collapse process can be known, the search and rescue range can be greatly reduced during subsequent search and rescue, the accuracy of the subsequent search and rescue is convenient to improve, and for search and rescue, one minute of search and rescue success is early, and one unfortunate person or serious wounded person is likely to be less. If imaging devices in other areas are used, there may be a case where the imaging is not complete. If the time-lapse uploading is used, the camera device is likely to be destroyed during collapse, so that the image data in the collapse process is lost. In this embodiment, the image capturing device is a panoramic camera.
In addition, the local controller can analyze the spraying range and the spraying amount according to the monitoring data of the stress-strain sensor exceeding the preset value to generate an emergency spraying scheme, and control the emergency spraying device to spray quick-dry strong adhesive materials according to the emergency spraying scheme. Since the collapse/falling of the tunnel usually starts from the internal cracking, the falling or collapse of the stone is generated after the cracking is completed, and when the emergency spraying device finds abnormality, the quick-drying strong adhesive material is sprayed on the corresponding area in the tunnel, which is equivalent to increasing the tension on the cracking area, and the collapse/falling process can be slowed down through the tension. Although the time of the process can be very short, even one second delay is more hopeful for the danger personnel.
Meanwhile, when the risk of collapse/falling stone is analyzed, the local control unit can control the warning lights of the corresponding areas to be turned on, and the loudspeaker can play preset voice alarms, such as 'the warning lights have danger on road sections and please withdraw rapidly', so that people in the tunnel know that the danger exists, the dangerous areas are also known, the withdrawing efficiency is higher, and the situation that people enter the dangerous areas due to panic blind movement can be avoided.
Many times the rock is not dropped vertically when collapse occurs, and many times the critical analysis material takes a significant amount of time to search, and the results of the search are not guaranteed. In the method, as the quick-drying strong adhesive material is sprayed on the cracking area, after an accident occurs, workers can quickly lock concrete stones with the accident according to the quick-drying strong adhesive material, so that the accident reduction analysis is conveniently carried out on the concrete stones, and a reference is provided for risk protection of similar road sections.
In conclusion, the escape time of the personnel involved in the emergency situation of collapse/falling rocks can be increased, the search and rescue range can be shortened, and the search and rescue efficiency and success rate are improved. And the key stones can be found out quickly, and the accident reduction analysis can be carried out.
Example III
Unlike the second embodiment, the quick-drying strong adhesive material in the present embodiment is colored; the plurality of camera devices are arranged, and one camera device is a collapse path camera device; in the collapse analysis processing step, the local controller controls the camera to work and controls the collapse path camera to shoot the spraying area when the camera uploads the camera shooting data in real time.
The quick-drying strong adhesive material has color, which is more convenient for the staff to find the key stones quickly. And the spraying area is shot through the collapse path shooting device, so that the concrete collapse route of stones when collapse occurs can be uploaded in real time, subsequent accident cause analysis can be conveniently and accurately carried out by staff, and more valuable references are provided for risk protection of similar road sections.
The foregoing is merely an embodiment of the present invention, and a specific structure and characteristics of common knowledge in the art, which are well known in the scheme, are not described herein, so that a person of ordinary skill in the art knows all the prior art in the application day or before the priority date of the present invention, and can know all the prior art in the field, and have the capability of applying the conventional experimental means before the date, so that a person of ordinary skill in the art can complete and implement the present embodiment in combination with his own capability in the light of the present application, and some typical known structures or known methods should not be an obstacle for a person of ordinary skill in the art to implement the present application. It should be noted that modifications and improvements can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the structure of the present invention, and these should also be considered as the scope of the present invention, which does not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the utility of the patent. The protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the content of the claims, and the description of the specific embodiments and the like in the specification can be used for explaining the content of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. The tunnel convergence deformation on-line monitoring method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
a data acquisition step, namely acquiring construction data and geographic data of a tunnel;
a point position analysis step of analyzing the construction data to obtain scanning point positions and analyzing the construction data and the geographic data to obtain special monitoring point positions;
a monitoring and installing step, namely installing a scanning device at a scanning point position and installing a monitoring sensor at a special monitoring point position;
a strain analysis step, namely carrying out overall convergence analysis according to the scanning data of the scanning device, and carrying out special convergence analysis of special points according to the feedback data of the monitoring sensor; and extracting a convergence analysis result of the special monitoring point in the overall convergence analysis, comparing the convergence analysis result with the corresponding special convergence analysis, and if the comparison result exceeds a preset value, sending out an abnormal prompt.
2. The tunnel convergence deformation on-line monitoring method as set forth in claim 1, wherein: in the strain analysis step, when the comparison result exceeds a preset value, the position of the corresponding special monitoring point is also extracted as an environment abnormal position; the content of the anomaly alert includes the location of the environmental anomaly.
3. The tunnel convergence deformation on-line monitoring method as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the building data comprises the length, the curvature and the section size of the tunnel; the geographic data comprises tunnel position, mountain position, geographic position and soil property.
4. The tunnel convergence deformation on-line monitoring method as set forth in claim 1, wherein: in the monitoring and installing step, a stress-strain sensor, a local controller, an emergency spraying device and a camera device are also installed at a special monitoring point; the emergency spraying device comprises a rotating part, a loading cavity and a spraying opening, quick-drying strong adhesive materials are loaded in the loading cavity, and the local controller is respectively and electrically connected with the stress-strain sensor, the emergency spraying device and the camera device;
the method comprises the steps of monitoring data of a stress-strain sensor through a local controller, controlling the camera device to work and uploading camera data in real time if feedback data of the stress-strain sensor exceeds a preset value, analyzing a spraying range and a spraying amount according to the monitoring data of the stress-strain sensor exceeding the preset value to generate an emergency spraying scheme, and controlling the emergency spraying device to spray quick-dry strong adhesive materials according to the emergency spraying scheme.
5. The method for on-line monitoring of tunnel convergence deformation according to claim 4, wherein: in the monitoring and installing step, an alarm device is also installed in the range of the front and rear predicted distances of the special monitoring point position; in the collapse analysis processing step, after the spraying range and the spraying quantity are analyzed to generate an emergency spraying scheme, the local controller also controls the alarm device to send out an alarm.
6. The method for on-line monitoring of tunnel convergence deformation according to claim 5, wherein: in the monitoring and installing step, an alarm device comprises warning lamps and a loudspeaker, wherein the warning lamps are uniformly arranged along the length direction of the tunnel; in the collapse analysis processing step, when the local controller controls the alarm device to send out an alarm, the local controller controls the alarm lamp of the corresponding area to be lightened, and controls the loudspeaker to play a preset voice alarm.
7. The method for on-line monitoring of tunnel convergence deformation according to claim 4, wherein: in the collapse analysis processing step, when the local controller analyzes the spraying range and the spraying amount, if the spraying range in the analysis result is smaller than the preset minimum area, an emergency spraying scheme is generated by taking the minimum area with the analyzed spraying range as a central area as an actual spraying area; and if the spraying amount in the analysis result is smaller than the preset minimum spraying amount, generating a spraying scheme by taking the minimum spraying amount as the actual spraying amount.
8. The method for on-line monitoring of tunnel convergence deformation according to claim 4, wherein: the quick-drying strong adhesive material is colored; the plurality of photographing devices are arranged, one photographing device is a collapse path photographing device; in the collapse analysis processing step, the local controller controls the camera to work and controls the collapse path camera to shoot the spraying area when the camera uploads the camera shooting data in real time.
9. The utility model provides a tunnel convergence warp on-line monitoring system which characterized in that: the tunnel convergence deformation on-line monitoring method applied to any one of claims 1-8, comprising an acquisition end and a background end; the acquisition end comprises a scanning unit and a sensor monitoring unit; the scanning unit is arranged at the scanning point position and used for scanning the tunnel and sending scanning data to the background end; the sensor monitoring unit is arranged at a special monitoring point and used for sending monitoring data to the background end;
the background end comprises a storage unit, an analysis unit and a comparison unit; the storage unit stores the position information of each special monitoring point position; the analysis unit is used for carrying out overall convergence analysis according to the feedback data of the scanning unit and carrying out special convergence analysis of special monitoring points according to the monitoring data of the sensor monitoring unit; the comparison unit is used for extracting convergence analysis results of the special monitoring points in the overall convergence analysis according to the position information of the special monitoring points, comparing the convergence analysis results with the corresponding special convergence analysis, and generating an abnormal signal if the comparison results exceed a preset value.
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