CN113604646A

CN113604646A - Manufacturing process of ultrahigh-strength fastener

Info

Publication number: CN113604646A
Application number: CN202110902225.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 金晓亮; 徐忠芳
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-08-06
Filing date: 2021-08-06
Publication date: 2021-11-05

Abstract

The invention discloses a manufacturing process of an ultrahigh-strength fastener, which creatively adopts extremely common domestic instant steel 42CrMo to manufacture fasteners with the specification of M22-M34, and the application process comprises the following steps: the ultrahigh-strength fastener made of high-quality steel by external enterprises is manufactured through isothermal spheroidization (780 ℃ for 4 hours) → mechanical metalworking → special heat treatment (tempering at 420 ℃ in a martensite transformation temperature interval in a hot bath quenching process) → surface treatment (nickel plating) → anti-corrosion treatment, so that the monopoly of the imported high-strength fastener is broken, the cost performance is extremely high, and the domestic blank is filled. At present, large-scale enterprises exist in fastener production in China, fasteners of 10.9 grade and below are generally produced, national standards of 12.9 grade exist, but few enterprises can be produced and manufactured. The ultrahigh-strength nut and the ultrahigh-strength bolt are matched for use, the mechanical and physical properties are similar, and the manufacturing process is the same.

Description

Manufacturing process of ultrahigh-strength fastener

Technical Field

The invention relates to a manufacturing process of an ultrahigh-strength fastener, which covers the mechanical manufacturing industry including casting, forging, upsetting and metal processing and relates to the technologies of metallurgy, metallography, material mechanics and heat treatment. The ultrahigh-strength fastener which can be manufactured only by foreign enterprises using extremely high-quality alloy steel is creatively made by adopting extremely common domestic instant steel (such as 42CrMo) and applying a special heat treatment process, and fills the domestic blank in the technical field.

Background

Fasteners are used in electromechanical devices, tools and tools applied in the industries of electronic products, metallurgy, chemical industry, construction, rail transit, aerospace, aviation and the like, and have high requirements on the technical performance of high-strength bolts, screws, studs and nut fasteners. At present, large-scale enterprises for producing fasteners in China generally produce fasteners of 10.9 grade and below, and are usually made of high-strength materials. The screw, the nut and the washer of the high-strength bolt are made of No. 45 steel, 40 boron steel, 20 manganese titanium boron steel, 35CrMoA and the like. The national standard of 12.9 level is available, but few enterprises capable of manufacturing are available, and most enterprises rely on import. For example, the UNBRAKO brand high-strength fastener produced by the company UNBRAKO in America is widely used for production and manufacturing enterprises of steel, nonferrous metals, electric power, automobiles, mechanical equipment, electrical instruments, environmental equipment and the like in China, and has limited raw materials and overhigh price.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems in the prior art, and creatively adopts extremely common domestic existing steel materials and applies a unique process to manufacture and produce the ultrahigh-strength fastener which can be manufactured by foreign enterprises only by using extremely high-quality steel materials.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following scheme:

a manufacturing process of an ultrahigh-strength fastener adopts a steel grade of 42CrMo in a hypoeutectoid steel range.

The technical scheme is as follows: isothermal spheroidizing treatment of the material (780 ℃ for 4 hours) → mechanical metalworking → special heat treatment (tempering at 420 ℃ by hot bath quenching in a martensite transformation temperature range) → surface treatment (nickel plating) → anticorrosive treatment.

In the above technical solution, further, the fastener of M22-M34 specification is 42 CrMo.

In the technical scheme, the workpiece is further subjected to isothermal spheroidizing annealing at 780 ℃ for 4 hours, and then is cooled to below 500 ℃ along with the furnace, taken out of the furnace and cooled in air.

In the above technical solution, further, the tempering temperature of the workpiece is determined according to the upper limit of manganese content and carbon content in the steel composition, and is controlled to be 420 ± 20 ℃.

In the technical scheme, furthermore, the heating temperature of the selected steel grade 42CrMo in the salt bath furnace is controlled within the martensite transformation temperature range between 880 ℃ and 900 ℃.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

in the development stages of high, fine and sharp, light and intelligent industries, particularly military industry, aerospace, aviation, navigation, high-speed rail and subway, the high-strength fastener can be applied to the domestic ultrahigh-strength fastener with extremely high cost performance, and a large amount of foreign exchange is saved.

The invention creatively adopts extremely common domestic instant steel to manufacture the high-strength fastener with equal performance or even exceeding that made of the foreign high-quality steel, breaks through the monopoly of the imported high-strength fastener, fills the domestic blank, and has extremely high cost performance and great strategic significance.

Detailed description of the invention

Manufacturing a fastener with the specification of M34, and using 42CrMo steel as a material;

when the salt bath furnace is heated, the quenching heating temperature is controlled to be 880-900 ℃;

cooling the spheroidizing annealed material to below 500 ℃ along with the furnace after spheroidizing annealing (isothermal 780 ℃ for 4 hours), and discharging the cooled material for air cooling.

Discharging and quenching; after the workpiece is taken out of the furnace, the workpiece can be scattered on the iron wire grid, the iron wire grid and the water are quenched together, when the fizzing is finished, the grid is taken out (the temperature of the workpiece is about 200-300 ℃) and air cooling is carried out.

Cold heading thread rolling;

tempering treatment: the cold-permeable workpiece in the air should be tempered in time, and the tempering temperature is determined according to the upper limit or the lower limit of the manganese content and the carbon content in the steel components. Generally controlling the temperature to be 420 +/-20 ℃, tempering the workpiece to ensure that the hardness is 45-47 HRC, and cleaning.

Surface treatment: nickel plating and finally hydrochloric acid cleaning.

And (5) performing corrosion prevention treatment.

At present, large-scale enterprises exist in fastener production in China, fasteners of 10.9 grade and below are generally produced, national standards of 12.9 grade exist, performance indexes are shown in table 1, but enterprises capable of producing and manufacturing are almost not available. The ultrahigh-strength nut and the ultrahigh-strength bolt are matched for use, the mechanical properties and the physical properties are similar, and the manufacturing process is the same as that shown in table 2.

TABLE 1

TABLE 2

The design and technical requirements of the manufacturing process of the ultra-high strength fastener of the invention conform to the design standards and specifications of national standards GB/T3098.2, GB/T3098.4 and national standard (ISO898.J-1999), and are according to ISO898.J-1999 first part of mechanical properties of fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel, bolts, screws and studs pass the inspection of the national standard product quality supervision and inspection center, and the inspection data is as follows:

detecting items	Standard provisions	The result of the detection
			Hardness test HRC	39～44	43.0
Tensile strength/MPa	≥1220	1450
			Elongation after break/%	≥8	12.5

The present invention has been described in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense, and it is within the scope of the present invention that certain changes and modifications may be effected therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention by one of ordinary skill in the art in light of the teachings of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A manufacturing process of an ultrahigh-strength fastener is characterized in that a steel material of 42CrMo is selected in a hypoeutectoid steel range to manufacture a fastener with the specification of M22-M34, and the fastener is subjected to isothermal spheroidizing (780 ℃ for 4 hours) → mechanical gold processing → special heat treatment (tempering at 420 ℃ by hot bath quenching in a martensite transformation temperature range) → surface treatment (nickel plating) → corrosion prevention treatment.

2. The process for manufacturing ultra-high strength fasteners according to claim 1, wherein the 42CrMo high strength alloy structural steel is selected as the fasteners of M22-M34 specifications.

3. The process for manufacturing ultra-high strength fasteners according to claim 1, wherein said fasteners are isothermally spheroidized at 780 ℃ for 4 hours, and then furnace cooled to below 500 ℃ and then out of the furnace for air cooling.

4. The process for manufacturing ultra-high strength fasteners according to claim 1, wherein after said fasteners are machined to desired dimensions, they are subjected to a special heat treatment, namely hot bath quenching in the martensitic transformation temperature range, the tempering temperature being controlled between 420 ℃ ± 20 ℃.

5. The process for manufacturing ultra-high strength fasteners according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the temperature of the fasteners using 42CrMo steel is controlled at 780 ℃ during isothermal spheroidization.