CN113604110A - Environment-friendly odorless art mark ink and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Environment-friendly odorless art mark ink and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113604110A CN113604110A CN202110859226.7A CN202110859226A CN113604110A CN 113604110 A CN113604110 A CN 113604110A CN 202110859226 A CN202110859226 A CN 202110859226A CN 113604110 A CN113604110 A CN 113604110A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- parts
- ink
- color paste
- agent
- stirring
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/16—Writing inks
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of ink, in particular to environment-friendly odorless artistic marking ink and a preparation method thereof. The paint comprises the following components in parts by mass: 70-80 parts of water, 6-8 parts of binder, 6-8 parts of dye, 1-3 parts of synthetic wax, 1-2 parts of preservative, 2-3 parts of diluent, 2-3 parts of anti-offset agent, 2-4 parts of stabilizer, 2-3 parts of corrosion inhibitor, 3-4 parts of wetting agent, 1-3 parts of anti-skinning agent and 2-3 parts of calcium carbonate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ink, in particular to environment-friendly odorless artistic marking ink and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The ink is a liquid containing pigment or dye, the ink is used for writing or drawing, a large amount of chemical components are added into the existing art mark ink, wherein phenol in a preservative is the cause of odor of the ink, and the phenol is one of aromatic hydrocarbon, has toxicity and is not beneficial to human health.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the environment-friendly odorless art mark ink which adopts natural plant components as the components, reduces the use of preservatives, reduces the generation of harmful substances, increases the use effect of the ink and improves the practicability and the preparation method thereof.
The invention relates to an environment-friendly odorless artistic marking ink which comprises the following components in parts by mass: 70-80 parts of water, 6-8 parts of binder, 6-8 parts of dye, 1-3 parts of synthetic wax, 1-2 parts of preservative, 2-3 parts of diluent, 2-3 parts of anti-offset agent, 2-4 parts of stabilizer, 2-3 parts of corrosion inhibitor, 3-4 parts of wetting agent, 1-3 parts of anti-skinning agent and 2-3 parts of calcium carbonate.
The invention relates to environment-friendly odorless artistic marking ink, wherein one part of the connecting material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 16.5 percent of natural resin, 21.5 percent of synthetic resin, 14 percent of cellulose, 7.8 percent of rubber derivative and 40.2 percent of solvent
The invention relates to an environment-friendly odorless artistic marking ink and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a connecting material, adding natural resin, synthetic resin, cellulose and rubber derivatives into a solvent according to weight percentage, and uniformly stirring by a stirring device;
s2, adding the binder into water, stirring uniformly, adding the dye, the synthetic wax, the preservative, the diluent, the anti-offset agent and the anti-skinning agent, and stirring uniformly to obtain color paste;
s3, adding a stabilizer into the prepared color paste and stirring uniformly;
s4, adding a corrosion inhibitor into the color paste and stirring uniformly, wherein the stabilizer has strong acidity;
s5, preparing calcium carbonate into powder through a grinding device, and then adding the powder into the color paste to be uniformly stirred;
s6, adding a wetting agent into the prepared color paste and stirring uniformly;
and S7, adding an anti-skinning agent into the prepared color paste, and uniformly stirring to obtain the environment-friendly ink.
The invention relates to an environment-friendly odorless artistic marking ink and a preparation method thereof.
The invention relates to an environment-friendly odorless artistic marking ink and a preparation method thereof.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the thinner and the anti-offset agent are both made of natural component raw materials, the binder is internally made of natural rubber components, the generation of harmful substances is reduced, calcium carbonate increases the thickness of a printing ink film layer, the wear resistance of ink is improved, mineral oil reduces the viscosity of the printing ink and prevents the occurrence of a film stripping phenomenon, synthetic wax improves the friction resistance and the fluidity of the printing ink, the viscosity is reduced, the smoothness of the film layer is improved, corn starch prevents the printing ink from being printed on the back of paper, the stabilizer eliminates the precipitation of the printing ink, the stabilizer has strong acidity, the corrosion of a corrosion inhibitor is prevented, the stability of the printing ink is improved, meanwhile, the environment-friendly printing ink is high in film forming speed and good in scratch resistance.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. It is to be understood that the following description is only illustrative of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes," "including," "has," "having," "contains," "containing," or any other variation thereof, as used herein, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a composition, process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such composition, process, method, article, or apparatus.
The conjunction "consisting of …" excludes any unspecified elements, steps or components. If used in a claim, the phrase is intended to claim as closed, meaning that it does not contain materials other than those described, except for the conventional impurities associated therewith. When the phrase "consisting of …" appears in a clause of the subject matter of the claims rather than immediately after the subject matter, it defines only the elements described in the clause; other elements are not excluded from the claims as a whole.
When an amount, concentration, or other value or parameter is expressed as a range, preferred range, or as a range of upper preferable values and lower preferable values, this is to be understood as specifically disclosing all ranges formed from any pair of any upper range limit or preferred value and any lower range limit or preferred value, regardless of whether ranges are separately disclosed. For example, when a range of "1 to 5" is disclosed, the described range should be interpreted to include the ranges "1 to 4", "1 to 3", "1 to 2 and 4 to 5", "1 to 3 and 5", and the like. When a range of values is described herein, unless otherwise stated, the range is intended to include the endpoints thereof and all integers and fractions within the range.
The indefinite articles "a" and "an" preceding an element or component of the invention are not intended to limit the number requirement (i.e., the number of occurrences) of the element or component. Thus, "a" or "an" should be read to include one or at least one, and the singular form of an element or component also includes the plural unless the number clearly indicates the singular.
Furthermore, the description below of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily for the same embodiment or example. Further, the technical features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Example 1:
the environment-friendly odorless artistic mark ink comprises the following components in parts by weight:
| composition (I) | Quantity (parts) |
| Water (W) | 70 |
| Connecting material | 6 |
| Dye material | 6 |
| Synthetic wax | 1 |
| Preservative | 1 |
| Mineral oil | 2 |
| Anti-offset agent | 2 |
| Stabilizer | 2 |
| Resist and method for producing the same | 2 |
| Wetting agent | 3 |
| Anti-skinning agent | 1 |
| Calcium carbonate | 2 |
The ink preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a connecting material, adding natural resin, synthetic resin, cellulose and rubber derivatives into a solvent according to weight percentage, and uniformly stirring by a stirring device;
s2, adding the binder into water, stirring uniformly, adding the dye, the synthetic wax, the preservative, the diluent, the anti-offset agent and the anti-skinning agent, and stirring uniformly to obtain color paste;
s3, adding a stabilizer into the prepared color paste and stirring uniformly;
s4, adding a corrosion inhibitor into the color paste and stirring uniformly, wherein the stabilizer has strong acidity;
s5, preparing calcium carbonate into powder through a grinding device, and then adding the powder into the color paste to be uniformly stirred;
s6, adding a wetting agent into the prepared color paste and stirring uniformly;
s7, adding an anti-skinning agent into the prepared color paste, and uniformly stirring to obtain the environment-friendly ink;
and (3) dropping the prepared environment-friendly ink onto a detection plate, and detecting the smell, the film forming rate and the scratch resistance of the ink.
Example 2:
the environment-friendly odorless artistic mark ink comprises the following components in parts by weight:
| composition (I) | Quantity (parts) |
| Water (W) | 78 |
| Connecting material | 7 |
| Dye material | 8 |
| Synthetic wax | 2 |
| Preservative | 2 |
| Mineral oil | 2 |
| Anti-offset agent | 3 |
| Stabilizer | 4 |
| Resist and method for producing the same | 2 |
| Wetting agent | 3 |
| Anti-skinning agent | 2 |
| Calcium carbonate | 3 |
The ink preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a connecting material, adding natural resin, synthetic resin, cellulose and rubber derivatives into a solvent according to weight percentage, and uniformly stirring by a stirring device;
s2, adding the binder into water, stirring uniformly, adding the dye, the synthetic wax, the preservative, the diluent, the anti-offset agent and the anti-skinning agent, and stirring uniformly to obtain color paste;
s3, adding a stabilizer into the prepared color paste and stirring uniformly;
s4, adding a corrosion inhibitor into the color paste and stirring uniformly, wherein the stabilizer has strong acidity;
s5, preparing calcium carbonate into powder through a grinding device, and then adding the powder into the color paste to be uniformly stirred;
s6, adding a wetting agent into the prepared color paste and stirring uniformly;
s7, adding an anti-skinning agent into the prepared color paste, and uniformly stirring to obtain the environment-friendly ink;
and (3) dropping the prepared environment-friendly ink onto a detection plate, and detecting the smell, the film forming rate and the scratch resistance of the ink.
Example 3:
the environment-friendly odorless artistic mark ink comprises the following components in parts by weight:
| composition (I) | Quantity (parts) |
| Water (W) | 75 |
| Connecting material | 6 |
| Dye material | 7 |
| Synthetic wax | 1 |
| Preservative | 1 |
| Mineral oil | 3 |
| Anti-offset agent | 2 |
| Stabilizer | 3 |
| Resist and method for producing the same | 2 |
| Wetting agent | 3 |
| Anti-skinning agent | 1 |
| Calcium carbonate | 2 |
The ink preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a connecting material, adding natural resin, synthetic resin, cellulose and rubber derivatives into a solvent according to weight percentage, and uniformly stirring by a stirring device;
s2, adding the binder into water, stirring uniformly, adding the dye, the synthetic wax, the preservative, the diluent, the anti-offset agent and the anti-skinning agent, and stirring uniformly to obtain color paste;
s3, adding a stabilizer into the prepared color paste and stirring uniformly;
s4, adding a corrosion inhibitor into the color paste and stirring uniformly, wherein the stabilizer has strong acidity;
s5, preparing calcium carbonate into powder through a grinding device, and then adding the powder into the color paste to be uniformly stirred;
s6, adding a wetting agent into the prepared color paste and stirring uniformly;
s7, adding an anti-skinning agent into the prepared color paste, and uniformly stirring to obtain the environment-friendly ink;
and (3) dropping the prepared environment-friendly ink onto a detection plate, and detecting the smell, the film forming rate and the scratch resistance of the ink.
Example 4:
the environment-friendly odorless artistic mark ink comprises the following components in parts by weight:
| composition (I) | Quantity (parts) |
| Water (W) | 80 |
| Connecting material | 6 |
| Dye material | 7 |
| Synthetic wax | 3 |
| Preservative | 2 |
| Mineral oil | 3 |
| Anti-offset agent | 2 |
| Stabilizer | 4 |
| Resist and method for producing the same | 2 |
| Wetting agent | 4 |
| Anti-skinning agent | 2 |
| Calcium carbonate | 3 |
The ink preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a connecting material, adding natural resin, synthetic resin, cellulose and rubber derivatives into a solvent according to weight percentage, and uniformly stirring by a stirring device;
s2, adding the binder into water, stirring uniformly, adding the dye, the synthetic wax, the preservative, the diluent, the anti-offset agent and the anti-skinning agent, and stirring uniformly to obtain color paste;
s3, adding a stabilizer into the prepared color paste and stirring uniformly;
s4, adding a corrosion inhibitor into the color paste and stirring uniformly, wherein the stabilizer has strong acidity;
s5, preparing calcium carbonate into powder through a grinding device, and then adding the powder into the color paste to be uniformly stirred;
s6, adding a wetting agent into the prepared color paste and stirring uniformly;
s7, adding an anti-skinning agent into the prepared color paste, and uniformly stirring to obtain the environment-friendly ink;
and (3) dropping the prepared environment-friendly ink onto a detection plate, and detecting the smell, the film forming rate and the scratch resistance of the ink.
Example 5:
the environment-friendly odorless artistic mark ink comprises the following components in parts by weight:
| composition (I) | Quantity (parts) |
| Water (W) | 74 |
| Connecting material | 8 |
| Dye material | 8 |
| Synthetic wax | 3 |
| Preservative | 1 |
| Mineral oil | 2 |
| Anti-offset agent | 2 |
| Stabilizer | 4 |
| Resist and method for producing the same | 2 |
| Wetting agent | 3 |
| Anti-skinning agent | 2 |
| Calcium carbonate | 2 |
The ink preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a connecting material, adding natural resin, synthetic resin, cellulose and rubber derivatives into a solvent according to weight percentage, and uniformly stirring by a stirring device;
s2, adding the binder into water, stirring uniformly, adding the dye, the synthetic wax, the preservative, the diluent, the anti-offset agent and the anti-skinning agent, and stirring uniformly to obtain color paste;
s3, adding a stabilizer into the prepared color paste and stirring uniformly;
s4, adding a corrosion inhibitor into the color paste and stirring uniformly, wherein the stabilizer has strong acidity;
s5, preparing calcium carbonate into powder through a grinding device, and then adding the powder into the color paste to be uniformly stirred;
s6, adding a wetting agent into the prepared color paste and stirring uniformly;
s7, adding an anti-skinning agent into the prepared color paste, and uniformly stirring to obtain the environment-friendly ink;
and (3) dropping the prepared environment-friendly ink onto a detection plate, and detecting the smell, the film forming rate and the scratch resistance of the ink.
Test experiment results:
TABLE 1
Wherein the scratch resistance is 1-5 grade, and the scratch resistance of 5 grade is the best; the odor degree is respectively 1-3 grades, and the odor of the ink of grade 1 is the minimum.
As shown in Table 1, the ink of example 3 is excellent in performance, the amount of the preservative used in example 3 is minimized, phenol is contained in the preservative, phenol is one of aromatic hydrocarbons, the odor in the ink is caused by phenol, the thinner and the anti-offset agent in example 3 are both natural-component materials, and a natural rubber component is used in the binder, thereby reducing the generation of harmful substances, increasing the effect of the art mark ink on environmental protection and odor, and improving the use effect of the ink.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The environment-friendly odorless artistic mark ink is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass: 70-80 parts of water, 6-8 parts of binder, 6-8 parts of dye, 1-3 parts of synthetic wax, 1-2 parts of preservative, 2-3 parts of diluent, 2-3 parts of anti-offset agent, 2-4 parts of stabilizer, 2-3 parts of corrosion inhibitor, 3-4 parts of wetting agent, 1-3 parts of anti-skinning agent and 2-3 parts of calcium carbonate.
2. The environmentally friendly, odorless, artistic marking ink of claim 1 wherein one part of the binder comprises the following components in weight percent: 16.5% of natural resin, 21.5% of synthetic resin, 14% of cellulose, 7.8% of rubber derivative and 40.2% of solvent.
3. The environmentally friendly odorless artistic marking ink as recited in claim 1, comprising the steps of:
s1, preparing a connecting material, adding natural resin, synthetic resin, cellulose and rubber derivatives into a solvent according to weight percentage, and uniformly stirring by a stirring device;
s2, adding the binder into water, stirring uniformly, adding the dye, the synthetic wax, the preservative, the diluent, the anti-offset agent and the anti-skinning agent, and stirring uniformly to obtain color paste;
s3, adding a stabilizer into the prepared color paste and stirring uniformly;
s4, adding a corrosion inhibitor into the color paste and stirring uniformly, wherein the stabilizer has strong acidity;
s5, preparing calcium carbonate into powder through a grinding device, and then adding the powder into the color paste to be uniformly stirred;
s6, adding a wetting agent into the prepared color paste and stirring uniformly;
and S7, adding an anti-skinning agent into the prepared color paste, and uniformly stirring to obtain the environment-friendly ink.
4. The environmentally friendly odorless artistic marking ink as set forth in claim 1 wherein the diluent comprises mineral oil.
5. The environmentally friendly odorless artistic marking ink as set forth in claim 1 wherein the anti-offset agent is corn starch.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110859226.7A CN113604110A (en) | 2021-07-28 | 2021-07-28 | Environment-friendly odorless art mark ink and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110859226.7A CN113604110A (en) | 2021-07-28 | 2021-07-28 | Environment-friendly odorless art mark ink and preparation method thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113604110A true CN113604110A (en) | 2021-11-05 |
Family
ID=78338524
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110859226.7A Pending CN113604110A (en) | 2021-07-28 | 2021-07-28 | Environment-friendly odorless art mark ink and preparation method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113604110A (en) |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101544864A (en) * | 2009-05-05 | 2009-09-30 | 上海乐美文具有限公司 | Pure blue gel ink and method for manufacturing same |
| CN101824247A (en) * | 2010-04-29 | 2010-09-08 | 上海乐美文具有限公司 | Ink for gouache marking pen and product thereof |
| CN107236365A (en) * | 2017-07-15 | 2017-10-10 | 合肥皖水信息科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of tasteless ink for aqueous pen |
| CN107556808A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-01-09 | 莆田市昌立印务有限公司 | A kind of environmental printing ink and preparation method thereof |
| CN108003697A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-05-08 | 湖州品创孵化器有限公司 | A kind of environment-friendly type aqueous ink |
| CN109627847A (en) * | 2018-12-16 | 2019-04-16 | 山西大学 | A kind of red ink and its decolourant that can repeatedly develop the color |
| CN110016250A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-07-16 | 安徽新华印刷股份有限公司 | A kind of tasteless printing ink of novel environment friendly and preparation method thereof |
-
2021
- 2021-07-28 CN CN202110859226.7A patent/CN113604110A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101544864A (en) * | 2009-05-05 | 2009-09-30 | 上海乐美文具有限公司 | Pure blue gel ink and method for manufacturing same |
| CN101824247A (en) * | 2010-04-29 | 2010-09-08 | 上海乐美文具有限公司 | Ink for gouache marking pen and product thereof |
| CN107236365A (en) * | 2017-07-15 | 2017-10-10 | 合肥皖水信息科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of tasteless ink for aqueous pen |
| CN107556808A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-01-09 | 莆田市昌立印务有限公司 | A kind of environmental printing ink and preparation method thereof |
| CN108003697A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-05-08 | 湖州品创孵化器有限公司 | A kind of environment-friendly type aqueous ink |
| CN109627847A (en) * | 2018-12-16 | 2019-04-16 | 山西大学 | A kind of red ink and its decolourant that can repeatedly develop the color |
| CN110016250A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-07-16 | 安徽新华印刷股份有限公司 | A kind of tasteless printing ink of novel environment friendly and preparation method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 陈蕴智编: "《印刷材料学》", 30 June 2011, 中国轻工业出版社 * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4401470A (en) | Intaglio printing ink and method of employing the same | |
| GB2079302A (en) | Binderless thermotropic ink compositions | |
| CA2542876C (en) | Novel wax for reducing mar and abrasion in inks and coatings | |
| DE19831236A1 (en) | Writing ink with excellent fastness to water and alcohol on non-absorbent surfaces | |
| GB2137219A (en) | Ink composition for ink jet printing | |
| US11643564B2 (en) | Water-based printing ink composition for gravure printing and method for producing the same | |
| JPH02169797A (en) | Improved aqueous over print varnish | |
| CN106380962B (en) | A kind of water-based resin thermal transfer printing ribbon and preparation method thereof | |
| BR112020003059B1 (en) | WATER-BASED PAINTS WITH HIGH RENEWABLE CONTENT | |
| CN113604110A (en) | Environment-friendly odorless art mark ink and preparation method thereof | |
| DE4327366C1 (en) | Paper or board having a coating applied by cast coating, process for the production and use | |
| US10407587B2 (en) | Polystyrene varnishes, printing inks, coatings and overprints | |
| US2891872A (en) | High carbon printing inks | |
| US3615754A (en) | Preparation of nonbleeding ink compositions | |
| CN114144482A (en) | Coatings containing micronized polymers as matting agents | |
| CN105400289A (en) | Neutral ink composition and preparation method thereof | |
| EP0742812B1 (en) | Process for printing by the offset-heatset method | |
| CN106638150B (en) | A kind of coating dispensing of Ge Laxin paper | |
| USRE34647E (en) | Overprint aqueous varnish | |
| DE2651100A1 (en) | PRINT INK | |
| CN107686678A (en) | A kind of low VOC highlights abrasion-resistance water environment-friendly ink | |
| JP2008156429A (en) | Varnish for infiltration-drying type offset ink, and ink by using the same | |
| CN105713451A (en) | Benzene-free environment-friendly high-tolerance gravure ink | |
| DE10059397A1 (en) | Ink composition for e.g. marker pens, fine-liners, and needle points, comprises an antidrying additive comprising esters of alcohols with carboxylic acids, alkyl alcohols having at least 10C atoms and/or polyethers and their copolymers. | |
| EP2268749B1 (en) | Low-migration offset printing ink |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20211105 |
|
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |