CN113603925A - Bisphenol F type ultrahigh-strength benzoxazine aerogel - Google Patents
Bisphenol F type ultrahigh-strength benzoxazine aerogel Download PDFInfo
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- CN113603925A CN113603925A CN202110926169.XA CN202110926169A CN113603925A CN 113603925 A CN113603925 A CN 113603925A CN 202110926169 A CN202110926169 A CN 202110926169A CN 113603925 A CN113603925 A CN 113603925A
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/28—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof by elimination of a liquid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. drying of coagulum
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- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
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- C08J2201/00—Foams characterised by the foaming process
- C08J2201/04—Foams characterised by the foaming process characterised by the elimination of a liquid or solid component, e.g. precipitation, leaching out, evaporation
- C08J2201/05—Elimination by evaporation or heat degradation of a liquid phase
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- C08J2205/00—Foams characterised by their properties
- C08J2205/02—Foams characterised by their properties the finished foam itself being a gel or a gel being temporarily formed when processing the foamable composition
- C08J2205/026—Aerogel, i.e. a supercritically dried gel
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- C08J2379/00—Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen, or carbon only, not provided for in groups C08J2361/00 - C08J2377/00
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Abstract
The invention discloses bisphenol F type ultrahigh-strength benzoxazine aerogel, which is prepared from bisphenol F type benzoxazine monomers through solvent dissolution and drying. The invention adopts the bisphenol F type benzoxazine monomer as the raw material to prepare the benzoxazine aerogel, the preparation method is simple, and the prepared aerogel has excellent mechanical properties and good adsorption performance and is suitable for heat preservation and insulation and catalyst carriers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aerogel composite material preparation, and particularly relates to bisphenol F type ultrahigh-strength benzoxazine aerogel.
Background
The aerogel is a solid material which is assembled by nano particles and has a three-dimensional structure and ultrahigh porosity, has properties exceeding those of traditional materials, such as ultralight weight, ultrahigh porosity, ultralow thermal conductivity, ultralow sound velocity, ultralow dielectric constant, ultrawide refractive index range and the like, and is a key material in the fields of aerospace, heat preservation and insulation, new energy, adsorption catalysis and the like. Another significant feature of aerogels is their large structural and property tunability. The benzoxazine aerogel (PBZ) is a novel thermosetting material, has the characteristics of high modulus, high strength, good heat resistance, low water absorption, insulation above F and H levels and the like, does not release small molecules in the curing process, has almost zero curing shrinkage rate, and has good material processing and composite material manufacturing capabilities, so the benzoxazine aerogel has unique performance advantages and wide application prospect.
At present, most of researches and reports about PBZ aerogel take bisphenol A as a monomer raw material, and the preparation time and cost are high due to the adoption of thermal catalytic polymerization and supercritical drying or normal-pressure drying, so that the popularization of the benzoxazine aerogel is severely limited; on the other hand, from the perspective of polymers, benzoxazine is a class of thermosetting materials, and benzoxazine materials with different components, structures and properties can be obtained by polymerizing different monomers. Compared with bisphenol A benzoxazine, bisphenol F benzoxazine has more excellent mechanical property and flame retardant property, but the preparation and the performance of bisphenol F benzoxazine aerogel are not reported.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a super-high strength bisphenol F type benzoxazine aerogel which is prepared by taking a bisphenol F type benzoxazine monomer as a raw material and performing supercritical drying or normal pressure drying through high-temperature or acid-catalyzed polymerization.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a bisphenol F type ultrahigh-strength benzoxazine aerogel takes a bisphenol F type benzoxazine monomer as a raw material, and the F type benzoxazine monomer is dissolved in a solvent and dried to obtain the benzoxazine aerogel.
By way of limitation, the method comprises the following steps:
dissolving a bisphenol F type benzoxazine monomer in a strong polar solvent, and stirring until the bisphenol F type benzoxazine monomer is completely dissolved to obtain a clear and transparent benzoxazine monomer solution;
step two, adding acid as a catalyst into the benzoxazine monomer solution prepared in the step one, wherein the volume ratio of the acid to the bisphenol F type benzoxazine monomer is 1-2 ml: 22ml, the reaction temperature is 10-50 ℃, and the stirring reaction is carried out for 10-30min to obtain polybenzoxazine sol;
pouring the polybenzoxazine sol prepared in the step two into a container, sealing and standing for 3-16h to obtain polybenzoxazine gel, and carrying out solvent cleaning on the polybenzoxazine gel for multiple times, wherein the cleaning time is 10-14h each time to obtain polybenzoxazine gel;
step four, subjecting the polybenzoxazine gel cleaned by the solvent obtained in the step three to CO treatment2And (4) drying the benzoxazine aerogel by using a supercritical fluid.
As another limitation, the strong polar solvent is any one of dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide and xylene.
As another limitation, the concentration of the benzoxazine monomer solution is 10% to 40%.
As another limitation, the acid catalyst is any one of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, oxalic acid and p-benzenesulfonic acid.
As another limitation, the acid catalyst is hydrochloric acid.
As another limitation, the sealing standing time is 6-10 h.
As another limitation, the solvent used for solvent cleaning is dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, n-pentane and acetone, and the dimethylformamide, the acetonitrile, the n-pentane and the acetone are sequentially subjected to solvent cleaning, wherein each solvent is cleaned for 12 hours.
As another limitation, the dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, n-pentane and acetone are washed for 2 times in each solvent, and each washing time is 12 h.
As another limitation, the temperature of the drying treatment is 100-200 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the technical progress that:
(1) the benzoxazine aerogel takes bisphenol F type benzoxazine monomer as a raw material, can be polymerized by high temperature or acid catalysis, and is prepared by supercritical drying or normal pressure drying, the preparation method of the polymer aerogel is simple, the prepared composite aerogel has excellent mechanical properties, contains a large number of cavities in the structure, has large specific surface area, has good adsorption performance, and can be used for heat preservation and insulation, catalyst carriers and other aspects;
(2) the Young modulus of the prepared benzoxazine aerogel can reach 1020MPa, the heat conductivity coefficient can be as low as 0.072W/mk, and the carbon residue rate at 800 ℃ is as high as 62%.
In conclusion, the invention adopts the bisphenol F type benzoxazine monomer as the raw material to prepare the benzoxazine aerogel, the preparation method is simple, and the prepared aerogel has excellent mechanical properties and good adsorption performance and is suitable for heat preservation and insulation and catalyst carriers.
Invention of attached drawing
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a picture of a benzoxazine aerogel prepared in example 2 by the preparation method of the benzoxazine aerogel according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a stress-strain curve of the benzoxazine aerogel prepared in example 2 according to the preparation method of the benzoxazine aerogel of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only for the purpose of illustrating and describing the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Example 1
Bisphenol F type ultrahigh-strength benzoxazine aerogel
Taking 20g of bisphenol F type benzoxazine monomer, taking 58ml of xylene to fully dissolve the benzoxazine monomer, then placing the mixture into a mold, keeping the temperature at 130 ℃ for 96h, then drying the hydrogel at room temperature and pressure for 48h, respectively curing the aerogel at 160 ℃ for 1h, curing the aerogel at 180 ℃ for 1h, and curing the aerogel at 200 ℃ for 2h to finally prepare the benzoxazine aerogel.
The benzoxazine aerogel prepared in the example has the Young modulus of 733MPa and the density of 0.48g/cm3The thermal conductivity coefficient is 0.112 w/m.k, and the carbon residue rate at 800 ℃ is 56%.
Example 2
Bisphenol F type ultrahigh-strength benzoxazine aerogel
Taking 20g of bisphenol F benzoxazine monomer and 42ml of dimethylformamide, mixing, fully dissolving at 80 ℃, and cooling to room temperature after complete dissolution; mixing 3.8ml of concentrated hydrochloric acid with 42ml of dimethylformamide solvent, fully mixing with benzoxazine solution after mixing, fully stirring for 15min at 25 ℃, putting into a mould after stirring, gelling for 6h at normal temperature, demoulding after gelling, fully cleaning the obtained wet gel with dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, n-pentane and acetone for 2 times, wherein the cleaning time is 12h each time, standing for 24h at normal temperature and normal pressure after cleaning, drying, and performing heat treatment at 180 ℃ for 24h after drying.
The benzoxazine aerogel prepared in the example has the Young modulus of 1020MPa and the density of 0.53g/cm3The coefficient of thermal conductivity is 0.072 w/m.k, and the carbon residue rate at 800 ℃ is 62%.
Example 3
Bisphenol F type ultrahigh-strength benzoxazine aerogel
Taking 18g of bisphenol F benzoxazine monomer and 38ml of dimethylformamide, mixing, fully dissolving at 80 ℃, and cooling to room temperature after complete dissolution; mixing 3.6ml of concentrated hydrochloric acid with 38ml of dimethylformamide solvent, fully mixing with benzoxazine solution after mixing, fully stirring for 20min at 30 ℃, putting into a mould after stirring, gelling for 8h at normal temperature, demoulding after gelling, fully cleaning the obtained wet gel with dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, n-pentane and acetone for 2 times, wherein the cleaning time is 12h each time, standing for 24h at normal temperature and normal pressure after cleaning, drying, and performing heat treatment for 24h at 200 ℃ after drying.
The Young modulus of the benzoxazine aerogel prepared in the embodiment is 672MPa, and the density is 0.43g/cm3The thermal conductivity coefficient is 0.078 w/m.k, and the residual carbon rate at 800 ℃ is 59%.
Example 4
Bisphenol F type ultrahigh-strength benzoxazine aerogel
Taking 20g of bisphenol F benzoxazine monomer and 42ml of N-methyl pyrrolidone, mixing, fully dissolving at 80 ℃, and cooling to room temperature after complete dissolution; mixing 3.8ml of concentrated hydrochloric acid with 42ml of N-methylpyrrolidone solvent, fully mixing with a benzoxazine solution after mixing, fully stirring for 30min at 10 ℃, putting into a mould after stirring, gelling for 10h at normal temperature, demoulding after gelling, fully cleaning the obtained wet gel with dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, n-pentane and acetone for 2 times, wherein the cleaning time is 10h each time, standing for 24h at normal temperature and normal pressure after cleaning, drying, and performing heat treatment for 24h at 150 ℃ after drying.
The Young modulus of the benzoxazine aerogel prepared in the embodiment is 982MPa, and the density is 0.51g/cm3The coefficient of thermal conductivity is 0.091 w/m.k, and the residual carbon rate at 800 ℃ is 60%.
Example 5
Bisphenol F type ultrahigh-strength benzoxazine aerogel
Taking 20g of bisphenol F benzoxazine monomer, taking 42ml of dimethyl sulfoxide, mixing, fully dissolving at 80 ℃, and cooling to room temperature after complete dissolution; mixing 3.8ml of oxalic acid with 42ml of dimethyl sulfoxide solvent, fully mixing with benzoxazine solution after mixing, fully stirring for 20min at 20 ℃, putting into a mould after stirring, gelling for 9h at normal temperature, demoulding after gelling, fully cleaning the obtained wet gel with dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, n-pentane and acetone for 2 times, wherein the cleaning time is 11h each time, standing for 24h at normal temperature and normal pressure after cleaning, drying, and performing heat treatment for 24h at 130 ℃ after drying.
The benzoxazine aerogel prepared in the example has Young modulus of 960MPa and density of 0.47g/cm3The thermal conductivity was 0.122 w/m.k, and the residual carbon rate at 800 ℃ was 63%.
Example 6
Bisphenol F type ultrahigh-strength benzoxazine aerogel
Taking 20g of bisphenol F benzoxazine monomer, taking 42ml of dimethyl sulfoxide, mixing, fully dissolving at 80 ℃, and cooling to room temperature after complete dissolution; mixing 3.8ml of nitric acid with 42ml of dimethyl sulfoxide solvent, fully mixing with benzoxazine solution after mixing, fully stirring for 10min at 50 ℃, loading into a mould after stirring, gelling for 7h at normal temperature, demoulding after gelling, fully cleaning the obtained wet gel with dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, n-pentane and acetone for 2 times, wherein the cleaning time is 14h each time, standing for 24h at normal temperature and normal pressure after cleaning, drying, and performing heat treatment at 100 ℃ for 24h after drying.
The Young modulus of the benzoxazine aerogel prepared in the embodiment is 810MPa, and the density is 0.45g/cm3The thermal conductivity was 0.098 w/m.k, and the carbon residue rate at 800 ℃ was 54%.
Example 7
Bisphenol F type ultrahigh-strength benzoxazine aerogel
Taking 20g of bisphenol F benzoxazine monomer and 42ml of dimethylformamide, mixing, fully dissolving at 80 ℃, and cooling to room temperature after complete dissolution; mixing 3.6ml of p-benzenesulfonic acid with 38ml of dimethylformamide solvent, fully mixing with benzoxazine solution after mixing, fully stirring for 25min at 45 ℃, loading into a mold after stirring, gelling for 8h at normal temperature, demolding after gelling, fully cleaning the obtained wet gel with dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, n-pentane and acetone for 2 times, wherein the cleaning time is 13h each time, standing for 24h at normal temperature and normal pressure after cleaning, drying, and performing heat treatment at 200 ℃ for 24h after drying.
The Young modulus of the benzoxazine aerogel prepared in the embodiment is 760MPa, and the density is 0.42g/cm3The thermal conductivity coefficient is 0.074 w/m.k, and the residual carbon rate at 800 ℃ is 57%.
The bisphenol F type benzoxazine aerogel prepared by the embodiment has the advantages of complete structure, small volume shrinkage after drying, light weight, ultrahigh mechanical strength, excellent thermal stability, high carbon residue rate, inherent excellent flame retardant property, hydrophobicity and heat insulation property.
Finally, the invention is as follows: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A bisphenol F type ultrahigh-strength benzoxazine aerogel is characterized in that: the benzoxazine aerogel takes bisphenol F type benzoxazine monomer as a raw material, and the F type benzoxazine monomer is dissolved and dried by a solvent to obtain the benzoxazine aerogel.
2. The bisphenol F type ultra-high strength benzoxazine aerogel according to claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
dissolving a bisphenol F type benzoxazine monomer in a strong polar solvent, and stirring until the bisphenol F type benzoxazine monomer is completely dissolved to obtain a clear and transparent benzoxazine monomer solution;
step two, adding acid as a catalyst into the benzoxazine monomer solution prepared in the step one, wherein the volume ratio of the acid to the bisphenol F type benzoxazine monomer solution is 1-2 ml: 22ml, the reaction temperature is 10-50 ℃, and the stirring reaction is carried out for 10-30min to obtain polybenzoxazine sol;
pouring the polybenzoxazine sol prepared in the step two into a container, sealing and standing for 3-16h to obtain polybenzoxazine gel, and carrying out solvent cleaning on the polybenzoxazine gel for multiple times, wherein the cleaning time is 10-14h each time to obtain the polybenzoxazine gel;
step four, subjecting the polybenzoxazine gel cleaned by the solvent obtained in the step three to CO treatment2Drying place of supercritical fluidAnd obtaining the benzoxazine aerogel.
3. The bisphenol F type ultra-high strength benzoxazine aerogel according to claim 2, wherein: the strong polar solvent is any one of dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide and xylene.
4. The bisphenol F type ultra-high strength benzoxazine aerogel according to claim 2, wherein: the concentration of the benzoxazine monomer solution is 10% -40%.
5. The bisphenol F type ultra-high strength benzoxazine aerogel according to claim 2, wherein: the acid catalyst is any one of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, oxalic acid and p-benzenesulfonic acid.
6. The bisphenol F type ultra-high strength benzoxazine aerogel according to claim 2, wherein: the acid catalyst is concentrated hydrochloric acid.
7. The bisphenol F type ultra-high strength benzoxazine aerogel according to claim 2, wherein: the sealing and standing time is 6-10 h.
8. The bisphenol F type ultra-high strength benzoxazine aerogel according to claim 2, wherein: the solvent used for solvent cleaning is dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, n-pentane and acetone, the dimethylformamide, the acetonitrile, the n-pentane and the acetone are sequentially subjected to solvent cleaning, and each solvent is cleaned for 12 hours each time.
9. The bisphenol F type ultra-high strength benzoxazine aerogel according to claim 8, wherein: and 2 times of washing is carried out on each solvent of the dimethylformamide, the acetonitrile, the n-pentane and the acetone, and the washing time is 12 hours each time.
10. The bisphenol F type ultra-high strength benzoxazine aerogel according to claim 2, wherein: the temperature of the drying treatment is 100-200 ℃.
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Cited By (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115612165A (en) * | 2022-10-19 | 2023-01-17 | 西南石油大学 | Flame-retardant benzoxazine aerogel and preparation method thereof |
| CN116063704A (en) * | 2023-02-06 | 2023-05-05 | 成都大学 | Benzoxazine nitrile-based resin gel and low-temperature preparation method thereof |
| CN116355273A (en) * | 2023-04-11 | 2023-06-30 | 石家庄铁道大学 | Polybenzoxazine aerogel film and preparation method thereof |
| CN116535732A (en) * | 2023-05-23 | 2023-08-04 | 西南石油大学 | Flame-retardant double-network benzoxazine aerogel and preparation method thereof |
| CN116622118A (en) * | 2023-04-11 | 2023-08-22 | 山东大学 | Tough polybenzoxazine aerogel and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115612165A (en) * | 2022-10-19 | 2023-01-17 | 西南石油大学 | Flame-retardant benzoxazine aerogel and preparation method thereof |
| CN115612165B (en) * | 2022-10-19 | 2023-08-22 | 西南石油大学 | Flame-retardant benzoxazine aerogel and preparation method thereof |
| CN116063704A (en) * | 2023-02-06 | 2023-05-05 | 成都大学 | Benzoxazine nitrile-based resin gel and low-temperature preparation method thereof |
| CN116063704B (en) * | 2023-02-06 | 2023-09-29 | 成都大学 | Benzoxazine nitrile-based resin gel and low-temperature preparation method thereof |
| CN116355273A (en) * | 2023-04-11 | 2023-06-30 | 石家庄铁道大学 | Polybenzoxazine aerogel film and preparation method thereof |
| CN116622118A (en) * | 2023-04-11 | 2023-08-22 | 山东大学 | Tough polybenzoxazine aerogel and preparation method thereof |
| CN116355273B (en) * | 2023-04-11 | 2023-10-31 | 石家庄铁道大学 | Polybenzoxazine aerogel film and preparation method thereof |
| CN116622118B (en) * | 2023-04-11 | 2024-01-30 | 山东大学 | Tough polybenzoxazine aerogel and preparation method thereof |
| CN116535732A (en) * | 2023-05-23 | 2023-08-04 | 西南石油大学 | Flame-retardant double-network benzoxazine aerogel and preparation method thereof |
| CN116535732B (en) * | 2023-05-23 | 2024-04-05 | 西南石油大学 | Flame-retardant double-network benzoxazine aerogel and preparation method thereof |
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