CN113601633A - Bamboo-wood composite container bottom plate and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Bamboo-wood composite container bottom plate and manufacturing method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113601633A
CN113601633A CN202110942391.9A CN202110942391A CN113601633A CN 113601633 A CN113601633 A CN 113601633A CN 202110942391 A CN202110942391 A CN 202110942391A CN 113601633 A CN113601633 A CN 113601633A
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layer
bamboo
phenolic resin
solution
product
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张俊
陈翔
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Fujian Qingchen Bamboo Industry Co ltd
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Fujian Qingchen Bamboo Industry Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/16—Inorganic impregnating agents
    • B27K3/32—Mixtures of different inorganic impregnating agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
    • B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
    • B27D1/10—Butting blanks of veneer; Joining same along edges; Preparatory processing of edges, e.g. cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
    • B27D3/00—Veneer presses; Press plates; Plywood presses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27G—ACCESSORY MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR WORKING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS; TOOLS FOR WORKING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS; SAFETY DEVICES FOR WOOD WORKING MACHINES OR TOOLS
    • B27G11/00—Applying adhesives or glue to surfaces of wood to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/52—Impregnating agents containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/001—Heating

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a bamboo-wood composite container bottom plate and a manufacturing method thereof, belonging to the field of bamboo-wood glued composite plates.A blank structure of the bottom plate is a twenty-one layer structure, wherein a first layer and a twenty-one layer are bamboo mats, a second layer and a twentieth layer are transverse wood veneers, a third layer, a seventh layer, a tenth layer, a fourteenth layer and a nineteenth layer are longitudinal bamboo curtains, a fourth layer, a sixth layer, a fifteenth layer and a seventeenth layer are longitudinal wood veneers, a fifth layer, an eighth layer, a twelfth layer, a sixteenth layer and an eighteenth layer are transverse bamboo curtains, a ninth layer and a thirteenth layer are phenolic resin plates, and the eleventh layer is an alloy aluminum plate; gluing the layers by phenolic resin adhesive; the assembly structure which is reasonably arranged and alternated in the vertical and horizontal directions is used, so that the use requirement of the container bottom plate can be better met; the aluminum-based alloy material with low density and high specific stiffness and the phenolic resin plate are embedded in the existing composite layer structure, so that the mechanical property of the bottom plate is improved.

Description

Bamboo-wood composite container bottom plate and manufacturing method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of bamboo-wood glued composite boards, in particular to a bamboo-wood composite container bottom board and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The container manufacturing industry in China develops rapidly and rises to be the largest export country of containerization. The container bottom plate is an important component and a main bearing accessory of the container, and the cargo load is directly acted on the bottom plate, so the container bottom plate has higher requirements on the physical and mechanical properties such as the hardness and the strength of the bottom plate, needs to be high-strength and durable, needs to be specially treated, and is a structural plate with higher requirements on technical properties. The traditional bottom plate takes tropical broad-leaved wood with high strength characteristic and mainly made of southeast Asia clone wood as a raw material, and is manufactured by rotary cutting large-diameter logs into single plates, combining a plurality of layers of single plates and hot-pressing the single plates into plywood; the continuous demand for large diameter logs in the container industry has led to the imminent exhaustion of clonal wood in southeast Asia, which has limited the materials used for the container floor, and the problem of finding alternative materials for the container floor is imminent.
The bamboo resources are rich in China, and the bamboo has a short growth cycle, compared with wood, the bamboo wood container has the characteristics of high strength, good toughness, large rigidity, easy longitudinal cutting and the like, and the bamboo wood composite container bottom plate has a good development prospect in place of clone wood; in order to adapt to the characteristic of repeated use of the container, the quality requirement of the bottom plate of the container is very high: the longitudinal static bending strength is more than or equal to 90Mpa, and the elastic modulus is more than or equal to 10000 Mpa; the transverse static bending strength is more than or equal to 35Mpa, and the elastic modulus is more than or equal to 3500 Mpa; the bonding strength is more than or equal to 1.8Mpa, and with the rapid development of container manufacturing industry in China, higher requirements are provided for the technical performance of the container bottom plate in the application of taking the bamboo-wood composite plywood as the container bottom plate, and the existing bamboo-wood composite plywood can not completely meet the technical performance requirements of the container bottom plate.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a bamboo-wood composite container bottom plate and a manufacturing method thereof.
The purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a bamboo-wood composite container bottom plate is characterized in that a blank structure of the bamboo-wood composite container bottom plate is a twenty-one layer structure, a first layer and a twenty-one layer are bamboo mats, a second layer and a twentieth layer are transverse wood veneers, a third layer, a seventh layer, a tenth layer, a fourteenth layer and a nineteenth layer are longitudinal bamboo curtains, a fourth layer, a sixth layer, a fifteenth layer and a seventeenth layer are longitudinal wood veneers, a fifth layer, an eighth layer, a twelfth layer, a sixteenth layer and an eighteenth layer are transverse bamboo curtains, a ninth layer and a thirteenth layer are phenolic resin plates, and the eleventh layer is an alloy aluminum plate; the layers are glued by phenolic resin adhesive.
Preferably, the transverse wood veneer is a pine board or a birch board; the longitudinal wood veneer is a pine board or a birch board.
Preferably, the pinewood board or birch board is pretreated by the following steps:
drying the pine boards or the birch boards until the water content is below 5 wt.%, immersing the pine boards or the birch boards into a soaking solution, wherein the soaking solution is an acetate buffer solution containing 1-2 wt.% of sodium chlorite, the soaking temperature is 80-90 ℃, the soaking time is 10-12h, rinsing with clear water after soaking is finished, immersing the pine boards or the birch boards into a phosphate solution with the calcium ion concentration of 0.4-2.0mol/L for 4-6h, performing high-temperature hot pressing treatment after soaking is finished, and obtaining the pretreated pine boards or birch boards, wherein the hot pressing temperature is 100-plus materials and the hot pressing pressure is 1-1.2 MPa.
Preferably, the preparation method of the phenolic resin adhesive comprises the following steps:
a1, weighing 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol and 37% formaldehyde solution respectively, mixing, adding deionized water for dilution, adding lignosulfonic acid, stirring uniformly, heating and refluxing in a protective atmosphere for 4-6h, separating precipitates after the reaction is finished, and washing the precipitates with ethanol solution to obtain a product A;
wherein the mixing weight ratio of the 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol to the formaldehyde solution, the deionized water and the lignosulfonic acid is (2.7-2.8): 0.8: (20-25): 1;
a2, weighing and mixing the product A, triethylbenzylammonium chloride and epoxy chloropropane respectively, heating and stirring at the temperature below 80 ℃ until the mixture is completely mixed, adding a sodium hydroxide solution after cooling to the room temperature, stirring and reacting for 0.5-1h at the room temperature, adding ethyl acetate, fully stirring and mixing, separating an organic layer, drying the organic layer by anhydrous sodium sulfate, and then carrying out reduced pressure evaporation to remove the ethyl acetate and the epoxy chloropropane to obtain a product B;
wherein the weight ratio of the product A to the triethyl benzyl ammonium chloride to the epichlorohydrin is (6-7): 1: (13-15); the weight ratio of sodium hydroxide in the sodium hydroxide solution to the product A is (0.5-0.6): 1;
a3, weighing the product B and tetrabutylammonium iodide respectively, adding the product B and tetrabutylammonium iodide into a high-pressure reaction kettle, carrying out a closed reaction in the atmosphere of high-pressure carbon dioxide, wherein the reaction pressure is 1-2MPa, the reaction temperature is 100-150 ℃, the reaction time is 1-2h, adding ethyl acetate into the cooled reaction product, fully stirring and mixing, separating an organic layer, and carrying out reduced pressure distillation to remove ethyl acetate and epoxy chloropropane to obtain a product C;
wherein the mixing weight ratio of the product B to the tetrabutylammonium iodide is 1: (22-25);
a4, according to the weight ratio of 10: (2.4-3.6): (5.8-6.2): (2-2.5) weighing phenol, the product C, a 37% formaldehyde solution and a 50 wt.% sodium hydroxide solution for later use, heating the phenol, the product C, one third of the formaldehyde solution and one third of the sodium hydroxide solution at a temperature below 85 ℃ to completely melt and mix the system, adding one third of the formaldehyde solution and one third of the sodium hydroxide solution, continuing to stir at the constant temperature for 50-60min, adding the rest of the formaldehyde solution and the sodium hydroxide solution, and quickly cooling the system to a temperature below 70 ℃ when the viscosity reaches 100-150mPa · s by stirring at the constant temperature to obtain the phenolic resin adhesive.
Preferably, the preparation method of the phenolic resin plate comprises the following steps:
b1, weighing 2,2,6, 6-tetramethyl-1-piperidone and sodium bromide respectively, dissolving the 2,2,6, 6-tetramethyl-1-piperidone and the sodium bromide in deionized water to prepare mixed solutions with the concentrations of 0.15-0.2g/L and 1g/L respectively, adding wood pulp according to the liquid-material ratio of 20-30ml/g, uniformly dispersing, adding a hydrochloric acid solution to adjust the pH of the solution to 10 +/-1, adding a sodium hydroxide solution to keep the pH of the solution to 10 +/-1, stirring to react until the pH of the mixed solution is not reduced, separating out insoluble substances, rinsing with clear water, and drying to obtain a product D;
b2, mixing the raw materials in a weight ratio of 1: (4-4.2): (2.2-2.4) weighing phenol, 37% of formaldehyde solution and 50 wt.% of sodium hydroxide solution, mixing, stirring and reacting at 75-85 ℃ for 0.5-1h, adjusting the pH of the system to be neutral by using hydrochloric acid solution, concentrating under reduced pressure, adding absolute ethyl alcohol for diluting, separating filtrate, and evaporating the filtrate to remove ethanol to obtain resol;
b3, respectively weighing the product D, chitosan and glacial acetic acid, ultrasonically dispersing the product D, chitosan and glacial acetic acid in deionized water, adding the soluble phenolic aldehyde after uniform dispersion, continuing to ultrasonically disperse the soluble phenolic aldehyde uniformly, pouring the mixture into a mold, standing for gelation, and performing thermal curing treatment at the temperature of 180 ℃ for 0.5-2 hours after freeze drying to obtain the phenolic resin plate;
wherein the weight ratio of the product D to the chitosan, the glacial acetic acid, the deionized water and the soluble phenolic aldehyde is (14.5-15): 1: (1-1.1): (85-100): (1.7-2).
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the bamboo-wood composite container bottom plate, which comprises the following steps:
dipping the bamboo curtain and the bamboo mat in the phenolic resin adhesive for gluing, taking out after gluing, and drying to enable the water content of the bamboo curtain and the bamboo mat to be below 15 wt%; and coating the phenolic resin adhesive on the surfaces of the wood veneer, the phenolic resin plate and the alloy aluminum plate, standing for 4-8h, assembling the bamboo curtain, the bamboo mat, the wood veneer, the phenolic resin plate and the alloy aluminum plate in a longitudinal and transverse mode, performing hot press molding, releasing pressure after cooling, discharging the plate, and performing intercept and edge milling processing to obtain the bamboo-wood composite container bottom plate.
Preferably, the gluing amount of the bamboo curtain and the bamboo mat is 70-80g/m2The gluing amount of the wood veneer, the phenolic resin plate and the aluminum alloy plate is 300-320g/m2。
Preferably, the pressure of the hot-press molding is 4-5Mpa, the hot-press temperature is 100-130 ℃, and the hot-press time is 30-50 min.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention uses the assembly structure which is reasonably arranged and vertically and horizontally alternated, the hierarchical structure is reasonable and stable in design, and the use requirement of the container bottom plate can be better met; the aluminum-based alloy material and the phenolic resin plate with low density and high specific stiffness are embedded in the existing multilayer bamboo-wood composite layer structure, so that the felling requirement of wood raw materials is reduced, and the bending strength and the shock resistance of the composite board are improved.
(2) The invention relates to a wood veneer with a microporous channel structure, which is prepared by removing part of lignin and hemicellulose in pine and birch by a chemical treatment method, and hot pressing after calcium phosphate solution is permeated, wherein hydrogen bonds can be formed among abundant functional groups on the surface of the nano-cellulose in the microporous channel, and the nano-cellulose can be combined with calcium ions and PO4 tetrahedron by the modes of the ionic bonds, the hydrogen bonds and the like, thereby improving the density of the wood veneer, reducing the structural defects of the wood veneer, and improving the mechanical properties of the wood veneer, such as strength, toughness and the like.
(3) The bamboo-wood composite container bottom plate needs better water resistance, weather resistance and cementing property, the common phenolic resin adhesive has high curing temperature, slow curing, larger brittleness and easy moisture absorption, the invention has great influence on the adhesive performance and the production efficiency, and aims at the curing problem of the phenolic resin adhesive, the invention improves the curing speed by modifying the phenolic resin, simultaneously, the curing temperature is reduced, in particular to a method which takes lignosulfonic acid as a catalyst, methyl guaiacol as a phenol monomer and formaldehyde as a condensing agent, the method comprises the steps of preparing methylene-linked bis-guaiacol through condensation reaction, carrying out glycidyl etherification and carbonic acid esterification on the methylene-linked bis-guaiacol, epichlorohydrin and carbon dioxide in sequence to obtain a bisphenol product with a bis-carbonate ring, and using the bisphenol product as a curing accelerator to participate in phenolic aldehyde polycondensation to prepare the resol phenolic resin adhesive, so that the curing temperature and curing brittleness of the phenolic resin adhesive are remarkably reduced.
(4) According to the invention, the phenolic resin plate is embedded in the multi-layer bamboo-wood composite layer structure, the usage amount of wood raw materials is reduced, meanwhile, the interlayer adhesive bonding strength is higher based on the good affinity between the phenolic resin plate and an adhesive, the nano-cellulose nanocrystalline from paper pulp is used as a modifier to modify the phenolic resin plate, the gel resin plate with the micro-pore channel structure is obtained through the gelation of chitosan and freeze drying, the nano-cellulose filled micro-pore channel structure is formed in the phenolic resin plate after high-temperature curing, the adhesive strength with the phenolic resin adhesive is improved, the composite plate has excellent light weight and high strength, and the mechanical property of the composite plate is further improved.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
The embodiment relates to a bamboo-wood composite container bottom plate, which has a blank structure of twenty-one layers, wherein the first layer and twenty-one layers are bamboo mats, the second layer and twentieth layer are transverse wood veneers, the third layer, seventh layer, tenth layer, fourteenth layer and nineteenth layer are longitudinal bamboo curtains, the fourth layer, sixth layer, fifteenth layer and seventeenth layer are longitudinal wood veneers, the fifth layer, eighth layer, twelfth layer, sixteenth layer and eighteenth layer are transverse bamboo curtains, the ninth layer and the thirteenth layer are phenolic resin plates, and the eleventh layer is an alloy aluminum plate; gluing the layers by phenolic resin adhesive;
the preparation method of the bamboo-wood composite container bottom plate comprises the following steps:
dipping the bamboo curtain and the bamboo mat in the phenolic resin adhesive for gluing, wherein the gluing amount is 75g/m2After gluing, taking out and drying the bamboo curtain and the bamboo mat to enable the water content of the bamboo curtain and the bamboo mat to be below 15 wt%; coating the phenolic resin adhesive on the surfaces of the wood veneer, the phenolic resin plate and the alloy aluminum plate, wherein the gluing amount is 300g/m2Standing for 4-8h, assembling the bamboo curtain, the bamboo mat, the wood veneer, the phenolic resin plate and the alloy aluminum plate vertically and horizontally, performing hot press molding, performing hot press pressure of 4.5MPa, hot press temperature of 120 ℃, performing hot press time of 40min, cooling, releasing pressure, discharging the plate, and performing intercept and edge milling processing to obtain the bamboo-wood composite container bottom plate;
the transverse wood veneer and the longitudinal wood veneer are pine boards or birch boards;
the preparation method of the phenolic resin adhesive comprises the following steps:
a1, weighing 2.7 parts of 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol and 0.8 part of 37% formaldehyde solution respectively, mixing, adding 20 parts of deionized water for dilution, adding 1 part of lignosulfonic acid, stirring uniformly, heating and refluxing in a protective atmosphere for reaction for 4-6 hours, separating precipitates after the reaction is finished, and washing the precipitates with an ethanol solution to obtain a product A;
a2, weighing and mixing 6 parts of the product A, 1 part of triethylbenzylammonium chloride and 14 parts of epoxy chloropropane respectively, heating and stirring at the temperature below 80 ℃ until the mixture is completely mixed, cooling to room temperature, adding a sodium hydroxide solution for extraction, stirring and reacting for 0.5-1h at the room temperature, adding ethyl acetate, fully stirring and mixing, separating an organic layer, drying the organic layer with anhydrous sodium sulfate, and then carrying out reduced pressure evaporation to remove the ethyl acetate and the epoxy chloropropane to obtain a product B;
a3, weighing the product B1 parts and tetrabutylammonium iodide 22 parts respectively, adding the weighed product B and tetrabutylammonium iodide into a high-pressure reaction kettle, carrying out closed reaction in the atmosphere of high-pressure carbon dioxide, adding ethyl acetate into the cooled reaction product, fully stirring and mixing the mixture, separating an organic layer, and carrying out reduced pressure evaporation to remove ethyl acetate and epoxy chloropropane to obtain a product C, wherein the reaction pressure is 1.42MPa, the reaction temperature is 125 ℃ and the reaction time is 1.5 h;
a4, weighing 10 parts of phenol, 3 parts of the product C, 6 parts of 37% formaldehyde solution and 2.2 parts of 50 wt.% sodium hydroxide solution for later use, heating the 10 parts of phenol, the 3 parts of the product C, 2 parts of formaldehyde solution and 0.7 part of sodium hydroxide solution at a temperature below 85 ℃ to completely melt and mix the system, continuing to stir for 50-60min at the temperature, adding the rest formaldehyde solution and sodium hydroxide solution, and quickly cooling the system to a temperature below 70 ℃ when the viscosity reaches 100-150mPa · s by stirring at the temperature to obtain the phenolic resin adhesive.
Example 2
The embodiment relates to a bamboo-wood composite container bottom plate, which has a blank structure of twenty-one layers, wherein the first layer and twenty-one layers are bamboo mats, the second layer and twentieth layer are transverse wood veneers, the third layer, seventh layer, tenth layer, fourteenth layer and nineteenth layer are longitudinal bamboo curtains, the fourth layer, sixth layer, fifteenth layer and seventeenth layer are longitudinal wood veneers, the fifth layer, eighth layer, twelfth layer, sixteenth layer and eighteenth layer are transverse bamboo curtains, the ninth layer and the thirteenth layer are phenolic resin plates, and the eleventh layer is an alloy aluminum plate; gluing the layers by phenolic resin adhesive;
the preparation method of the bamboo-wood composite container bottom plate comprises the following steps:
dipping the bamboo curtain and the bamboo mat in the phenolic resin adhesive for gluing, wherein the gluing amount is 75g/m2After gluing, taking out and drying the bamboo curtain and the bamboo mat to enable the water content of the bamboo curtain and the bamboo mat to be below 15 wt%; coating the phenolic resin adhesive on the surfaces of the wood veneer, the phenolic resin plate and the alloy aluminum plate, wherein the gluing amount is 300g/m2Standing for 4-8h, assembling the bamboo curtain, the bamboo mat, the wood veneer, the phenolic resin plate and the alloy aluminum plate vertically and horizontally, performing hot press molding, performing hot press pressure of 4.5MPa, hot press temperature of 120 ℃, performing hot press time of 40min, cooling, releasing pressure, discharging the plate, and performing intercept and edge milling processing to obtain the bamboo-wood composite container bottom plate;
the transverse wood veneer and the longitudinal wood veneer are pine boards or birch boards, and the pine boards or the birch boards are pretreated by the following steps:
drying the pine board or the birch board until the water content is below 5 wt.%, immersing the pine board or the birch board into a soaking solution, wherein the soaking solution is an acetate buffer solution containing 1.5 wt.% of sodium chlorite, the soaking temperature is 80-90 ℃, the soaking time is 10-12h, rinsing with clear water after soaking is finished, immersing the pine board or the birch board into a phosphate solution with the calcium ion concentration of 1.0mol/L for 5h, performing high-temperature hot-pressing treatment after soaking is finished, and obtaining a pretreated pine board or birch board, wherein the hot-pressing temperature is 100 ℃, and the hot-pressing pressure is 1.2 MPa;
the preparation method of the phenolic resin adhesive is the same as that of example 1.
Example 3
The embodiment relates to a bamboo-wood composite container bottom plate, which has a blank structure of twenty-one layers, wherein the first layer and twenty-one layers are bamboo mats, the second layer and twentieth layer are transverse wood veneers, the third layer, seventh layer, tenth layer, fourteenth layer and nineteenth layer are longitudinal bamboo curtains, the fourth layer, sixth layer, fifteenth layer and seventeenth layer are longitudinal wood veneers, the fifth layer, eighth layer, twelfth layer, sixteenth layer and eighteenth layer are transverse bamboo curtains, the ninth layer and the thirteenth layer are phenolic resin plates, and the eleventh layer is an alloy aluminum plate; the layers are glued by phenolic resin adhesive.
The preparation method of the bamboo-wood composite container bottom plate comprises the following steps:
dipping the bamboo curtain and the bamboo mat in the phenolic resin adhesive for gluing, wherein the gluing amount is 75g/m2After gluing, taking out and drying the bamboo curtain and the bamboo mat to enable the water content of the bamboo curtain and the bamboo mat to be below 15 wt%; coating the phenolic resin adhesive on the surfaces of the wood veneer, the phenolic resin plate and the alloy aluminum plate, wherein the gluing amount is 300g/m2Standing for 4-8h, assembling the bamboo curtain, the bamboo mat, the wood veneer, the phenolic resin plate and the alloy aluminum plate vertically and horizontally, performing hot press molding, performing hot press pressure of 4.5MPa, hot press temperature of 120 ℃, performing hot press time of 40min, cooling, releasing pressure, discharging the plate, and performing intercept and edge milling processing to obtain the bamboo-wood composite container bottom plate;
the transverse wood veneer and the longitudinal wood veneer are pine boards or birch boards, and the pine boards or the birch boards are pretreated by the following steps:
drying the pine board or the birch board until the water content is below 5 wt.%, immersing the pine board or the birch board into a soaking solution, wherein the soaking solution is an acetate buffer solution containing 1.5 wt.% of sodium chlorite, the soaking temperature is 80-90 ℃, the soaking time is 10-12h, rinsing with clear water after soaking is finished, immersing the pine board or the birch board into a phosphate solution with the calcium ion concentration of 1.0mol/L for 5h, performing high-temperature hot-pressing treatment after soaking is finished, and obtaining a pretreated pine board or birch board, wherein the hot-pressing temperature is 100 ℃, and the hot-pressing pressure is 1.2 MPa;
the preparation method of the phenolic resin adhesive is the same as that of the example 1;
the preparation method of the phenolic resin plate comprises the following steps:
b1, respectively weighing 0.16 part of 2,2,6, 6-tetramethyl-1-piperidone and 1 part of sodium bromide, dissolving the 2,2,6, 6-tetramethyl-1-piperidone and 1 part of sodium bromide in 1000 parts of deionized water, adding 3.5 parts of wood pulp, uniformly dispersing, adding a hydrochloric acid solution to adjust the pH of the solution to 10 +/-1, adding a sodium hydroxide solution to keep the pH of the solution at 10 +/-1, stirring and reacting until the pH of the mixed solution is not reduced any more, separating out insoluble substances, rinsing with clear water, and drying to obtain a product D;
b2, weighing 1 part of phenol, 4 parts of 37% formaldehyde solution and 2.2 parts of 50 wt.% sodium hydroxide solution, mixing, stirring and reacting at 80 ℃ for 1h, adjusting the pH of the system to be neutral by using hydrochloric acid solution, concentrating under reduced pressure, adding absolute ethyl alcohol for diluting, separating filtrate, and evaporating the filtrate to remove ethanol to obtain soluble phenolic;
b3, respectively weighing the product D15 parts, the chitosan 1 part and the glacial acetic acid 1 part, ultrasonically dispersing the mixture in 100 parts of deionized water, adding the resol 1.8 parts after uniform dispersion, continuing to ultrasonically disperse the mixture uniformly, pouring the mixture into a mold, standing the mixture for gelation, and performing thermal curing treatment at the temperature of 180 ℃ for 1 hour after freeze drying to obtain the phenolic resin plate.
Comparative example 1
The embodiment relates to a bamboo-wood composite container bottom plate, which has a blank structure of twenty-one layers, wherein the first layer and the twenty-one layer are bamboo mats, the second layer and the twentieth layer are transverse wood veneers, the third layer, the seventh layer, the tenth layer, the fourteenth layer and the nineteenth layer are longitudinal bamboo curtains, the fourth layer, the sixth layer, the ninth layer, the eleventh layer, the thirteenth layer, the fifteenth layer and the seventeenth layer are longitudinal wood veneers, the fifth layer, the eighth layer, the twelfth layer, the sixteenth layer and the eighteenth layer are transverse bamboo curtains, and the layers are glued by phenolic resin adhesives;
the preparation method of the bamboo-wood composite container bottom plate comprises the following steps:
dipping the bamboo curtain and the bamboo mat in the phenolic resin adhesive for gluing, wherein the gluing amount is 75g/m2After gluing, taking out and drying the bamboo curtain and the bamboo mat to enable the water content of the bamboo curtain and the bamboo mat to be below 15 wt%; coating the phenolic resin adhesive on the surface of the wood veneer, wherein the gluing amount is 300g/m2Standing for 4-8h, assembling the bamboo curtain, the bamboo mat and the wood veneer vertically and horizontally, performing hot press molding, performing hot press pressure of 4.5MPa, hot press temperature of 160 ℃, hot press time of 40min, releasing pressure after cooling, discharging the plates, and performing intercept and edge milling processing to obtain the bamboo-wood composite container bottom plate;
the transverse wood veneer and the longitudinal wood veneer are pine boards or birch boards;
the preparation method of the phenolic resin adhesive comprises the following steps:
weighing 10 parts of phenol, 6 parts of a 37% formaldehyde solution and 2.2 parts of a 50 wt.% sodium hydroxide solution for later use, heating 10 parts of phenol, 3 parts of the product C, 2 parts of the formaldehyde solution and 0.7 part of the sodium hydroxide solution at a temperature below 85 ℃ to completely melt and mix the system, continuing to stir at the temperature of 2 parts of the formaldehyde solution and 0.7 part of the sodium hydroxide solution for 50-60min, adding the rest of the formaldehyde solution and the rest of the sodium hydroxide solution, and quickly cooling the system to a temperature below 70 ℃ when the viscosity reaches 100-150mPa & s through stirring at the temperature to obtain the phenolic resin adhesive.
Comparative example 2
Like comparative example 1, the pinewood board or birch board is pretreated by the following steps:
drying the pine board or the birch board until the water content is below 5 wt.%, immersing the pine board or the birch board into a soaking solution, wherein the soaking solution is an acetate buffer solution containing 1.5 wt.% of sodium chlorite, the soaking temperature is 80-90 ℃, the soaking time is 10-12h, rinsing with clear water after soaking is finished, immersing the pine board or the birch board into a phosphate solution with the calcium ion concentration of 1.0mol/L for 5h, performing high-temperature hot-pressing treatment after soaking is finished, and the hot-pressing temperature is 100 ℃ and the hot-pressing pressure is 1.2MPa to obtain the pretreated pine board or birch board.
Examples of the experiments
1. Detecting the performance of the phenolic resin adhesive, namely measuring the solid content, the free phenol content and the free aldehyde content of the phenolic resin adhesive prepared in the embodiment 1 and the comparative example 1, wherein the solid content is measured according to G/T24411-2009, the free phenol content is measured according to GB/T30773-2014, and the free aldehyde content is measured according to GB/T14074-2006;
solid content Free phenol content Free aldehyde content Curing conditions
Example 1 45.6％ 0.40％ 0.02％ 130-140℃×20min
Comparative example 1 43.7％ 0.42％ 0.02％ 160-165℃×30min
2. Mechanical property test, the transverse and longitudinal elastic modulus and the static bending strength of the composite base plate of the examples 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-2 are determined according to GB/T19536-2015 and GB/T17657-1999, and the test results are as follows:
standard of merit Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative example 1 Comparative example 2
Transverse static bending strength/MPa ≥35 50.54 51.86 51.96 37.26 43.27
Longitudinal static bending strength/MPa ≥85 120.2 128.3 129.6 90.39 108.9
Transverse modulus of elasticity/MPa ≥3500 6573 6664 6726 4137 5542
Modulus of longitudinal elasticity/MPa ≥10000 11867 12067 12235 10684 10365
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A bamboo-wood composite container bottom plate is characterized in that a first layer and a twenty-first layer are bamboo mats, a second layer and a twentieth layer are transverse wood veneers, a third layer, a seventh layer, a tenth layer, a fourteenth layer and a nineteenth layer are longitudinal bamboo curtains, a fourth layer, a sixth layer, a fifteenth layer and a seventeenth layer are longitudinal wood veneers, a fifth layer, an eighth layer, a twelfth layer, a sixteenth layer and an eighteenth layer are transverse bamboo curtains, a ninth layer and a thirteenth layer are phenolic resin plates, and a eleventh layer is an alloy aluminum plate; the layers are glued by phenolic resin adhesive.
2. The bamboo-wood composite container flooring according to claim 1, wherein the transverse wood veneer is a pine board or a birch board; the longitudinal wood veneer is a pine board or a birch board.
3. The bamboo-wood composite container flooring according to claim 2, wherein the pinewood board or birch board is pretreated by the following steps:
drying the pine boards or the birch boards until the water content is below 5 wt.%, immersing the pine boards or the birch boards into a soaking solution, wherein the soaking solution is an acetate buffer solution containing 1-2 wt.% of sodium chlorite, the soaking temperature is 80-90 ℃, the soaking time is 10-12h, rinsing with clear water after soaking is finished, immersing the pine boards or the birch boards into a phosphate solution with the calcium ion concentration of 0.4-2.0mol/L for 4-6h, performing high-temperature hot pressing treatment after soaking is finished, and obtaining the pretreated pine boards or birch boards, wherein the hot pressing temperature is 100-plus materials and the hot pressing pressure is 1-1.2 MPa.
4. The bamboo-wood composite container flooring according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the phenolic resin adhesive comprises the following steps:
a1, weighing 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol and 37% formaldehyde solution respectively, mixing, adding deionized water for dilution, adding lignosulfonic acid, stirring uniformly, heating and refluxing in a protective atmosphere for 4-6h, separating precipitates after the reaction is finished, and washing the precipitates with ethanol solution to obtain a product A;
wherein the mixing weight ratio of the 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol to the formaldehyde solution, the deionized water and the lignosulfonic acid is (2.7-2.8): 0.8: (20-25): 1;
a2, weighing and mixing the product A, triethylbenzylammonium chloride and epoxy chloropropane respectively, heating and stirring at the temperature below 80 ℃ until the mixture is completely mixed, adding a sodium hydroxide solution after cooling to the room temperature, stirring and reacting for 0.5-1h at the room temperature, adding ethyl acetate, fully stirring and mixing, separating an organic layer, drying the organic layer by anhydrous sodium sulfate, and then carrying out reduced pressure evaporation to remove the ethyl acetate and the epoxy chloropropane to obtain a product B;
wherein the weight ratio of the product A to the triethyl benzyl ammonium chloride to the epichlorohydrin is (6-7): 1: (13-15); the weight ratio of sodium hydroxide in the sodium hydroxide solution to the product A is (0.5-0.6): 1;
a3, weighing the product B and tetrabutylammonium iodide respectively, adding the product B and tetrabutylammonium iodide into a high-pressure reaction kettle, carrying out a closed reaction in the atmosphere of high-pressure carbon dioxide, wherein the reaction pressure is 1-2MPa, the reaction temperature is 100-150 ℃, the reaction time is 1-2h, adding ethyl acetate into the cooled reaction product, fully stirring and mixing, separating an organic layer, and carrying out reduced pressure distillation to remove ethyl acetate and epoxy chloropropane to obtain a product C;
wherein the mixing weight ratio of the product B to the tetrabutylammonium iodide is 1: (22-25);
a4, according to the weight ratio of 10: (2.4-3.6): (5.8-6.2): (2-2.5) weighing phenol, the product C, a 37% formaldehyde solution and a 50 wt.% sodium hydroxide solution for later use, heating the phenol, the product C, one third of the formaldehyde solution and one third of the sodium hydroxide solution at a temperature below 85 ℃ to completely melt and mix the system, adding one third of the formaldehyde solution and one third of the sodium hydroxide solution, continuing to stir at the constant temperature for 50-60min, adding the rest of the formaldehyde solution and the sodium hydroxide solution, and quickly cooling the system to a temperature below 70 ℃ when the viscosity reaches 100-150mPa · s by stirring at the constant temperature to obtain the phenolic resin adhesive.
5. The bamboo-wood composite container flooring according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the phenolic resin plate comprises the following steps:
b1, weighing 2,2,6, 6-tetramethyl-1-piperidone and sodium bromide respectively, dissolving the 2,2,6, 6-tetramethyl-1-piperidone and the sodium bromide in deionized water to prepare mixed solutions with the concentrations of 0.15-0.2g/L and 1g/L respectively, adding wood pulp according to the liquid-material ratio of 20-30ml/g, uniformly dispersing, adding a hydrochloric acid solution to adjust the pH of the solution to 10 +/-1, adding a sodium hydroxide solution to keep the pH of the solution to 10 +/-1, stirring to react until the pH of the mixed solution is not reduced, separating out insoluble substances, rinsing with clear water, and drying to obtain a product D;
b2, mixing the raw materials in a weight ratio of 1: (4-4.2): (2.2-2.4) weighing phenol, 37% of formaldehyde solution and 50 wt.% of sodium hydroxide solution, mixing, stirring and reacting at 75-85 ℃ for 0.5-1h, adjusting the pH of the system to be neutral by using hydrochloric acid solution, concentrating under reduced pressure, adding absolute ethyl alcohol for diluting, separating filtrate, and evaporating the filtrate to remove ethanol to obtain resol;
b3, respectively weighing the product D, chitosan and glacial acetic acid, ultrasonically dispersing the product D, chitosan and glacial acetic acid in deionized water, adding the soluble phenolic aldehyde after uniform dispersion, continuing to ultrasonically disperse the soluble phenolic aldehyde uniformly, pouring the mixture into a mold, standing for gelation, and performing thermal curing treatment at the temperature of 180 ℃ for 0.5-2 hours after freeze drying to obtain the phenolic resin plate;
wherein the weight ratio of the product D to the chitosan, the glacial acetic acid, the deionized water and the soluble phenolic aldehyde is (14.5-15): 1: (1-1.1): (85-100): (1.7-2).
6. The preparation method of the bamboo-wood composite container floor as claimed in one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
dipping the bamboo curtain and the bamboo mat in the phenolic resin adhesive for gluing, taking out after gluing, and drying to enable the water content of the bamboo curtain and the bamboo mat to be below 15 wt%; and coating the phenolic resin adhesive on the surfaces of the wood veneer, the phenolic resin plate and the alloy aluminum plate, standing for 4-8h, assembling the bamboo curtain, the bamboo mat, the wood veneer, the phenolic resin plate and the alloy aluminum plate in a longitudinal and transverse mode, performing hot press molding, releasing pressure after cooling, discharging the plate, and performing intercept and edge milling processing to obtain the bamboo-wood composite container bottom plate.
7. The method for preparing a bamboo-wood composite container floor as claimed in claim 6, wherein the amount of glue applied to the bamboo curtain and mat is 70-80g/m2The gluing amount of the wood veneer, the phenolic resin plate and the aluminum alloy plate is 300-320g/m2。
8. The method for preparing the bamboo-wood composite container floor as claimed in claim 6, wherein the pressure of the hot press molding is 4-5Mpa, the hot press temperature is 100-.
CN202110942391.9A 2021-08-17 2021-08-17 Bamboo-wood composite container bottom plate and manufacturing method thereof Withdrawn CN113601633A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115625762A (en) * 2022-11-14 2023-01-20 千年舟新材科技集团股份有限公司 Manufacturing method and structure of light high-strength plate

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115625762A (en) * 2022-11-14 2023-01-20 千年舟新材科技集团股份有限公司 Manufacturing method and structure of light high-strength plate
CN115625762B (en) * 2022-11-14 2023-08-11 千年舟新材科技集团股份有限公司 Manufacturing method and structure of light high-strength plate

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Application publication date: 20211105