CN113600202A - Catalyst for decomposing nitrous oxide, preparation method thereof and nitrous oxide decomposition method - Google Patents
Catalyst for decomposing nitrous oxide, preparation method thereof and nitrous oxide decomposition method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113600202A CN113600202A CN202111055271.3A CN202111055271A CN113600202A CN 113600202 A CN113600202 A CN 113600202A CN 202111055271 A CN202111055271 A CN 202111055271A CN 113600202 A CN113600202 A CN 113600202A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- oxide
- nitrous oxide
- binder
- decomposition
- Prior art date
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- Granted
Links
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous Oxide Chemical compound [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 138
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 130
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 239000001272 nitrous oxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 19
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000000051 modifying effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000287 alkaline earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229960001730 nitrous oxide Drugs 0.000 description 50
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 32
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- -1 alkali metal salt Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 12
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- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 10
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 235000013842 nitrous oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 9
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 8
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- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 8
- 241000219782 Sesbania Species 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- BYDYILQCRDXHLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-dimethylpyridine-2-carbaldehyde Chemical compound CC1=CN=C(C=O)C(C)=C1 BYDYILQCRDXHLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 6
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 5
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 4
- MQRWBMAEBQOWAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;nickel Chemical compound [Ni].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O MQRWBMAEBQOWAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000003421 catalytic decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(ii) acetate Chemical compound [Cu+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229940078494 nickel acetate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- UOURRHZRLGCVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentazinc;dicarbonate;hexahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O UOURRHZRLGCVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 4
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- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910020634 Co Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229960004887 ferric hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 3
- IEECXTSVVFWGSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron(3+);oxygen(2-);hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[Fe+3] IEECXTSVVFWGSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- NFSAPTWLWWYADB-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyl-1-phenylethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CN(C)C(CN)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFSAPTWLWWYADB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021503 Cobalt(II) hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910018576 CuAl2O4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 2
- JRBRVDCKNXZZGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;copper Chemical compound [AlH3].[Cu] JRBRVDCKNXZZGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M aluminum;oxygen(2-);hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[Al+3] VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ba+2] RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910001863 barium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940011182 cobalt acetate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- QAHREYKOYSIQPH-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(II) acetate Chemical compound [Co+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O QAHREYKOYSIQPH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- ASKVAEGIVYSGNY-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(ii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Co+2] ASKVAEGIVYSGNY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium nitrate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002715 modification method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc nitrate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000000703 Cerium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JJLJMEJHUUYSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L Copper hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Cu+2] JJLJMEJHUUYSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001860 alkaline earth metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003712 anti-aging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L barium(2+);oxomethanediolate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][14C]([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002603 lanthanum Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YXEUGTSPQFTXTR-UHFFFAOYSA-K lanthanum(3+);trihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[La+3] YXEUGTSPQFTXTR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- UUCCCPNEFXQJEL-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Sr+2] UUCCCPNEFXQJEL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)F TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Zn+2] UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910021511 zinc hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940007718 zinc hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910003158 γ-Al2O3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/83—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with rare earths or actinides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8621—Removing nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/8625—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/8628—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/002—Mixed oxides other than spinels, e.g. perovskite
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2256/00—Main component in the product gas stream after treatment
- B01D2256/10—Nitrogen
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2256/00—Main component in the product gas stream after treatment
- B01D2256/12—Oxygen
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/40—Nitrogen compounds
- B01D2257/402—Dinitrogen oxide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2523/00—Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/10—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of nitrous oxide (N2O)
Abstract
The invention provides a catalyst for decomposing nitrous oxide, a preparation method thereof and a decomposition method of the nitrous oxide, wherein the catalyst simultaneously comprises an oxide of a transition metal, an auxiliary agent, a modifying element and a binder, and the auxiliary agent comprises any one or a combination of at least two of an oxide of an alkali metal, an oxide of an alkaline earth metal, a lanthanum oxide, a cerium oxide or a zinc oxide; the modifying element comprises yttrium element and/or neodymium element; the binder comprises silica and/or alumina. The catalyst has high activity, good temperature resistance and good period stability, the preparation method is a one-step synthesis method, the preparation process is simple, no pollution is generated, the temperature of a bed layer of the decomposition method is low, extra heating gas is not needed, high-quality steam is generated as a byproduct, and the operation cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nitrous oxide decomposition, in particular to a method for catalyzing nitrous oxide to decompose and generate nitrogen and oxygen by taking oxide of transition metal as a catalyst, and especially relates to a catalyst for decomposing nitrous oxide, a preparation method thereof and a nitrous oxide decomposition method.
Background
Nitrous oxide (N)2O) has long been recognized as an environmentally friendly gas and is widely used in industrial and medical fields. In recent years, N is also being paired2And the environmental harmfulness is commonly recognized due to the fact that the research and the cognition are intensive. N is a radical of2O can not only destroy the ozone layer, but also is an important greenhouse gas, and the global warming potential value of O is CO2310 times of and CH421 times of the total weight of the powder.
At present, CO is already mixed2、CH4、N2O、O3The emission reduction of six greenhouse gases such as the hydrofluorochlorocarbon and the perfluorocarbon is brought into a unified legal constraint framework. N is a radical of2The control and elimination of O emission has become an important subject to be faced, and the research and development of relevant theories and technologies are increasingly regarded by the academic and industrial circles at home and abroad.
In a plurality of N2In the O elimination method, the direct catalytic decomposition method has simple process route, low operation cost and N2High O conversion rate and no secondary pollution, and is an economical and effective method. Currently for N2The research on catalysts of the O direct catalytic decomposition method focuses on three types of noble metal catalysts, composite metal oxide catalysts and molecular sieve catalysts, wherein the metal oxide catalysts and the molecular sieve catalysts are favored by researchers due to low preparation cost.
CN103506128A discloses a method for preparing a supported metal oxide, SiO, by taking ZnO and NiO as active materials2、TiO2、ZrO2The catalyst with composite material as carrier has excellent high temperature activity and N activity at 700 deg.c2O can be eliminated completely.
CN105381801A discloses a catalyst prepared from gamma-Al2O3The material is a carrier, and the active components of the material are well dispersed on the surface of the carrier, so that the material is high-temperature resistant and has a wide operating temperature. Under the condition of no addition of an auxiliary agent, N can be realized at 630 DEG C2Complete elimination of O.
CN1046638C discloses CuAl2O4The catalyst with the copper-aluminum spinel structure has better laughing gas decomposition capability and high temperature resistance, and has been industrially applied in Pasteur and domestic Liaoning. The inlet temperature of the mixed gas on an industrial device needs to reach 470-500 ℃, but the decomposition rate of laughing gas is high only when the temperature of a catalyst bed layer is about 750-800 ℃, so that very high equipment investment is needed, and the operation process is carried outThe high decomposition rate of laughing gas can be met only by continuously increasing the temperature, and the catalyst is gradually inactivated at high temperature, mainly because: albeit CuAl2O4The catalyst with the copper-aluminum spinel structure has better performance, but a spinel phase is completely formed in a continuous high-temperature reaction, and the activity of the catalyst is reduced.
CN106140295A discloses a cobalt-based molecular sieve catalyst, wherein a molecular sieve is subjected to pore expansion treatment in alkali liquor at 100-200 ℃ and then is loaded with cobalt and other auxiliaries, and the loaded catalyst has a very high laughing gas decomposition rate at 270 ℃. Decomposition at lower temperatures can reduce equipment investment, but such low temperatures make it difficult to produce high quality steam as a by-product.
In 2007, Taonixin et Al studied N on Co-Mg/Al hydrotalcite-like compound derived composite oxide2O catalytic decomposition, in which nitrate coprecipitation method is used to prepare system hydrotalcite-like precursor CoXMg with different Co contents3-XAl-HT with a constant divalent to trivalent cation ratio of 3, i.e. N (Co + Mg)/nAl ═ 3, with better N after calcination2O, but the catalyst has poor stability and obvious activity reduction at high temperature, and the main reason is that the structure is unstable, and the Co-Mg content is large and easy to aggregate (see' N on Co-Mg/Al hydrotalcite-like compound derived composite oxide)2O catalytic decomposition ", townhexin et al, journal of physico-chemistry, 2007, 23: 162-168).
The preparation process of the composite metal oxide and molecular sieve catalyst is long in ubiquitous, and the metal source mainly is nitrate and generates a large amount of NO in the roasting processx(ii) a One of the fatal disadvantages of the supported catalyst is that the active oxide nanoparticles are limited by the immobilization of the carrier, and are easy to separate from the carrier and agglomerate with each other under the conditions of long-period high-temperature reaction or the presence of water and oxygen in the reaction atmosphere, and the sintering of the active oxide occurs to further cause the deactivation phenomenon.
Until now, laughing gas decomposition technology is still not mature, most of laughing gas decomposition technology stays in small-scale research, and the development of laughing gas emission reduction technology is severely limited due to the problems of high investment of catalysts and equipment and the like of domestic used basf catalysts.
Therefore, the development of a green, efficient and stable laughing gas decomposition catalyst, the reduction of equipment investment and the production of byproduct steam have important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a catalyst for decomposing nitrous oxide, a preparation method thereof and a method for decomposing nitrous oxide, which solve the problems of short service cycle and easy deactivation of the catalyst in the prior art, simultaneously reduce the initial equipment investment, also can produce steam by-product and reduce the operation cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a catalyst for decomposing nitrous oxide, the components of the catalyst comprising an oxide of a transition metal, an auxiliary agent, a modifying element and a binder; the auxiliary agent comprises any one or the combination of at least two of alkali metal oxide, alkaline earth metal oxide, lanthanum oxide, cerium oxide or zinc oxide; the modifying element comprises yttrium element and/or neodymium element; the binder comprises silica and/or alumina.
The transition metal oxide in the catalyst provided by the invention is used as an active center of nitrous oxide, the auxiliary agent can play a role of a structural auxiliary agent and an electronic auxiliary agent simultaneously, and the yttrium element and/or neodymium element selected as the modifying element can improve the structural stability of the catalyst and have a complexing effect on the transition metal oxide, so that the catalytic stability and the catalytic efficiency are improved, and the catalyst has excellent catalytic activity and ageing resistance.
Preferably, the catalyst has a composition of 0.5< n (oxide + promoter + modifier) < n (non-oxygen element in binder) <0.75, such as 0.5, 0.6 or 0.75, where n represents the amount of material.
The invention preferably limits the proportion of each component in the catalyst to the above range, wherein the reasonable molar ratio of the transition metal oxide, the auxiliary agent, the modifier and the binder can effectively improve the activity and the high temperature resistance of the catalyst and improve the long-period stability of the catalyst.
Preferably, the molar ratio of the non-oxygen elements in the transition metal, the auxiliary agent, the modifying element and the binder is: (0.2-0.9): (0.1-0.85): (0.01-0.1): 2, for example, 0.2:0.85:0.05:2, 0.3:0.8:0.05:2, 0.5:0.5:0.08:2, 0.9:0.4:0.1:2, 0.8:0.2:0.1:2, 0.6:0.85:0.05:2 or 0.4:0.6:0.01: 2.
The invention further preferably controls the proportion of each component within the range of (0.2-0.9): (0.1-0.85): 0.01-0.1): 2, and simultaneously takes account of the limitation of 0.5< n (oxide + auxiliary agent + modifier) < n (non-oxygen element in the binder) <0.75 in the components, which is more beneficial to improving the stability and catalytic activity of the catalyst.
Preferably, the transition metal comprises any one or a combination of at least two of nickel, cobalt, iron, or copper, with typical but non-limiting combinations being nickel and cobalt, iron and cobalt, nickel and iron, copper and cobalt, nickel and copper, and the like.
Preferably, the alkali metal comprises sodium and/or potassium.
Preferably, the alkaline earth metal comprises any one or a combination of at least two of strontium, magnesium, calcium or barium, with typical but non-limiting combinations being barium and magnesium, strontium and calcium, calcium and magnesium, strontium and barium.
Preferably, the binder is silica modified with a modifying element and/or alumina modified with a modifying element.
The catalyst of the first aspect of the present invention may be prepared by the method of the second aspect described below, or may be prepared by other methods as long as the catalyst of the present invention can be obtained.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the catalyst for decomposing nitrous oxide according to the first aspect, the method comprising the steps of:
mixing a transition metal source, an auxiliary agent source and a modified binder, and kneading, molding and calcining the mixture in sequence to obtain the catalyst.
The preparation method of the second aspect of the invention is synthesized by a one-step method, the preparation process is simple and easy to operate, the raw materials adopted by the catalyst do not contain noble metals, the cost is low, and the catalyst is synthesized by the one-step method, and the structure and the catalytic stability of the catalyst are better.
Preferably, the transition metal source includes any one or a combination of at least two of transition metal organic salts, transition metal inorganic salts, transition metal oxides, or transition metal hydroxides, wherein typical but non-limiting combinations are a combination of copper oxide and iron oxide, a combination of iron oxide and nickel oxide, a combination of copper acetate and nickel oxide, a combination of copper hydroxide and nickel hydroxide, and the like, preferably a combination of any one or at least two of transition metal organic salts, transition metal oxides, or transition metal hydroxides.
Preferably, the transition metal source does not contain nitrate.
Preferably, the promoter source comprises any one or a combination of at least two of alkali metal oxide, alkali metal hydroxide, alkali metal salt, alkaline earth metal oxide, alkaline earth metal hydroxide, alkaline earth metal salt, zinc oxide, zinc salt, zinc hydroxide, cerium salt, cerium oxide, cerium hydroxide, lanthanum salt, lanthanum oxide, or lanthanum hydroxide, with typical but non-limiting combinations being a combination of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, a combination of sodium hydroxide and zinc carbonate, a combination of cerium oxide and sodium carbonate, and the like.
Preferably, the source of adjuvant is nitrate-free.
Preferably, the modifying element-modified binder comprises a neodymium acetate-modified and/or yttrium acetate-modified binder. The invention preferably adopts the modifier of acetate to modify the adhesive, and the modification effect is better.
The modification method of the present invention is not particularly limited, and any method known to those skilled in the art that can modify silica and/or alumina can be used, and preferably, the modification method includes volume impregnation and excess impregnation.
Preferably, the binder before modification comprises pseudo-boehmite and/or silica sol.
Preferably, the molar ratio of the modifying element to the non-oxygen element in the binder is 0.01 to 0.1:2, and may be, for example, 0.01:2, 0.02:2, 0.03:2, 0.04:2, 0.05:2, 0.06:2, 0.07:2, 0.08:2, 0.09:2, or 0.1: 2. In the present invention, it is further preferable that the molar ratio of the modifying element to the binder is within the above range, and the catalyst has a more excellent modifying effect and a more stable structure.
Preferably, when alumina is present in the binder, a first solvent is added to the mixing.
When the binder contains alumina, the catalyst preparation is generally not carried out by using an aluminum source in the form of a solution, and in this case, a first solvent needs to be added for mixing, so that the uniformity of the preparation process is improved.
Preferably, the first solvent comprises an organic acid solution.
Preferably, the organic acid solution comprises any one of formic acid, acetic acid, citric acid or fruit acid or a combination of at least two thereof, wherein typical but non-limiting combinations are a combination of formic acid and acetic acid, a combination of citric acid and acetic acid, a combination of formic acid and citric acid, and a combination of formic acid and fruit acid. Further by selecting the organic acid solution to avoid NOxResulting in advantages.
Preferably, the volume ratio of acetic acid to fruit acid is (1.5-2.5): 1, and may be, for example, 1.5:1, 1.6:1, 1.7:1, 1.8:1, 1.9:1, 2.0:1, 2.1:1, 2.2:1, 2.3:1, 2.4:1, 2.5:1, or the like.
Preferably, the volume ratio of the formic acid to the citric acid is 1 (0.5-2.5), and may be, for example, 1:0.5, 1:0.8, 1:0.9, 1:1.0, 1:1.2, 1:1.5, 1:1.8, 1:2.0, 1:2.2, 1:2.5, or the like.
Preferably, the ratio of the transition metal source to the first solvent is (0.002 to 0.01) mol:1mL, and may be, for example, 0.002mol:1mL, 0.003mol:1mL, 0.005mol:1mL, 0.008mol:1mL, 0.009mol:1mL, or 0.01mol:1 mL.
Preferably, a kneading agent is also added to the mixing.
Preferably, the kneading agent comprises any one of sesbania powder, starch or methyl cellulose or a combination of at least two of them, wherein typical but non-limiting combinations are combinations of sesbania powder and starch, sesbania powder and methyl cellulose, and starch and methyl cellulose.
Preferably, the ratio of the transition metal source to the kneading agent is (0.01 to 0.1) mol:1g, and may be, for example, 0.01mol:1g, 0.02mol:1g, 0.05mol:1g, 0.06mol:1g, 0.07mol:1g, 0.08mol:1g, or 0.1mol:1 g.
Preferably, the molding is followed by drying and then calcining.
Preferably, the drying temperature is 50-120 ℃, for example, 50 ℃, 60 ℃, 70 ℃, 80 ℃, 90 ℃, 100 ℃ or 120 ℃.
Preferably, the drying time is 12-24 h, for example, 12h, 13h, 14h, 15h, 18h, 19h, 20h, 21h, 22h or 24h, etc.
Preferably, the calcination temperature is 500 to 900 ℃, for example, 500 ℃, 600 ℃, 700 ℃, 800 ℃ or 900 ℃.
Preferably, the calcination time is 4-10 h, for example, 4h, 5h, 6h, 7h, 8h, 9h or 10 h.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a method for decomposing nitrous oxide, said decomposition method being carried out using the catalyst of the first aspect; the decomposition method comprises the following steps: the nitrous oxide comprising gas undergoes a decomposition reaction under the action of the catalyst to produce nitrogen and oxygen.
The decomposition method has the advantages of low bed temperature, strong ageing resistance, long service life of the catalyst and long operation period of the decomposition method due to the adoption of the catalyst of the first aspect.
In the present invention, the reaction apparatus for the decomposition reaction is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, a fixed bed apparatus or the like, or may be adjusted according to the actual process.
Preferably, the temperature of the decomposition reaction is 300 to 700 ℃, for example, 300 ℃, 400 ℃, 500 ℃, 600 ℃ or 700 ℃, preferably 300 to 500 ℃. The temperature of the decomposition reaction of the invention is significantly lower than that of the prior art.
Preferably, the volume space velocity of the decomposition reaction is 500-10000h-1For example, it may be 500h-1、1000h-1、2000h-1、3000h-1、4000h-1、5000h-1、6000h-1、8000h-1Or 10000h-1And the like.
The absolute pressure of the decomposition reaction is preferably 0 to 1MPa, and may be, for example, 0MPa, 0.1MPa, 0.2MPa, 0.3MPa, 0.5MPa, 0.6MPa, 0.8MPa or 1MPa, and preferably 0 to 0.5 MPa.
Preferably, the mass concentration of dinitrogen monoxide in the dinitrogen monoxide-containing gas is 0.001 to 100%, for example, 0.001%, 0.1%, 1%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 100%, or the like, preferably 1 to 90%, and more preferably 5 to 40%. The catalyst disclosed by the invention can be suitable for decomposing nitrous oxide with different concentrations, but the concentration range of tail gas in adipic acid production is further preferably 5-40%, and the catalyst is suitable for adipic acid tail gas treatment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
(1) the catalyst for decomposing the nitrous oxide improves the activity and high temperature resistance of the catalyst and increases the long-period stability of the catalyst by the preparation of reasonable components, the single operation period can reach more than 8000h, and the decomposition efficiency of the nitrous oxide at the temperature of below 700 ℃ can reach more than 99.9 percent;
(2) the preparation method of the catalyst for decomposing the nitrous oxide provided by the invention has the advantages that the catalyst is synthesized in a one-step method, and the preparation process is simple and easy to operate; the raw materials selected by the catalyst are non-noble metal and non-nitrate, the cost is low, and NO NO is generated in the preparation processXThe production is green and pollution-free;
(3) the decomposition reaction temperature of the decomposition method of the nitrous oxide is less than or equal to 700 ℃, and the inlet gas can be heated by utilizing reaction heat and high-quality steam can be generated; the gas containing the nitrous oxide at the inlet does not need to be heated additionally, and simultaneously, 0.4-0.8 ton of byproduct steam of each ton of nitrous oxide is catalytically decomposed, so that the running cost of an adipic acid manufacturer is greatly reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a catalyst for decomposing nitrous oxide, provided in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.
The present invention is described in further detail below. The following examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and do not represent or limit the scope of the claims, which are defined by the claims.
Example 1
This example provides a method for preparing a catalyst for decomposing nitrous oxide, the method comprising: 0.4moL of cobalt acetate, 0.05moL of potassium hydroxide, 0.3moL of calcium hydroxide, 0.35moL of zinc oxide, 5g of sesbania powder and 152g of yttrium acetate modified pseudo-boehmite (1moL of alumina, 0.01moL of yttrium acetate modification) are mixed and kneaded with 70ml (containing 10ml of formic acid and 5ml of citric acid) of aqueous solution, and then 2mm strips are extruded, dried at 120 ℃ for 12h and roasted at 800 ℃ for 6h to obtain the catalyst component molar ratio cobalt: potassium: calcium: zinc: yttrium: aluminum is 0.4:0.05:0.3:0.35:0.01: 2. Denoted catalyst I, which is shown in FIG. 1.
Example 2
This example provides a method for preparing a catalyst for decomposing nitrous oxide, the method comprising: 0.3mol of ferric hydroxide, 0.02mol of strontium hydroxide, 0.3mol of magnesium carbonate, 0.5mol of basic zinc carbonate, 10g of methyl cellulose and 153g of yttrium acetate modified pseudo-boehmite (1mol of alumina, 0.02mol of yttrium acetate modification) are mixed and kneaded with 70ml (containing 5ml of formic acid and 15ml of citric acid) of water solution, and then 2mm strips are extruded, dried at 120 ℃ for 12h and roasted at 800 ℃ for 6h to obtain the catalyst component molar ratio iron: strontium: magnesium: zinc: yttrium: aluminum is 0.3:0.02:0.3:0.5:0.02:2, noted as catalyst II.
Example 3
This example provides a method for preparing a catalyst for decomposing nitrous oxide, the method comprising: 0.2mol of nickel acetate, 0.03mol of sodium hydroxide, 0.4mol of magnesium carbonate, 0.5mol of basic zinc carbonate, 10g of methylcellulose and 153g of neodymium acetate modified pseudo-boehmite (1mol of alumina, 0.02mol of neodymium acetate modification) are mixed and kneaded with 80ml (containing 10ml of formic acid and 10ml of citric acid) of aqueous solution, and then 2mm strips are extruded, dried at 120 ℃ for 12h and calcined at 800 ℃ for 12h to obtain the catalyst component molar ratio nickel: sodium: magnesium: zinc: neodymium: aluminum is 0.2:0.03:0.4:0.5:0.02:2, noted as catalyst III.
Example 4
This example provides a method for preparing a catalyst for decomposing nitrous oxide, the method comprising: 0.4mol of nickel acetate, 0.2mol of copper acetate, 0.6mol of barium hydroxide, 7g of starch and 155g of neodymium acetate modified pseudo-boehmite (1mol of alumina, 0.03mol of neodymium acetate modified) are mixed and kneaded with 90ml (containing 15ml of formic acid and 7ml of fruit acid) of aqueous solution, 2mm strips are extruded, dried at 120 ℃ for 12h and calcined at 800 ℃ for 6h to obtain the catalyst component molar ratio nickel: copper: barium: neodymium: aluminum is 0.4:0.2:0.6:0.03: 2. Denoted as catalyst IV.
Example 5
This example provides a method for preparing a catalyst for decomposing nitrous oxide, the method comprising: 0.1mol of nickel acetate, 0.8mol of ferric hydroxide, 0.3mol of magnesium carbonate, 0.2mol of basic zinc carbonate, 10g of methylcellulose and 200g of neodymium acetate-modified silica sol (2mol of silica, 0.06mol of neodymium acetate-modified) are mixed and kneaded, and then 2mm strips are extruded, dried at 120 ℃ for 12h and calcined at 800 ℃ for 6h to obtain the catalyst component molar ratio nickel: iron: magnesium: zinc: neodymium: silicon 0.1: 0.8: 0.3:0.2:0.06:2, noted as catalyst V.
Example 6
This example provides a method for preparing a catalyst for decomposing nitrous oxide, the method comprising: 0.3mol of iron oxide, 0.2mol of copper acetate, 0.3mol of barium hydroxide, 0.3mol of calcium hydroxide, 15g of methylcellulose, 100g of neodymium acetate-modified silica sol (1mol of silica, 0.03mol of neodymium acetate modification) and 80g of neodymium acetate-modified pseudo-boehmite (0.5mol of alumina, 0.02mol of neodymium acetate modification) are mixed and kneaded with 50ml of an aqueous solution (containing 5ml of formic acid and 5ml of citric acid), 2mm strips are extruded, dried at 120 ℃ for 12h and calcined at 800 ℃ for 6h to obtain the catalyst component molar ratio iron: copper: barium: calcium: neodymium: silicon: aluminum is 0.3:0.2:0.3:0.3:0.05:1:1, reported as catalyst VI.
Example 7
This example provides a method for preparing a catalyst for decomposing nitrous oxide, the method comprising: 0.2mol of nickel acetate, 0.2mol of cobalt hydroxide, 0.4mol of magnesium hydroxide, 0.4mol of basic zinc carbonate, 10g of methylcellulose and 100g of neodymium acetate-modified silica sol (1mol of silica, 0.03mol of neodymium acetate modification) and 80g of neodymium acetate-modified pseudo-boehmite (0.5mol of alumina, 0.02mol of neodymium acetate modification) are mixed and kneaded with 80ml of an aqueous solution (containing 10ml of formic acid and 10ml of citric acid), 2mm strips are extruded, dried at 120 ℃ for 12h and calcined at 900 ℃ for 6h to obtain a catalyst component molar ratio of nickel: cobalt: magnesium: zinc: neodymium: silicon: aluminum is 0.2:0.2:0.4:0.4:0.05:1:1, noted as catalyst VII.
Example 8
This example provides a method for preparing a catalyst for decomposing nitrous oxide, the method comprising: mixing 0.2mol of copper acetate, 0.6mol of ferric hydroxide, 0.01mol of potassium hydroxide, 0.1mol of barium carbonate, 15g of sesbania powder and 175g of yttrium acetate modified pseudo-boehmite (1mol of alumina, 0.1mol of yttrium acetate modification), kneading with 100ml (containing 15ml of acetic acid and 7ml of fruit acid) of aqueous solution, extruding 2mm strips, drying at 120 ℃ for 12h, and roasting at 600 ℃ for 6h to obtain the catalyst component molar ratio copper: iron: potassium: barium: yttrium: aluminum is 0.2:0.6:0.01:0.1:0.1:2, noted as catalyst VIII.
Example 9
This example provides a method for preparing a catalyst for decomposing nitrous oxide, which is the same as in example 1 except that the amount of cobalt acetate added is 0.85 moL.
Comparative example 1
The present comparative example provides a method of preparing a catalyst for decomposing nitrous oxide, the method comprising: 0.3mol of copper oxide and 71g of gamma-Al are taken2O3(0.7mol of alumina), 5g of sesbania powder and 46g of pseudo-boehmite (0.3mol of alumina) were mixed and kneaded with a formic acid-containing solution containing 35ml (containing 5ml of formic acid), and then 2mm strips were extruded, dried at 120 ℃ for 12 hours, calcined at 800 ℃ for 4 hours, and the solid obtained was used 80ml of a mixture containing 0.3mThe alcoholic zinc nitrate aqueous solution is dipped in two times, dried for 12h at 120 ℃ and roasted for 4h at 600 ℃. Obtaining the molar ratio of the catalyst components copper: zinc: aluminum is 0.3:0.3: 2.
Comparative example 2
The present comparative example provides a method of preparing a catalyst for decomposing nitrous oxide, the method comprising: 2.5mol of cobalt hydroxide and 206g of gamma-Al are taken2O3(2mol of alumina) and 10g of sesbania powder 4 were mixed and kneaded with a formic acid-containing solution containing 170ml (containing 30ml of formic acid), 2mm strips were extruded, dried at 120 ℃ for 12 hours, calcined at 800 ℃ for 4 hours, and the resulting solid was impregnated with 120ml of an aqueous solution containing 0.5mol of magnesium nitrate in three portions, dried at 120 ℃ for 12 hours, and calcined at 600 ℃ for 4 hours. Obtaining the catalyst component molar ratio of cobalt: magnesium: aluminum 2.5:0.5: 2.
The catalyst of the invention is examined in catalytic reaction in different reactors, and a laboratory is a constant temperature fixed bed reactor and an industrial adiabatic fixed bed reactor.
Taking a stainless steel tube with the constant temperature fixed bed reactor with the inner diameter of 1cm and the length of 700mm as an example, the device adopts electric heating and stable automatic control. A section of quartz sand is filled at the bottom of the reactor as a support, 5-8 mL of catalyst is filled in the middle, and the quartz sand is also filled at the upper part of the reactor to play a role in preheating feed gas. The raw material gas passes through the catalyst bed layer from bottom to top to carry out decomposition reaction, and the tail gas enters the on-line chromatogram for analysis.
Application example 1
The present application example provides a method for decomposing nitrous oxide, the method including: 5ml of the catalyst in the molded strand form of example 1 was uniformly mixed with quartz sand (volume ratio: 1)) and charged into a constant temperature zone of a fixed bed reactor. Introducing N into a fixed bed reactor2Mixed gas of O and air (N)2O volume concentration of 23 percent), and volume space velocity of 4000h-1And the reaction pressure is 0.1MPa, the temperature of the reaction furnace is increased to 300 ℃, then the temperature is continuously increased at intervals of 25 ℃, and the reaction evaluation result is analyzed and evaluated through an online chromatogram.
Application example 2
The present application example provides a method for decomposing nitrous oxide, the method including: 5ml of the formed bar was taken and catalyzed as in example 2The agent and quartz sand are mixed uniformly (volume ratio is 1:1) and filled into a constant temperature area of a fixed bed reactor. Introducing N into a fixed bed reactor2Mixed gas of O and air (N)2O volume concentration of 23 percent), and volume space velocity of 4000h-1And the reaction pressure is 0.1MPa, the temperature of the reaction furnace is increased to 300 ℃, then the temperature is continuously increased at intervals of 25 ℃, and the reaction evaluation result is analyzed and evaluated through an online chromatogram.
Application example 3
The present application example provides a method for decomposing nitrous oxide, the method including: 5ml of the shaped catalyst of example 3 in the form of a strip was mixed homogeneously with quartz sand (volume ratio 1:1) and charged into the constant-temperature zone of a fixed-bed reactor. Introducing N into a fixed bed reactor2Mixed gas of O and air (N)2O volume concentration of 5%), volume space velocity of 10000h-1And the reaction pressure is 0.5MPa, the temperature of the reaction furnace is increased to 300 ℃, then the temperature is continuously increased at intervals of 25 ℃, and the reaction evaluation result is analyzed and evaluated through an online chromatogram.
Application example 4
The present application example provides a method for decomposing nitrous oxide, the method including: 5ml of the shaped catalyst of example 4 in the form of a strip was mixed homogeneously with quartz sand (volume ratio 1:1) and charged into the constant-temperature zone of a fixed-bed reactor. Introducing N into a fixed bed reactor2Mixed gas of O and air (N)2O volume concentration 10%), volume space velocity 6000h-1And the reaction pressure is 0.2MPa, the temperature of the reaction furnace is increased to 500 ℃, then the temperature is continuously increased at intervals of 25 ℃, and the reaction evaluation result is analyzed and evaluated through an online chromatogram.
Application example 5
The present application example provides a method for decomposing nitrous oxide, the method including: 5ml of the shaped catalyst of example 5 in the form of a strip was mixed homogeneously with quartz sand (volume ratio 1:1) and charged into the constant-temperature zone of a fixed-bed reactor. Introducing N into a fixed bed reactor2Mixed gas of O and air (N)2O volume concentration 40%), volume space velocity 500h-1The reaction pressure is 0.3MPa, the temperature of the reaction furnace is raised to 300 ℃, then the temperature is continuously raised at intervals of 25 ℃, and the reaction evaluation result is obtained byAnd analyzing and evaluating by using a line chromatography.
Application example 6
The present application example provides a method for decomposing nitrous oxide, the method including: 5ml of the shaped catalyst of example 6 in the form of a strip was mixed homogeneously with quartz sand (volume ratio 1:1) and charged into the constant-temperature zone of a fixed-bed reactor. Introducing N into a fixed bed reactor2Mixed gas of O and air (N)2O volume concentration of 30 percent), and volume space velocity of 3000h-1And the reaction pressure is 0.1MPa, the temperature of the reaction furnace is increased to 300 ℃, then the temperature is continuously increased at intervals of 25 ℃, and the reaction evaluation result is analyzed and evaluated through an online chromatogram.
Application example 7
The present application example provides a method for decomposing nitrous oxide, the method including: 6ml of the shaped catalyst of example 7 in the form of a strip was mixed homogeneously with quartz sand (volume ratio 1:1) and charged into the constant-temperature zone of the fixed-bed reactor. Introducing N into a fixed bed reactor2Mixed gas of O and air (N)2O volume concentration of 15%), volume space velocity of 4000h-1And the reaction pressure is 0.1MPa, the temperature of the reaction furnace is increased to 300 ℃, then the temperature is continuously increased at intervals of 25 ℃, and the reaction evaluation result is analyzed and evaluated through an online chromatogram.
Application example 8
The present application example provides a method for decomposing nitrous oxide, the method including: 4ml of the shaped catalyst of example 8 in the form of a strip was mixed homogeneously with quartz sand (volume ratio 1:1) and charged into the constant-temperature zone of a fixed-bed reactor. Introducing N into a fixed bed reactor2Mixed gas of O and air (N)2O volume concentration of 25 percent), and volume space velocity of 4000h-1And the reaction pressure is 0.1MPa, the temperature of the reaction furnace is increased to 300 ℃, then the temperature is continuously increased at intervals of 25 ℃, and the reaction evaluation result is analyzed and evaluated through an online chromatogram.
Application example 9
This application example provides a method for decomposing nitrous oxide, which is the same as application example 1 except that the catalyst provided in example 9 was used.
Application comparative example 1
This comparative example of application provides a decomposition method of nitrous oxide which is the same as in application example 1 except that the catalyst provided in comparative example 1 is used.
Comparative application example 2
This comparative example of application provides a decomposition method of nitrous oxide which is the same as in application example 1 except that the catalyst provided in comparative example 2 is used.
N2The main reason for the deactivation of the O decomposition catalyst is caused by the sintering of active components and the growth of crystal grains of the catalyst at a high temperature for a long time. Therefore, in order to examine the evaluation of the high temperature stability of the catalyst, in the evaluation of the catalyst, the above application example and application comparative example were repeated after aging at 800 ℃ for 72 hours to verify the high temperature stability of the catalyst.
Wherein the nitrous oxide decomposition rate is calculated by the following formula.
The results of the above application examples and comparative application examples are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
From table 1, the following points can be seen:
(1) as can be seen from comprehensive application examples 1-9, the catalyst prepared by the preparation method of the catalyst for decomposing nitrous oxide provided by the invention has high activity, wherein N is2The decomposition rate of O is in the bed layerThe temperature can reach more than 77.4 percent under the condition of 400 ℃, can reach more than 90 percent under the preferential condition, and can reach more than 99.9 percent under the condition of 450 ℃; and has excellent anti-aging effect, after aging for 72h at 800 ℃, N is obtained at 450 DEG C2The decomposition rate of O can still reach more than 96 percent, and can reach more than 99.9 percent under the optimized condition;
(2) it can be seen from the comprehensive application examples 1 and application comparative examples 1 to 2 that, by adopting the catalyst simultaneously containing the oxide of the transition metal, the auxiliary agent, the modifying element and the binder in the application example 1, compared with the catalyst not containing the modifying element in the application comparative examples 1 to 2, the N can be realized at 400 ℃ in the application example 12The decomposition rate of O is more than 99.9 percent, and when the temperature of the bed layer is 400 ℃ in the application comparative examples 1-2, N2The decomposition rates of O are only 0.3 percent and 0.1 percent respectively, thereby showing that the invention obviously improves the N content by adding the modification element2The decomposition rate of O;
(3) it can be seen from the comprehensive application examples 1 and 9 that the mixture ratio adopted in the application example 9 is not 0.5<n (oxide + adjuvant + modifier): n (binder)<Scheme within 0.75, N at 400 ℃2The decomposition rate of O is only 77.4%, and N is obtained at 450 ℃ after aging for 72h at 800 DEG C2The O decomposition rate is only 96.1%, thereby showing that the catalytic effect and the ageing resistance are obviously improved by controlling the component proportion in a specific range.
Application example 10
A plant scale-up was carried out according to the catalyst III formulation of example 3, producing about 15m3. In industrial application, an adiabatic fixed bed reactor is adopted for carrying out stability evaluation and co-production of steam on a catalyst III, and the specific conditions are as follows:
catalyst III packing 14m3Introducing air at a gas space velocity of 3000h-1Firstly, the temperature of an air inlet is controlled at 350 ℃ by electric heating, when the temperature of a bed layer reaches 350 ℃, the electric heating is removed, and the airspeed is kept for 3000h-1Under the condition of no change, the amount of adipic acid tail gas is gradually increased, and N is increased2O concentration to 15%, N2The O decomposition belongs to a strong exothermic reaction, and the temperature of a catalyst bed layer in the middle and later period of an adiabatic bed reactor can gradually approach the raised theoretical temperature of the exothermic reactionAnd the outlet of the adiabatic reactor is provided with a heat exchanger for heating the feed gas and co-producing high-quality steam. The reaction evaluation results were analyzed and evaluated by on-line chromatography. The results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
As can be seen from table 2: the invention adopts the non-noble metal catalyst synthesized by the one-step method for N2The O decomposition has high activity and good stability, and the temperature of the reactor is controlled below 700 ℃, so that the equipment investment is reduced, high-quality steam is co-produced, the industrial operation cost is greatly reduced, and the industrial popularization value is realized.
In conclusion, the catalyst for decomposing the nitrous oxide improves the activity and the high temperature resistance of the catalyst and increases the long-period stability of the catalyst through the preparation of reasonable components, and simultaneously, 0.4-0.8 ton of byproduct steam of each ton of nitrous oxide is catalytically decomposed, thereby greatly reducing the operation cost of adipic acid manufacturers.
The applicant declares that the present invention illustrates the detailed structural features of the present invention through the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above detailed structural features, that is, it does not mean that the present invention must be implemented depending on the above detailed structural features. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modifications of the present invention, equivalent substitutions of selected components of the present invention, additions of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The catalyst for decomposing nitrous oxide is characterized in that the components of the catalyst comprise an oxide of a transition metal, an auxiliary agent, a modifying element and a binder;
the auxiliary agent comprises any one or the combination of at least two of alkali metal oxide, alkaline earth metal oxide, lanthanum oxide, cerium oxide or zinc oxide;
the modifying element comprises yttrium element and/or neodymium element;
the binder comprises silica and/or alumina.
2. The catalyst of claim 1 wherein the composition of the catalyst is 0.5< n (oxide + promoter + modifier) < n (non-oxygen element in binder) <0.75, where n represents the amount of material.
3. The catalyst of claim 1 or 2, wherein the transition metal comprises any one or a combination of at least two of nickel, cobalt, iron, or copper.
4. A method for preparing a catalyst for decomposing nitrous oxide according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by comprising the steps of:
mixing a transition metal source, an auxiliary agent source and a modified binder, and kneading, molding and calcining the mixture in sequence to obtain the catalyst.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the modifying element-modified binder comprises a neodymium acetate-modified and/or yttrium acetate-modified binder;
the molar ratio of the modified element to the non-oxygen element in the binder is 0.01-0.1: 2.
6. The production method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein when alumina is contained in the binder, a first solvent is added during the mixing;
the first solvent comprises an organic acid solution;
the organic acid solution comprises any one or combination of at least two of formic acid, acetic acid, citric acid or fruit acid.
7. The production method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein a kneading agent is further added to the mixing;
the proportion of the transition metal source and the kneading agent is (0.01-0.1) mol:1 g.
8. A decomposition method of nitrous oxide, characterized in that, the decomposition method is carried out by using the catalyst for decomposing nitrous oxide according to any one of claims 1 to 3;
the decomposition method comprises the following steps: the nitrous oxide comprising gas undergoes a decomposition reaction under the action of the catalyst to produce nitrogen and oxygen.
9. Decomposition method according to claim 8, wherein the heat generated by the decomposition reaction is used for heating the initial nitrous oxide comprising gas and generating steam.
10. The decomposition method according to claim 9, wherein the temperature of the decomposition reaction is 300 to 700 ℃.
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