CN113598925A

CN113598925A - Fracture patient nail taking device

Info

Publication number: CN113598925A
Application number: CN202110927792.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭东升; 张成功
Original assignee: Yancheng District People's Hospital Of Luohe City (luohe City Yancheng District Central Hospital)
Current assignee: Yancheng District People's Hospital Of Luohe City (luohe City Yancheng District Central Hospital)
Priority date: 2021-08-13
Filing date: 2021-08-13
Publication date: 2021-11-05
Anticipated expiration: 2041-08-13
Also published as: CN113598925B

Abstract

The nail taking device for the fracture patients effectively solves the problems that medical staff have high difficulty in taking nails for the fracture patients and easily injure the patients; the ball-shaped support comprises a support plate, wherein U-shaped plates are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the support plate, an adjusting block is arranged at the upper end of the support plate, a rectangular frame is arranged at the upper end of the adjusting block, the left end of the rectangular frame is rotatably connected with a ball body, and an outer barrel is arranged at the lower end of the ball body; the outer edge surface of the outer barrel is provided with a spiral groove, the outer barrel is connected with an inner barrel in a sliding mode, a screwdriver is coaxially arranged in the inner barrel, the lower end of the inner barrel is provided with a plurality of sliding blocks, the lower ends of the sliding blocks penetrate through the inner barrel and are provided with clamping plates, the lower ends of the screwdrivers can extend out of the inner barrel and are positioned below the clamping plates, the upper end of the outer barrel is provided with an L-shaped groove communicated with the spiral groove, and the inner barrel is provided with an inserting column; the invention has ingenious design and convenient use, effectively avoids the injury to the body of a patient when the nail is taken out, and reduces the difficulty of taking the nail by medical staff.

Description

Fracture patient nail taking device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of orthopedic instruments, in particular to a nail taking device for a fracture patient.

Background

Fracture refers to the interruption of the integrity and continuity of bone. At present, for patients who have obvious displacement and need to perform incision reduction and internal fixation, the bone blocks at the fracture part are usually reset and fixed again through a steel plate and bone nails, so that the dislocated bone blocks are re-tightly connected together under the action of a steel plate screw system, and then after long-time postoperative growth, new callus grows out from the fractured bone blocks and is healed again together. The internal fixation is often required to be taken out within 1 to 2 years after the endosteopexy operation so as to avoid rejection reaction and the like.

In the process of taking down the bone fracture plate after internal fixation operation and operation, a screw needs to be screwed and disassembled by a screwdriver, in the actual operation process, the screwdriver and the screw incline relatively to form a certain angle sometimes, hands hardly ensure that the screwdriver and the screw are in the same straight line, and the screw and the screwdriver can slip frequently due to improper force application, so that the screwdriver stabs into a patient, redundant pain and injury are brought to the patient, and the difficulty of taking the screw by medical personnel is increased.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a nail taking device for a fracture patient, which effectively solves the problems that medical staff have high difficulty in taking nails for the fracture patient and easily hurt the patient.

The technical scheme for solving the problem is that the invention comprises a supporting plate, wherein the front end and the rear end of the supporting plate are respectively provided with a U-shaped plate with an opening facing to the left through a connecting plate in the vertical direction, the upper end of the supporting plate is provided with an adjusting block capable of sliding back and forth, the upper end of the adjusting block is provided with a rectangular frame capable of sliding left and right, the left end of the rectangular frame is rotatably connected with a ball, and the lower end of the ball is provided with an outer barrel with an upper axial direction and a lower axial direction and an opening facing downwards through a connecting rod;

the urceolus outer fringe face on seted up the helicla flute, the helicla flute rises along anticlockwise gradually, sliding connection has the inner tube that can stretch out the urceolus in the urceolus, the coaxial rotatable screwdriver that is equipped with in the inner tube, the inner tube lower extreme is equipped with a plurality of sliders along its circumferencial direction equipartition, a plurality of sliders can rotate along with the screwdriver and slide along the inner tube radial direction, the slider lower extreme runs through the inner tube and is equipped with splint, the screwdriver lower extreme can stretch out the inner tube and be located the splint below, the L shape groove with the helicla flute intercommunication is seted up to the urceolus upper end, be equipped with on the inner tube and can slide at helicla flute and L shape inslot and insert the post.

The invention has ingenious conception and convenient use, and medical personnel can adjust and fix the position and the orientation of the outer cylinder only by operating the fastening bolt and the T-shaped rod, thereby effectively avoiding the injury to the body of a patient when taking the nail and reducing the difficulty of taking the nail by the medical personnel.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an isometric view of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front elevational perspective view, in full section, of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a top isometric view in full section of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a right isometric view of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a front elevational view in full section of the outer barrel of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a top isometric view in full section of the inner barrel of the present invention with the lower circular plate removed.

Fig. 7 is an exploded view of the upper and lower circular plates of the present invention.

Figure 8 is an isometric view of a connecting block of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is an enlarged view of a in fig. 4 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The device is shown in figures 1 to 9 and comprises a support plate 1, wherein a U-shaped plate 2 with an opening facing left is arranged at the front end and the rear end of the support plate 1 respectively through a connecting plate in the vertical direction, an adjusting block 3 capable of sliding back and forth is arranged at the upper end of the support plate 1, a rectangular frame 4 capable of sliding left and right is arranged at the upper end of the adjusting block 3, a ball body 5 is rotatably connected at the left end of the rectangular frame 4, and an outer barrel 6 with an axial direction up and down and a downward opening is arranged at the lower end of the ball body 5 through a connecting rod;

6 outer fringe face of urceolus on seted up helicla flute 7, helicla flute 7 rises along anticlockwise gradually, 6 sliding connection in urceolus has the inner tube 8 that can stretch out urceolus 6, the coaxial rotatable screwdriver 9 that is equipped with in the

inner tube

8, 8 lower extremes of inner tube are equipped with a plurality of sliders 10 along its circumferencial direction equipartition, a plurality of sliders 10 can rotate along the radial direction of inner tube along with screwdriver 9 and slide, slider 10 lower extreme runs through inner tube 8 and is equipped with splint 11, the screwdriver 9 lower extreme can stretch out inner tube 8 and be located splint 11 below, the L shape groove 12 with helicla flute 7 intercommunication is seted up to 6 upper ends of urceolus, be equipped with on the inner tube 8 and can be at helicla flute 7 and the gliding post 13 of inserting of L shape inslot 12.

For convenience of medical personnel carry on spacingly to the alignment block 3, 1 right-hand member of backup pad be equipped with a plurality of along its length direction equipartition and control

axial spacing post

14, 3 right sides sliding connection of adjusting block have connecting block 15, connecting block 15 lower extreme runs through adjusting block 3 and its left side and is equipped with a plurality of stopper 16 along the fore-and-aft direction equipartition, stopper 16 can block between two adjacent spacing posts 14.

In order to facilitate the medical staff to limit the rectangular frame 4, the front side and the rear side of the rectangular frame 4 are respectively provided with a plurality of clamping grooves 17 which are uniformly distributed along the left-right direction, the front end and the rear end of the connecting block 15 are respectively provided with a clamping block 18 which can be clamped in the clamping grooves 17 of the corresponding side, and the upper end of the clamping block 18 is triangular.

In order to make the plurality of sliders 10 slide along the radial direction of the inner cylinder 8 along with the rotation of the screwdriver 9, a lower circular plate 19 is rotatably connected to the lower side of the inner cylinder 8, a plurality of inclined slots 20 corresponding to the sliders 10 one by one are formed on the lower circular plate 19, an insertion block 21 inserted into the inclined slot 20 on the corresponding side is formed at the upper end of the slider 10, the insertion block 21 slides towards the screwdriver 9 when the lower circular plate 19 rotates anticlockwise, an upper circular plate 22 slidably connected with the screwdriver 9 is rotatably connected to the upper side of the inner cylinder 8, and transmission blocks 23 are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the opposite ends of the upper circular plate 22 and the lower circular plate 19.

In order to limit the outer barrel 6 conveniently, the left end of the rectangular frame 4 is in threaded connection with a tightening bolt 24 which is positioned right above the ball body 5 and is in vertical axial direction, and the lower end face of the tightening bolt 24 is a spherical surface which is concave and can be in surface contact with the ball body 5.

In order to slidably connect the upper circular plate 22 and the screwdriver 9, the upper circular plate 22 is provided with vertically penetrating guide grooves 25 on the front and rear sides, respectively, the screwdriver 9 is provided with vertically guiding rails on the front and rear ends, respectively, and the guiding rails are slidably connected with the corresponding side guide grooves 25.

In order to enable the connecting block 15, the screwdriver 9 and the inner cylinder 8 to be capable of automatically resetting, the upper end of the connecting block 15 penetrates through the adjusting block 3 and is provided with a T-shaped rod 26, a spring between the step end of the T-shaped rod 26 and the adjusting block 3 is sleeved on the T-shaped rod 26, a fixing plate 27 located in the inner cylinder 8 is coaxially arranged on the screwdriver 9, a first pressure spring between the fixing plate 27 and the upper side wall of the inner cylinder 8 is sleeved on the screwdriver 9, and the upper end of the inner cylinder 8 is connected with the upper side wall of the outer cylinder 6 through a second pressure spring.

In order to facilitate the medical staff to rotate the inner cylinder 8 and the screwdriver 9, the upper end of the inner cylinder 8 is provided with a first hand wheel 28 positioned above the outer cylinder 6 through the connecting cylinder, and the upper end of the screwdriver 9 is provided with a second hand wheel 29 positioned above the first hand wheel 28.

In order to fix the support plate 1 on the bed plate, the lower side of the U-shaped plate 2 is in threaded connection with an upper axial bolt knob 30 and a lower axial bolt knob 30.

When the medical bed is used, the inserting column 13 is arranged in an initial state in the L-shaped groove 12, the transmission block 23 on the left side of the upper circular plate 22 is positioned in front of the transmission block 23 on the left side of the lower circular plate 19, the transmission block 23 on the right side of the upper circular plate 22 is positioned behind the transmission block 23 on the right side of the lower circular plate 19, the inner cylinder 8 is positioned in the outer cylinder 6 at the moment, the lower end of the screwdriver 9 is positioned below the plurality of clamping plates 11, medical personnel can clamp two U-shaped plates 2 on a bed plate on which a patient lies, the U-shaped plates 2 are taken out to be clamped on the bed plate according to the position of fracture of the patient, then the two bolt knobs 30 are sequentially rotated, the upper ends of the bolt knobs 30 are in contact with the lower end face of the bed plate, and the U-shaped plates 2 fix the supporting plate 1 on the bed plate through the connecting plates;

medical personnel need to firstly rotate the fastening bolt 24 anticlockwise to enable the lower end face of the fastening bolt 24 to be separated from the surface of the sphere 5, at the moment, the outer cylinder 6 can move freely, then the T-shaped rod 26 is pressed downwards by one hand, the stepped end of the T-shaped rod 26 compresses the spring downwards, meanwhile, the T-shaped rod 26 drives the connecting block 15 to slide downwards, the connecting block 15 drives the two clamping blocks 18 to leave the clamping groove 17 at the current position, meanwhile, the connecting block 15 drives the limiting blocks 16 to be separated from the limiting columns 14, and at the moment, the adjusting block 3 and the rectangular frame 4 can slide freely;

the hand of the medical staff pressing the T-shaped rod 26 is kept static, then the other hand pulls the outer barrel 6, the outer barrel 6 drives the ball body 5 to rotate through the connecting rod, the direction of the opening at the lower end of the outer barrel 6 is changed, meanwhile, the outer barrel 6 can drive the rectangular frame 4 to slide left and right through the connecting rod and the ball body 5, the rectangular frame 4 can drive the adjusting block 3 to slide front and back, namely, the positions of the outer barrel 6 in the front and back direction and the left and right direction can be freely adjusted, the opening at the lower end of the outer barrel 6 is aligned to a screw of the fracture part of the patient, and the axis of the outer barrel 6 is coincided with the axis of the screw;

loosening the T-shaped rod 26, enabling the T-shaped rod 26 to move upwards under the action of a spring, enabling the T-shaped rod 26 to drive the connecting block 15 to move upwards, enabling the connecting block 15 to drive the two clamping blocks 18 to move upwards and be inserted into the clamping grooves 17 on the corresponding sides of the two clamping blocks, enabling the upper ends of the clamping blocks 18 to be triangular, facilitating clamping of the clamping blocks into the clamping grooves 18, enabling the connecting block 15 to drive the limiting blocks 16 to move upwards and be clamped between the two adjacent limiting columns 14, enabling the positions of the adjusting block 3 and the rectangular frame 4 to be in a limited state at the moment, namely enabling the outer cylinder 6 not to move in the front-back direction and the left-right direction, keeping the opening orientation of the lower end of the outer cylinder 6 unchanged by one hand, then enabling the lower end face of the tightening bolt 24 to be tightly attached to the surface of the sphere 5 and loosening the outer cylinder 6 by clockwise rotating the other hand, and enabling the outer cylinder 6 not to swing freely at the moment;

the medical staff can lift and rotate the first hand wheel 28 upwards, the first hand wheel 28 drives the plug-in post 13 to leave the L-shaped groove 12 and enter the spiral groove 7 through the connecting cylinder and the inner cylinder 8, then the first hand wheel 28 is rotated clockwise by hands, the first hand wheel 28 drives the plug-in post 13 to slide clockwise in the bolt groove, as the spiral groove 7 is gradually reduced along the clockwise direction, the plug-in post 13 moves downwards while rotating clockwise, the plug-in post 13 drives the inner cylinder 8 to move downwards and gradually extend out of the outer cylinder 6, the second pressure spring is gradually lengthened, the inner cylinder 8 drives the screwdriver 9 to move downwards until the lower end of the screwdriver 9 is matched with the cross-shaped groove on the screw;

the medical staff loosens the first hand wheel 28 and rotates the second hand wheel 29 anticlockwise, the second hand wheel 29 drives the screwdriver 9 to rotate anticlockwise, the screwdriver 9 drives the screw contacted with the screwdriver 9 to rotate anticlockwise, the nut on the screw gradually moves upwards, the nut pushes the screwdriver 9 to move upwards, the screwdriver 9 drives the fixing plate 27 to compress the first pressure spring upwards, meanwhile, the screwdriver 9 drives the upper circular plate 22 to rotate anticlockwise through the guide rail and the guide groove 25, the upper circular plate 22 drives the two transmission blocks 23 on the upper side to rotate anticlockwise until the screwdriver 9 rotates 180 degrees, the transmission blocks 23 on the upper side and the lower side are contacted, at the moment, the lower end of the screwdriver 9 moves to the upper part of the clamping plate 11, namely, the nut on the screw moves to the upper part of the clamping plate 11;

the upper circular plate 22 starts to drive the lower circular plate 19 to rotate anticlockwise through the transmission block 23, the lower circular plate 19 drives the plurality of inclined grooves 20 to rotate anticlockwise, the inclined grooves 20 drive the sliding block 10 to slide towards the screwdriver 9 through the insertion block 21, the sliding block 10 drives the clamping plates 11 to move towards the screw direction until each clamping plate 11 is contacted with the screw, the second hand wheel 29 continues to rotate anticlockwise, the inner cylinder 8 starts to rotate anticlockwise along with the sliding block 10 and the insertion block 21, the inner cylinder 8 drives the insertion column 13 to rotate anticlockwise in the spiral groove 7, the insertion column 13 moves upwards while rotating anticlockwise due to the fact that the spiral groove 7 gradually rises along the anticlockwise direction, the insertion column 13 drives the inner cylinder 8 to move upwards and compress the second pressure spring, the inner cylinder 8 drives the plurality of clamping plates 11 to move upwards, and the plurality of clamping plates 11 lift the screw upwards;

when the screw is taken out from the body of the patient, the medical staff keeps the second hand wheel 29 still by hand and then presses the T-shaped rod 26 downwards by the other hand to release the limit of the adjusting block 3 and the rectangular frame 4, the medical staff can move the outer cylinder 6 from the upper part of the body of the patient to the upper part of the garbage can, then the second hand wheel 29 is released, the inner cylinder 8 moves downwards under the action of the second pressure spring, the inner cylinder 8 rotates clockwise while moving downwards, the inner cylinder 8 drives the plurality of sliding blocks 10 and the clamping plates 11 to rotate clockwise, the inserting blocks 21 on the sliding blocks 10 rotate clockwise in the inclined grooves 20 on the corresponding sides, and moves towards the outer cylinder 6 while rotating, the insert block 21 drives the clamp plate 11 to gradually loosen the screw through the slide block 10, the screw falls into the garbage can, then, the first hand wheel 28 is rotated anticlockwise to enable the inserting column 13 to be clamped into the L-shaped groove, and then the rest screws can be taken out by repeating the operations.

The invention has novel conception, ingenious structure, convenient operation and strong practicability, the arranged adjusting block and the rectangular frame can adjust the positions of the outer barrel in the front-back direction and the left-right direction, the arranged ball can adjust the angle between the outer barrel and the horizontal plane, so that the screwdriver at the center of the inner barrel is aligned to the screw, the problem that a patient is injured due to the fact that the screwdriver and the screw drop off when the screw is taken is effectively avoided, after a medical worker unscrews a set bolt, the position and the direction of the outer barrel can be adjusted by one person only by pressing the T-shaped rod, the operation of the medical worker is facilitated, the arranged clamping plate and the screw are convenient to take out, and the difficulty of the medical worker in taking the screw is reduced.

Therefore, the fracture patient nail taking device provided by the invention can effectively solve the problems that medical staff have high difficulty in taking nails for fracture patients and easily hurt the patients, is simple in structure and operation and convenient to use, and effectively avoids the injury to the patients in taking the nails.

Claims

1. The screw taking device for the fracture patients comprises a supporting plate (1), and is characterized in that a U-shaped plate (2) with an opening facing left is arranged at the front end and the rear end of the supporting plate (1) respectively through a connecting plate in the vertical direction, an adjusting block (3) capable of sliding back and forth is arranged at the upper end of the supporting plate (1), a rectangular frame (4) capable of sliding left and right is arranged at the upper end of the adjusting block (3), a ball body (5) is rotatably connected at the left end of the rectangular frame (4), and an outer barrel (6) with an axial direction up and down and an opening facing downward is arranged at the lower end of the ball body (5) through a connecting rod;

urceolus (6) outer fringe face on seted up helicla flute (7), helicla flute (7) rise gradually along anticlockwise, outer cylinder (6) sliding connection has inner tube (8) that can stretch out urceolus (6), coaxial screwdriver (9) of being equipped with in inner tube (8), inner tube (8) lower extreme is equipped with a plurality of sliders (10) of its circumferencial direction equipartition along: a plurality of sliders (10) can rotate along with the screwdriver (9) and slide along the radial direction of the inner cylinder (8), the lower end of each slider (10) penetrates through the inner cylinder (8) and is provided with a clamping plate (11), the lower end of the screwdriver (9) can stretch out of the inner cylinder (8) and is located below the clamping plate 11, the upper end of the outer cylinder (6) is provided with an L-shaped groove (12) communicated with the spiral groove (7), and the inner cylinder (8) is provided with an inserting column (13) capable of sliding in the spiral groove (7) and the L-shaped groove (12).

2. The fracture patient nail removing device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of limiting columns (14) which are uniformly distributed along the length direction and are in the left-right axial direction are arranged at the right end of the supporting plate (1), a connecting block (15) is slidably connected to the right side of the adjusting block (3), a plurality of limiting blocks (16) which are uniformly distributed along the front-back direction are arranged at the lower end of the connecting block (15) in a penetrating mode on the left side of the adjusting block (3), and the limiting blocks (16) can be clamped between the two adjacent limiting columns (14).

3. The nail removing device for the fracture patients according to claim 1, wherein the front and the back sides of the rectangular frame (4) are respectively provided with a plurality of clamping grooves (17) which are uniformly distributed along the left and right directions, the front and the back ends of the connecting block (15) are respectively provided with a clamping block (18) which can be clamped in the clamping grooves (17) at the corresponding side, and the upper ends of the clamping blocks (18) are triangular.

4. The bone fracture patient nail taking device according to claim 1, wherein a lower circular plate (19) is rotatably connected to the lower side of the inner cylinder (8), a plurality of inclined grooves (20) corresponding to the sliding blocks (10) in a one-to-one manner are formed in the lower circular plate (19), an insertion block (21) inserted into the inclined groove (20) on the corresponding side of the sliding block (10) is arranged at the upper end of the sliding block (10), the insertion block (21) slides towards the screwdriver (9) when the lower circular plate (19) rotates anticlockwise, an upper circular plate (22) slidably connected with the screwdriver (9) is rotatably connected to the upper side of the inner cylinder (8), and transmission blocks (23) are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the opposite ends of the upper circular plate (22) and the lower circular plate (19).

5. The screw removing device for the fracture patients according to claim 1, wherein the left end of the rectangular frame (4) is connected with a fastening bolt (24) which is positioned right above the ball body (5) and is in the vertical axial direction, and the lower end surface of the fastening bolt (24) is a spherical surface which is concave and can be contacted with the surface of the ball body (5).

6. The nail removing device for the fracture patients according to claim 4, wherein the upper circular plate (22) is provided with guide grooves (25) which are vertically penetrated at the front and rear sides respectively, the screwdriver (9) is provided with guide rails at the front and rear ends respectively in the vertical direction, and the guide rails are slidably connected with the guide grooves (25) at the corresponding sides.

7. The bone fracture patient nail taking device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper end of the connecting block (15) penetrates through the adjusting block (3) and is provided with a T-shaped rod (26), the T-shaped rod (26) is sleeved with a spring positioned between the stepped end and the adjusting block (3), the screwdriver (9) is coaxially provided with a fixing plate (27) positioned in the inner cylinder (8), the screwdriver (9) is sleeved with a first pressure spring positioned between the fixing plate (27) and the upper side wall of the inner cylinder (8), and the upper end of the inner cylinder (8) is connected with the upper side wall of the outer cylinder (6) through a second pressure spring.

8. The fracture patient nail-removing device according to claim 1, wherein the upper end of the inner cylinder (8) is provided with a first hand wheel (28) positioned above the outer cylinder (6) through the connecting cylinder, and the upper end of the screwdriver (9) is provided with a second hand wheel (29) positioned above the first hand wheel (28).

9. The screw-removing device for fracture patients as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lower side of the U-shaped plate (2) is screwed with an upper and a lower axial bolt knobs (30).