CN113595188A - Battery charging router with multiple energy modes - Google Patents

Battery charging router with multiple energy modes Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113595188A
CN113595188A CN202110867703.4A CN202110867703A CN113595188A CN 113595188 A CN113595188 A CN 113595188A CN 202110867703 A CN202110867703 A CN 202110867703A CN 113595188 A CN113595188 A CN 113595188A
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path
module
grounded
resistor
input end
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CN202110867703.4A
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CN113595188B (en
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李楠
冯长江
黄天辰
段荣霞
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Army Engineering University of PLA
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Army Engineering University of PLA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with provisions for charging different types of batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/40—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries adapted for charging from various sources, e.g. AC, DC or multivoltage

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-energy-mode battery charging router, and relates to the technical field of power supply processing circuits. The router comprises a lithium battery charging device and an intelligent lead-acid storage battery charging device, the charging router comprises an electrical interface, and the electrical interface is connected with the signal input end of the intelligent electric energy management and control module; the signal output end of the intelligent electric energy management and control module is connected with the input end of the direct current bus; the output end of the direct current bus is respectively connected with the input end of one charging control module through a plurality of voltage control modules; the output end of each charging control module is divided into two paths, wherein one path is connected with the input end of the battery interface, and the other path is connected with the signal input end of the detection and signal processing module; and the signal output end of the detection and information processing module is connected with the signal input end of the MPU module. The router has the advantages of power supply side energy diversity, charging mode diversity, charging object adaptability and the like.

Description

Battery charging router with multiple energy modes
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power supply processing circuits, in particular to a battery charging router with a multi-energy mode and convenient use.
Background
The existing charger generally only provides one USB charging port, and only one device can be charged. When batch portable equipment needs to be charged in public places such as stations and hotels, a plurality of independent chargers need to be used for charging, a large number of independent chargers are needed, a plurality of power sockets are needed, hardware cost is high, and potential safety hazards are large. Simultaneously because large batch electrical apparatus charges, its charging data is not the same, can influence the charging effect and damage even by the equipment of being filled.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of how to provide a multi-energy-mode battery charging router which has various charging modes and can self-adaptively carry out quick charging.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a multi-energy mode battery charging router, comprising: the lithium battery charging device comprises an electrical interface, the electrical interface is connected with the signal input end of the intelligent electric energy management and control module, and the electrical interface is used for realizing plug and play of various electric energy sources and controlling the priority of the access of the electric energy sources; the signal output end of the intelligent electric energy management and control module is connected with the input end of the direct current bus, the electric energy management and control module is only used for realizing electric energy conversion, various energy sources are converted into direct current voltage required by the direct current bus through AC/DC and DC/DC, whether single energy source power supply or multiple energy source grid-connected power supply is adopted is controlled, and if multiple energy source grid-connected power supply is adopted, an output strategy of each energy source is distributed; the output end of the direct current bus is respectively connected with the input end of a charging control module through a plurality of voltage control modules, the direct current bus is used for collecting energy and generating a voltage required by covering various batteries through DC/DC conversion, and the voltage control modules are used for outputting a proper charging voltage in a BUCK circuit mode through a PWM technology according to the voltage parameters of the charged batteries; the output end of each charging control module is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the input end of a battery interface, the other path is connected with the signal input end of a detection and signal processing module, the charging control module is used for controlling the access time of a charging circuit, namely, after the voltage control module adjusts the charging voltage to meet the requirement of the charging battery, the charging circuit is connected with the charging battery and the charging process control is realized, the quick charging of the battery is realized through the control of constant-current charging, constant-voltage charging and trickle charging, and the charging circuit is automatically disconnected after the battery is fully charged; the signal output end of the detection and information processing module is connected with the signal input end of the MPU module, and the detection and information processing module is used for automatically detecting the voltage and the charge state of the rechargeable battery, providing a control basis for voltage control and charge control, converting and processing the detected signal and converting the detected signal into data which can be received by the MPU; and the control signal output end of the MPU module is respectively connected with the control signal input ends of the electrical interface, the electric energy intelligent control module, the direct current bus module, the voltage control module and the charging control module and is used for acting under the control of the MPU module.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the router still includes lead acid battery intelligent charging device, lead acid battery intelligent charging device includes the EMI module, exchange 380V power respectively with the input of EMI module, input voltage detection module is connected, the output of EMI module is connected with smooth filter module's signal input part after rectifier filter module, full-bridge contravariant module and secondary rectifier module in proper order, smooth filter module's output through signal sampling module with connect the signal input part of anti-detection module, connect a signal output part of anti-detection module to be lead acid battery intelligent charging device's charge output end, an output of signal sampling module and connect anti-detection module to be connected with single chip module's signal input part respectively, temperature sensor's signal output part with single chip module's signal input part is connected, single chip module's a signal output part and D/A transform module's signal input part are connected The current and voltage signal output end of the D/A conversion module is connected with the signal input end of the PWM control module, the signal output section of the input end voltage detection module and the temperature detection circuit is connected with the signal input end of the PWM control module, and the signal output end of the PWM control module is connected with the control end of the full-bridge inverter circuit through the isolation amplifying circuit.
Adopt the produced beneficial effect of above-mentioned technical scheme to lie in: this application includes lithium battery charging device and lead acid battery intelligent charging device, wherein lithium battery charging device has following advantage: 1) and energy diversity at the power supply side. The input can be alternating current energy, such as a national power grid, diesel engine power generation, wind power generation and the like, or can be direct current energy, such as photovoltaic, storage battery, super capacitor and the like, a plug-and-play electrical interface is designed at the electric energy input side, single energy (such as commercial power and a diesel generator) can be used as a charging power supply, and multiple energy (such as photovoltaic, storage battery and super capacitor) can be connected to the grid to be used as the charging power supply.
2) And the charging mode is diversified. Can be the polylith battery charging through an energy, also can be a battery charging through multiple energy, can also be polylith battery charging through multiple energy, more distinctive is: the residual electric quantity of a plurality of batteries can be concentrated into one battery, so that emergency use is realized.
3) The charging object is adaptive. The types of batteries to be charged are many, including 1.5V, 3.6V, 4.3V, 9V, 12V, and the like. When charging, the parameters of the rechargeable battery are not required to be set, the key parameters of the battery can be automatically identified only by inserting the rechargeable battery into any charging interface, and the charging circuit is automatically set to meet the parameter requirements, so that intelligent charging and quick charging are realized.
The intelligent charging device for the lead-acid storage battery can realize three charging modes of quick charging, conventional charging and full floating charging of the lead-acid storage battery so as to meet the charging requirements under different environments, and is convenient to use.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a lithium battery charging device in a router according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of an electrical interface module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of an intelligent charging device for a lead-acid battery in a router according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a control circuit of a single chip microcomputer in the intelligent charging device for a lead-acid storage battery according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a PWM control module in the intelligent charging device for a lead-acid battery according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an isolation amplification module in the intelligent charging device for a lead-acid battery according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an input voltage detection circuit in the intelligent charging device for a lead-acid battery according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a reverse detection module in the intelligent charging device for a lead-acid battery according to the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described and will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention discloses a multi-energy mode battery charging router, which includes an electrical interface, where the electrical interface is connected to a signal input end of an intelligent electric energy management and control module, and the electrical interface is used to implement plug and play of various electric energy sources and control priority of access of the electric energy sources; the signal output end of the intelligent electric energy management and control module is connected with the input end of the direct current bus, the electric energy management and control module is only used for realizing electric energy conversion, various energy sources are converted into direct current voltage required by the direct current bus through AC/DC and DC/DC, whether single energy source power supply or multiple energy source grid-connected power supply is adopted is controlled, and if multiple energy source grid-connected power supply is adopted, an output strategy of each energy source is distributed; the output end of the direct current bus is respectively connected with the input end of a charging control module through a plurality of voltage control modules, the direct current bus is used for collecting energy and generating a voltage required by covering various batteries through DC/DC conversion, and the voltage control modules are used for outputting a proper charging voltage in a BUCK circuit mode through a PWM technology according to the voltage parameters of the charged batteries; the output end of each charging control module is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the input end of a battery interface, the other path is connected with the signal input end of a detection and signal processing module, the charging control module is used for controlling the access time of a charging circuit, namely, after the voltage control module adjusts the charging voltage to meet the requirement of the charging battery, the charging circuit is connected with the charging battery and the charging process control is realized, the quick charging of the battery is realized through the control of constant-current charging, constant-voltage charging and trickle charging, and the charging circuit is automatically disconnected after the battery is fully charged; the signal output end of the detection and information processing module is connected with the signal input end of the MPU module, and the detection and information processing module is used for automatically detecting the voltage and the charge state of the rechargeable battery, providing a control basis for voltage control and charge control, converting and processing the detected signal and converting the detected signal into data which can be received by the MPU; and the control signal output end of the MPU module is respectively connected with the control signal input ends of the electrical interface, the electric energy intelligent control module, the direct current bus module, the voltage control module and the charging control module and is used for acting under the control of the MPU module.
The electrical interface can be switched in an alternating current power supply and a direct current power supply: the alternating current power supply can be commercial power, power station power generation, wind power generation and the like, and the direct current power supply can be photovoltaic power generation, batteries, super capacitors and the like. When different power supplies are connected to the electrical interface, the identification is carried out firstly, and then different conversion circuits are connected.
Extracting the remaining electric quantity of the battery: the battery connected to the dc power supply side is not necessarily a battery that stores full energy, but may be a battery whose state of charge can no longer support the operation of the electrical equipment. Under the field battle condition, if the energy can not be supplemented, the energy can not be communicated with the outside, so that the energy of a plurality of residual batteries is concentrated into one battery, and the emergency method is provided.
Distributing the grid-connected energy of various energy sources: one is when there are multiple power supplies such as photovoltaic, wind energy, storage battery, etc., and one energy cannot support the electrical energy need for charging the battery, it is necessary to use more than two power supplies for power supply, how these energy are connected to the grid, and how the energy is distributed. The other is how to extract and collect energy when a plurality of residual batteries charge one battery.
Intelligent regulation and control of battery charging voltage: the voltage of the rechargeable battery may be 1.5V, 3.6V, 12V, etc., and in order to meet the self-adaptive requirement of the charging side, the charging requirement of the rechargeable battery needs to be firstly judged, and then the charging condition needs to be intelligently adjusted.
Battery charging control and management: the battery charging process should be as fast as possible, and the charging technology needs to be reasonably selected, and the processes of constant-current charging and constant-voltage charging are designed.
Measurement of main parameters of the battery: the main parameters of the rechargeable battery are measured to be used as the basis for intelligently setting the charging condition and also provide the basis for the charging process management.
Furthermore, in order to conveniently input a control command and display the processed data, the router further comprises a human-computer interaction module, wherein the human-computer interaction module is bidirectionally connected with the MPU module and is used for inputting the control command and displaying the output data. The specific modes of the human-computer interaction module are at least two types, namely: the man-machine interaction module comprises a key module connected with the signal input end of the MPU module and a display module connected with the signal output end of the MPU module. And the second method comprises the following steps: the man-machine interaction module comprises a touch screen module which is bidirectionally connected with the MPU module, and it should be noted that the man-machine interaction module specifically uses a type which can be selected by a person skilled in the art according to actual needs.
The electric interface comprises a mains supply module and a direct current supply module, and further, as shown in fig. 2, the mains supply module comprises a mains supply input module, the output end of the mains supply input module is divided into two paths, the first path is connected with the input end of the sampling module, the second path is connected with the input end of the AC-DC module through the controllable switch, the output end of the AC-DC module is connected with the input end of the direct current bus module, the output end of the sampling module is connected with the signal input end of the comparator, the signal output end of the comparator is connected with the signal input end of the microprocessor, and the signal output end of the microprocessor is connected with the control end of the controllable switch through the control module and used for controlling the on-off of the controllable switch.
The sampling module is used for collecting the voltage accessed to the power supply, and the voltage is converted into a level value through partial pressure and effective value conversion, and the coupling mode can adopt photoelectric coupling to play an isolation role.
A comparator: the anti-interference function is realized, a threshold value can be designed, and the output level of the threshold value meets the level requirement of the microprocessor.
A control module: the relay controls the connection and disconnection of the power supplies, and when a plurality of power supplies are connected, the microprocessor determines which power supply is connected.
The router has the advantages of power supply side energy diversity, charging mode diversity, charging object adaptability and the like.
Further, the router also comprises an intelligent charging device of the lead-acid storage battery, as shown in fig. 3, the intelligent charging device of the lead-acid storage battery comprises an EMI module, an alternating current 380V power supply is respectively connected with the EMI module and the input end of the input voltage detection module, the output end of the EMI module is connected with the signal input end of the smoothing filter module after sequentially passing through the rectification filter module, the full-bridge inversion module and the secondary rectification module, the output end of the smoothing filter module is connected with the signal input end of the inverse connection detection module through the signal sampling module, one signal output end of the inverse connection detection module is the charging output end of the intelligent charging device of the lead-acid storage battery, one output end of the signal sampling module and the inverse connection detection module are respectively connected with the signal input end of the single chip microcomputer module, and the signal output end of the temperature sensor is connected with the signal input end of the single chip microcomputer module, the signal output end of the single chip microcomputer module is connected with the signal input end of the D/A conversion module, the current and voltage signal output ends of the D/A conversion module are connected with the signal input end of the PWM control module, the signal output sections of the input end voltage detection module and the temperature detection circuit are connected with the signal input end of the PWM control module, and the signal output end of the PWM control module is connected with the control end of the full-bridge inverter circuit through the isolation amplifying circuit.
The main circuit adopts a full-bridge inversion topological structure form to realize the conversion of electric energy; the control circuit comprises a PWM control part and a singlechip system part and realizes the charge state detection, the charge current judgment and the precision control of the storage battery; the protection circuit comprises an input voltage detection circuit, an output overcurrent and overvoltage detection circuit, a complete machine over-temperature detection circuit and a battery reverse connection detection circuit.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, the single chip microcomputer module comprises a PIC16F877A-I/P type single chip microcomputer.
The keyboard module performs scanning control through an I/O port of the singlechip. 4 keys are set, namely 'ok', 'voltage', 'capacity' and 'type'. In actual operation, firstly, the selection of the type of the storage battery (lead-acid or nickel-base) is carried out, then the setting of the battery parameters (voltage and capacity) is carried out, and when all operations are determined to be correct, a determination key is pressed to start charging.
The LCD driving module selects MCG12864 as the display, and can display 4 × 8 Chinese characters. The storage battery is directly driven by an I/O port (D port) of the singlechip, and mainly performs storage battery parameter setting display, charging state display and the like. The temperature acquisition module utilizes a high-performance digital temperature control chip DS18B20 as a sensor to measure the temperature rise of the storage battery, wherein the temperature measurement range is-55 to +125 ℃, and the measurement precision is +/-0.5 ℃ within the temperature range of-10 to +85 ℃.
Because the chip adopts a 'one-line bus' mode to carry out digital transmission, the size is reduced, and the anti-interference performance of the system is improved. The clock circuit uses the real-time clock chip DS1302 to time the charging time. Other control signals include a battery reverse detection signal, an output relay control signal, and a depolarization control signal (QJH), all of which are directly controlled by an I/O port. If the storage battery connected with the charger is reversely connected, the detection signal is changed into high level, and the single chip microcomputer gives an alarm signal after judging; otherwise, the singlechip enables the output relay control signal to be changed into high level, the output relay is closed, and charging is started. When depolarization is needed, the single chip microcomputer enables the depolarization control signal to output a series of pulse waves to finish depolarization.
Further, as shown in fig. 5, the PWM control module includes a SG3525AN type control chip U14, where 1 pin of the U14 is divided into three paths, the first path is grounded after passing through a resistor R92, a capacitor C82, and a capacitor C85 in sequence, the second path is connected to a sliding end of a potentiometer R94, the third path is grounded through a capacitor C83, one end of the potentiometer R94 is grounded, the other end of the potentiometer R94 is connected to a Vo signal output end through a resistor R93, the 2 pin of the U14 is divided into two paths, the first path is connected to a Vo signal output end through a capacitor C932PThe ground is connected, the second is connected with the DA-V output end of the D/a conversion module, the 3 pin of the U14 is grounded, the 4 pin of the U14 is suspended, the 5 pin of the U14 is grounded through a capacitor C78, the 6 pin of the U14 is grounded through a resistor R86, the 7 pin of the U14 is connected with the 5 pin of the U14 through a resistor R88, the 8 pin of the U14 is divided into two paths, the first path is grounded through a capacitor C88, the second path is connected with the collector of a triode Q17, the emitter of the triode Q17 is grounded, the base of the triode Q17 is connected with the output end of an LM324N type differential amplifier U2C through a resistor R99, the 4 pin of the U2C is connected with the 11 pin of the U2C through a capacitor C90, the inverting input end of the U2C is connected with one end of a resistor R104, the other end of the resistor R104 is connected with the DA-V output end of the D/a conversion module, and the non-inverting input end of the U2R 2C is connected with the non-inverting input end of the resistor R C, the other end of the resistor R107 is divided into three paths, the first path is connected with the output end of an LM324N type differential amplifier U2D, the second path is grounded through a capacitor C93, the third path is connected with the inverting input end of the U2D through a resistor R100, the inverting input end of the U2C is connected with the non-inverting input end of the U2C through a capacitor C89, one end of a resistor R105 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R105 is connected with the inverting input end of the U2D, and the non-inverting input end of the U2D is connected with the sampling current output end; the pin 9 of the U14 is divided into two paths, the first path is grounded through a capacitor C85, and the second path sequentially passes through a capacitor C82 and a resistor R92Then is connected with the 1 pin of the U14; the 10 pins of the U14 are divided into two paths, the first path is grounded through a resistor R90, and the second path is a fault signal input end; pins 11 and 14 of the U14 are signal output ends; the 12 pin of the U14 is grounded; the 13 pins of the U14 are divided into three paths, the first path is connected with a 12V power supply, the second path is grounded through a capacitor C75, and the third path is connected with the 15 pins of the U14 after passing through a resistor R84; the 15 pins of the U14 are grounded through a capacitor C76; the 16-pin of the U14 is divided into two paths, the first path is a Vref input end, and the second path is grounded through a capacitor C73.
The driving signal is generated by adopting a mode that a singlechip is matched with a PWM control chip SG3525AN, a storage battery voltage signal is input to an inverting terminal (pin 1) of an error amplifier SG3525AN through resistors R93 and R94, and the output voltage is controlled by comparing the storage battery voltage signal with a reference signal (DA-V) given by the singlechip. After the current sampling signal (SampleC) is amplified by 60 times, the current sampling signal is compared with a current given signal (DA-C), if the sampling signal is larger than the given signal, the output end of the operational amplifier U2C becomes high level, the triode Q17 is turned on, the capacitor C88 quickly discharges and becomes the ground potential, the output of the SG3525AN is cut off, and the effect of stably outputting current is achieved. The circuit adopts double-loop control of current and voltage, the current loop is an inner loop, and the voltage loop does not work when current regulation is carried out. When the equalizing constant voltage charging is carried out at the charging end stage, the voltage ring plays a role in regulation.
Further, since the driving power of SG3525 is relatively small, it is not enough to drive high-power IGBTs, and for the reliability of system operation, the output stage of PWM is required to be isolated from the driving stage of IGBT, the isolated amplified driving circuit designed by this application is shown in fig. 6.
The isolation amplification module comprises TC4422 type MOSFET drivers U11 and U12, wherein 1 pin of U11 is divided into two paths, the first path is grounded through a capacitor C50, the second path is connected with a 12V power supply, 2 pins of U11 are connected with a signal output end of the PWM control module, 3 pins of U11 are suspended, and 4 pins of U11 are grounded; the pin 5 of the U11 is divided into three paths, the first path is grounded through a capacitor C51, the second path is grounded through a capacitor C49, and the third path is connected with a 12V power supply; the 6 pins of the U11 are divided into six paths, the first path is connected with the 7 pin of the U11, the second path is grounded through a capacitor C57, the third path is connected with a 12V power supply through a diode D43, the fourth path is connected with the 12V power supply through a diode D44, the fifth path is connected with one end of a primary winding of a transformer T7, and the sixth path is connected with one end of a primary winding of a transformer T6;
the 1 pin of the U12 is divided into two paths, the first path is grounded through a capacitor C62, the second path is connected with a 12V power supply, the 2 pin of the U12 is connected with the signal output end of the PWM control module, the 3 pin of the U12 is suspended, and the 4 pin of the U12 is grounded; the pin 5 of the U12 is divided into three paths, the first path is grounded through a capacitor C61, the second path is grounded through a capacitor C63, and the third path is connected with a 12V power supply; the 6 pins of the U12 are divided into six paths, the first path is connected with the 7 pin of the U12, the second path is grounded through a capacitor C64, the third path is connected with a 12V power supply through a diode D46, the fourth path is connected with the 12V power supply through a diode D47, the fifth path is connected with the other end of the primary side of a transformer T7, and the sixth path is connected with the other end of the primary side of a transformer T6.
In fig. 6, a high-speed MOSFET driver TC4422 is employed as a power amplifying element. The TC4422 has the characteristics of wide working voltage (4.5-18V), large output current (Imax = 9A), short transmission delay (30 ns) and the like, and can be directly driven by TTL or CMOS. In order to meet the requirement that 4 IGBT driving signals of the full-bridge converter are mutually isolated, the project adopts a multi-winding pulse transformer as an isolation link. Because the two paths of PWM signals are complementary, according to the arrangement of the dotted terminals of the pulse transformer in fig. 8, when OUTA is at a high level, the bases of Q1 and Q4 are subjected to forward voltage conduction, and the bases of Q2 and Q3 are subjected to reverse voltage cutoff; the opposite is true when OUTA goes low.
The input voltage detection circuit is shown in fig. 7 and comprises a power supply, a voltage sampling part, an overvoltage detection part, an undervoltage detection part and an output control part 5. The input voltage detection circuit comprises a transformer T8, one end of a primary side of a transformer T8 is connected with one-phase power supply of an input end 380V power supply, one end of a secondary side of a T8 is connected with one input end of a rectifier bridge D49, the other end of the secondary side of the T8 is connected with the other input end of a rectifier bridge D49, one output end of the rectifier bridge D49 is grounded, the other output end of the rectifier bridge D49 is divided into three paths, the first path is grounded through a capacitor C66, the second path is grounded through a resistor R73 and a resistor R76 in sequence, the third path is connected with a pin 1 of an MC7815CK type power supply chip U13, a node of the resistor R76 and the resistor R73 is divided into two paths, the first path is grounded through a capacitor C69, the second path is grounded through a capacitor C4, a pin 3 of the U13 is grounded, and a pin 2 of the U13 is a 15V power supply output end;
one end of a resistor R80 is connected with a 15V power supply, the other end of a resistor R80 is connected with a pin 3 of a potentiometer R83, a pin 1 of the potentiometer R83 is grounded, a pin 2 of the potentiometer R83 is divided into four paths, a first path is grounded through a capacitor C77, a second path is grounded through a capacitor C5, a third path is connected with one end of a capacitor C74, a fourth path is connected with the inverted signal input end of an LM324 operational amplifier U1A, the output end of the U1A is divided into two paths, the first path is connected with the 15V power supply through a resistor R89, the second path is connected with one input end of an AND gate U5A, the other end of the capacitor C74 is divided into two paths, the first path is connected with the non-inverting signal input end of the LM324 operational amplifier U1A, and the second path is connected with the inverted signal input end of the LM324 operational amplifier U1D;
one end of a resistor R91 is connected with a 15V power supply, the other end of the resistor R91 is connected with a pin 3 of a potentiometer R95, a pin 1 of the potentiometer R95 is grounded, a pin 2 of the potentiometer R95 is divided into four paths, the first path is grounded through a capacitor C84, the second path is grounded through a capacitor C6, the third path is connected with the inverted signal input end of an LM324 type operational amplifier U1D through a capacitor C81, the fourth path is connected with the inverted signal input end of an LM324 type operational amplifier U1D, the output end of the U1D is divided into two paths, the first path is connected with the 15V power supply through a resistor R96, and the second path is connected with the other input end of an AND gate U5A;
the signal output end of the U5A is divided into two paths, the first path is connected with the non-inverting signal input end of an LM324 type operational amplifier U1B, the second path is connected with the non-inverting signal input end of an LM324 type operational amplifier U1C, the inverting signal input end of the U1B is connected with the inverting signal input end of the U1C, the 4-pin of the U1C is connected with the 3-pin of the U1C through a capacitor C80, the output end of the U1C and the output end of the U1B are connected and then connected with one end of a switch in a relay K2 through a light emitting diode LED1, the other end of the switch in the relay K2 is connected with one end of a resistor R71, the other end of the resistor R71 is divided into two paths, the first path is grounded through a resistor R6, the second path is connected with the base of a triode Q15, the emitter of the Q15 is grounded, the collector of the Q15 is divided into two paths, the first path is connected with a 15V power supply after sequentially passing through a diode D9 and a resistor R69553, the switch of the relay K1 is connected in series to the 380V power input end.
The power supply part adopts a linear voltage regulator MC7815CK to output stable direct current 15V voltage, and the transformation ratio of a transformer T8 is set to be 380/17, so that the power supply part can work normally under the condition of the worst input voltage (< 320V).
The voltage sampling circuit consists of resistors R73 and R76 and filter capacitors C69 and C4, and when the input voltage changes, the voltages at two ends of the resistor R76 change in the same ratio.
The undervoltage detection circuit is composed of resistors R80 and R83, an operational amplifier U1A and a filter capacitor, and the output voltage of the resistor R83 is used as the reference voltage of the undervoltage detection circuit.
The overvoltage detection circuit is composed of resistors R91 and R95, an operational amplifier U1D and a filter capacitor, and the output voltage of the resistor R95 is used as the reference voltage of the overvoltage detection circuit.
The output control part comprises a two-input AND gate U5A, an operational amplifier U1B, U1C, a triode Q15 and the like. When the input voltage is in a normal range (320-440V), the outputs of the operational amplifiers U1A and U1D are both at a high level, and are added to the in-phase end of the operational amplifier U1B (U1C) after AND operation, and the triode Q15 is conducted due to the fact that the voltage is higher than the voltage of the anti-phase end (LL), the relay K1 is closed, and the charger is connected with the input power supply. If the input voltage is lower than 320V, the non-inverting terminal voltage of the operational amplifier U1A is lower than the inverting terminal voltage, the output end is low level, the non-inverting terminal voltage of the operational amplifier U1B (U1C) is lower than the inverting terminal voltage, the triode Q15 is cut off, and the relay K1 is disconnected. Similarly, if the input voltage is higher than 440V, relay K1 will not close as well.
Further, as shown in fig. 8, the reverse connection detection module includes an LM324N type operational amplifier U2A-U2D, non-inverting signal input terminals of the U2A-U2D are respectively connected with a closing control signal, inverted signal input terminals of the U2A-U2D are connected together and then divided into two paths, the first path is grounded via a resistor R8, the second path is connected with a 12V power supply via a resistor R3, an output terminal of the U2A is connected with a base of a triode Q1 via a resistor R4, an output terminal of the U2B is connected with a base of a triode Q B via a resistor R B, an output terminal of the U2B is connected with a base of the triode Q B via a resistor R B, an emitter of the Q B-Q B is grounded, a collector of the Q B is connected with a V power supply via a coil of a relay K B, a collector of the Q B is connected with a collector of the relay K3612V power supply via a coil of the relay K B, and a collector of the relay V B is connected with a collector of the relay V B, the collector of the Q4 is connected with a 12V power supply through a coil of a relay K4; one end of a normally open contact of the relay K1 is connected with the VO ', the other end of the normally open contact of the relay K1 is connected with the positive electrode of the battery, one end of the normally open contact of the relay K2 is connected with the VO', the other end of the normally open contact of the relay K2 is connected with the positive electrode of the battery, one end of the normally open contact of the relay K3 is connected with the VO ', the other end of the normally open contact of the relay K3 is connected with the positive electrode of the battery, one end of the normally open contact of the relay K4 is connected with the VO', and the other end of the normally open contact of the relay K4 is connected with the positive electrode of the battery; the negative electrode of the battery is grounded, the positive electrode of the battery is connected with the negative electrode of a light emitting diode in a TLP 521-type optocoupler U1 after passing through a diode D1, the positive electrode of the light emitting diode in the U1 is grounded through a resistor R2, the emitter of a photosensitive triode in the U1 is grounded, the collector of the photosensitive triode in the U1 is divided into two paths, the first path is connected with the reverse detection signal output end, and the second path is connected with a 12V power supply through a resistor R1.
The circuit uses a photocoupler TLP521 as a detection element. According to the output characteristic of the TLP521, when the polarity of the battery is reversed and the voltage is greater than 5V, the photocoupler is turned on, so that the "reverse connection detection" terminal is changed to a low level. The single chip microcomputer detects the signal after initialization is finished, if the signal is high level, the polarity of the battery is not inverted, then the 'closed control' end is changed into high level (5V), the output of the operational amplifier is changed from low level to high level, the triodes Q1-Q4 are in saturated conduction, the relays K1-K4 work, and the storage battery is connected to the output end of the charger; and otherwise, the polarity of the battery is considered to be reversed, the output relays K1-K4 cannot be closed, and an alarm signal is given out at the same time.

Claims (10)

1. A multi-energy mode battery charging router, comprising: the lithium battery charging device comprises an electrical interface, the electrical interface is connected with the signal input end of the intelligent electric energy management and control module, and the electrical interface is used for realizing plug and play of various electric energy sources and controlling the priority of the access of the electric energy sources; the signal output end of the intelligent electric energy management and control module is connected with the input end of the direct current bus, the electric energy management and control module is only used for realizing electric energy conversion, various energy sources are converted into direct current voltage required by the direct current bus through AC/DC and DC/DC, whether single energy source power supply or multiple energy source grid-connected power supply is adopted is controlled, and if multiple energy source grid-connected power supply is adopted, an output strategy of each energy source is distributed; the output end of the direct current bus is respectively connected with the input end of a charging control module through a plurality of voltage control modules, the direct current bus is used for collecting energy and generating a voltage required by covering various batteries through DC/DC conversion, and the voltage control modules are used for outputting a proper charging voltage in a BUCK circuit mode through a PWM technology according to the voltage parameters of the charged batteries; the output end of each charging control module is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the input end of a battery interface, the other path is connected with the signal input end of a detection and signal processing module, the charging control module is used for controlling the access time of a charging circuit, namely, after the voltage control module adjusts the charging voltage to meet the requirement of the charging battery, the charging circuit is connected with the charging battery and the charging process control is realized, the quick charging of the battery is realized through the control of constant-current charging, constant-voltage charging and trickle charging, and the charging circuit is automatically disconnected after the battery is fully charged; the signal output end of the detection and information processing module is connected with the signal input end of the MPU module, and the detection and information processing module is used for automatically detecting the voltage and the charge state of the rechargeable battery, providing a control basis for voltage control and charge control, converting and processing the detected signal and converting the detected signal into data which can be received by the MPU; and the control signal output end of the MPU module is respectively connected with the control signal input ends of the electrical interface, the electric energy intelligent control module, the direct current bus module, the voltage control module and the charging control module and is used for acting under the control of the MPU module.
2. The multi-energy mode battery charging router of claim 1, wherein: the router also comprises a human-computer interaction module which is connected with the MPU module in a two-way mode and used for inputting control commands and displaying output data.
3. The multi-energy mode battery charging router of claim 2, wherein: the man-machine interaction module comprises a key module connected with a signal input end of the MPU module and a display module connected with a signal output end of the MPU module, or the man-machine interaction module comprises a touch screen module bidirectionally connected with the MPU module.
4. The multi-energy mode battery charging router of claim 1, wherein: the electric interface comprises a mains supply module and a direct current power supply module, the mains supply module comprises a mains supply input module, the output end of the mains supply input module is divided into two paths, the first path is connected with the input end of a sampling module, the second path is connected with the input end of an AC-DC module through a controllable switch, the output end of the AC-DC module is connected with the input end of a direct current bus module, the output end of the sampling module is connected with the signal input end of a comparator, the signal output end of the comparator is connected with the signal input end of a microprocessor, and the signal output end of the microprocessor is connected with the control end of the controllable switch through a control module and used for controlling the on-off of the controllable switch.
5. The multi-energy mode battery charging router of claim 1, wherein: the intelligent charging device of the lead-acid storage battery comprises an EMI module, an alternating current 380V power supply is respectively connected with the input ends of the EMI module and an input voltage detection module, the output end of the EMI module sequentially passes through a rectification filter module, a full-bridge inversion module and a secondary rectification module and then is connected with the signal input end of a smoothing filter module, the output end of the smoothing filter module is connected with the signal input end of an inversion detection module through a signal sampling module, one signal output end of the inversion detection module is the charging output end of the intelligent charging device of the lead-acid storage battery, one output end of the signal sampling module and the inversion detection module are respectively connected with the signal input end of a single chip microcomputer module, the signal output end of a temperature sensor is connected with the signal input end of the single chip microcomputer module, one signal output end of the single chip microcomputer module is connected with the signal input end of a D/A conversion module, the current and voltage signal output end of the D/A conversion module is connected with the signal input end of the PWM control module, the signal output section of the input end voltage detection module and the temperature detection circuit is connected with the signal input end of the PWM control module, and the signal output end of the PWM control module is connected with the control end of the full-bridge inverter circuit through the isolation amplifying circuit.
6. The multi-energy mode battery charging router of claim 5, wherein: the single chip microcomputer module comprises a PIC16F877A-I/P type single chip microcomputer.
7. The multi-energy mode battery charging router of claim 5, wherein: the PWM control module comprises a SG3525AN type control chip U14, wherein 1 pin of the U14 is divided into three paths, the first path is grounded after sequentially passing through a resistor R92, a capacitor C82 and a capacitor C85, the second path is connected with the sliding end of a potentiometer R94, the third path is grounded through the capacitor C83, one end of the potentiometer R94 is grounded, the other end of the potentiometer R94 is connected with a Vo signal output end through a resistor R93, the 2 pins of the U14 are divided into two paths, and the first path is connected with a Vo signal output end through the capacitor C932PThe second terminal is connected with the DA-V output terminal of the D/A conversion module, the 3 pins of the U14 are grounded, the 4 pins of the U14 are suspended, and the U14 is grounded through a capacitor C78, a pin 6 of the U14 is grounded through a resistor R86, a pin 7 of the U14 is grounded through a resistor R88 and then connected with a pin 5 of the U14, a pin 8 of the U14 is divided into two paths, the first path is grounded through a capacitor C88, the second path is connected with a collector of a triode Q17, an emitter of the triode Q17 is grounded, a base of the triode Q17 is connected with an output end of a differential amplifier U2C of an LM324N type through a resistor R99, a pin 4 of the U2C is connected with a pin 11 of the U2C through a capacitor C90, an inverting input end of the U2C is connected with one end of a resistor R104, the other end of the resistor R104 is connected with a DA-C output end of a D/a conversion module, a non-inverting input end of the U2C is connected with one end of a resistor R107, the other end of the resistor R107 is divided into a first path is connected with an output end of a differential amplifier U2D of the differential amplifier of the LM324N type, and the second path is grounded through a capacitor C93, a third path is connected with the inverting input end of the U2D through a resistor R100, the inverting input end of the U2C is connected with the non-inverting input end of the U2C through a capacitor C89, one end of a resistor R105 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R105 is connected with the inverting input end of the U2D, and the non-inverting input end of the U2D is connected with the sampling current output end; the pin 9 of the U14 is divided into two paths, the first path is grounded through a capacitor C85, and the second path is connected with the pin 1 of the U14 after sequentially passing through a capacitor C82 and a resistor R92; the 10 pins of the U14 are divided into two paths, the first path is grounded through a resistor R90, and the second path is a fault signal input end; pins 11 and 14 of the U14 are signal output ends; the 12 pin of the U14 is grounded; the 13 pins of the U14 are divided into three paths, the first path is connected with a 12V power supply, the second path is grounded through a capacitor C75, and the third path is connected with the 15 pins of the U14 after passing through a resistor R84; the 15 pins of the U14 are grounded through a capacitor C76; the 16-pin of the U14 is divided into two paths, the first path is a Vref input end, and the second path is grounded through a capacitor C73.
8. The multi-energy mode battery charging router of claim 5, wherein: the isolation amplification module comprises TC4422 type MOSFET drivers U11 and U12, wherein 1 pin of U11 is divided into two paths, the first path is grounded through a capacitor C50, the second path is connected with a 12V power supply, 2 pins of U11 are connected with a signal output end of the PWM control module, 3 pins of U11 are suspended, and 4 pins of U11 are grounded; the pin 5 of the U11 is divided into three paths, the first path is grounded through a capacitor C51, the second path is grounded through a capacitor C49, and the third path is connected with a 12V power supply; the 6 pins of the U11 are divided into six paths, the first path is connected with the 7 pin of the U11, the second path is grounded through a capacitor C57, the third path is connected with a 12V power supply through a diode D43, the fourth path is connected with the 12V power supply through a diode D44, the fifth path is connected with one end of a primary winding of a transformer T7, and the sixth path is connected with one end of a primary winding of a transformer T6;
the 1 pin of the U12 is divided into two paths, the first path is grounded through a capacitor C62, the second path is connected with a 12V power supply, the 2 pin of the U12 is connected with the signal output end of the PWM control module, the 3 pin of the U12 is suspended, and the 4 pin of the U12 is grounded; the pin 5 of the U12 is divided into three paths, the first path is grounded through a capacitor C61, the second path is grounded through a capacitor C63, and the third path is connected with a 12V power supply; the 6 pins of the U12 are divided into six paths, the first path is connected with the 7 pin of the U12, the second path is grounded through a capacitor C64, the third path is connected with a 12V power supply through a diode D46, the fourth path is connected with the 12V power supply through a diode D47, the fifth path is connected with the other end of the primary side of a transformer T7, and the sixth path is connected with the other end of the primary side of a transformer T6.
9. The multi-energy mode battery charging router of claim 5, wherein: the input voltage detection circuit comprises a transformer T8, one end of a primary side of a transformer T8 is connected with one-phase power supply of an input end 380V power supply, one end of a secondary side of a T8 is connected with one input end of a rectifier bridge D49, the other end of the secondary side of the T8 is connected with the other input end of a rectifier bridge D49, one output end of the rectifier bridge D49 is grounded, the other output end of the rectifier bridge D49 is divided into three paths, the first path is grounded through a capacitor C66, the second path is grounded through a resistor R73 and a resistor R76 in sequence, the third path is connected with a pin 1 of an MC7815CK type power supply chip U13, a node of the resistor R76 and the resistor R73 is divided into two paths, the first path is grounded through a capacitor C69, the second path is grounded through a capacitor C4, a pin 3 of the U13 is grounded, and a pin 2 of the U13 is a 15V power supply output end;
one end of a resistor R80 is connected with a 15V power supply, the other end of a resistor R80 is connected with a pin 3 of a potentiometer R83, a pin 1 of the potentiometer R83 is grounded, a pin 2 of the potentiometer R83 is divided into four paths, a first path is grounded through a capacitor C77, a second path is grounded through a capacitor C5, a third path is connected with one end of a capacitor C74, a fourth path is connected with the inverted signal input end of an LM324 operational amplifier U1A, the output end of the U1A is divided into two paths, the first path is connected with the 15V power supply through a resistor R89, the second path is connected with one input end of an AND gate U5A, the other end of the capacitor C74 is divided into two paths, the first path is connected with the non-inverting signal input end of the LM324 operational amplifier U1A, and the second path is connected with the inverted signal input end of the LM324 operational amplifier U1D;
one end of a resistor R91 is connected with a 15V power supply, the other end of the resistor R91 is connected with a pin 3 of a potentiometer R95, a pin 1 of the potentiometer R95 is grounded, a pin 2 of the potentiometer R95 is divided into four paths, the first path is grounded through a capacitor C84, the second path is grounded through a capacitor C6, the third path is connected with the inverted signal input end of an LM324 type operational amplifier U1D through a capacitor C81, the fourth path is connected with the inverted signal input end of an LM324 type operational amplifier U1D, the output end of the U1D is divided into two paths, the first path is connected with the 15V power supply through a resistor R96, and the second path is connected with the other input end of an AND gate U5A;
the signal output end of the U5A is divided into two paths, the first path is connected with the non-inverting signal input end of an LM324 type operational amplifier U1B, the second path is connected with the non-inverting signal input end of an LM324 type operational amplifier U1C, the inverting signal input end of the U1B is connected with the inverting signal input end of the U1C, the 4-pin of the U1C is connected with the 3-pin of the U1C through a capacitor C80, the output end of the U1C and the output end of the U1B are connected and then connected with one end of a switch in a relay K2 through a light emitting diode LED1, the other end of the switch in the relay K2 is connected with one end of a resistor R71, the other end of the resistor R71 is divided into two paths, the first path is grounded through a resistor R6, the second path is connected with the base of a triode Q15, the emitter of the Q15 is grounded, the collector of the Q15 is divided into two paths, the first path is connected with a 15V power supply after sequentially passing through a diode D9 and a resistor R69553, the switch of the relay K1 is connected in series to the 380V power input end.
10. The multi-energy mode battery charging router of claim 5, wherein: the reverse connection detection module comprises an LM324N type operational amplifier U2A-U2D, non-inverting signal input ends of the U2A-U2D are respectively connected with a closing control signal, inverting signal input ends of the U2A-U2D are connected together and then divided into two paths, the first path is grounded through a resistor R8, the second path is connected with a 12V power supply through a resistor R3, an output end of the U2A is connected with a base of a triode Q1 through a resistor R4, an output end of the U2B is connected with a base of a triode Q B through a resistor R B, an output end of the U2B is connected with a base of the triode Q B through a resistor R B, an output end of the U2B is connected with the base of the triode Q B through a resistor R B, emitters of the Q B-Q B are grounded, a collector of the Q B is connected with the 12V power supply through a coil of a relay K B, and a collector of the Q B is connected with the 12V power supply through a collector of the relay B, the collector of the Q4 is connected with a 12V power supply through a coil of a relay K4; one end of a normally open contact of the relay K1 is connected with the VO ', the other end of the normally open contact of the relay K1 is connected with the positive electrode of the battery, one end of the normally open contact of the relay K2 is connected with the VO', the other end of the normally open contact of the relay K2 is connected with the positive electrode of the battery, one end of the normally open contact of the relay K3 is connected with the VO ', the other end of the normally open contact of the relay K3 is connected with the positive electrode of the battery, one end of the normally open contact of the relay K4 is connected with the VO', and the other end of the normally open contact of the relay K4 is connected with the positive electrode of the battery; the negative electrode of the battery is grounded, the positive electrode of the battery is connected with the negative electrode of a light emitting diode in a TLP 521-type optocoupler U1 after passing through a diode D1, the positive electrode of the light emitting diode in the U1 is grounded through a resistor R2, the emitter of a photosensitive triode in the U1 is grounded, the collector of the photosensitive triode in the U1 is divided into two paths, the first path is connected with the reverse detection signal output end, and the second path is connected with a 12V power supply through a resistor R1.
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