CN113595086B - Power transmission network topology optimization method - Google Patents

Power transmission network topology optimization method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113595086B
CN113595086B CN202111156022.3A CN202111156022A CN113595086B CN 113595086 B CN113595086 B CN 113595086B CN 202111156022 A CN202111156022 A CN 202111156022A CN 113595086 B CN113595086 B CN 113595086B
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transmission network
power
power transmission
main transformer
topology optimization
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CN113595086A (en
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汪超群
陈懿
迟长云
蒋雪冬
李晓波
乔辉
史立勤
陶媛
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Zhejiang Zheda Energy Technology Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/04—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for connecting networks of the same frequency but supplied from different sources
    • H02J3/06—Controlling transfer of power between connected networks; Controlling sharing of load between connected networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2203/10—Power transmission or distribution systems management focussing at grid-level, e.g. load flow analysis, node profile computation, meshed network optimisation, active network management or spinning reserve management
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a power transmission network topology optimization method, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of taking load balancing and the minimum number of switching actions before and after topological optimization of the power transmission network as optimization targets, and comprehensively considering 8 large boundary constraint conditions of topological optimization to construct a topological optimization model of the power transmission network; acquiring operation data of the power transmission network in real time; and inputting the acquired power transmission network operation data into a power transmission network topology optimization model, and calculating and outputting the optimized network topology and switch state by the model. The power transmission network topology optimization model constructed by the invention is more reasonable in network topology structure according to the power transmission network operation data output acquired in real time, and has higher application value for reducing the fault range and the power failure time of the power transmission network and reducing the network loss of the power transmission network in a normal state, thereby improving the rationality of the power transmission network tide distribution and the operation safety of a power transmission system.

Description

Power transmission network topology optimization method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power transmission network topology optimization, in particular to a power transmission network topology optimization method.
Background
The high-voltage power transmission network is an important ring for power transmission of an electric power system, and the topological structure and the power flow distribution of the high-voltage power transmission network are reasonable or not, so that the power supply safety of the whole area is directly concerned. At present, a high-voltage power transmission network is optimized mainly by means of offline manual adjustment, so that the efficiency is very low, and various boundary constraints are difficult to consider (for example, the power change of a 220kV transformer substation in the high-voltage power transmission system before and after network topology optimization should not exceed a given range), and therefore the method cannot be applied to real-time optimization and calculation of complex power transmission network topology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a power transmission network topology optimization method aiming at realizing real-time optimization of complex power transmission network topology and improving the rationality of power transmission network topology structure and power flow distribution.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
provided is a power transmission network topology optimization method, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that load balancing and the minimum number of switching actions before and after topological optimization of a power transmission network are taken as optimization targets, a power change range of a 220kV transformer substation before and after topological optimization, branch power operation limit values, power reverse transmission prevention, node power balance, simultaneous closing of reverse disconnecting switches of the transformer substation are not allowed, the number of 110kV main transformers connected under outgoing lines is limited, 110kV main transformer power supplies cannot be the same, and equipment fault states are set as boundary constraint conditions of network topological optimization, so that a power transmission network topological optimization model is constructed;
acquiring operation data of the power transmission network in real time;
inputting the acquired power transmission network operation data into the power transmission network topology optimization model, and calculating and outputting the optimized network topology and switch state by the model;
the objective function solved by the power transmission network topology optimization model is expressed by the following formula (1):
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
in the formula (1), the first and second groups,
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
an objective function representing the power transmission network topology optimization model;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
、
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
respectively representing function terms
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
And
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
the weight of (c);
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
representing an auxiliary variable;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
representing the main transformer branch in the transmission network
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
A set of branches of;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
indicating a fault condition of the power transmission network,
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
,
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
the number of fault states of the power transmission network;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
representing an auxiliary variable;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE014A
satisfies formula (2):
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
in the formula (2), the first and second groups,
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE030
representing the main branch in the transmission network in a normal stateRoad surface
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE018A
The load factor of (a) is,
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE030A
calculated by the following formula (3):
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
in the formula (3), the first and second groups,
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
representing the main transformer branch circuit in the normal state of the power transmission network
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE018AA
The active load of (2);
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
indicating that said grid is flowing through said main transformer branch under normal conditions
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE018AAA
The maximum allowed power of;
in the formula (2) and the formula (3)
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE038
Representing the second in said transmission network
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE038A
A node or a
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE038AA
A strip bus;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE040
representing the second in said transmission network
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE040A
Strip bus or first
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE040AA
A node;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE042
representing each of said main transformer branches within said transmission network
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE018AAAA
The average load rate of (a) is,
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE042A
calculated by the following formula (4):
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE044
in the formula (4), the first and second groups,
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE046
representing the number of said primary transformers within said power transmission network;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE026A
satisfies formula (5):
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE048
in the formula (5), the first and second groups,
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE050
indicating fault condition of transmission network
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE020A
Lower main transformer branch
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE018_5A
Switch or knife state in;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE052
indicating that the main transformer branch is in a normal state
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE018_6A
Switch or knife state in (1).
As a preferred scheme of the present invention, the transmission network operation data obtained in real time includes a current load, a rated active power, a bus number, a node number, node numbers at two outgoing line ends, a rated active power of an outgoing line, a rated active power of a contact line between 110kV stations, active loads of buses in 110kV stations, node numbers at two ends of a disconnecting link or a switch, an equipment fault set, and maximum allowable power of main transformer branches before and after a fault in a high-voltage transmission network.
As a preferred solution of the present invention, the constraint condition of the power variation range of the 220kV substation for power transmission network topology optimization is expressed by the following formula (6):
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE054
in the formula (6), the first and second groups,
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE056
representing the maximum allowable power fluctuation rate of the 220kV transformer substation;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE058
representing that the current flows through a main transformer branch in the 220kV transformer substation before the topological optimization of the transmission network
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE018_7A
Is provided withWork load;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE034A
representing the main transformer branch in the 220kV transformer substation after the transmission network restores to the normal state through topology optimization
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE018_8A
The active load of (2).
As a preferred aspect of the present invention, the branch power operation limit constraint condition of the power transmission network topology optimization is expressed by the following equations (7) to (8):
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE060
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE062
in the formula (8), the first and second groups,
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE064
indicating the fault state
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE020AA
The main transformer branch in the lower power transmission network
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE018_9A
Active power of (d);
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE066
indicating that the grid is in the fault state
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE020AAA
Downward flow through the main transformer branch
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE018_10A
Is measured.
As a preferred aspect of the present invention, the constraint of preventing power back-off for grid topology optimization is expressed by the following equation (9):
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE068
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE070
and representing that the active flow direction of the main transformer in the power transmission network flows from the main transformer to the load.
As a preferred aspect of the present invention, the node power balance constraint of the power transmission network topology optimization is expressed by the following equations (10) to (11):
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE072
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE074
in the formulae (10) to (11),
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE076
、
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE078
in normal and fault states, respectively
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE020AAAA
Lower superior electric network injection node
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE038AAA
Or bus bar
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE038AAAA
Active power of (d);
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE064A
indicating the fault state
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE020_5A
The main transformer branch in the lower power transmission network
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018_11A
Active power of (d);
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE080
representing the node
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE038_5A
Or the bus bar
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE038_6A
The active load of (2).
As a preferred scheme of the present invention, the constraint condition that the transformer substation inverted disconnecting link for power transmission network topology optimization does not allow simultaneous closing is:
two disconnecting switches with one end connected to the same node and the other end connected to different buses of the same substation are not allowed to be closed at the same time.
As a preferred scheme of the present invention, the limiting constraint condition of the number of the outgoing lower string 110kV main transformers in the topology optimization of the power transmission network is as follows:
and the number of the 110kV main transformers which are connected in series under the outgoing line of each 220kV station of the 220kV transformer station is not more than 3.
As a preferred scheme of the present invention, the constraint condition that the 110kV main transformer power supply for transmission network topology optimization cannot be the same is:
when a plurality of transformers or a plurality of buses exist in the 110kV transformer substation, the 110kV transformer substation is powered by different 220kV transformer substations.
As a preferred scheme of the present invention, the constraint condition for setting the fault state of the equipment in power transmission network topology optimization is as follows:
when the main transformer branch
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018_12A
When equipment or line in the system is in fault, the main transformer branch circuit is connected with the main transformer
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018_13A
Forced to the open state.
The invention takes the minimum load balance and the minimum switching action times before and after the topological optimization of the power transmission network as optimization targets, comprehensively considers various boundary constraints before and after the topological optimization, and the constructed topological optimization model of the power transmission network is more reasonable in network topology structure output according to the real-time acquired running data of the power transmission network, thereby having higher application value for reducing the fault range and the power failure time of the power transmission network and reducing the network loss of the power transmission network in the normal state, further improving the rationality of the power flow distribution of the power transmission network and the running safety of a power transmission system.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a diagram of implementation steps of a power transmission network topology optimization method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of part of the wiring of the high voltage power transmission network.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.
Wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustration only and are shown by way of illustration only and not in actual form, and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent; to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. are used for indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but it is not indicated or implied that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation and be operated, and therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and are not to be construed as limitations of the present patent, and the specific meanings of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the term "connected" or the like, if appearing to indicate a connection relationship between the components, is to be understood broadly, for example, as being fixed or detachable or integral; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be connected through one or more other components or may be in an interactive relationship with one another. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Before specifically describing the transmission network topology optimization method provided by the embodiment of the present invention, firstly, the transmission network operation data required to be obtained by topology optimization and the high-voltage transmission network structure to be subjected to topology optimization are described. Topology optimization requires acquisition of grid operating data including, but not limited to: the method comprises the steps of current load, rated active power, bus number of a transmission network, node number, node numbers at two outgoing ends, rated active power of outgoing lines, rated active power of a contact line between 110kV stations, active load of each bus in the 110kV station, node numbers at two ends of a disconnecting link or a switch, equipment fault set and maximum allowable power of each branch before and after the fault in a high-voltage transmission network (also called a high-voltage transmission system, hereinafter referred to as a transmission network). Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a part of the wiring of a high voltage transmission network, and the definition and parameters of the acquired operational data of the transmission network will be explained below with reference to fig. 2.
A, B in FIG. 2 is a 220kV substation, and C-K is a 110kV substation; numbers 1-16 are bus numbers of the power transmission network, and numbers 17-25 are node numbers; the lines of the connecting nodes 17-23 are 220kV substation outgoing lines, and the outgoing lines of other 220kV substations are 4-21, 18-24, 19-14, 20-16 and the like. The lines connecting the buses 8 and 9 are 110kV interstation connecting lines, and other 110kV interstation connecting lines comprise 7-21, 8-21, 9-10, 10-22, 13-25, 14-15 and the like. The 220kV main transformer branch comprises 1-4, 2-5 and 3-6. 7 is an in-station bus of a 110kV transformer substation, and the in-station bus of the 110kV transformer substation is also 8-16.
The following explains a specific implementation of the power transmission network topology optimization method provided by the embodiment of the invention.
In order to guarantee the operation safety of a power transmission system, under a normal operation state, a power transmission network should meet the condition of load balancing as much as possible so as to reduce the network operation loss and improve the overload risk capability of the system after the system resists the fault of key equipment. Under the fault state, the transmission network can recover the normal operation after a limited number of inverted drainage operations, so as to reduce the fault range and the power failure time as much as possible. Therefore, the targets of the topology optimization of the power transmission network comprise a load balancing target after the power transmission network is restored to a normal state through the topology optimization and a switching action time control target of the topology optimization in a fault state.
The load balancing target in the normal state indicates that the load rates of main transformers (main transformers) in the 220kV transformer substation are the same or similar after the transmission network is recovered to be normal through topology optimization. The load rates are similar, so that the load distribution is more uniform, the system operation loss is generally smaller, and the overload risk after the fault is lower. The objective function for achieving load balancing is expressed by the following equation (1):
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE082
in the formula (1), the first and second groups,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE010A
representing a function term;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE016A
representing main transformer branches in a transmission network
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018_14A
The branch set (as in fig. 2, main transformer branches 1-4, 2-5, 3-6);
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE038_7A
indicating within the transmission network
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE038_8A
A node or a
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE038_9A
A strip bus;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE040AAA
indicating internal conditions within the transmission network
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE040AAAA
Strip bus or first
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE040_5A
A node;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE030AA
indicating main transformer branch in power transmission network under normal state
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018_15A
The load factor of (d);
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE030AAA
calculated by the following formula (2):
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE084
in the formula (2), the first and second groups,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE034AA
main transformer branch circuit for indicating normal state of power transmission network
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018_16A
The positive direction of the active load is the node
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE038_10A
To the bus
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE040_6A
；
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE036A
Main transformer branch circuit for indicating normal state of power transmission network
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018_17A
The maximum allowed power of;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE042AA
representing branches of main transformers in a transmission network
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018_18A
Average load rate of (d);
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE042AAA
calculated by the following formula (3):
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE086
in the formula (3), the first and second groups,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE046A
the main transformers (the number of main transformers) in the high-voltage power transmission system are shown.
Taking the load balance of a 220kV transformer substation in a high-voltage transmission system as an example, the aim of realizing the load balance of the 220kV transformer substation is as follows: main transformer branch in 220kV transformer substation in high-voltage power transmission system
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018_19A
Load factor and each main transformer branch in all 220kV transformer substations
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018_20A
The absolute value of the difference of the average load rates of (a) is smallest. For example, the active load of the main transformer branch 1-4 of the 220kV substation "a" in fig. 2 after topology optimization is
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE034AAA
The maximum allowable power of the main transformer branch 1-4 is
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE036AA
And calculating the load rate of the main transformer branches 1-4 after the topology optimization is recovered to be normal through the formula (2)
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE030AAAA
. Only 2 220kV transformer substations in the high-voltage transmission system are provided, namely 'A' and 'B', main transformer branches in the 220kV transformer substation 'B' are 2-5, and the load factor of the main transformer branches 2-5 after the topology optimization is recovered to be normal is calculated through the formula (2)
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE030_5A
Then, the main transformer branches in all 220kV substations in the high-voltage transmission system can be calculated by the above formula (3)
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018_21A
Average load factor of (main transformer branches 1-4, 2-5)
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE042AAAA
. And finally, calculating a target value of a load balancing target function of the 220kV transformer substation after topology optimization through the formula (1).
The topology optimized switch action times control objective in fault conditions indicates that the number of switch and/or knife switch opening or closing operations within the power transmission network in fault conditions should be controlled. The fewer the number of controls, the lower the risk of switch action and the shorter the time required for the system to recover. The objective function controlling the number of switching actions is expressed by the following equation (4):
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE088
in the formula (4), the first and second groups,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE052A
indicating main transformer branch circuit of power transmission network in normal state
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018_22A
Switch and/or knife switch (as in fig. 2, knife switch in main transformer branch 5-17, switch in 17-23, switch in 1-4) state,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE090
when it is, it represents the main transformer branch
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018_23A
The switch or knife switch in (1) is in an open state,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE092
when it is, it represents the main transformer branch
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018_24A
In which the switch or knife-switch is in the closed state；
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE050A
Indicating fault condition of transmission network
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE020_6A
Lower main transformer branch
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018_25A
The switch and/or knife switch state in (1),
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE094
time of day indicates a fault
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE020_7A
Lower main transformer branch
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018_26A
The switch or knife switch in (1) is in an open state,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE096
time of day indicates a fault
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE020_8A
Lower main transformer branch
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018_27A
The switch or knife switch in (1) is in a closed state,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE050AA
in (1)
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE020_9A
When the value is 0, the power transmission network is in a normal state,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE022A
,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE098
is the number of failures.
Because the formula (1) and the formula (4) contain absolute valuesThe topological optimization algorithm of the power transmission network provided by the invention cannot be directly solved due to the value operation, and therefore, the invention introduces auxiliary variables
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE014AA
、
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE026AA
And constraining formulas (5) and (6) to equivalently transform the objective formulas (1) and (4), and the transformed objective functions can be expressed as formula (7) and formula (8).
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE100
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE102
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE104
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE106
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE014AAA
Representing an auxiliary variable;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE026AAA
representing the auxiliary variable.
Considering that the importance degrees of the load balancing target and the control target of the number of switching actions before and after the fault are possibly different under different power transmission network topology optimization scenes, the invention carries out linear weighting on a formula (7) and a formula (8), and finally constructs an objective function for obtaining power transmission network topology optimization and expresses the objective function as follows through a formula (9):
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE108
in the formula (9), the reaction mixture,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE006A
、
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE008A
respectively representing function terms
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE010AA
And
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE012A
the weight of (c).
According to the invention, the power change range of a 220kV transformer substation, the branch power operation limit value, the prevention of power back-off, node power balance, the simultaneous closing of transformer substation back-off disconnecting switches which are not allowed before and after the transmission network topology optimization is built, the limitation of the number of 110kV main transformers which are connected under an outgoing line and cannot be the same under the 110kV main transformers, 8 boundary constraint conditions of equipment fault states are fully considered, and the network topology optimization result output by the model is more reasonable. The following describes the 8 boundary constraint conditions considered by the power transmission network topology optimization model construction one by one:
1. power variation range constraint of 220kV transformer substation
Before and after network topology optimization, the power change of the 220kV transformer substation should not exceed a given range, namely:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE110
in the formula (10), the first and second groups,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE056A
representing the maximum of a 220kV substation, such as 220kV substation A in FIG. 2Allowing a power fluctuation rate;
in the formula (10), the first and second groups,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE058A
main transformer branch circuit in 220kV transformer substation flows through before representing topological optimization of power transmission network
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018_28A
(e.g., main transformer branches 1-4 in 220kV substation a in fig. 2);
in the formula (10), the first and second groups,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE034AAAA
main variable branch in 220kV transformer substation after transmission network is recovered to normal state through network topology optimization
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018_29A
(e.g., main transformer branches 1-4 in 220kV substation a in fig. 2).
2. Branch power operating limit constraints
The branch power in the transmission network before and after topology optimization should not exceed a given operating limit, i.e.
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE112
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE114
In the formula (12), the first and second groups,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE064AA
indicating a fault
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE020_10A
Main transformer branch in lower power transmission network
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018_30A
Active power of (d);
in the formula (11), the reaction mixture,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE034_5A
indicating the main transformer branch in the normal state of the transmission network
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018_31A
The active load of (2);
in the formula (11), the reaction mixture,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE036AAA
indicating that the transmission network flows through the main transformer branch circuit in a normal state
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018_32A
The maximum allowed power of;
in the formula (12), the first and second groups,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE066A
indicating fault condition of transmission network
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE020_11A
Flows through the main transformer branch
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018_33A
Is measured.
The formula (11) and the formula (12) are respectively used for limiting the value ranges of the branch power in the normal state and the fault state. E.g. branches 7-21 in fig. 2, which have active power in the normal state
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE116
Should be in
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE118
In the range of fault conditionskActive power of
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE120
Should be in
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE122
Within the range.
In addition, in the normal operation state of the power transmission network, after one line is switched from the operation state to the standby state, one line must be switched from the standby state to the operation state, that is, the number of branches of the line which is put into operation remains unchanged, and the constraint condition that the switching number remains unchanged can be expressed by the following formula (13):
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE124
in the formula (13), the first and second groups,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE126
representing the number of lines put into operation, and counting according to the initial line state;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE128
representing a switched line set in the transmission grid.
3. Preventing power back-off constraints
With the gradual increase of the proportion of new energy accessed to the power grid, the situation of power back-off may occur at part of the nodes of the power transmission network, that is, the low-voltage nodes reversely supply power to the high-voltage nodes through the main transformer. Normally, the generated power of the new energy should be consumed as locally as possible to avoid power back-feeding, so it is necessary to limit the active flow direction of each main transformer (e.g. 220kV substation B connected to bus 2-5 in fig. 2) in the transmission network, i.e. to limit the active flow direction
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE130
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE070A
The active flow of the main transformer in the transmission network (e.g. 220kV substation B connected to bus 2-5 in fig. 2) is shown from the main transformer to the load.
4. Node power balance constraints
In the invention, node power balance constraint, namely that active power flowing into and out of each bus and/or node is equal, namely that:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE132
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE134
in the formulae (15) to (16),
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE076A
、
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE078A
in normal and fault states, respectively
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE020_12A
Lower superior electric network injection node
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE038_11A
Or bus bar
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE038_12A
Active power of (d);
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE080A
representing the node
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE038_13A
Or the bus bar
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE038_14A
The active load of (2).
5. Restriction that transformer substation's reverse-row disconnecting link does not allow simultaneous closure
For avoiding appearing the circulation, reducing short-circuit current, preventing that the accident scope enlarges, connect in same node to one end, the other end is connected in two switches of the different generating lines of same transformer substation, do not allow simultaneously closed, promptly:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE136
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE138
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE140
indicating that the connection is at the node in the normal state of the grid
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE142
And bus bar
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE038_15A
The on-off state of the knife switch in between,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE144
it is indicated that the knife switch is opened,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE146
indicating that the knife switch is closed;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE148
indicating that the connection is at the node in the normal state of the grid
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE142A
And bus bar
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE040_7A
The on-off state of the knife switch in between,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE150
it is indicated that the knife switch is opened,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE152
indicating that the knife switch is closed;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE154
indicating fault condition of transmission network
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE020_13A
Lower connection at node
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE142AA
And bus bar
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE038_16A
The on-off state of the knife switch in between,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE156
it is indicated that the knife switch is opened,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE158
indicating that the knife switch is closed;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE160
indicating fault condition of transmission network
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE020_14A
Lower connection at node
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE142AAA
And bus bar
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE040_8A
The on-off state of the knife switch in between,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE162
it is indicated that the knife switch is opened,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE164
indicating that the knife switch is closed.
For example, the two knife switches in branches 5-17 and 6-17 (connecting different busbars 5, 6 at the same node 17) shown in fig. 2 cannot be closed at the same time; the two switches in branches 5-18 and 6-18 cannot be closed simultaneously.
6. Outgoing line lower string 110kV main transformer number limitation
In order to limit the influence range of faults, the number of 110kV main transformers carried by outgoing lines of each 220kV station is generally not more than 3 (as shown in figure 2, the outgoing lines 4-21 are provided with C-E3 110kV transformers (main transformers) at most). To represent the constraint, virtual loads can be introduced at each bus of the 110kV substation (such as buses 7-16 in FIG. 2), and the virtual load values
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE166
Are all 1, and the virtual load values of the rest buses or nodes are all 0. When a given lower string main transformer has the maximum number of
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE168
Then the constraint may use the virtual stream on the outgoing line
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE170
Not exceeding
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE168A
To indicate that:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE172
further explanation is made to equation (19) for the virtual flow of lines 4-21 in FIG. 2
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE174
For example, to ensure that the line can only carry 3 110kV main transformers at most, i.e.
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE176
Then virtual stream
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE174A
Should be between-3 and 3. When the outlet lines 4-21 are disconnected
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE090A
The outgoing line does not have any 110kV main transformer, so that the outgoing line has
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE178
(ii) a When the outlet lines 4-21 are closed and put into operation, i.e. when they are closed
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE092A
And the outgoing line is provided with 3 110kV main transformers at most, so that
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE180
。
The virtual flows into and out of each node or bus should be balanced, i.e.:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE182
in the formula (20), the first and second groups of the compound,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE184
injecting node for superior power grid of power transmission network in normal state
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE038_17A
Or bus bar
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE038_18A
(e.g., bus 1, 2, 3, etc. in fig. 2).
7.110kV main transformer power supply can not be the same
When a plurality of transformers or a plurality of buses exist in the 110kV transformer substation, the upper-level power supply of the transformer substation comes from different 220kV transformer substations so as to reduce the fault range and the power failure time, namely:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE186
in the formula (21), the first and second groups,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE188
connected to the same bus in a 220kV transformer substation
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE142AAAA
The other ends of two disconnecting switches (such as a bus 5 in fig. 2) are respectively connected with one outgoing line (outgoing lines 17-23 and 18-24 in fig. 2), and the two outgoing lines supply power to the same 110kV transformer substation (such as a 110kV transformer substation G in fig. 2). For example, two switches in branches 5-17, 5-18 in fig. 2 cannot be closed at the same time, and two switches in branches 6-17, 6-18 cannot be closed at the same time.
8. Equipment fault condition setting constraints
When the main transformer branch
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018_34A
When equipment (such as 220kV transformer substation and 110kV transformer substation) or line fails, the main transformer needs to be branched
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018_35A
The forced open state, i.e. the switch in the corresponding branch should be forced open, is expressed as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE190
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE192
indicating that the grid is malfunctioning
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE020_15A
After, fault
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE020_16A
Corresponding branch circuit
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018_36A
The open state should be forced. For example, in fig. 2, if a 220kV substation a has a fault and the fault number is 1, then
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE194
Indicating a fault of "1", branches 1-4 are forced open (byOpening the switches in branches 1-4).
In summary, as shown in fig. 1, the power transmission network topology optimization method provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes three steps:
step S1, constructing a transmission network topology optimization model by taking load balance and minimum switching action times before and after transmission network topology optimization as optimization targets, and taking 220kV transformer substation power change range, branch power operation limit value, power reverse transmission prevention, node power balance, transformer substation reverse disconnecting link disallowing simultaneous closing, outgoing line lower string 110kV main transformer number limitation, 110kV main transformer power supply inequality, and equipment fault state as boundary constraint conditions of network topology optimization before and after topology optimization;
step S2, acquiring the operation data of the power transmission network in real time;
and step S3, inputting the acquired transmission network operation data into a transmission network topology optimization model, and calculating the network topology and the switch state after output optimization by the model through the formulas (1) - (22).
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the invention and the technical principles applied thereto. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, equivalents, changes, and the like can be made to the present invention. However, such variations are within the scope of the invention as long as they do not depart from the spirit of the invention. In addition, certain terms used in the specification and claims of the present application are not limiting, but are used merely for convenience of description.

Claims (10)

1. A power transmission network topology optimization method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that load balancing and the minimum number of switching actions before and after topological optimization of a power transmission network are taken as optimization targets, a power change range of a 220kV transformer substation before and after topological optimization, branch power operation limit values, power reverse transmission prevention, node power balance, simultaneous closing of reverse disconnecting switches of the transformer substation are not allowed, the number of 110kV main transformers connected under outgoing lines is limited, 110kV main transformer power supplies cannot be the same, and equipment fault states are set as boundary constraint conditions of network topological optimization, so that a power transmission network topological optimization model is constructed;
acquiring operation data of the power transmission network in real time;
inputting the acquired power transmission network operation data into the power transmission network topology optimization model, and calculating and outputting the optimized network topology and switch state by the model;
the objective function solved by the power transmission network topology optimization model is expressed by the following formula (1):
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
in the formula (1), the first and second groups,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
an objective function representing the power transmission network topology optimization model;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
、
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
respectively representing function terms
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
And
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
the weight of (c);
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
representing an auxiliary variable;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
representing a main transformer branch in the transmission network
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
Is supported byA way set;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
indicating a fault condition of the power transmission network,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
the number of fault states of the power transmission network;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
representing an auxiliary variable;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE014A
satisfies formula (2):
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
in the formula (2), the first and second groups,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE030
indicating the main transformer branch in the power transmission network in a normal state
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
The load factor of (a) is,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE030A
calculated by the following formula (3):
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
in the formula (3), the first and second groups,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
representing the main transformer branch circuit in the normal state of the power transmission network
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE032A
The active load of (2);
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE038
indicating that said grid is flowing through said main transformer branch under normal conditions
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE032AA
The maximum allowed power of;
in the formula (2) and the formula (3)
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE040
Representing the second in said transmission network
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE040A
A node or a
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE040AA
A strip bus;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE042
representing the second in said transmission network
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE042A
Strip bus or first
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE042AA
A node;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE044
representing each of said main transformer branches within said transmission network
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018A
The average load rate of (a) is,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE044A
calculated by the following formula (4):
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE046
in the formula (4), the first and second groups,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE048
representing the number of said primary transformers within said power transmission network;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE026A
satisfies formula (5):
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE050
in the formula (5), the first and second groups,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE052
indicating fault condition of transmission network
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE020A
Lower main transformer branch
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018AA
Switch or knife state in;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE054
indicating that the main transformer branch is in a normal state
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018AAA
Switch or knife state in (1).
2. The transmission network topology optimization method according to claim 1, wherein the transmission network operation data obtained in real time includes a current load of a 220kV substation in the high voltage transmission network, a rated active power, a bus number of the transmission network, a node number at two ends of an outgoing line, a rated active power of the outgoing line, a rated active power of a contact line between 110kV stations, an active load of each bus in a 110kV station, a node number at two ends of a disconnecting link or a switch, a set of equipment faults, and maximum allowable power of each main transformer branch before and after the faults.
3. The transmission network topology optimization method according to claim 1, wherein the 220kV substation power variation range constraint condition of transmission network topology optimization is expressed by the following equation (6):
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE056
in the formula (6), the first and second groups,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE058
representing the maximum allowable power fluctuation rate of the 220kV transformer substation;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE060
representing that the current flows through a main transformer branch in the 220kV transformer substation before the topological optimization of the transmission network
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018AAAA
The active load of (2);
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE062
representing that the transmission network is in the 220kV transformer substation after being recovered to a normal state through topology optimizationThe main transformer branch
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018_5A
The active load of (2).
4. The grid topology optimization method according to claim 1, wherein the branch power operation limit constraints of grid topology optimization are expressed by the following equations (7) - (8):
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE064
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE066
in the formula (8), the first and second groups,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE068
indicating the fault state
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE020AA
The main transformer branch in the lower power transmission network
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018_6A
Active power of (d);
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE070
indicating that the grid is in the fault state
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE020AAA
Downward flow through the main transformer branch
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018_7A
Is measured.
5. The grid topology optimization method according to claim 1, wherein the power backtracking prevention constraint of grid topology optimization is expressed by the following equation (9):
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE072
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE074
and representing that the active flow direction of the main transformer in the power transmission network flows from the main transformer to the load.
6. The grid topology optimization method according to claim 1, wherein the node power balance constraints of grid topology optimization are expressed by the following equations (10) - (11):
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE076
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE078
in the formulae (10) to (11),
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE080
、
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE082
in normal and fault states, respectively
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE020AAAA
Lower superior electric network injection node
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE040AAA
Or bus bar
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE040AAAA
Active power of (d);
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE068A
indicating the fault state
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE020_5A
The main transformer branch in the lower power transmission network
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018_8A
Active power of (d);
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE084
representing the node
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE040_5A
Or the bus bar
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE040_6A
The active load of (2).
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the constraint that the substation disconnecting link from the inverted transmission line for optimizing the transmission network topology does not allow simultaneous closing is as follows:
two disconnecting switches with one end connected to the same node and the other end connected to different buses of the same substation are not allowed to be closed at the same time.
8. The transmission network topology optimization method according to claim 1, wherein the limiting constraint condition of the number of the 110kV main transformers in the outgoing line lower string for transmission network topology optimization is as follows:
and the number of the 110kV main transformers which are connected in series under the outgoing line of each 220kV station of the 220kV transformer station is not more than 3.
9. The transmission network topology optimization method according to claim 1, wherein the constraint condition that the 110kV main transformer power supplies of transmission network topology optimization cannot be the same is:
when a plurality of transformers or a plurality of buses exist in the 110kV transformer substation, the 110kV transformer substation is powered by different 220kV transformer substations.
10. The grid topology optimization method according to claim 1, wherein the equipment fault status setting constraints of grid topology optimization are:
when the main transformer branch
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018_9A
When equipment or line in the system is in fault, the main transformer branch circuit is connected with the main transformer
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018_10A
Forced to the open state.
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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101251836A (en) * 2008-04-07 2008-08-27 昆明理工大学 Transmission line turnaround plan optimizing method for recording power off hidden loss
CN110350510A (en) * 2019-05-23 2019-10-18 国网河南省电力公司郑州供电公司 A kind of power distribution network service restoration method considering failure disturbance degree

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101251836A (en) * 2008-04-07 2008-08-27 昆明理工大学 Transmission line turnaround plan optimizing method for recording power off hidden loss
CN110350510A (en) * 2019-05-23 2019-10-18 国网河南省电力公司郑州供电公司 A kind of power distribution network service restoration method considering failure disturbance degree

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