CN113594492B - Fuel cell cooling system, fuel cell system, control method, and control device - Google Patents
Fuel cell cooling system, fuel cell system, control method, and control device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113594492B CN113594492B CN202110665485.6A CN202110665485A CN113594492B CN 113594492 B CN113594492 B CN 113594492B CN 202110665485 A CN202110665485 A CN 202110665485A CN 113594492 B CN113594492 B CN 113594492B
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 132
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 62
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
- H01M8/04074—Heat exchange unit structures specially adapted for fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04417—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of the coolant
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04768—Pressure; Flow of the coolant
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04992—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the implementation of mathematical or computational algorithms, e.g. feedback control loops, fuzzy logic, neural networks or artificial intelligence
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application provides a fuel cell cooling system, a fuel cell system, a control method and a control device, wherein the fuel cell cooling system comprises: the circulating pipeline is used for being communicated with the fuel cell; the heat dissipation part is arranged on the circulating pipeline; the liquid storage part is communicated with the circulating pipeline through a liquid supplementing pipe and communicated with an air outlet of the heat dissipation part through an exhaust pipe; one end of the pressure regulating pipe is communicated with the liquid storage part; and the pressure regulating assembly is connected to the other end of the pressure regulating pipe and is used for regulating the pressure in the liquid storage part through the pressure regulating pipe. This fuel cell cooling system passes through pressure regulating assembly's setting, both can realize for depositing liquid spare pressure boost, to circulating line mends the coolant liquid, still can be for depositing liquid spare decompression for gas in the circulating line is discharged via the radiating piece, can improve the interior gaseous emission efficiency of sneaking into of fuel cell cooling system greatly, can avoid the power pump to produce the cavitation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a fuel cell cooling system, a fuel cell system, a control method of the fuel cell system and a control device of the fuel cell system.
Background
Current fuel cell systems typically include a stack, an air system, a hydrogen system, a cooling system, an electrical system, and corresponding control systems. In the process of replenishing the cooling system with the coolant, a small amount of air is mixed, and the mixed air affects the heat radiation efficiency of the cooling system, and in this case, the exhaust is performed by adjusting the rotation speed of a power pump for driving the flow of the coolant. However, a large amount of air enters the cooling system, and the air can form a large amount of bubbles in the cooling system, and when the power pump is started to operate, the bubbles can affect the operation of the power pump and cannot drive the cooling liquid to flow, so that the start failure is caused, and even the idle running of the power pump cannot realize the exhaust effect. On the other hand, the pressure at the inlet of the power pump is too low, namely the vacuum degree is large, so that cavitation is easily generated on the power pump, and the service life of the power pump is shortened.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art or the related art.
In view of this, according to a first aspect of embodiments of the present application, there is provided a fuel cell cooling system including:
a circulation line for communicating with the fuel cell;
a heat sink disposed on the circulation duct;
the liquid storage part is communicated with the circulating pipeline through a liquid supplementing pipe and communicated with an air outlet of the heat dissipation part through an exhaust pipe;
one end of the pressure regulating pipe is communicated with the liquid storage part;
and the pressure adjusting assembly is connected to the other end of the pressure adjusting pipe and is used for adjusting the pressure in the liquid storage part through the pressure adjusting pipe.
In a first possible implementation of the first aspect, the circulation line comprises:
one end of the cooling liquid supply pipe is communicated with the liquid outlet of the heat dissipation piece, and the other end of the cooling liquid supply pipe is communicated with the fuel cell;
and one end of the cooling liquid return pipe is communicated with the liquid return port of the heat dissipation piece, and the other end of the cooling liquid return pipe is communicated with the fuel cell.
In a second possible embodiment of the first aspect, the fuel cell cooling system further includes:
and the power pump is arranged on the cooling liquid supply pipe.
In a third possible embodiment of the first aspect, the fuel cell cooling system further includes:
one end of the circulating pipe is communicated with the cooling liquid supply pipe, and the other end of the circulating pipe is communicated with the cooling liquid return pipe;
and the temperature control valve is arranged at the communication position of the circulating pipe and the cooling liquid return pipe.
According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present application, there is provided a fuel cell system characterized by comprising: the fuel cell cooling system according to any one of the above aspects.
In a first possible embodiment of the second aspect, the fuel cell system further includes:
the circulating pipeline is communicated with the galvanic pile;
an air supply pipe communicated with the air supply port of the electric pile;
and the air compressor is arranged on the air supply pipeline.
In a second possible embodiment of the second aspect, the pressure regulating assembly of the fuel cell cooling system comprises:
one end of the pressurizing pipeline is communicated with the air supply pipeline and is positioned between the air compressor and the electric pile, the other end of the pressurizing pipeline is communicated with the pressure regulating pipe, and the pressurizing control valve is arranged on the pressurizing pipeline;
the pressure reducing device comprises a pressure reducing pipeline and a pressure reducing control valve, wherein one end of the pressure reducing pipeline is communicated with the air supply pipeline and is positioned on one side, far away from the electric pile, of the air compressor, the other end of the pressure reducing pipeline is communicated with the pressure regulating pipe, and the pressure reducing control valve is arranged on the pressure reducing pipeline.
According to a third aspect of an embodiment of the present application, there is provided a control method of a fuel cell system, characterized by being applied to the fuel cell system of any one of the above-described aspects, the control method including:
acquiring first medium pressure information of a cooling medium flowing into the fuel cell system;
acquiring second medium pressure information of the cooling medium flowing out of the fuel cell system;
adjusting an operating state of a fuel cell cooling system based on difference information of the first medium pressure information and the second medium pressure information.
In a first possible implementation of the third aspect, the step of adjusting an operating parameter of a fuel cell cooling system based on a difference between the first medium pressure information and the second medium pressure information comprises:
under the condition that the difference information is smaller than a first threshold value, controlling a power pump on the circulating pipeline to work at a first rotating speed, and controlling the pressure regulating assembly to alternately perform pressurization and depressurization for the liquid storage part;
when the difference information is greater than or equal to a first threshold value and smaller than a second threshold value, controlling a power pump on the circulating pipeline to work at a second rotating speed, and controlling the pressure regulating assembly to reduce the pressure of the liquid storage part;
under the condition that the difference information is greater than or equal to a second threshold value and smaller than a third threshold value, controlling a power pump on the circulating pipeline to work at a third rotating speed;
and the values of the first threshold, the second threshold and the third threshold are increased progressively, and the values of the first rotating speed, the second rotating speed and the third rotating speed are decreased progressively.
According to a fourth aspect of an embodiment of the present application, there is provided a control device of a fuel cell system, including:
a memory storing a computer program;
a processor executing the computer program;
wherein the processor implements the control method of the fuel cell system according to any one of the above-described technical aspects when executing the computer program.
Compared with the prior art, the invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects: according to the fuel cell cooling system provided by the invention, in the use process, the cooling liquid is filled in the circulating pipeline and circularly flows between the fuel cell and the heat dissipation piece through the circulating pipeline, so that the heat of the fuel cell can be carried to the heat dissipation piece for heat dissipation, and the function of heat dissipation of the fuel cell is achieved. When the cooling liquid in the circulating pipeline is insufficient, the pressure in the liquid storage part can be increased through the pressure adjusting assembly, so that the cooling liquid in the liquid storage part is supplemented into the circulating pipeline; when more gas is mixed in the circulating pipeline, the pressure in the liquid storage part can be reduced through the pressure adjusting assembly, so that the pressure in the liquid storage part is lower than the pressure in the circulating pipeline, and the gas in the circulating pipeline can be discharged into the liquid storage part through the exhaust hole of the radiating part. Through the setting of pressure adjustment subassembly, both can realize for depositing liquid spare pressure boost, to circulating line mend the coolant liquid, still can be for depositing liquid spare decompression for gas in the circulating line is discharged via the radiating piece, can improve the gaseous emission efficiency of sneaking into in the fuel cell cooling system greatly, can avoid the power pump to produce the cavitation, can reduce the probability that the power pump takes place the idle running, when having improved cooling efficiency, has ensured the life of power pump.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a fuel cell system of an embodiment provided herein;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating steps of a method for controlling a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a control device of a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating steps of a method for controlling a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Wherein, the correspondence between the reference numbers and the component names in fig. 1 and fig. 2 is:
the device comprises a circulation pipeline 1, a heat radiation part 2, a liquid storage part 3, a pressure adjusting pipe 4, a pressure adjusting component 5, a power pump 6, a circulation pipeline 7, a temperature control valve 8, a galvanic pile 9, an air supply pipeline 10, an air compressor 11, an air discharge pipeline 12, a backpressure valve 13, a first temperature and pressure sensor 14, a second temperature and pressure sensor 15, a first branch 16 and a second branch 17;
a 101 coolant supply pipe, a 102 coolant return pipe, a 501 pressurizing pipeline, a 502 pressurizing control valve, a 503 depressurizing pipeline, and a 504 depressurizing control valve;
300 control device, 310 memory, 320 processor.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and therefore the scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
As shown in fig. 1, a first aspect of an embodiment of the present application proposes a fuel cell cooling system including: the circulating pipeline 1 is used for being communicated with the fuel cell 1; the heat dissipation part 2 is arranged on the circulating pipeline 1; the liquid storage part 3 is communicated with the circulating pipeline 1 through a liquid supplementing pipe, and the liquid storage part 3 is communicated with an air outlet of the heat dissipation part 2 through an exhaust pipe; one end of the pressure regulating pipe 4 is communicated with the liquid storage part 3; and the pressure regulating assembly 5 is connected to the other end of the pressure regulating pipe 4, and is used for regulating the pressure in the liquid storage part 3 through the pressure regulating pipe 4.
According to the fuel cell cooling system provided by the invention, in the use process, the cooling liquid is filled in the circulating pipeline 1 and circularly flows between the fuel cell and the heat dissipation member 2 through the circulating pipeline 1, so that the heat of the fuel cell can be carried to the heat dissipation member 2 for heat dissipation, and the function of heat dissipation of the fuel cell is achieved. When the cooling liquid in the circulating pipeline 1 is insufficient, the pressure in the liquid storage part 3 can be increased through the pressure adjusting assembly 5, so that the cooling liquid in the liquid storage part 3 is supplemented into the circulating pipeline 1; when more gas is mixed in the circulation pipeline 1, the pressure in the liquid storage part 3 can be reduced through the pressure regulating assembly 5, so that the pressure in the liquid storage part 3 is lower than the pressure in the circulation pipeline 7, and the gas in the circulation pipeline 7 can be discharged into the liquid storage part 3 through the exhaust hole of the heat dissipation part 2. Through the setting of pressure regulating assembly 5, both can realize for depositing the 3 pressure boost of liquid spare, mend the coolant liquid to circulation pipeline 1, still can be for depositing liquid spare 3 decompression, make the gas in the circulation pipeline 1 discharge via radiating piece 2, the discharge efficiency who sneaks into gas in the fuel cell cooling system can be improved greatly, can avoid power pump 6 to produce the cavitation, can reduce the probability that power pump 6 takes place the idle running, when having improved cooling efficiency, the life of power pump 6 has been ensured.
In some examples, the cooling fluid may be water, in view of cooling costs; the liquid storage element 3 may be a water tank, the bottom of the water tank is communicated with the circulation pipeline 1, and the top of the water tank is communicated with the air outlet of the heat dissipation element 2, so that the water tank can supply cooling liquid into the circulation pipeline 1 when the water tank is in a pressurized state, and the water tank can suck air in the circulation pipeline 1 through the heat dissipation element 2 when the water tank is in a depressurized state.
In some examples, the pressure regulating assembly 5 may include an air pump that supplies air into the liquid storage 3 in the case where the air pump is rotated forward, so that the pressure in the liquid storage 3 increases; in the case where the air pump is reversed, the air in the liquid storage member 3 can be sucked so that the pressure in the liquid storage member 3 is reduced.
In some examples, it is also possible to include a first check valve and a second check valve, the first check valve being provided on the passage of the liquid storage 3 and the circulation line 1, allowing only the liquid to flow to the circulation line 1 via the liquid storage 3; the second one-way valve is arranged on a passage between the liquid storage element 3 and the heat dissipation element 2, and only allows gas to be supplied into the liquid storage element 3 through the heat dissipation element 2, so that the backflow phenomenon of the gas and the cooling liquid is avoided.
As shown in fig. 1, in some examples, the circulation line 1 includes: a cooling liquid supply pipe 101, one end of the cooling liquid supply pipe 101 is communicated with the liquid outlet of the heat sink 2, and the other end is communicated with the fuel cell; and a cooling liquid return pipe 102, wherein one end of the cooling liquid return pipe 102 is communicated with a liquid return port of the heat sink 2, and the other end is communicated with the fuel cell.
The circulation pipeline 1 comprises a cooling liquid supply pipe 101 and a cooling liquid return pipe 102, cooling liquid discharged from the heat dissipation member 2 enters the fuel cell through the cooling liquid supply pipe 101, and flows to the heat dissipation member 2 through the cooling liquid return pipe 102 to dissipate heat after heat exchange with the fuel cell stack 9 of the fuel cell is completed, so that heat dissipation can be performed on the fuel cell system through circulation, and the safety of operation of the fuel cell system is guaranteed.
As shown in fig. 1, in some examples, the liquid storage member 3 may communicate with the cooling liquid supply pipe 101 so that the cooling liquid replenished via the liquid storage member 3 may be supplied to the fuel cell system as soon as possible.
As shown in fig. 1, in some examples, the fuel cell cooling system further includes: and a power pump 6 provided in the coolant supply pipe 101.
The fuel cell cooling system also comprises a power pump 6, and through the arrangement of the power pump 6, on one hand, the circulation speed of the cooling liquid in the circulation pipeline 1 can be increased, and power is provided for the flowing of the cooling liquid; on the other hand, when a small amount of air is mixed in the circulation line 1, the rotational speed of the power pump 6 can be appropriately increased to increase the flow rate of the coolant, thereby promoting the air to be discharged through the air outlet of the radiator 2. When a large amount of air is mixed in the circulating pipeline 7, the pressure of the liquid storage part 3 can be reduced through the pressure adjusting component 5, so that the gas in the circulating pipeline 1 is discharged through the heat radiating part 2, the discharge efficiency of the mixed gas in the fuel cell cooling system can be greatly improved, the cavitation of the power pump 6 can be avoided, the idling probability of the power pump 6 can be reduced, and the service life of the power pump 6 is ensured while the cooling efficiency is improved.
As shown in fig. 1, in some examples, the fuel cell cooling system further includes: a circulating pipe 7, one end of the circulating pipe 7 is communicated with the cooling liquid supply pipe 101, and the other end is communicated with the cooling liquid return pipe 102; and a temperature control valve 8 arranged at the communication part of the circulating pipe 7 and the cooling liquid return pipe 102.
The fuel cell cooling system further comprises a circulating pipe 7 and a temperature control valve 8, the temperature control valve 8 is arranged on the circulating pipe 7, the fuel cell system does not need cooling liquid to be cooled, or the temperature control valve 8 can be opened when the cooling requirement is not obvious, so that the circulating pipe 7 is in a conducted state, the cooling liquid can flow along the circulating pipeline 1 and the circulating pipe 7 with reduced pressure, the cooling liquid flowing into the heat dissipation part 2 can be reduced at present, and the heat preservation of the fuel cell stack 9 is facilitated. When the fuel cell system needs to be cooled, the temperature control valve 8 can be opened to enable the circulation pipeline 1 to be communicated with the heat dissipation member 2, and the circulation pipeline 7 is closed to enable the cooling liquid to flow through the heat dissipation member for heat dissipation.
As shown in fig. 1, according to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present application, there is provided a fuel cell system including: the fuel cell cooling system of any one of the above technical solutions.
In the fuel cell system provided by the present application, since the fuel cell system includes the fuel cell cooling system according to any of the above technical solutions, the fuel cell system includes all the beneficial effects of the fuel cell cooling system, which are not described herein again.
As shown in fig. 1, in some examples, the fuel cell system further includes: the electric pile 9 is communicated with the circulating pipeline 1; an air supply duct 10 communicating with an air supply port of the cell stack 9; and an air compressor 11 disposed on the air supply duct 10.
The fuel cell cooling system further includes a stack 9, an air supply duct 10, and an air compressor 11, and air is pressurized by the air compressor 11 through an air supply pipe and supplied to the stack 9 for promoting combustion of fuel in the stack 9 so that the fuel cell system can generate electricity.
As shown in fig. 1, in some examples, the pressure regulating assembly 5 of the fuel cell cooling system: a pressurizing pipeline 501 and a pressurizing control valve 502, wherein one end of the pressurizing pipeline 501 is communicated with the air supply pipeline 10 and is positioned between the air compressor 11 and the electric pile 9, the other end of the pressurizing pipeline 501 is communicated with the pressure regulating pipe 4, and the pressurizing control valve 502 is arranged on the pressurizing pipeline 501; a pressure reducing line 503 and a pressure reducing control valve 504, wherein one end of the pressure reducing line 503 is communicated with the air supply pipeline 10 and is positioned at one side of the air compressor 11 far away from the electric pile 9, the other end is communicated with the pressure regulating pipe 4, and the pressure reducing control valve 504 is arranged on the pressure reducing line 503.
The pressure regulating assembly 5 comprises a pressurizing pipeline 501 and a pressurizing control valve 502, one end of the pressurizing pipeline 501 is communicated with the air supply pipeline 10 and is positioned between the air compressor 11 and the electric pile 9, and the other end of the pressurizing pipeline 501 is communicated with the pressure regulating pipe 4; when the liquid storage member 3 of the fuel cell cooling system needs to be pressurized, the pressurizing control valve 502 is only required to be opened to conduct a passage between the pressurizing pipeline 501 and the pressure regulating pipe 4, and high-pressure air passing through the air compressor 11 can be supplied into the liquid storage member 3, so that the pressurization of the liquid storage member 3 is realized.
The pressure regulating assembly 5 comprises a pressure reducing pipeline 503 and a pressure reducing control valve 504, one end of the pressure reducing pipeline 503 is communicated with the air supply pipeline 10 and is positioned on one side of the air compressor 11 far away from the electric pile 9, the other end of the pressure reducing pipeline is communicated with the pressure regulating pipe 4, and the pressure reducing control valve 504 is arranged on the pressure reducing pipeline 503; when the pressure of the liquid storage member 3 of the fuel cell cooling system needs to be reduced, the air compressor 11 can extract the air in the liquid storage member 3 to reduce the pressure of the liquid storage member 3 by opening the pressure reduction control valve 504 and communicating the passage between the pressure reduction pipeline 503 and the pressure regulating pipe 4.
The arrangement of the pressurizing pipeline 501, the pressurizing control valve 502, the pressure reducing pipeline 503 and the pressure reducing control valve 504 can pressurize and reduce the pressure of the liquid storage part 3 by the air compressor 11, and no additional pressure regulating equipment is required, which is beneficial to reducing the volume of the fuel cell system.
As shown in fig. 2, according to a third aspect of the embodiments of the present application, there is provided a control method of a fuel cell system, characterized by being applied to the fuel cell system of any one of the above-described aspects, the control method including:
step 201: first medium pressure information of a cooling medium flowing into a fuel cell system is acquired.
Step 202: second medium pressure information of the cooling medium flowing out of the fuel cell system is acquired. The amount of air mixed into the fuel cell cooling system can be determined by collecting first medium pressure information during the process of inputting the cooling medium into the stack of the fuel cell system and second medium pressure information during the process of flowing out the cooling medium through the stack, and comparing the second medium pressure information with the first medium pressure information.
Step 203: the operating state of the fuel cell cooling system is adjusted based on the difference information of the first medium pressure information and the second medium pressure information. By acquiring the difference information of the first medium pressure information and the second medium pressure information, the operation state of the fuel cell cooling system is further adjusted based on the difference information, and the function of exhausting the fuel cell cooling system can be achieved.
It can be understood that when the amount of air mixed in the fuel cell cooling system is small, the exhaust can be performed by controlling the power pump of the cell fuel system to increase the rotation speed and increase the circulation rate of the coolant; when the amount of air mixed in the fuel cell system is small, the pressure of the liquid storage part can be reduced by the pressure regulating component so as to promote the gas in the circulating pipeline to be discharged through the heat radiating part; when a large amount of air is mixed in the fuel cell cooling system, the cooling liquid circulating in the fuel cell cooling system is small, and the pressurizing and the depressurizing can be alternately performed on the liquid storage part through the pressure regulating assembly, so that the cooling liquid stored in the liquid storage part can be added into the circulating pipeline, and the gas discharge in the circulating pipeline can be promoted.
In some examples, the step of adjusting an operating parameter of the fuel cell cooling system based on a difference between the first medium pressure information and the second medium pressure information comprises:
under the condition that the difference information is smaller than a first threshold value, controlling a power pump on the circulating pipeline to work at a first rotating speed, and controlling a pressure adjusting assembly to alternately perform pressurization and depressurization for a liquid storage piece;
when the difference information is greater than or equal to the first threshold and smaller than the second threshold, controlling a power pump on the circulating pipeline to work at a second rotating speed, and controlling a pressure regulating assembly to reduce the pressure of the liquid storage part;
controlling a power pump on the circulating pipeline to work at a third rotating speed under the condition that the difference information is greater than or equal to a second threshold value and is less than a third threshold value;
and the values of the first threshold, the second threshold and the third threshold are gradually increased, and the values of the first rotating speed, the second rotating speed and the third rotating speed are gradually decreased.
Further, incrementing the first threshold, the second threshold, and the third threshold is provided.
When the difference information is less than the first threshold value, the mixed amount of the air in the fuel cell cooling system is considered to be large, the power pump of the fuel cell cooling system may even have an idling phenomenon, and at the moment, the pressure regulating assembly is controlled to alternately perform pressurization and depressurization for the liquid storage member, so that the cooling liquid can be supplemented into the circulation pipeline, and the air mixed into the circulation pipeline can be removed.
In the case where the difference information is greater than or equal to the first threshold value and less than the second threshold value, it is considered that the air inclusion amount in the fuel cell cooling system is small, and at this time, the pressure regulating assembly may depressurize the liquid storage member to promote discharge of the air incorporated into the circulation line into the liquid storage member via the radiator member.
When the differential pressure information is equal to or greater than the second threshold value, it is determined that there is little air mixed in the circulation line of the fuel cell cooling system, and at this time, the air can be discharged by increasing the rotation speed of the power pump to promote the circulation of the coolant.
In some examples, the first threshold value ranges from 3kPa to 8kPa, the second threshold value ranges from 15kPa to 25kPa, and the third threshold value ranges from 26kPa to 35 kPa; the first speed is 4000 to 5000 rpm, the second speed is 3000 to 4000 rpm, and the third speed is 2000 to 3000 rpm.
In some examples, in a pressure regulating assembly of a fuel cell cooling system: one end of the pressurizing pipeline is communicated with the air supply pipeline and is positioned between the air compressor and the electric pile, the other end of the pressurizing pipeline is communicated with the pressure regulating pipe, and the pressurizing control valve is arranged on the pressurizing pipeline; decompression pipeline and decompression control valve, the one end of decompression pipeline communicates in air supply pipeline, is located the air compressor machine and keeps away from in one side of pile, and the other end communicates in the pressure regulating pipe, and the decompression control valve sets up under the condition of decompression pipeline:
and under the condition that the difference value information is smaller than the first threshold value, alternately starting the pressure control valve and the pressure reduction control valve in a first period, and simultaneously controlling the air compressor to work at a fourth rotating speed to realize air discharge and cooling liquid supplement into the circulating pipeline as soon as possible.
And under the condition that the difference information is greater than or equal to the first threshold value and smaller than the second threshold value, the pressure reduction control valve is started in a second period, and the air compressor is controlled to work at a fifth rotating speed, so that the air mixed into the cooling liquid is discharged as soon as possible.
The time length of the first period is 3s to 5s, the time length of the second period is 5s to 10s, the fourth rotating speed is 3 ten thousand revolutions per minute to 5 ten thousand revolutions per minute, and the fifth rotating speed is 2 ten thousand revolutions per minute to 3 ten thousand revolutions per minute.
In some examples, the battery fuel system may further include an air discharge duct provided with a back pressure valve, and the opening degree of the back pressure valve may be controlled to a first opening degree in a case where the difference information is less than a first threshold value. The opening degree of the backpressure valve can be controlled to be a second opening degree under the condition that the difference information is greater than or equal to the first threshold value and is less than a second threshold value; wherein the value of the first opening degree is 20% to 30%, and the value of the second opening degree is 15% to 20%.
As shown in fig. 3, according to a fourth aspect of the embodiment of the present application, there is provided a control apparatus 300 of a fuel cell system, including: a memory 310 storing a computer program; a processor 320 executing a computer program; the processor 320 implements the control method of the fuel cell system according to any one of the above-described embodiments when executing the computer program.
In the control device of the fuel cell system provided by the present invention, when the processor of the control device executes the computer program, the control method of the fuel cell system according to any of the above technical schemes is implemented, so that the control device of the fuel cell system has all the beneficial effects of the control method of the fuel cell system, and details thereof are not repeated herein.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION
The present embodiment provides a fuel cell system, as shown in fig. 1, including a fuel cell system power pump 6, a first warm-pressure sensor 14, a second warm-pressure sensor 15, a thermo-valve 8, a heat sink 2, a liquid storage 3, an air compressor 11, a pressure reduction control valve 504, a pressure increase control valve 502, a back pressure valve 13, a stack 9, and a control device 300. The coolant flow direction of the cooling circuit is: the temperature control device comprises a power pump 6, a first temperature and pressure sensor 14, a galvanic pile 9, a second temperature and pressure sensor 15 and a temperature control valve 8, wherein a first outlet of the temperature control valve 8 flows to the power pump 6 to form small circulation, and a second outlet of the temperature control valve 8 flows to a heat sink 2 to form large circulation. The liquid storage part 3 is provided with three interfaces which are respectively connected with three branches, and a first branch 16 of the liquid storage part 3 is connected with an inlet of the power pump 6 to play a role in water supplement and pressurization; the second branch 17 of the liquid storage element 3 is connected with an exhaust port of the heat dissipation element 2 to play a role in degassing the cooling circuit; the third branch of the liquid storage part 3 is connected with an air loop, the third branch of the water tank is divided into two branches, one branch is connected with the pressure reduction control valve 504 and communicated with the inlet of the air compressor 11, and the other branch is connected with the pressure control valve 502 and communicated with the outlet of the air compressor 11. The air flow of the air circuit is an air compressor 11, a cell stack 9, an air discharge pipe 12, and a back pressure valve 13.
The power pump 6 is used for realizing circulation of cooling liquid in a cooling loop, the first temperature and pressure sensor 14 and the second temperature and pressure sensor 15 are used for detecting the temperature and the pressure of the cooling liquid entering the pile and exiting the pile, the temperature control valve 8 is used for realizing switching of large and small circulation, the heat dissipation member 2 is used for exchanging heat of the cooling liquid with air to reduce the temperature of the cooling liquid, and the liquid storage member 3 is used for supplementing water and degassing. The air compressor 11 and the back pressure valve 13 jointly act to realize the regulation of air flow and pressure, the pressure reducing control valve 504 acts to reduce the pressure inside the liquid storage part 3 by utilizing the suction action at the inlet of the air compressor 11 to enhance the degassing action of the second branch 17 of the liquid storage part 3, and the pressure increasing control valve 502 acts to realize the water supplementing pressurization of the first branch 16 of the water tank by utilizing the high pressure at the outlet of the air compressor 11. The electric pile 9 realizes the chemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen and outputs electric energy, and simultaneously feeds back a single-chip voltage value to the control device 300; the control device 300 detects signals of the sensors and actuators and controls the actuators and switches.
The specific implementation method comprises the following steps:
after the fuel cell cooling system finishes filling the cooling liquid, the degassing control flow of the cooling circuit is shown in fig. 4, wherein P1, P2 and P3 in fig. 4 represent the pressure difference threshold value of the cooling liquid entering and exiting the galvanic pile, and P1 is more than P2 is more than P3; t1 and t2 are the periods of controlling the opening and closing of the valve, and t1 is less than t 2; n1, n2, n3 and n0 represent the rotation speed of the power pump, and n1 > n2 > n3 > n 0; m1 and m2 are the rotating speed of the air compressor, and m1 is more than m 2; v1 and V2 represent the opening of the backpressure valve, where V1 is greater than V2; Δ P represents a difference between the first medium pressure information and the second medium pressure information.
After knowing that air is mixed in the circulating pipeline, starting to execute degassing operation, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 401: controlling the rotating speed of the power pump to be n0, and leading the temperature control valve to the heat dissipation piece;
step 402: judging whether the in-out pair pressure difference delta P is larger than P1, if so, executing step 403, and if not, executing step 406;
step 403: judging whether the differential pressure delta P of the inlet and outlet pairs is greater than P2, if so, executing a step 404, and if not, executing a step 409;
step 404: judging whether the inlet-outlet pair pressure difference delta P is larger than P3, if so, stopping the exhaust action of the fuel cell cooling system, and if not, executing the step 405;
step 405: controlling the rotating speed of the power pump to be n 3;
step 406: controlling the rotating speed of the power pump to be n1, the rotating speed of the air compressor to be m1, and the opening degree of the back pressure valve to be v 1;
step 407: the pressure reducing control valve is controlled to be opened/closed at a period t1, and the pressure control valve is controlled to be closed/opened at a period t1
Step 408: determining whether the inlet-outlet pressure difference Δ P is greater than P3, if so, stopping the exhaust operation of the fuel cell cooling system, otherwise, executing step 407;
step 409: controlling the rotating speed of the power pump to be n2, the rotating speed of the air compressor to be m2, and the opening degree of the back pressure valve to be v 2;
step 410: controlling the pressure reduction control valve to open/close at a period t 2;
step 411: and (5) judging whether the inlet-outlet pair pressure difference delta P is larger than P3, if so, stopping the exhaust action of the fuel cell cooling system, and if not, executing the step 410.
Wherein the value range of P1 is 3kPa to 8kPa, and the value range of P2 is 15kPa to 25kPaP3 is 26kPa to 35 kPa; the time t1 takes a value of 3s to 5s, and the time t2 takes a value of 5s to 10 s; the rotating speed n1 of the power pump is 4000 to 5000 revolutions per minute, n2 is 3000 to 4000 revolutions per minute, n3 is 2000 to 3000 revolutions per minute, and n0 is 1000 to 2000 revolutions per minute; the rotation speed m1 of the air compressor is 3-5 ten thousand revolutions per minute, the rotation speed m2 of the air compressor is 2-3 ten thousand revolutions per minute, the opening V1 of the backpressure valve is 20-30%, and the opening V2 is 15-20%.
The control device starts the power pump to operate at the lowest rotating speed n0, the temperature control valve opens the heat dissipation part for large circulation, the difference Delta P of cooling hydraulic pressure of the inlet and the outlet of the galvanic pile is detected, when the pressure difference is larger than P3, the cooling circuit almost has no air, and the degassing of the cooling circuit is finished.
The control device starts the power pump to operate at the lowest rotating speed n0, the temperature control valve opens the heat dissipation element for large circulation, the cooling hydraulic pressure difference delta P between the inlet and the outlet of the galvanic pile is detected, when the pressure difference is smaller than P3 but larger than P2, the cooling circuit is mixed with little air, at the moment, the power pump is adjusted to operate at the rotating speed n3 for a certain time, the degassing of the second branch 62 of the water tank is promoted, and then the degassing of the cooling circuit is finished after the pressure difference delta P is judged to be larger than P3.
The control device starts the power pump to operate at the lowest rotating speed n0, the temperature control valve opens the heat dissipation element for large circulation, the pressure difference delta P of the cooling liquid at the inlet and the outlet of the electric pile is detected, when the pressure difference is smaller than P2 but larger than P1, the cooling circuit is indicated to be mixed with a small amount of air, the rotating speed of the power pump is controlled to be n2, the rotating speed of the air compressor is m2, the opening degree of the back pressure valve is V2, the pressure reduction control valve is opened and closed periodically, the interval time is t2, and the pressure reduction control valve is closed. When the pressure reducing control valve is opened, certain negative pressure can be formed in a pipeline where the pressure reducing control valve is located when the air compressor operates, so that the internal pressure of the liquid storage part communicated with the air compressor is reduced, the degassing of the second branch 62 of the water tank is smoother, the periodic opening and closing of the pressure reducing control valve can greatly promote the back-and-forth flow of cooling liquid in the pipeline, and the degassing speed of the cooling circuit is promoted. After the operation is repeated for a certain time, the pressure difference delta P is judged to be larger than P3, and then the degassing of the cooling circuit is finished.
The control device starts the power pump to operate at the lowest rotating speed n0, the temperature control valve opens the heat dissipation part to circulate greatly, the cooling hydraulic pressure difference delta P between the inlet and the outlet of the galvanic pile is detected, when the pressure difference is smaller than P1, the cooling loop is mixed with a large amount of air, the power pump cannot drive cooling liquid to flow in a pipeline smoothly, the rotating speed of the power pump is suddenly high or suddenly low, the rotating speed fluctuation is large, even idling is realized, the pressure at the inlet of the power pump is negative pressure, cavitation is easy to form, the power pump is damaged, and the cooling liquid cannot flow. At the moment, the rotating speed of the power pump is controlled to be n1, the rotating speed of the air compressor is controlled to be m1, the opening degree of the backpressure valve is controlled to be V1, the pressure reducing control valve is opened and closed periodically, the interval time is t1, the pressure increasing control valve is closed and opened periodically, the interval time is t1, and the suction valve and the pressure increasing valve are opened and closed alternately. When the pressure reducing control valve is opened, certain negative pressure can be formed in a pipeline where the pressure reducing control valve is located when the air compressor operates, so that the internal pressure of the liquid storage part communicated with the air compressor is reduced, the degassing of the second branch 62 of the water tank is smoother, the periodic opening and closing of the pressure reducing control valve can greatly promote the back-and-forth flow of cooling liquid in the pipeline, and the degassing speed of the cooling circuit is promoted. When the pressurization control valve is opened, a part of high pressure is introduced from the outlet of the air compressor, so that the internal pressure of the liquid storage part communicated with the pressurization control valve is greatly increased, the water is more smoothly supplemented by the first branch 61 of the water tank, the pressure at the inlet of the power pump is compensated, the positive pressure is not higher than the atmospheric pressure, the alternate opening and closing of the pressure reduction control valve and the pressure increase control valve can greatly help the power pump to effectively operate, the back-and-forth flow of cooling liquid in a pipeline is promoted, and the degassing speed of the cooling loop is promoted. After the operation is repeated for a certain time, the pressure difference delta P is judged to be larger than P3, and then the degassing of the cooling circuit is finished.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "plurality" or "a plurality" refer to two or more, and unless otherwise specifically limited, the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention; the terms "connected," "mounted," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and include, for example, fixed connections, removable connections, or integral connections; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the description of the present invention, the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiments," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In the present invention, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The present invention has been described in terms of the preferred embodiment, and it is not intended to be limited to the embodiment. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A fuel cell cooling system, comprising:
a circulation line for communicating with the fuel cell;
a heat sink disposed on the circulation duct;
the liquid storage part is communicated with the circulating pipeline through a liquid supplementing pipe and communicated with an air outlet of the heat dissipation part through an exhaust pipe;
one end of the pressure regulating pipe is communicated with the liquid storage part;
the pressure adjusting assembly is connected to the other end of the pressure adjusting pipe and used for adjusting the pressure in the liquid storage part through the pressure adjusting pipe;
the pressure regulating assembly includes:
the system comprises a pressurizing pipeline and a pressurizing control valve, wherein one end of the pressurizing pipeline is communicated with an air supply pipeline and is positioned between an air compressor and a stack, the other end of the pressurizing pipeline is communicated with a pressure regulating pipe, and the pressurizing control valve is arranged on the pressurizing pipeline;
the pressure reducing device comprises a pressure reducing pipeline and a pressure reducing control valve, wherein one end of the pressure reducing pipeline is used for being communicated with an air supply pipeline and is located at one side, away from the electric pile, of the air compressor, the other end of the pressure reducing pipeline is communicated with a pressure adjusting pipe, and the pressure reducing control valve is arranged on the pressure reducing pipeline.
2. The fuel cell cooling system according to claim 1, wherein the circulation line includes:
one end of the cooling liquid supply pipe is communicated with the liquid outlet of the heat dissipation piece, and the other end of the cooling liquid supply pipe is communicated with the fuel cell;
and one end of the cooling liquid return pipe is communicated with the liquid return port of the heat dissipation piece, and the other end of the cooling liquid return pipe is communicated with the fuel cell.
3. The fuel cell cooling system according to claim 2, further comprising:
and the power pump is arranged on the cooling liquid supply pipe.
4. The fuel cell cooling system according to claim 2, further comprising:
one end of the circulating pipe is communicated with the cooling liquid supply pipe, and the other end of the circulating pipe is communicated with the cooling liquid return pipe;
and the temperature control valve is arranged at the communication position of the circulating pipe and the cooling liquid return pipe.
5. A fuel cell system, characterized by comprising: the cooling system for a fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
6. The fuel cell system according to claim 5, further comprising:
the circulating pipeline is communicated with the galvanic pile;
an air supply pipe communicated with the air supply port of the electric pile;
and the air compressor is arranged on the air supply pipeline.
7. A control method of a fuel cell system, which is applied to the fuel cell system according to claim 5 or 6, the control method comprising:
acquiring first medium pressure information of a cooling medium flowing into the fuel cell system;
acquiring second medium pressure information of the cooling medium flowing out of the fuel cell system;
adjusting an operating state of a fuel cell cooling system based on difference information of the first medium pressure information and the second medium pressure information.
8. The control method of a fuel cell system according to claim 7, wherein the step of adjusting the operation state of the fuel cell cooling system based on the difference information of the first medium pressure information and the second medium pressure information includes:
under the condition that the difference information is smaller than a first threshold value, controlling a power pump on the circulating pipeline to work at a first rotating speed, and controlling the pressure regulating assembly to alternately perform pressurization and depressurization for the liquid storage part;
when the difference information is greater than or equal to a first threshold value and smaller than a second threshold value, controlling a power pump on the circulating pipeline to work at a second rotating speed, and controlling the pressure regulating assembly to reduce the pressure of the liquid storage part;
under the condition that the difference information is greater than or equal to a second threshold value and smaller than a third threshold value, controlling a power pump on the circulating pipeline to work at a third rotating speed;
and the values of the first threshold, the second threshold and the third threshold are increased progressively, and the values of the first rotating speed, the second rotating speed and the third rotating speed are decreased progressively.
9. A control device of a fuel cell system, characterized by comprising:
a memory storing a computer program;
a processor executing the computer program;
wherein the processor, when executing the computer program, implements the control method of the fuel cell system according to claim 7 or 8.
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| CN114447392B (en) * | 2022-02-11 | 2023-09-15 | 氢电中科（广州）新能源设备有限公司 | Hydrogen fuel cell pile protection system |
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| JP2004319206A (en) * | 2003-04-15 | 2004-11-11 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Cooling device of fuel cell |
| CN108110295A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-06-01 | 上海电气集团股份有限公司 | The efficiency optimal control method and system of redox flow cell device |
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