CN113593865A - Split step-by-step on-load tap-changer and control method thereof - Google Patents
Split step-by-step on-load tap-changer and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113593865A CN113593865A CN202110703838.7A CN202110703838A CN113593865A CN 113593865 A CN113593865 A CN 113593865A CN 202110703838 A CN202110703838 A CN 202110703838A CN 113593865 A CN113593865 A CN 113593865A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
- H01F29/02—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings
- H01F29/04—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings having provision for tap-changing without interrupting the load current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/56—Contact arrangements for providing make-before-break operation, e.g. for on-load tap-changing
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Abstract
The application provides a split step type on-load tap-changer and a control method thereof. The split step-by-step on-load tap-changer comprises an isolation module and a change-over switch, wherein one end of the isolation module is arranged in the transformer and is connected with a selection switch of the transformer, and the other end of the isolation module is arranged outside the transformer; the change-over switch is arranged outside the transformer and connected with the isolation module; the change-over switch comprises two branches, each branch comprises a through-current branch and a transition branch which are connected in parallel, the through-current branch comprises a first switch and a second switch which are connected in series, the transition branch comprises a third switch, a fourth switch and a current limiting element, and the fourth switch and the current limiting element are connected in parallel and then connected in series with the third switch; the input ends of the two branch circuits are respectively connected with the two output contacts of the selector switch through the isolation module, and the output ends of the two branch circuits are connected.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of transformers, in particular to a split distributed on-load tap-changer and a control method thereof.
Background
The on-load tap-changer mainly functions to realize voltage regulation of the transformer. Compared with the operation condition of a common power transformer, the on-load tap changer (hereinafter abbreviated as OLTC) of the converter transformer in the extra-high voltage direct current transmission project is worse.
First, the converter transformer operates at a long term end load, and the current flowing through the OLTC is large. Secondly, the load current flowing through the on-load tap-changer of the converter transformer is not a sine wave but a current waveform with a phase change process, the di/dt of a zero crossing point is large, and the arc quenching is difficult. Then, the on-load tap changer OLTC of the converter transformer acts very frequently, the number of actions in operation can reach 4000 times/year, and the requirement on mechanical life is high. Finally, the internal action is not monitored by any electrical quantity, and is in a black box state, so that the transient working state in the switching process cannot be judged.
Due to the particularity of an on-load tap changer (OLTC) of an extra-high voltage converter transformer, the OLTC in all extra-high voltage direct current transmission projects in China is provided by foreign manufacturers at present, and accident analysis and improvement cannot be controlled independently.
A traditional OLTC (on-line switching controller) one-time switching process relates to multiple switches and multiple on-off steps, wherein when one step is abnormal, mechanical motion still continues to execute the next step, and larger faults such as interstage short circuit and the like are easily caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a split step type on-load tap-changer, which comprises an isolation module and a change-over switch, wherein one end of the isolation module is arranged in a transformer and is connected with a selection switch of the transformer, and the other end of the isolation module is arranged outside the transformer; the change-over switch is arranged outside the transformer and connected with the isolation module; the change-over switch comprises two branches, each branch comprises a through-current branch and a transition branch which are connected in parallel, the through-current branch comprises a first switch and a second switch which are connected in series, the transition branch comprises a third switch, a fourth switch and a current limiting element, and the fourth switch and the current limiting element are connected in parallel and then connected in series with the third switch; the input ends of the two branch circuits are respectively connected with the two output contacts of the selector switch through the isolation module, and the output ends of the two branch circuits are connected.
According to some embodiments, the split step-type on-load tap-changer further comprises a selector switch, wherein the selector switch is arranged inside the transformer and comprises n input contacts and n output contacts, and the n input contacts are connected with n taps of a voltage regulating winding of the transformer in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
According to some embodiments, the isolation module comprises a first isolation unit and a second isolation unit, the first isolation unit being connected between one output contact of the selector switch and the input of one branch of the diverter switch; the second isolation unit is connected between the other output contact of the selection switch and the input end of the other branch of the change-over switch.
According to some embodiments, the diverter switch further comprises a voltage limiting element connected between the inputs of the two branches.
According to some embodiments, the voltage limiting element comprises a non-linear resistance.
According to some embodiments, the diverter switch further comprises a first current transformer, a second current transformer, a third current transformer, a fourth current transformer, a fifth current transformer, a sixth current transformer and a seventh current transformer, the first current transformer being connected in series in one branch of the diverter switch; the second current transformer is connected in series with the other branch of the change-over switch; the third current transformer is connected in series with the output end of the change-over switch; the fourth current transformer is connected in series with a through-current branch of the change-over switch; the fifth current transformer is connected in series with a through-current branch of the other branch of the change-over switch; the sixth current transformer is connected in series with the transition branch of the change-over switch; the seventh current transformer is connected in series with the transition branch of the other branch of the change-over switch.
According to some embodiments, the diverter switch comprises a mechanical switch comprising at least one of an oil switch, a sulfur hexafluoride switch, a vacuum switch, or a power electronic switch comprising at least one of a silicon controlled rectifier, an insulated gate bipolar thyristor, an electron injection enhanced gate thyristor, an integrated gate commutated thyristor, a metal oxide semiconductor field effect thyristor.
According to some embodiments, the current limiting element comprises a resistance or/and a reactance.
According to some embodiments, the diverter switch is isolated from ground potential by an insulating support.
The embodiment of the present application further provides a method for controlling the split step-type on-load tap-changer, including: when the transformer carries out on-load voltage regulation, the load current is controlled to be changed from one tap of the voltage regulating winding to the other tap; the output contact of the selector switch correspondingly connected with the other tap of the voltage regulating winding is controlled to be connected with the other through-current branch of the selector switch through the isolation module; and controlling the change-over switch to carry out load change-over operation according to the on-off state and current sampling of each branch circuit.
According to some embodiments, the control method further comprises: under the normal working state, the load current of the transformer is controlled to flow through any tap of the voltage regulating winding, the selector switch connected with the tap, the isolation module and one branch of the change-over switch, and the rest branches of the change-over switch are in an off state.
According to some embodiments, the control switch performs an on-load switching operation according to the switching state and current sampling of each branch circuit, including: closing a fourth switch of a transition branch of the original conducting branch, and turning off a first switch and a second switch of a through-current branch of the original conducting branch; sampling and judging the zero crossing of the current through a fourth current transformer or a fifth current transformer of the through-flow branch of the original conducting branch, transferring the load current to the transition branch of the original conducting branch, and turning off a fourth switch of the transition branch of the original conducting branch; the sixth current transformer or the seventh current transformer of the transition branch of the original conducting branch is used for sampling and judging the zero crossing of the current, the load current is transferred to the current limiting element of the transition branch of the original conducting branch, and the third switch of the transition branch of the other branch is conducted; respectively sampling and judging through a first current transformer and a second current transformer of the two branches, and switching off a third switch of a transition branch of an original conducting branch when a voltage regulating winding of the transformer has circulating current through the third switch and a current limiting element of the transition branch of the two branches; the third switch of the transition branch of the original conducting branch is judged to have zero crossing by sampling through the first current transformer or the second current transformer of the original conducting branch, the load current is transferred to the third switch and the current limiting element of the transition branch of the other branch, and the fourth switch of the transition branch of the other branch is conducted; and after the load current is transferred to a fourth switch of the transition branch of the other branch, switching on the first switch and the second switch of the through-flow branch of the other branch, and switching off the fourth switch of the transition branch of the other branch.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application provides a new on-load tap-changer, the change-over switch part of the on-load tap-changer is moved to the outside of the transformer body, meanwhile, the digitalized electrical measurement technology is combined, the transient switching process step-by-step control can be realized, each step of action is monitored and protected, and the problem that once the action of the traditional tap-changer cannot be stopped and the protection cannot be monitored is solved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic composition diagram of a split step on-load tap changer according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a control method of a split step on-load tap-changer according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a branch switching control process of a splitter-step on-load tap changer change-over switch according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an operation process of the split step type on-load tap-changer according to the embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 5 is a second schematic view of the working process of the split step type on-load tap-changer according to the embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 6 is a third schematic diagram of the working process of the split step type on-load tap-changer according to the embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 7 is a fourth schematic view of the working process of the split step type on-load tap-changer according to the embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 8 is a fifth schematic view of the working process of the split step on-load tap-changer according to the embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 9 is a sixth schematic view of the working process of the split step on-load tap-changer according to the embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 10 is a seventh schematic view illustrating an operation process of the split step type on-load tap-changer according to the embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
It should be understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the claims, description, and drawings of the present application are used for distinguishing between different objects and not for describing a particular order. The terms "comprises" and "comprising," when used in the specification and claims of this application, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a component of a split step on-load tap-changer according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes a selection switch 102, an isolation module 300, and a diverter switch 200.
The selection switch 102 is disposed inside the transformer 100, and includes n input contacts and n output contacts, where the n input contacts are connected to n taps of the voltage regulating winding 101 of the transformer in a one-to-one correspondence, and n is a natural number. One end of the isolation module 300 is disposed inside the transformer 100 and connected to the selection switch 102 of the transformer 100, and the other end of the isolation module 300 is disposed outside the transformer 100. The switch 200 is disposed outside the transformer 100 and connected to the isolation module 300. The insulation of the conductor part from the transformer 100 housing and the sealing of the transformer 100 housing are achieved.
The isolation module 300 includes a first isolation unit 301 and a second isolation unit 302. The first isolation unit 301 is connected between one output contact of the selection switch 102 and the input of one branch of the diverter switch 200. A second isolation unit 302 is connected between the other output contact of the selection switch 102 and the input of the other branch of the diverter switch 200. The first isolation unit 301 and the second isolation unit 302 are isolation sleeves, but not limited thereto.
The switch 200 includes two branches, each branch includes a current branch and a transition branch connected in parallel, the current branch includes a first switch and a second switch connected in series, the transition branch includes a third switch, a fourth switch and a current limiting element, and the fourth switch and the current limiting element are connected in parallel and then connected in series with the third switch. The input ends of the two branches are respectively connected with the two output contacts of the selector switch 200 through the isolation module 300, and the output ends of the two branches are connected. Current limiting elements include, but are not limited to, resistors and/or reactances. As shown in fig. 1, the first branch includes a current branch and a transition branch, the current branch includes a first switch 201 and a second switch 202 connected in series, the transition branch includes a third switch 205, a fourth switch 206 and a current limiting element 211, and the fourth switch 206 and the current limiting element 211 are connected in parallel and then connected in series with the third switch 205. The second branch comprises a current branch and a transition branch, wherein the current branch comprises a first switch 203 and a second switch 204 which are connected in parallel, the transition branch comprises a third switch 207, a fourth switch 208 and a current limiting element 212, and the fourth switch 208 and the current limiting element 212 are connected in parallel and then connected in series with the third switch 207. The input ends A, B of the two branches are respectively connected to the two output contacts of the selector switch 200 through the isolation module 300, and the output ends C of the two branches are connected.
Optionally, the switch 200 further comprises a voltage limiting element 221, the voltage limiting element 221 being connected between the inputs of the two branches. The voltage limiting element includes, but is not limited to, a non-linear resistor.
Optionally, the change-over switch 200 further comprises a first current transformer 231, a second current transformer 232, a third current transformer 233, a fourth current transformer 234, a fifth current transformer 235, a sixth current transformer 236 and a seventh current transformer 237.
The first current transformer 231 is connected in series to one branch of the changeover switch 200. The second current transformer 232 is connected in series to the other branch of the change-over switch 200. The third current transformer 233 is connected in series to the output terminal of the changeover switch 200. And a fourth current transformer connected in series with a through-current branch of one branch of the switch 200. And a fifth current transformer connected in series with a current branch of the other branch of the switch 200. And a sixth current transformer connected in series to the transition branch of one branch of the switch 200. And a seventh current transformer connected in series to the transition branch of the other branch of the change-over switch 200.
Optionally, the diverter switch 200 includes, but is not limited to, a mechanical switch including, but not limited to, at least one of an oil switch, an SF6 (sulfur hexafluoride) switch, a vacuum switch, or a power electronic switch including, but not limited to, at least one of an SCR (silicon controlled rectifier), an IGBT (insulated gate bipolar thyristor), an IEGT (electron injection enhanced gate thyristor), an IGCT (integrated gate commutated thyristor), a MOSFET (metal oxide semiconductor field effect thyristor).
Optionally, the diverter switch 200 is isolated from ground potential by an insulating support.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment provides a new on-load tap-changer, and the change-over switch part of the on-load tap-changer is moved to the outside of the transformer body, so that the tap-changer is isolated from the change-over switch, and the problem of influence of the self fault of the change-over switch on the transformer body is solved.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a control method of a split step on-load tap-changer according to an embodiment of the present application.
In S10, when the transformer 100 is on-load tap-changing, the output contact of the selector switch 102 connected to the other tap of the tap winding 101 is controlled to be connected to the other current branch of the diverter switch 200 via the isolation module 300.
In a normal operating state, the load current of the control transformer 100 flows through any tap of the voltage regulating winding 101, the selector switch 102 connected to this tap, the isolation module 300, and one branch of the switch 200, and the other branches of the switch 200 are in an off state, as shown in fig. 4.
When the transformer 100 performs on-load voltage regulation, the load current needs to be switched from the conduction of one current branch to the conduction of another current branch of the switch 200, and it is assumed that the originally conducted branch is the current branch of the first branch, and the description will be given by taking the example that the current branch of the first branch is switched to the current branch of the second branch.
The output contact 2 of the selector switch 102, which controls the corresponding connection to the other tap of the regulating winding 101, is connected to the input B of the other current branch of the diverter switch 200 via a second isolating unit 302.
In S20, the control switch 200 performs an on-load switching operation according to the branch switch status and the current sampling, including the following steps S21 to S26, as shown in fig. 3.
In S21, the fourth switch 206 of the transition branch of the first branch that was turned on is closed, and the first switch 201 and the second switch 202 of the current branch of the first branch are turned off, as shown in fig. 5.
In S22, the current zero crossing is judged by sampling the fourth current transformer 234 of the current branch of the first branch, the load current is transferred to the transition branch of the first branch, and the fourth switch 206 of the transition branch of the first branch is turned off, as shown in fig. 6.
In S23, the current zero crossing is judged by sampling the sixth current transformer 236 of the transition branch of the first branch, the load current is transferred to the current limiting element 211 of the transition branch of the first branch, and the third switch 207 of the transition branch of the second branch is turned on, as shown in fig. 7.
In S24, the first current transformer 231 and the second current transformer 232 of the two branches are respectively sampled and judged, and when there is a circulating current in the transformer tap winding 101 through the third switches 205, 207 and the current limiting elements 211, 212 of the transition branch of the two branches, the third switch 205 of the transition branch of the first branch is turned off, as shown in fig. 8.
In S25, the third switch 205 of the transition branch of the first branch is sampled and judged to have zero-crossing by the first current transformer 231 of the first branch, the load current is transferred to the third switch 207 and the current limiting element 212 of the transition branch of the second branch, and the fourth switch 208 of the transition branch of the second branch is turned on, as shown in fig. 9.
In S26, after the current transformer 232 of the second branch and the seventh current transformer 237 of the transition branch of the second branch sample and determine that the current of the current limiting element 212 of the transition branch of the second branch crosses zero, and the load current is transferred to the fourth switch 208 of the transition branch of the second branch, the first switch 203 and the second switch 204 of the current branch of the second branch are turned on, and the fourth switch 208 of the transition branch of the second branch is turned off, as shown in fig. 10.
In S30, the load current is controlled to be switched from one tap of the regulating winding to the other.
The load current is conducted from the current branch of the second branch of the switch 200 to the current branch of the first branch, and the operation steps are similar to the above process and are not described again.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment combines the digital electrical measurement technology, can realize the step-by-step control of the transient switching process of the on-load tap-changer, has monitoring and protection in each step, and solves the problem that the traditional tap-changer cannot stop once the action is performed and cannot monitor and protect the black box.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereby, and any modifications made on the basis of the technical solution according to the technical idea presented in the present application fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (12)
1. A split step on-load tap changer comprising:
one end of the isolation module is arranged in the transformer and connected with the selection switch of the transformer, and the other end of the isolation module is arranged outside the transformer;
the change-over switch is arranged outside the transformer and connected with the isolation module; the change-over switch comprises two branches, each branch comprising:
the current branch circuit comprises a first switch and a second switch which are connected in series, the transition branch circuit comprises a third switch, a fourth switch and a current limiting element, and the fourth switch and the current limiting element are connected in parallel and then connected in series with the third switch;
the input ends of the two branch circuits are respectively connected with the two output contacts of the selector switch through the isolation module, and the output ends of the two branch circuits are connected.
2. The split on-load tap changer of claim 1, further comprising:
the selective switch is arranged in the transformer and comprises n input contacts and n output contacts, and the n input contacts are connected with n taps of the voltage regulating winding of the transformer in a one-to-one correspondence mode.
3. The split step on-load tap changer of claim 1, wherein the isolation module comprises:
the first isolation unit is connected between one output contact of the selector switch and the input end of one branch of the selector switch;
and the second isolation unit is connected between the other output contact of the selection switch and the input end of the other branch of the change-over switch.
4. The split on-load tap changer of claim 1, wherein the diverter switch further comprises:
and the voltage limiting element is connected between the input ends of the two branches.
5. The split step on-load tap changer of claim 4, wherein the voltage limiting element comprises: a non-linear resistance.
6. The split on-load tap changer of claim 1, wherein the diverter switch further comprises:
the first current transformer is connected in series with one branch of the change-over switch;
the second current transformer is connected in series with the other branch of the change-over switch;
the third current transformer is connected in series with the output end of the change-over switch;
the fourth current transformer is connected in series with the through-current branch of the change-over switch;
a fifth current transformer connected in series with a through-current branch of the other branch of the diverter switch;
a sixth current transformer connected in series to the transition branch of the one branch of the change-over switch;
and the seventh current transformer is connected in series with the transition branch of the other branch of the change-over switch.
7. The split on-load tap changer of claim 1, wherein the diverter switch comprises a mechanical switch comprising at least one of an oil switch, a sulfur hexafluoride switch, and a vacuum switch, or a power electronic switch comprising at least one of a silicon controlled rectifier, an insulated gate bipolar thyristor, an electron injection enhanced gate thyristor, an integrated gate commutated thyristor, and a metal oxide semiconductor field effect thyristor.
8. The split on-load tap changer of claim 1, wherein the current limiting element comprises: resistance or/and reactance.
9. The split on-load tap changer of claim 1, wherein the diverter switch is isolated from ground potential by an insulating post.
10. A method of controlling a split step on-load tap-changer according to any of claims 1 to 9, comprising:
when the transformer carries out on-load voltage regulation, an output contact of a selection switch correspondingly connected with the other tap of the voltage regulating winding is controlled to be connected with the other through-current branch of the change-over switch through an isolation module;
controlling a change-over switch to carry out on-load switching operation according to the switching state and current sampling of each branch circuit;
the load current is controlled to change from one tap of the regulating winding to the other.
11. The control method according to claim 10, further comprising:
under the normal working state, the load current of the transformer is controlled to flow through any tap of the voltage regulating winding, the selector switch connected with the tap, the isolation module and one branch of the change-over switch, and the rest branches of the change-over switch are in an off state.
12. The control method according to claim 10, wherein the control change-over switch performs an on-load change-over operation according to the switching state and the current sampling of each branch circuit, and comprises:
closing a fourth switch of a transition branch of the original conducting branch, and turning off a first switch and a second switch of a through-current branch of the original conducting branch;
sampling and judging the zero crossing of the current through a fourth current transformer or a fifth current transformer of the through-flow branch of the original conducting branch, transferring the load current to the transition branch of the original conducting branch, and turning off a fourth switch of the transition branch of the original conducting branch;
the sixth current transformer or the seventh current transformer of the transition branch of the original conducting branch is used for sampling and judging the zero crossing of the current, the load current is transferred to the current limiting element of the transition branch of the original conducting branch, and the third switch of the transition branch of the other branch is conducted;
respectively sampling and judging through a first current transformer and a second current transformer of the two branches, and switching off a third switch of a transition branch of an original conducting branch when a voltage regulating winding of the transformer has circulating current through the third switch and a current limiting element of the transition branch of the two branches;
the third switch of the transition branch of the original conducting branch is judged to have zero crossing by sampling through the first current transformer or the second current transformer of the original conducting branch, the load current is transferred to the third switch and the current limiting element of the transition branch of the other branch, and the fourth switch of the transition branch of the other branch is conducted;
and after the load current is transferred to a fourth switch of the transition branch of the other branch, switching on the first switch and the second switch of the through-flow branch of the other branch, and switching off the fourth switch of the transition branch of the other branch.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN114944297A (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-08-26 | 常州博瑞电力自动化设备有限公司 | Split type change-over switch of on-load tap-changer |
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| US20130306449A1 (en) * | 2012-05-17 | 2013-11-21 | Shanghai Huaming Power Equipment Co., Ltd | Change-over structure between moving contact and static contact of tap selector |
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| CN113593865B (en) | 2023-09-08 |
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