CN113592330B - Airport runway evaluation method based on airplane take-off and landing safety - Google Patents
Airport runway evaluation method based on airplane take-off and landing safety Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an airport runway evaluation method based on airplane taking-off and landing safety, which comprises the following steps: s1, measuring three-dimensional geometric information of an airport runway, and generating a three-dimensional runway model according to a measurement result; s2, judging and identifying the position, the area and the depth of a potential water accumulation zone of the road surface; s3, evaluating and analyzing the sliding safety of the aircraft in the potential water accumulation area, comprehensively obtaining the safety evaluation result of the runway surface, and providing a basis for safety early warning and timely maintenance of the runway by adopting the method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of airport runway engineering, in particular to an airport runway evaluation method based on airplane taking-off and landing safety.
Background
The evaluation result of the functionality of the runway surface of the airport runway is the technical basis of the functionality renovation engineering of the runway surface. The conventional technical specification of civil airport pavement evaluation management (MH/T5024-2019) prescribes that pavement functionality evaluation comprises pavement anti-skid performance, drainage performance and flatness. The road surface anti-skid performance adopts the road surface friction coefficient as an evaluation index. When the aircraft runs on the runway surface with a water film of a certain thickness, the drainage capacity of the surface of the tire is reduced because the aircraft wheel rotates at a high speed, and water below the aircraft wheel can generate hydrodynamic force to lift the tire so as to isolate the tire from the runway, and the friction coefficient of the runway surface is reduced due to the two factors, so that the water accumulated on the runway surface can directly influence the dynamic friction coefficient of the runway surface. The number and the area of the water accumulation points and the water accumulation depth are one of main indexes for evaluating the drainage performance of the airport pavement. The water accumulation condition of the runway surface is directly related to the anti-skid performance and the drainage performance of the airfield runway, so that the safe running of the aircraft on the runway surface is affected.
The evaluation of airport pavement in the current civil aviation standard is focused on structural and functional aspects, and the safety of an airplane in taking off and landing taxis is not considered separately.
For the method for establishing the three-dimensional pavement model, li Haifeng in the text of the automatic detection algorithm of airport pavement cracks based on depth images published in the journal of transportation engineering, the three-dimensional pavement model is directly established through the geometric information acquired by a depth camera, and the following problems exist: the depth camera is bumpy in the acquisition process, and the imaging plane of the depth camera cannot be guaranteed to be always parallel to the ground.
Xu Li in the working principle of the investigation system of the three-dimensional laser profiler and the application thereof published in university of Qinghua (natural science edition), the proposed high-speed three-dimensional laser profiler has the following problems although the precision is higher and the testing speed is faster: the principle is complex, the manufacturing cost is high, the rutting can cause the loss of the three-dimensional texture roughness of the pavement, and the anti-skid performance of the pavement is reduced.
For a water film calculation method, chinese patent publication No. CN111814247a discloses a "landing safety risk assessment system for aircraft based on wet skid state perception", and water film thickness data is obtained by adopting a water film thickness sensor packaged at the runway edge, which has the following problems: the sensor has limited precision, the data of the water films at all sides of the runway cannot be obtained, and the data can be obtained only by adding and modifying the sensor in the conventional airport.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides an airport pavement evaluation method based on airplane taking-off and landing safety, which can rapidly and accurately quantify the taking-off and landing safety of an airplane on an airport runway.
In order to achieve the purpose, the airport runway evaluation method based on the airplane taking-off and landing safety is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, measuring three-dimensional geometric information of an airport runway, generating a three-dimensional runway model according to a measurement result, and executing the following steps;
the process for measuring the three-dimensional geometric information of the airport runway is as follows:
firstly, adopting a plurality of groups of airport runway surface elevation testers, setting a first longitudinal measuring line along the longitudinal section of the runway, and measuring elevation information of a plurality of measuring points along the longitudinal section of the runway on the first longitudinal measuring line according to a set interval distance;
step two, the elevation values of all the measuring points are sequentially connected to obtain a first longitudinal elevation curve along the longitudinal section direction of the runway;
setting a first transverse measuring line along the cross section direction of the runway, and obtaining a first transverse elevation curve along the cross section direction of the runway on the first transverse measuring line according to the methods of the first step and the second step;
fourth, a certain distance is kept between the first longitudinal measuring line and the first transverse measuring line, the first step and the third step are repeated repeatedly until the whole runway data are acquired, a plurality of elevation curves along the runway cross section and the longitudinal section direction are obtained and are imported into UC software, a curved tool bar is selected, and a three-dimensional runway surface model is generated by clicking buttons of a curve group;
s2, judging and identifying the position, the area and the depth of a road surface potential water accumulation zone, wherein the specific steps are as follows:
setting a plane in which a runway is planned as a standard plane, setting the vertical coordinate of the standard plane as 0, inserting the standard plane into a three-dimensional runway surface model, namely, marking and distinguishing the potential water accumulation areas in the area below the standard plane, wherein the projected area of the potential water accumulation areas on the standard plane is the area of the potential water accumulation area, and the value of the vertical coordinate of the lowest point in the potential water accumulation area is the depth of the potential water accumulation area;
s3, evaluating and analyzing the safety of the airplane sliding in the potential water accumulation area, and comprehensively obtaining a safety evaluation result of the pavement, wherein the safety evaluation result comprises the following specific steps of:
firstly, comparing the potential water accumulation area obtained in the step s2 with the tire contact area of the model with the minimum tire contact area in the plane sliding on the runway, if the area is smaller than 1/20 of the tire contact area of the model with the minimum tire contact area in the plane sliding on the runway, the potential water accumulation areas have little influence on the safe sliding of the plane, so the potential water accumulation areas are ignored, otherwise, the next step is executed;
and secondly, evaluating the safety of the airplane water skiing according to the water film thickness of the potential water accumulation area, wherein the range of the safety evaluation is that the water film thickness is less than or equal to 4mm, the range of the safety evaluation is that the water film thickness is greater than 4mm and less than or equal to 7mm, the range of the safety evaluation is that the water film thickness is greater than 7mm and less than or equal to 10mm, the range of the safety evaluation is that the water film thickness is greater than 10mm and less than or equal to 13mm, and the range of the safety evaluation is that the water film thickness is greater than 13mm.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. the elevation measurement is carried out at shorter intervals on the transverse and longitudinal directions of the runway to obtain a plurality of elevation curves of the transverse and longitudinal directions of the runway surface, so that the runway surface model is more accurate and meets the actual conditions of the airport.
2. The road surface condition can be intuitively seen through the established three-dimensional runway model, and the actual state of the runway can be clearly and definitely known.
3. The grading index of the water film thickness on the degree of the influence of the taking-off and landing safety of the airplane is established, the safety of the taking-off and landing of the airplane is quantified by the runway, the safety of the runway can be intuitively evaluated, and the basis is provided for the safety early warning and the timely maintenance of the runway.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of the present aircraft landing safety based airport runway assessment method;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an elevation curve in the longitudinal cross section direction of a road surface;
FIG. 3 is a schematic elevation view of a cross-sectional direction of a pavement;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional geometric runway model;
fig. 5 shows the evaluation index of the airport runway evaluation method based on the airplane taking-off and landing safety.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and to specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the airport runway evaluation method based on airplane taking-off and landing safety comprises the following steps:
s1, measuring three-dimensional geometric information of an airport runway, generating a three-dimensional runway model according to a measurement result, and executing the following steps;
the process for measuring the three-dimensional geometric information of the airport runway is as follows:
firstly, adopting a plurality of groups of airport pavement elevation testers, setting a first longitudinal measuring line along the longitudinal section of the runway (running direction of the runway), and measuring elevation information of a plurality of measuring points along the longitudinal section of the runway on the first longitudinal measuring line according to a set interval distance (such as 25 cm);
step two, the elevation values of all the measuring points are sequentially connected to obtain a first longitudinal elevation curve along the longitudinal section direction of the runway, as shown in fig. 2;
and thirdly, setting a first transverse measuring line along the cross section direction of the runway (perpendicular to the running direction of the runway), and obtaining a first transverse elevation curve along the cross section direction of the runway on the first transverse measuring line according to the method of the first step and the second step, as shown in fig. 3.
And fourthly, repeatedly repeating the first to third steps until the whole runway data acquisition is completed, obtaining a plurality of elevation curves along the runway cross section and longitudinal section directions, importing the elevation curves into UC software, selecting a curved tool bar, clicking a button through a curve group to generate a three-dimensional runway surface model, as shown in figure 4, along with the first longitudinal measuring line and a certain distance (such as 0.4m, 0.8m and 1.2m … …) from the first transverse measuring line.
S2, judging and identifying the position, the area and the depth of a road surface potential water accumulation zone, wherein the specific steps are as follows:
the method comprises the steps of setting a plane where a runway planning design is located as a standard plane, setting the vertical coordinate z of the standard plane as 0, inserting the standard plane into a three-dimensional runway surface model, namely, marking and distinguishing the potential water accumulation areas, wherein the projection area of the potential water accumulation areas on the standard plane is the area of the potential water accumulation area, and the value of the vertical coordinate of the lowest point in the potential water accumulation area is the depth of the potential water accumulation area.
S3, evaluating and analyzing the safety of the airplane sliding in the potential water accumulation area, and comprehensively obtaining a safety evaluation result of the pavement, wherein the safety evaluation result comprises the following specific steps of:
firstly, comparing the potential water accumulation area obtained in the step s2 with the tire contact area of the model with the minimum tire contact area in the plane sliding on the runway, if the area is smaller than 1/20 of the tire contact area of the model with the minimum tire contact area in the plane sliding on the runway, the potential water accumulation areas have little influence on the safe sliding of the plane, so the potential water accumulation areas are ignored, otherwise, the next step is executed;
and secondly, evaluating the safety of the airplane water skiing according to the water film thickness of the potential water accumulation area, wherein the range of the safety evaluation is that the water film thickness is less than or equal to 4mm, the range of the safety evaluation is that the water film thickness is greater than 4mm and less than or equal to 7mm, the range of the safety evaluation is that the water film thickness is greater than 7mm and less than or equal to 10mm, the range of the safety evaluation is that the water film thickness is greater than 10mm and less than or equal to 13mm, and the range of the safety evaluation is that the water film thickness is greater than 13mm, as shown in fig. 5.
According to the evaluation result, the first level of runway safety rating indicates that the aircraft slides on the runway with high safety, the phenomenon of water skiing can not occur basically, and the runway is not required to be treated; the runway safety rating level II indicates that the aircraft slides on the runway with higher safety, the probability of water skiing is smaller, and the runway is generally not required to be treated; the runway safety rating three-level indicates that the safety of the aircraft sliding on the runway is general, the phenomenon of water skiing can occur, and the runway can be processed according to the actual condition of the airport; the runway safety rating level four indicates that the aircraft has poor safety in runway sliding, the probability of water skiing is high, and the runway is suggested to be treated; the runway safety rating of five levels indicates that the aircraft has poor safety in runway taxiing, and water skiing is very likely to occur, and the runway must be treated.
The method for treating the runway comprises the steps of filling up the ponding region of the asphalt concrete runway, replacing the pavement slab of the cement concrete runway, and the like.
The water film thickness is the depth of the water accumulation section in the step s2, or the volume of the water accumulation section is obtained by integrating the depth value in the area of the water accumulation section, the ratio of the volume of the water accumulation section to the area of the water accumulation section is selected, and the larger water film thickness is selected as the water film thickness.
Claims (2)
1. The airport runway evaluation method based on the airplane take-off and landing safety is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, measuring three-dimensional geometric information of an airport runway, generating a three-dimensional runway model according to a measurement result, and executing the following steps;
the process for measuring the three-dimensional geometric information of the airport runway is as follows:
firstly, adopting a plurality of groups of airport runway surface elevation testers, setting a first longitudinal measuring line along the longitudinal section of the runway, and measuring elevation information of a plurality of measuring points along the longitudinal section of the runway on the first longitudinal measuring line according to a set interval distance;
step two, the elevation values of all the measuring points are sequentially connected to obtain a first longitudinal elevation curve along the longitudinal section direction of the runway;
setting a first transverse measuring line along the cross section direction of the runway, and obtaining a first transverse elevation curve along the cross section direction of the runway on the first transverse measuring line according to the methods of the first step and the second step;
fourth, a certain distance is kept between the first longitudinal measuring line and the first transverse measuring line, the first step and the third step are repeated repeatedly until the whole runway data are acquired, a plurality of elevation curves along the runway cross section and the longitudinal section direction are obtained and are imported into UC software, a curved tool bar is selected, and a three-dimensional runway surface model is generated by clicking buttons of a curve group;
s2, judging and identifying the position, the area and the depth of a road surface potential water accumulation zone, wherein the specific steps are as follows:
setting a plane in which a runway is planned as a standard plane, setting the vertical coordinate of the standard plane as 0, inserting the standard plane into a three-dimensional runway surface model, namely, marking and distinguishing the potential water accumulation areas in the area below the standard plane, wherein the projected area of the potential water accumulation areas on the standard plane is the area of the potential water accumulation area, and the value of the vertical coordinate of the lowest point in the potential water accumulation area is the depth of the potential water accumulation area;
s3, evaluating and analyzing the safety of the airplane sliding in the potential water accumulation area, and comprehensively obtaining a safety evaluation result of the pavement, wherein the safety evaluation result comprises the following specific steps of:
firstly, comparing the potential water accumulation area obtained in the step s2 with the tire contact area of the model with the minimum tire contact area in the plane sliding on the runway, if the area is smaller than 1/20 of the tire contact area of the model with the minimum tire contact area in the plane sliding on the runway, the potential water accumulation areas have little influence on the safe sliding of the plane, so the potential water accumulation areas are ignored, otherwise, the next step is executed;
and secondly, evaluating the safety of the airplane water skiing according to the water film thickness of the potential water accumulation area, wherein the range of the safety evaluation is that the water film thickness is less than or equal to 4mm, the range of the safety evaluation is that the water film thickness is greater than 4mm and less than or equal to 7mm, the range of the safety evaluation is that the water film thickness is greater than 7mm and less than or equal to 10mm, the range of the safety evaluation is that the water film thickness is greater than 10mm and less than or equal to 13mm, and the range of the safety evaluation is that the water film thickness is greater than 13mm.
2. The airport runway evaluation method based on airplane taking off and landing safety according to claim 1, wherein the water film thickness is the depth of the water accumulation section in the step s2, or the volume of the water accumulation section is obtained by integrating the depth value in the area of the water accumulation section, the ratio of the volume of the water accumulation section to the area of the water accumulation section is selected, and the larger of the depth of the water accumulation section and the ratio is used as the water film thickness.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107092803A (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2017-08-25 | 长安大学 | A kind of road pools zone recognition methods based on three-dimensional line laser technology |
| CN108664715A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-10-16 | 长安大学 | A kind of surface gathered water track triple assessment and traffic safety analysis method |
| CN110543984A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-12-06 | 华南理工大学 | Urban water surface rate planning method based on water safety |
| CN111814247A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-10-23 | 同济大学 | Aircraft landing safety risk assessment system based on wet and slippery state perception |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10025983B2 (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2018-07-17 | The Climate Corporation | Ponding water detection on satellite imagery |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107092803A (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2017-08-25 | 长安大学 | A kind of road pools zone recognition methods based on three-dimensional line laser technology |
| CN108664715A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-10-16 | 长安大学 | A kind of surface gathered water track triple assessment and traffic safety analysis method |
| CN110543984A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-12-06 | 华南理工大学 | Urban water surface rate planning method based on water safety |
| CN111814247A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-10-23 | 同济大学 | Aircraft landing safety risk assessment system based on wet and slippery state perception |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 基于三维断面数据的机场道面刻槽检测方法;张德津;王毅;章洋;汤青洲;田霖;;中南民族大学学报(自然科学版)(第02期);195-204 * |
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